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Charles Humphrey, Jr.
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Introduction to Urban Stormwater Introduction to Urban Stormwater
Charles Humphrey Jr.Area Environmental Agent
North Carolina Cooperative Extension
Charles Humphrey Jr.Area Environmental Agent
North Carolina Cooperative Extension
Water Cycle in Open and Urban Water Cycle in Open and Urban AreasAreas
Urban Stormwater PollutantsUrban Stormwater Pollutants Common Stormwater Best Common Stormwater Best
Management PracticesManagement Practices SummarySummary
Percolation
Water CycleWater Cycle
Water CycleWater Cycle
Urban Water CycleUrban Water Cycle
What is a Watershed?What is a Watershed?
(Osmond, 2000)
Intended Uses of Intended Uses of Water ResourcesWater Resources
SwimmingSwimming BoatingBoating FishingFishing Drinking water for Drinking water for
humanshumans Drinking water for Drinking water for
animalsanimals Aquatic life habitatAquatic life habitat
Stormwater Stormwater Pollutants/ConcernsPollutants/Concerns
Nutrients- nitrogen and phosphorus can lead to
eutrophication and fish kills
Sediment- clogs drainage ways,
clouds rivers and degrades aquatic
habitat
Bacteria- public health risk, can lead to closure of fishing areas and loss of revenue
Over 1150 acres of NC shellfish waters have been closed since 1990 mostly due to stormwater runoff
Water- flash floodsWater- flash floods
Stormwater RegulationsStormwater Regulations
Address water quantity and water Address water quantity and water quality leaving developed sitesquality leaving developed sites Water quantity- design practices to Water quantity- design practices to
detain first 1” to 3.5” of stormwater detain first 1” to 3.5” of stormwater from sitefrom site
Water quality- reduce transport of Water quality- reduce transport of nutrients and sediment to receiving nutrients and sediment to receiving waterswaters
Stormwater Best Stormwater Best Management Practices Management Practices
(BMPs)(BMPs)
Types of Structural Types of Structural BMPsBMPs
Wet Ponds Stormwater Wetlands Bio-retention Areas/ Rain
Gardens Permeable Pavement Riparian Buffers Water Management and
Conservation
Wet PondsWet Ponds
InletsInlets
ForebayForebay
MicropoolMicropool
OutletOutlet
Aquatic Shelf Aquatic Shelf
Wet PondsWet Ponds
Stormwater WetlandsStormwater Wetlands
Stormwater WetlandsStormwater Wetlands
Stormwater WetlandsStormwater Wetlands
Bio-retention/Rain GardensBio-retention/Rain Gardens
InletInlet
Bio-retention/Rain GardensBio-retention/Rain Gardens
Permeable PavementsPermeable Pavements
Riparian BuffersRiparian BuffersRiparian BuffersRiparian Buffers
Water Management and Conservation
Water Management and Conservation
Pump StationPump Station
3,000 GallonCistern 3,000 GallonCistern
NestNest
Water Management and Conservation
Water Management and Conservation
NestNest
Water level indicatorWater level indicatorSpigotSpigot
SummarySummary Urban water cycleUrban water cycle
Less infiltration, more runoffLess infiltration, more runoff Stormwater transported pollutantsStormwater transported pollutants
Stormwater PollutantsStormwater Pollutants NutrientsNutrients SedimentSediment BacteriaBacteria WaterWater
Stormwater BMPsStormwater BMPs WetpondsWetponds WetlandsWetlands Bio-retention / Rain GardensBio-retention / Rain Gardens Permeable PavementsPermeable Pavements BuffersBuffers Water HarvestingWater Harvesting
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Dr. Bill HuntDr. Bill Hunt Dr. Deanna OsmondDr. Deanna Osmond Dr. Greg JenningsDr. Greg Jennings Bill LordBill Lord Mitch WoodwardMitch Woodward Dwane JonesDwane Jones