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Presentation at Kiscoms Macedonia 2012
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The use of oral anesthetics in
Albanian society
Geralda HIMOLLARI*
Dr.Sh. Edlira BARUTI**
Cocaina Niemann 1859 Ester
Benzocaina Salkowski 1895 Ester
Procaina Einhorn 1904 Ester
Tetracaina Eisler 1928 Ester
Lidocaina Lofgren 1941 Amid
Cloroprocaina Marks, Rubin 1949 Ester
Mepivacaina Ekenstam 1956 Amid
Bupivacaina Ekenstam 1957 Amid
Ropivacaina Sandberg 1989 Amid
Profarma Lidocaine Profarma-Tirana 1960 Amid
The History of anesthetics
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Index:
1. PUSC – Public Universitary Stomatological Clinics
2. PL - Profarma Lidocaine
3. DAC– Derivates available in cartidges
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Universitary Clinics of Tirana
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The reasons for its use
PUSC
• The low cost
• The same pharmacological properties as other solutions in glass confections,
• Being satisfied with its use over time and the lack of information regarding the new scientific data
Non-PUSC
• The fact that they are the newest products released in the dental international market
• Their good anesthetic properties, their safety and also the possession of more financial sources.
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PL DACI-st Age
categories 20% 80%II-nd Age
categories 16.6% 83.4%III-st Age
categories 80% 20%
Saranda (16 clinics)04/12/23
G.HIMOLLARI*E.BARUTI**
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The reasons for its use
PL
• The patient can’t pay for the services• Good anesthetic properties• Good results concluded • The geographic distance
DAC• The newest products released in the
dental international market• Good anesthetic properties• More safety • Less painful
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PL DACI-st Age
categories 12.5% 87.5%
II-nd Age categories
10.8% 89.2%
III-st Age categories
67.8% 32.2%
Tirana (90 clinics)04/12/23
G.HIMOLLARI*E.BARUTI**
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The reasons for its use
PL
• The patient can’t pay for the services• Their good anesthetics properties and
results • Investing in Albanian industry (Profarma)
DAC• Less painful• Their safety • The newest products released in the
dental international market• Good anesthetic properties
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PL DACI-st Age
categories 16.25% 83.75%
II-nd Age categories 13.7% 86.3%
III-st Age categories 73.9% 26.1%
Total 31.15% 68.85%
In total 106 clinics (Sr+Tr)
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Conclusions:04/12/23
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The reasons for its use
PL
• Lower cost
• The same pharmacological properties
• Good results
• Investment in Albanian Industry
• The geographic distance
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The reasons for its use
• The newest products released in the dental international market
• Good anesthetic properties,
• Less painful
• Their safety
• The possession of more financial sources.
DAC
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G.HIMOLLARI*E.BARUTI** 13
Damaged tin, but allcartridges survived
