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TOPIC: ADRENAL GLAND
UNIT : THE CHEMISTRY BEHIND THE RESPONSES
STANDARD : 10OBJECTIVES : To understand about the
functions adrenal gland
Endocrine glands
Suprarenal glands
Sit at the top of the kidneys
Right handed triangular shaped
Left handed semilunar shaped
responsible for releasing hormones
introduction
Corticoids
Divided into 3 layers
1. Zona glomerulosa(outer layer)
2. Zona fasciculata(middle layer)
3. Zona reticularis(inner layer)
Adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa
mineralocorticoids
mainly aldosterone
functions of aldosterone:
salt and water balance in body,
Reabsorb sodium iones and water,
Excretion of k+ and phosphate iones
Deficiency:Addison’s disease
Adrenal cortex
Zona fasciculata
Gluco corticoids Cortisol, Cortisone, corticosterone Functions :
Increases blood glucose level, Promote gluconeogenesis,Stimulates RBC production, Breaks down Protiens & Fats,Stores glycogen in liver , Produces anti inflammatory reactions &suppresses the immune response
Cushing’s syndrome
Adrenal cortex
Zona reticularis
Gonado corticoids
Androgen & Oestrogen
Helps growth & functions of sex organs
Masculinisation - females
Gynaecomastia - males
Adrenal cortex
Adrenaline & Noradrenaline
Catecholamines
Emergency hormones or Hormones of fight / flight
Secreted in response to stimulation by sympathetic nerve
Functions : Increases heart beat ,Increase Pupilary dilation ,Piloerection ,Sweating,Increase strength of heart contraction & rate of respiration , Breakdown of glycogen resulting in an increased concentration of glucose in blood, Breakdown of lipids & proteins,Increase Blood pressure,Increase blood supply to the extrimities
ADRENAL MEDULLA
They modulate the functioning of every tissues , organ , glands
Have important effects on the way you think and feel
Enable your body to deal with stress from every possible source , ranging from injury and disease
To keep your body’s reactions to stress in balance so that they are appropriate and not harmful
CONCLUSION