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File ManagementΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
ADVANCED PROFESSIONAL
SECRETARY TRAININGdi Hotel MITRA - BANDUNG
By : Kanaidi, SE., M.Si 11-12 Oktober 2016 [email protected] HP.08122353284
File ManagementΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
File management system consists of system utility programs that run as privileged applications
Input to applications is by means of a file
Output is saved in a file for long-term storage
File System PropertiesΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Long-term existence Sharable between processes Structure
Terms Used with FilesΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Field Basic element of data Contains a single value Characterized by its length and data type
Record Collection of related fields Treated as a unit
Example: employee record
Terms Used with Files . . .Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
File Collection of similar records Treated as a single entity Have file names May restrict access
Database Collection of related data Relationships exist among elements
File Management SystemsΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
The way a user of application may access files
Objectives : Meet the data management needs and
requirements of the user Guarantee that the data in the file are
valid Optimize performance Provide I/O support for a variety of storage
device types
Minimal Set of RequirementsΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Each user should be able to create, delete, read, write and modify files
Each user may have controlled access to other users’ files
Each user may control what type of accesses are allowed to the users’ files
Each user should be able to restructure the user’s files in a form appropriate to the problem
Each user should be able to move data between files
Each user should be able to back up and recover the user’s files in case of damage
Each user should be able to access the user’s files by using symbolic names
Minimal Set of Requirements . . .Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
File System Software ArchitectureΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Elements of File ManagementΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
File Management Functions
Identify and locate a selected file Use a directory to describe the location of all
files plus their attributes On a shared system describe user access
control Blocking for access to files Allocate files to free blocks Manage free storage for available blocks
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Hackman & Oldham’s Job Characteristics Model
Core DimensionsPsychological States Outcomes
Autonomy
Feedback
Meaningfulness of Work
Responsibilityfor outcomes
Knowledge ofResults
High intrinsicmotivationHigh job per-formanceHigh job satis-factionLow absenteeism & turnover
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Skill VarietyTask IdentityTask Signif.
Criteria for File OrganizationΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Short access time Needed when accessing a single record Not needed for batch mode
Ease of update File on CD-ROM will not be updated, so this is not
a concern
Economy of storage Should be minimum redundancy in the data Redundancy can be used to speed access such
as an index Simple maintenance Reliability
Criteria for File OrganizationΩ Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Information Elements of a File Directory
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Information Elements of a File Directory . . . .
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Job Designs and Work Schedules
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Job Designs and Work Schedules Job Design
is the allocation of specific work tasks to individuals and groups.
Job Designs and Work Schedules
Job Simplification employs people in clearly defined and very specialized tasks.
Job Rotation increases task variety by periodically shifting workers
between different jobs. Job Enlargement
allows individuals to perform a broader range of tasks; job rotation allows individuals to shift among different jobs of similar skill levels.
Self Managing Teams Make many decisions about how they do their work
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Job Designs and Work Schedules
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Job Designs and Work Schedules
Alternative Work Schedules Compressed Workweek
allows a worker to complete a full-time job in less than the standard five days of 8-hour shifts
Flextime describes any work schedule that gives employees some
choice in daily work hours. Job Sharing
two or more persons split one full-time job. Telecommuting
involves using IT to work at home or outside the office.
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
Job Designs and Work Schedules
Contingency and Part-Time Work Part-time Work
is temporary employment for less than the standard 40-hour workweek.
Contingency Workers are employed on a part-time and temporary basis to
supplement a permanent workforce.
Ω Problem Statement Ω Mapping Ω Strategic Direction Conclusion
