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Rational Expressions and Equations
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Rational Expression an algebraic expression that can be written as the quotient of two polynomials.
AB
Numerator
DenominatorWhere B≠0
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AB
Numerator
DenominatorWhere B≠0
Undefined An expression is undefined when its denominator is equal to zero.
Nonpermissible values values of the variable that give a zero (undefined) value for the denominator.
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Example : Find the nonpermissible values
a) 3 b) 2
c) 1 d) x
x 1
( x2 4 ) x 5
6
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More Examples:
e) 2 x + 1
f) 2
g) 5
x2 4
x3
(x 1)3
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Simplifying Rational Expressions (Lowest Terms)
We can simplify rational expressions by:
1) Factoring the numerator and the denominator.
2) Divide out any factors that are common to both the numerator and the denominator.
ie. a) 6 ( 12 )
b) x2 ( x + 1 )
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x ( x + 1 )3_
3) The Expression is simplified or reduced if the numerator and the demoninator have no factors in common except for 1
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Example 2 Simplify and state the nonpermissible values:
a) 2x c) x2 x
b) 3xa2b3 d) a b
4x
6ab______
_______x2 + x 2
_______b2 a2
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Assignment
p 158 questions 118
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