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What are standards?

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Before Standardization

• c. 3000 BC – c. 1500 BC Indus Valley Civilization

– First to develop uniform weights and measures

• c. 80–70 BC – c. 15 BC Marcus Vitruvius Pollio – ‘The first engineer’

• 1215 Magna Carta– Clause 35 established consistent measures

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The Birth of Standardization

• Industrial Revolution• 1841 – Sir Joseph Whitworth • 1850 onwards – The birth of the railways• 1895 – Henry Skelton• 1901 – Sir John Wolfe-Barry

Image: Tom Curtis /

FreeDigitalPhotos.net

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History of BSI

1900

2010

1946

Founder member of ISO

1929

Granted Royal Charter

1901

Engineering Standards Committee founded in London

1903

Kitemark introducedFirst StandardsBS 1 published

1931

Renamed BSI

1959

First laboratories opened

1964

Founder Member of CEN & CENELEC

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Types of Standard

Low High

ControlTim

eInt’l

Standards

(ISO)

European Standards (EN)

Publicly Available Specifications (PAS)

Private Standards

British Standards (BS)

Corporate Technical Specifications

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• Proposal for new work• Project acceptance• Drafting• Public Comment• Approval• Publication• Review

The Standardization Process

• European standards body• Differences in process• Adoption by Weighted vote

European Committee for

Standardization (CEN)

• International (global) standards body

• One member, one vote.

• Final Draft International Standard

International Organization for Standardization

(ISO)

Picture source: http://www.chinaiceberg.com/about/attachment/berg0013

Standards and

innovative ideas

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Blind, K.., Gauch, S., (2007). “Standardization Benefits Researchers.” Wissenschaftsmanagement Special, 2007 (2), pp. 16-17

Standards and innovative research

Standards in the research and innovation process, by Blind & Gauch

Bakal, M., (2011). Challenges and Opportunities For The Medical Device Industry: Meeting The New IEC 62304 Standard RTC, [online] Available at:<http://rtcmagazine.com/articles/view/102203>.

Bakal’s typical stages both software and hardware teams use for analysis, design, implementation, and testing.

Validation of the innovation

Detailed design

Requirements & architecture

Concept

Building/creating

Integration & testing

Launch

Operation & maintenance

Terminology

Measurement

Measurement

Design

Testing

Compatibility

Interface

Product Specific

QualityNew Standards?

Tim

e

15

Testing• Snapshot in time• Susceptible to

golden sampling• “The sample

submitted complied with the requirements of EN XXXX”

Certification• More than just a

test or quality control system

• Many certification and testing bodies in the UK

• UKAS (United Kingdom Accreditation Service)

Testing and Certification

Validation of the innovation

Detailed Design

Requirements & architecture

Concept

Building/Creating

Integration & testing

Launch

Operation & maintenance

Terminology

Measurement

Measurement

Design

Testing

Compatibility

Interface

Product Specific

QualityNew Standards?

Tim

e

CE Mark

• CE mark demonstrates conformity to essential requirements of all applicable New Approach Directives

• The CE marking is not a quality mark;

• The CE marking is mandatory in the EU;

• BSI cannot give authority to apply the CE marking;

• It is illegal to use the CE marking on a product that is outside the scope of all the New Approach directives.

Kitemark is…• Owned exclusively by BSI• Issued under Licence• A 3rd party voluntary mark of

quality and safety

The Process• Pre-Audit visit • Initial Assessment visit• Type Testing of new product• Scheme Manager reviews,

‘Type Test’ results and initial assessment report

• Award of Kitemark• Continuing assessment visits• Audit testing

CE and the Kitemark®

Type of standard

Example Standards Committee

Terminology BS 6100-3:2007 Building and civil engineering. Vocabulary. Civil engineering. General

B/500/-/1 Terminology

Measurement BS 2856:1973 Precise conversion of inch and metric sizes on engineering drawings

TDW/4 Technical Product Realization

Design BS 8888 Technical product specification (Currently in development)

TDW/4/8 Technical Product Realization - BS 8888 Technical product specification

Interface BS EN ISO 24503:2011 Ergonomics. Accessible design. Tactile dots and bars on consumer products

PH/9 Applied ergonomics

Compatibility BS EN 54-13:2005 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Compatibility assessment of system components

FSH/12/1 Installation and servicing

Testing BS ISO 16269 Statistical interpretation of data

SS/2 Statistical Interpretation of Data

Quality BS EN ISO 9001:2008 Quality management systems. Requirements

QS/1 Quality management and quality assurance procedures

New Standard? Through the Standards Development web portal, anyone can propose a new work item.

Product Specific Standards that would specifically apply to the product or industry the product will service. E.g. Eurocodes.

British Standards Online…

British Standards Online

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Name: Newell Hampson-Jones

Title: Education Sector Representative

Address: BSI

389 Chiswick High RoadLondonW4 4AL

Telephone: 020 8996 7227 / 07767 886 713

Email: newell.hampson-jones@bsigroup.com

Links: www.bsigroup.com / www.bsieducation.org

Contact