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1 NOKIA 2002 3GPP2 Wideband Codec Presentation
W-VRM: Wideband Variable-RateMulti-Mode Speech Codec for 3GPP2
Mitch Tseng, Ph.D.Nokia
January 21, 2002
3GPP2 TSG-S (Seoul, Korea) S00-20020121-006
Copyright 3GPP2 2002
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Topics
Wideband Speech Background
Codec Evolution
AMR-WB: Wideband Speech in 3GPP & ITU
W-VRM: Wideband Speech in 3GPP2 Audio Demonstration
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WIDEBAND SPEECH:
BACKGROUND MATERIAL
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WHAT IS WIDEBAND SPEECH?
The status quo narrowband speech codecs including PCMprovide a voice bandwidth of 300 Hz~3.4 kHz.
A wideband codec operates at a 16 kHz sampling rate and
provides a voice bandwidth of 50 Hz~7 kHz.
More bandwidth, both at the upper end and the lower end.
7 kHz3.4 kHz
Status Quo (PCM) Wideband
50 Hz 300 Hz
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WHY WIDEBAND SPEECH?
Current mobile systems and fixed line telephone networks offeronly narrowband speech services (~300-3400 Hz)
Recent advances in speech coding have made wideband codingfeasible in bit-rates applicable to mobile systems
Wideband provides superior quality over narrowband telephony
Increased naturalness (lowend)
Better fricativedifferentiation (high end)-> higher intelligibility
Increased presence-> feeling of transparentcommunication
Increased comfort
Easier speaker recognition
NarrowbandSpeech
300-3400Hz
Wideban
dSpeech
50-70
00Hz
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DEMONSTRATION: NARROWBANDVS WIDEBAND SPEECH
Experiencingthe Paradigm Shift
in End-to-End Voice Quality
300 Hz - 3.4 kHz
50 Hz - 7 kHzVoice Quality
NarrowbandMale
Speech
NarrowbandFemaleSpeech
WidebandFemaleSpeech
WidebandMale
Speech
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WHY WIDEBAND SPEECH NOW? Competitive Issues
A voice quality that is superior to the status quo and will sell in thefuture
All narrowband codecs today provide near-landline quality
(Squeezing the limit of PCM) Wideband codec voice quality far exceeds landline quality Challenge from Voice over IP
Worldwide Wideband Codec Efforts ITU G.722 for Multimedia Applications
3GPP Wideband AMR, multi-rate, each rate fixed with VAD/DTX
ITU-G.722.1: ITU Wideband Codec for Voice and Multimedia 3GPP AMR-WB = ITU-G.722.2
Our Objective To standardize a Multi-mode, Variable Rate Bandwidth-Efficient
Wideband Codec that fits in the CDMA2000 Rate Set 2
environment and can interoperate with other Wideband Codecs
ITU, 3GPP
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WIRELESS SPEECH CODEC
EVOLUTION WITH A LOOK AT THEFUTURE
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EVOLUTION OF WIRELESS SPEECHCODECS
IS-96A
Rate-Set I
1993 FR
13 kbps
1989
3GPP2:Variable RateSpeech Coding
3GPP:Fixed RateSpeech CodingWith VAD/DTX
QCELP13Rate-Set II
1994
EVRC
Rate-Set I
1995
SMVMultimodeRate-Set I
2001
HR
5.6 kbps
1995
EFR
12.2 kbps1996
AMR-NB
Multi-Rate
1999
3GPP/ITUAMR-WBMulti-Rate
2000-2001
W-VMRRate-Set II
Common Mode
Of Operation(Interoperable Mode)
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STATE-OF-THE-ART:VARIABLE RATE MULTI-MODE CODING
Increasing Average Data Rate
IncreasingVoiceQuality
Mode 2
Mode 1
SMV
Mode 0
EVRC
Quality/data rate curves
Narrowband Codecs
Mode 3
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11 NOKIA 2002 3GPP2 Wideband Codec Presentation
VARIABLE RATE MULTI-MODEWIDEBAND SPEECH CODING
Increasing Average Data Rate
IncreasingVoiceQuality Mode 3
Mode 2
Wideband Codec
Mode 0
Quality/data rate curve
Mode 1
Rate Set 2Upper Limit
QCELP13
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3GPP2 CODECS: QUALITY AND CAPACITY
Increasing ADR
IncreasingVoice
Quality
QCELP13
SMVMode 0
EVRCSMV
Mode 3
SMVMode 2
SMVMode 1
Rate-Set IIRate-Set I
W-VRM
Mode 2W-VRMMode 3
W-VRMMode 1
W-VRMMode 0
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AMR-WB: WIDEBAND SPEECH
FOR 3GPP AND ITU
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THE AMR WIDEBAND CODECSTANDARD
3GPP approved the Adaptive Multi Rate WideBand(AMR-WB) codec standard in March 2001
In July 2001 AMR-WB was adopted as the new ITU-Twideband standard
First codec to be used both for wireless and wirelineservices: No transcoding between wireless and wirelinesystems
-> no loss of quality in the interconnection Simplifies the implementation of global wideband
speech services
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15 NOKIA 2002 3GPP2 Wideband Codec Presentation
W-VRM: WIDEBAND VARIABLE-RATEMULTI-MODE SPEECH CODEC FOR
3GPP2
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W-VRM FOR 3GPP2: OVERVIEW
Proposed Codec is Ideal for 3GPP2 Applications: Less Complex than SMV (Lower Complexity and Lower Memory)
Same Algorithmic Delay as SMV with 20ms frame structure
Multi-mode, Variable Rate Codec functionally similar to SMV
Variable Rate to Provide Better Bandwidth Efficiency
Comparable Voice Quality with ITU/3GPP Wideband Codec
Provides Superb End-to-End Voice Quality at Rate Set2 and at QCELP13 Capacity
Suitable for 3GPP2 TFO and VoIP Applications
Interoperable with new ITU/3GPP Wideband Codec A Multi-mode Codec Functionally Similar to SMV
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W-VRM: PROPOSED REQUIREMENTS
Input sampling rate @ 16 kHz and audio bandwidth 50-7000 Hz
Frame size 20 ms
Multi-mode and variable-rate wideband coding system
Full compliance with IS-95/cdma2000 rate-set II in allmodes
No physical layer changes required.
Four modes of operation Mode 0: Worldwide Interoperable Mode Mode 1: Premium mode (Quality)
Mode 2: Standard mode (IS-733 ADR equivalence) Mode 3: Economy mode (Capacity)
Algorithmic delay less than 35 ms
Computational complexity less than SMV
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W-VRM Interoperable Mode
Mode 0(12.65kbps) Mode 0(12.65kbps)
OthersOthers
OtherModes
OtherModes
WB-VRMWB-VRM
WB-AMRWB-AMR
WCDMA
CDMA2000
Interoperable
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W-VRM Standardization
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W-VRM: APPLICATIONS
Tandem-Free Mobile-to-Mobile callsWideband speech codec can be used for transparent-networkmobile-to-mobile calls.
Wideband telephony over packet networks (Mobile-to-IP)The intrinsic bandlimited nature of the current PSTN and wireless
systems can be overcome through the use of IP networks. Teleconferencing
Wideband coding can further improve the quality of service forwireless/wireline teleconferencing systems beyond of what can be
achieved through the use of narrowband codecs.
Wireless MultimediaThere are a multitude of wireless multimedia applications such asstreaming and broadcasting that can benefit from the advantagesoffered by wideband speech coding.
Rate Set 2, Tandem Free and IP are the Keys
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W-VRM: STANDARDIZATION ASPECTSProposed Schedule
1Q 2002: Approval of the work item. Definition of thehigh-level requirements.
2Q 2002: Final definition of the requirements and
approval of the test plan for the wideband speech codec. 3Q 2002: Characterization and standardization of the
wideband codec and completion of the baselinespecifications.
Recommend TSG-S to approve the work item and Stage 1so that the Voice Services group (TSG-C WG1 SWG1) canstart the work ASAP.
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SUMMARY 3GPP and ITU Have Standardized a Common
Wideband Speech Codec wireless and wireline applications easily the best as the competition proved
3GPP2 Has the Opportunity to Harmonize Via
Our Own Wideband Speech Codec with aCommon Mode of Operation AMR-WB 12.65 mode = W-VRM Mode 0 other modes use variable-rate coding to furtherenhance system capacity
Work Item Initially Supported by Bell Mobility,Sprint PCS, SK Telecom, KT Freetel, ALLTELand Nokia.