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Presented to
Mr. Rashid MinhasProject Marketing
University of Central Punjab Lahore
Presented ByMuzammal Hussain
Roll no. 0028
Road MapBeverages
Demography
Geography
Culture
Life Style
What is Demography?
Demography is the study of human populations (their
size, composition and distribution across place, and the
process through which populations change.
Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big three’ of
demography, jointly producing population stability or
change
Demographic Dimensions•Important operational dimensions for understanding market segments and developing marketing mixes
– Much good data is available
•Important for determining size of consumer target markets
– Is the market substantial?
•Seeing demographic trends helps identify opportunities
– Shifts in age distribution– Geographic growth/decline
Demography Of Pakistan
NationalityPakistaniEthnic groupsPunjabi 44.68%, Pashtu (Pathan) 15.42%, Sindhi 14.1%, Sariaki 8.38%, Muhajirs 7.57%, Balochi 3.57%, other 6.28%ReligionsMuslim 95% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 5%
Population on Mar 18, 2012 179019103 Age structure0-14 years: 35.4% (male 34,093,853/female 32,278,462) 15-64 years: 60.4% (male 58,401,016/female 54,671,873) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 3,739,647/female 4,157,870)Median agetotal: 21.6 years male: 21.5 years female: 21.6 years
Population growth rate1.573% Birth rate24.81 births/1,000 population Death rate6.92 deaths/1,000 population Net migration rateNet mi-2.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population
Demography Of Pakistan
LanguagesPunjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Saraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 49.9% male: 63% female: 36% (2005 est.) Education expenditures2.7% of GDP (2009)Health expenditures2.6% of GDP (2009)
Urbanizationurban population: 36% of total population(2010) . rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)Gender ratioat birth: 1.05 male/female under 15 years: 1.06 male/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male/female total population: 1.07 male/female (2011 est.
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 65.99 years male: 64.18 years female: 67.9 years (2011 est.)HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate0.1% (2009 est.)People living with HIV/AIDS 98,000 (2009 est.)
Demography Of Pakistan
Geography in PakistanPepsi Cola Factory, Sindh located in Pakistan, more detail is as below
Place•Name : Pepsi Cola Factory•ASCII Name : Pepsi Cola Factory•Alternate Names : Pepsi Cola Factory•Feature Class : P (City, Village, ...)•Feature Code : PPLX (section of populated place)•Country Code : PK•Country Code 3 : PAK•Country/Region : Pakistan•Admin 1 Code : 05 (Sindh)
Other Information•Population : 0•Digital Elevation Model : 22•Timezone : Asia/Karachi (+5.00)•Modification Date : 2012-01-21•Geoname ID : 7923015•Latitude : 25.38•Longitude : 68.39
PepsiCo, Inc.Consumer products giant focusing on convenient snacks, foods & beveragesFortune 100 company Over 143,000 employees worldwideFounded in 1965 via merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-LayTropicana acquired in 1998Merged with Quaker in 2001 2002 Net Sales of $25 Billion
2002 Operating profits of $5.3 Billion2002 EPS growth of +26%+13% earnings growth or better for the past 15 quarters15 brands that each generate over $1 billion in sales annually
New YorkFloridaChicago Shelf Stable
PepsiCo Beverages & Foods-Pakistan Pakistan Foods: Quaker oatmeal, ready-to-eat cereals, rice and pasta side dishes, pancake mixes and syrupSports/Fitness Beverages: Gatorade and PropelConvenience Foods: Quaker granola bars, Crispums, cereal barsShelf Stable Beverages: Tropicana Twister, Tropicana Juice Blends
Our employees value the freedom to act - that is a core part of our informal work environment. The absence of hierarchy means that the ability to create effective relationships is a key to success at PepsiCo.
Culture of Shared Principles
LifestyleFun, high energy cultureTalented, diverse workforce Company-subsidized fitness centerHeadquarters located in downtown pakistan
Quality People We have world-class people at every level, in
every division, in every country contributing to our success every day.
Accounting and/or Finance majors (cumulative GPA > 3.0/4.0)
Finance majors must complete a minimum of 12-15 hours of accounting courses, including intermediate accounting
Solid financial and technical skills Good interpersonal skills
Differences in CultureSocieties’ differ along cultural dimensionsWhat is culture?How/why do social structure, religion, language influence cultural differences?What are differences between culture and values in the workplace (corporate culture)?Culture changes over time. What are some reasons behind this?Implications for business managers
Cultural Appreciation
Symbols
Customs
Values
Language
Aspects ofculture
What is Culture?Culture: a society’s (group’s) system of shared, learned values and norms; these are the society’s (group’s) design for living
Values: abstract ideas about the good, the right, the desirable Norms: social rules and guidelines; guide appropriate behavior for specific situations
Folkways: norms of little moral significance
dress code; table manners; timeliness
Mores: norms central to functioning of social life
bring serious retribution: thievery, adultery, alcohol
National Culture“Nation” is a useful:
Definition of societysimilarity among people a cause -- and effect -- of national boundaries
Way to bound and measure culture for conduct of business
culture is a key characteristic of societcan differ significantly across national borders
also within national borderslaws are established along national lines
Culture is both a cause and an effect of economic and political factors that vary across national borders
Religion: system of shared beliefs about the sacredEthical systems: moral principles or values that shape and guide behavior; often products of religionMajor religious groups and some economic implications
Christianity protestant work ethicIslam Islamic economic principlesHinduism anti-materialistic, socially stratifiedBuddhism anti-materialistic, social equalityConfucianism hierarchy, loyalty, honesty
Religion, Ethics and Culture
Language: Culture BoundLanguage, spoken
“private” does not exist as a word in many languages
Eskimos: 24 words for snowWords which describe moral concepts can be
unique to countries or areasSpoken language precision important in low-
context culturesLanguage, unspoken
Context... more important than spoken word in high context cultures
Education and CultureEducation
Medium through which people are acculturatedLanguage, “myths,” values, norms taughtTeaches personal achievement and competitionCritical to national competitive advantage
Education system may be a cultural outcome
Culture and the workplace Finds national culture dimensions meaningful to businessBasis:
Work related values not universalNational values may persist over MNC efforts to create
corporate cultureHome country values often used to determine HQ policiesMNC may create morale problems with uniform moral norms
Purpose: understanding of business situations across-culturesMUST understand own culture AND other culture(s)
Geert Hofstede – sampled 100,000 IBM employees 1963-1973
Compared employee attitudes and values across 40 countries
Isolated 4 dimensions summarizing culture:1. Power distance2. Individualism vs. collectivism3. Uncertainty avoidance4. Masculinity vs. feminity
Cultural Change Over TimeChange is slow and often painfulShifts away from “traditional values” towards “secular values”Changes with shift from “survival values” to “self-expression values”
Geographic and cultural (or pshychic) distance among countries may not be the sameKey concept which can affect IB strategy and conduct
Cultural Distance
Any Question ?Any Question ?Any Question ?
Think DifferentStay Hungry, Stay Foolish.