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Zero emission logistics with hydrogen heavy duty trucks
Presentation at the A3PS Conference 2017 ‘Applied Advanced Propulsion Systems’
Rolf Huber, Chairman, H2 Energy AG, Zürich-Glattbrugg
Vienna, November 10th, 2017
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Decarbonization is a worldwide initiative and will happen
Actual and planned greenhouse gas emissions for transportation segment In MtCO2
77
10
41
21
42
26
38
158
198
226
120
118
148
183
Mexico
Canada
Japan
UK
Italy
France
Germany
• Average projected greenhouse gas savings of more than 77% by 2050
• World-wide initiative • Primary focus on heavy consumers
necessary • Are these objectives realistic? • Implementation plan?
-80%
-83%
-64%
-82%
-82%
-95%
-51%
Source: DDPP, Pathways to deep decarbonization for several countries, 2015 reports
Emissions 2010, act.
Emissions 2050, plan
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Trucks and buses emitting more CO2 than cars Example USA US greenhouse gas emissions per unit and transportation category In tCO2 per unit/vehicle
• Replacing fossils for aircrafts is a challenge
• Second biggest categories to focus on are trucks and buses
• ‘Tesla’ will not safe the planet: trucks & buses account for an equivalent amount of CO2 emissions
Source: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA-420-F-17-013, July 2017
0.4
2.8
4.0
6.1
22.3
37.0
Motorcycles
Ships and Boats
Passenger Cars
Light-Duty Trucks
Buses
Med.- and HD-trucks
Aircrafts 740.9
Passenger cars
Trucks & Buses
Aircrafts
Others
42.9%
43.0%
9.1% 5.1%
100%=1’769 MtCO2
US split of CO2 emission by transportation category In MtCO2
+15%
+32%
Diff. 1990 vs. 2015
-15%
-5%
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Hydrogen is only viable non fossil alternative for long-haul trucks
Current drive-trains
Drive-trains/engines
Internal comb. engine
Fuel
Synthetic fuel
Synthetic gas
BioDiesel (never 100%)
Hybrid
Electric engine
Diesel
Propane
Natural gas, methanol
Renewable fuels
w/o Plug-in
with Plug-in
Battery
Hydrogen
Fossil
• Availability • Quality
Cost
Cost
• Payload
Only renewable alternative for long-haul truck operators
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Payload of only one ton for 400km battery electric truck Calculation Coop H2 truck
Chassis/platform 57% 57% 60%
3% 3% 4%
34%
8%
6%
32% 36%
Battery Hydrogen Diesel
Engine/gear drive
Battery/ fuel cell system
Payload
Weight calculation for 18/19 ton heavy duty rigid vehicle with standard platform and drive train In Percent
• On May 7, 2017 federal council of Switzerland allows one additional ton of payload for electrified trucks
• Without this decision the battery truck would have zero payload left
• Hydrogen with comparable payload
100%=19to 100%=19to 100%=18to
Page 6 Quelle: emvalley.com
Main reasons for additional weight of battery packs: • Cooling • Holder • Controlling & monitoring
systems • etc.
Despite improvement of gravimetric weight for cells total weight of battery pack not reduced sufficiently
0
25
50
75
100
2010 2012 2014 2016
Battery cells Battery packs Battery weight per watt hour
Development since 2010, in percent (starting point approx. 100Wh/Kg)
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No serial OEM production of H2 trucks, despite the fact hydrogen being the only solution for decarbonizing trucks Truck OEMs Brands
Volvo Trucks, Mack Trucks, DU Trucks, Renault Trucks Mercedes-Benz, Sterling Trucks, Western Star, Freightliner Trucks, Unimog, Mitsubishi Fuso Dongfeng (JVs mit Kia, Honda, Nissan) Scania, MAN, Volkswagen Iveco Tata, Daewoo
Inhouse fuel cell technology Not available Available Not available Not available Not available Not available
Perceived interest in hydrogen (status 2017) High Unclear Very high Unclear Very high Very high
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World wide innovation: Coop 34t truck with trailer Potential to fully substitute diesel drive trains
Composition Load volume: 30 transport units (normally 33)
Cooling system Underneath, right, electric supply of trailer cooling system
Electric engine Synchronic engine 250KW constant, Allison 4 gear automatic
Battery Total 120kWh (2x60 kWh), left and right in front of back axes
Electric plug-in Left side, 2 x 22kW charging performance, plug: 63A, 400VAC, only on weekends
Fuel cell system 100kW
H2 dispenser 350 bar high flow Left to cabin
Chassis MAN TGS
H2 refilling system 7 x 4.93 = 34.5 kgH2 gross è pay load 31 kg H2
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Coop hydrogen system – closing the energy cycle
Coop hydrogen refueling station offers hydrogen to it’s customers
Run-of-the-river-plant delivers renewable energy
H2 Energy’s electrolyzer transforms water and renewable energy into hydrogen
H2 Energy’s hydrogen trailer stores and delivers hydrogen
Hydrogen Coop trucks convert hydrogen into electricity and water vapor; on board electricity then feeds electric engine; water vapor transitions into rain and feeds the run-of-the-river-plant
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Functioning H2 Energy hydrogen production plant, Coop HRS and fuel cell truck
Coop HRS with H2 Energy Trailer in the background
H2 Energy electrolyzer and trailer refilling station
Coop fuel cell truck
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Key findings
• Hydrogen technology works, is safe and ready
• Fuel cell technology underrated (especially for trucks & buses)
• Compared with passenger cars, trucks and buses produce equivalent or even higher amounts of CO2
• Coop truck able to fully replace diesel trucks with no restrictions on payload, range, refueling time and external energy consumption (cooling, etc.)
• Truck OEM’s needed to make chance happen, extremely high interest from Asian truck OEM’s for hydrogen
• Further advantages of technology − Fuel cell trucks boosting H2 infrastructure for passenger cars − Hydrogen could help boosting image for truck industry