82
Fractions Back to Algebra–Ready Review Content.

12 fractions

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: 12 fractions

Fractions

Back to Algebra–Ready Review Content.

Page 2: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers.

pq

Fractions

Page 3: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers.

pq

Fractions

36

Page 4: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

pq

Fractions

36

Page 5: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

Fractions

36

Page 6: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

36

Fractions

Page 7: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

The bottom number is the

number of equal parts in the

division and it is called the

denominator.

36

Fractions

Page 8: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

The bottom number is the

number of equal parts in the

division and it is called the

denominator.

36

Fractions

Page 9: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

The bottom number is the

number of equal parts in the

division and it is called the

denominator.

The top number “3” is the

number of parts that we

have and it is called the

numerator.

36

Fractions

Page 10: 12 fractions

Fractions are numbers of the form (or p/q) where

p, q 0 are whole numbers. Fractions are numbers that

measure parts of whole items.

Suppose a pizza is cut into 6 equal slices and we have 3 of

them, the fraction that represents this quantity is .

pq

36

The bottom number is the

number of equal parts in the

division and it is called the

denominator.

The top number “3” is the

number of parts that we

have and it is called the

numerator.

36

Fractions

3/6 of a pizza

Page 11: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

Page 12: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

How many slices should we cut the pizza into and how do

we do this?

Page 13: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

Cut the pizza into 8 pieces,

Page 14: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

Cut the pizza into 8 pieces, take 5 of them.

Page 15: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

5/8 of a pizza

Cut the pizza into 8 pieces, take 5 of them.

Page 16: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Page 17: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Cut the pizza into 12 pieces,

Page 18: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Cut the pizza into 12 pieces,

Page 19: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Cut the pizza into 12 pieces, take 7 of them.

Page 20: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Cut the pizza into 12 pieces, take 7 of them.

or

Page 21: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

7/12 of a pizza

or

Cut the pizza into 12 pieces, take 7 of them.

Page 22: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Note that or is the same as 1.88

1212

7/12 of a pizza

or

Page 23: 12 fractions

For larger denominators we can use a pan–pizza for

pictures. For example,

58

Fractions

712

5/8 of a pizza

Fact: aa

Note that or is the same as 1.88

1212

= 1 (provided that a = 0.)

7/12 of a pizza

or

Page 24: 12 fractions

FractionsWe may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

Page 25: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

Page 26: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

Page 27: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Page 28: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

Page 29: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Take 3 parts. 100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

Page 30: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Take 3 parts. 100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

3 parts make $75.

So ¾ of $100 is $75.

Page 31: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Take 3 parts. 100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

3 parts make $75.

So ¾ of $100 is $75.

712

Divide 72 people

into 12 equal parts.

Page 32: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Take 3 parts. 100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

3 parts make $75.

So ¾ of $100 is $75.

712

Divide 72 people

into 12 equal parts.

72 ÷ 12 = 6

so each part consists of 6 people,

Page 33: 12 fractions

Fractions

Example A. a. What is ¾ of $100?

We may talk about the fractional amount of a group of items.

To calculate such amounts, we always divide the group into

parts indicated by the denominator, then retrieve the number

of parts indicated by the numerator.

b. Out of an audience of 72 people at a movie, 7/12 of them

like the show very much. How many people is that?

34 Divide $100 into

4 equal parts.

Take 3 parts. 100 ÷ 4 = 25

so each part is $25,

3 parts make $75.

So ¾ of $100 is $75.

712

Divide 72 people

into 12 equal parts.

Take 7 parts.72 ÷ 12 = 6

so each part consists of 6 people,

7 parts make 42 people.

So 7/12 of 92 people is 42 people.

Page 34: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Fractions

Page 35: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . 5

1x1

Fractions

Page 36: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0. 5

1x1

0

x

Fractions

Page 37: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

Page 38: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

Page 39: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0.

Page 40: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Page 41: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions.

Page 42: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions. 1

2=

2

4

Page 43: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions. 1

2=

2

4=

3

6

Page 44: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions.

… are equivalent fractions.1

2=

2

4=

3

6=

4

8

Page 45: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions.

… are equivalent fractions.

The fraction with the smallest denominator of all the

equivalent fractions is called the reduced fraction.

1

2=

2

4=

3

6=

4

8

Page 46: 12 fractions

Whole numbers can be viewed as fractions with denominator 1.

Thus 5 = and x = . The fraction = 0, where x 0.

However, does not have any meaning, it is undefined.

5

1x1

0

xx0

Fractions

The Ultimate No-No of Mathematics:

The denominator (bottom) of a fraction can't

be 0. (It's undefined if the denominator is 0.)

Fractions that represents the same quantity are called

equivalent fractions.

… are equivalent fractions.

The fraction with the smallest denominator of all the

equivalent fractions is called the reduced fraction.

1

2=

2

4=

3

6=

4

8

is the reduced one in the above list.1

2

Page 47: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

ab

ab =

a / c

Fractions

b / c

Page 48: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1,

ab

ab =

a / c

Fractions

b / c

Page 49: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

=a*cb*c

a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Page 50: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Page 51: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 52: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 53: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 54: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 55: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

78/2

54/2

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 56: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

78/2

54/2

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

=39

27

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 57: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

78/2

54/2

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

=39/3

27/3

39

27

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 58: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

78/2

54/2= 13

9 .

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

=39/3

27/3

39

27

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 59: 12 fractions

Factor Cancellation Rule

Given a fraction , then

that is, if the numerator and denominator are divided by the

same quantity c, the result will be an equivalent fraction.

In other words, a common factor of the numerator and the

denominator may be canceled as 1, i.e.

ab

ab =

a / c

ab .

=a*cb*c

=a*cb*c

1

Fractions

b / c

Example B. Reduce the fraction . 7854

78

54=

78/2

54/2= 13

9 .

To reduce a fraction, we keep divide the top and bottom by

common numbers until no more division is possible.

What's left is the reduced version.

=39/3

27/3

or divide both by 6 in one step.

39

27

(Often we omit writing the 1’s after the cancellation.)

Page 60: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

Page 61: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

Page 62: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

Page 63: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Page 64: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 65: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3

3

5=

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 66: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 67: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 68: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3=

1

3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

!?

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 69: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3=

1

3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

!? 2 * 12 * 3

= 1

3

Yes

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 70: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3=

1

3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

!?

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

2 * 12 * 3

= 1

3

Yes

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 71: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3=

1

3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

!?

A fraction whose numerator is the same or more than its

denominator (e.g. ) is said to be improper .

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

3 2

2 * 12 * 3

= 1

3

Yes

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 72: 12 fractions

FractionsOne common mistake in cancellation is to cancel a common

number that is part of an addition (or subtraction) in the

numerator or denominator.

2 + 1

2 + 3= 2 + 1

2 + 3=

1

3

3

5=

This is addition. Can’t cancel!

!?

A fraction whose numerator is the same or more than its

denominator (e.g. ) is said to be improper .

We may put an improper fraction into mixed form by division.

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

3 2

2 * 12 * 3

= 1

3

Yes

A participant in a sum or a difference is called a term.

The “2” in the expression “2 + 3” is a term (of the expression).

The “2” is in the expression “2 * 3” is called a factor.

Terms may not be cancelled. Only factors may be canceled.

Page 73: 12 fractions

23 4

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

Page 74: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. ··

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

Page 75: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 +

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4

Page 76: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

Page 77: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

We may put a mixed number into improper fraction by doing

the reverse via multiplication.

Page 78: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

We may put a mixed number into improper fraction by doing

the reverse via multiplication.

Example C: Put into improper form. 5 3

4

Page 79: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

5 3

4 = 4*5 + 3

4

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

We may put a mixed number into improper fraction by doing

the reverse via multiplication.

Example C: Put into improper form. 5 3

4

Page 80: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

5 3

4 = 4*5 + 3

4

23

4=

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

We may put a mixed number into improper fraction by doing

the reverse via multiplication.

Example C: Put into improper form. 5 3

4

Page 81: 12 fractions

23 4

23 4 = 5 with remainder 3. Hence, ··

23

4= 5 + 5 3

4 .

5 3

4 = 4*5 + 3

4

23

4=

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

Example C. Put into mixed form.

3

4 =

We may put a mixed number into improper fraction by doing

the reverse via multiplication.

Example C: Put into improper form. 5 3

4

Page 82: 12 fractions

Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers

B. Convert the following improper fractions into mixed

numbers then convert the mixed numbers back to the

improper form.

9

2

11

3

9

4

13

5

37

1286

11

121

171. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Exercise. A. Reduce the following fractions.

46 ,

812 ,

159 ,

2418 ,

3042 ,

5436 ,

6048 ,

72108