8/19/2019 What is the Best Price for Per Unit of Waste Collected Given That Main Object is to Increase Recycling
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What is the best price for per unit of waste collected given that main
object is to increase recycling and the advantage of this program.
As the city of Toronto embark on a next educational campaign to help communicate to
residents in apartments and condos about the importance of proper sorting, disposal and
diversion. This paper is to show by applying the appropriate price per unit of waste
collect the city can drastically increase the desire to recycle. According to the city of
Toronto website in 2012, residents living in singlefamily homes had a diversion rate of
!!" while those living in multiresidential buildings achieved a rate of only 2#", for a
combined diversion rate of $2". %ased on this information its safe to say that a better
alternative is needed.
To establish whether something is a resource or &ust garbage, to be disposed of at the
lowest possible cost, including costs to the environment. The answer comes down to
price. 'f someone will pay you for the item, it(s a resource. )r, if you can use the item to
make something else people want, and do it at lower price or higher *uality than you
could without that item, then the item is also a resource. %ut if you have to pay someone
to take it, then the item is garbage. This is the ma&or problem with recycling the price and
the cost is vague.
8/19/2019 What is the Best Price for Per Unit of Waste Collected Given That Main Object is to Increase Recycling
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+ig. 1. The arginal utility for recycling in Toronto
The citi-ens of Toronto have a low utility to recycle. elying on their morals alone will
not change this. This is where the pay as throw will help. Traditionally, residents pay for
waste collection through property taxes or a fixed fee, regardless of how much/or how
little/trash they generate. ayAsouthrow AT3 breaks with tradition by treating
trash services &ust like electricity, gas, and other utilities. 4ouseholds pay a variable rate
depending on the amount of service they use. The AT works off the principle that the
polluters internali-e the cost of the garbage they produce.
8/19/2019 What is the Best Price for Per Unit of Waste Collected Given That Main Object is to Increase Recycling
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+ig 2. 5upply and 6emand curve for garbage
The city faces a demand and supply curve like the one listed above for garbage. 7here
the *uantity is the amount of garbage collected. 8iven that that city is face with this
demand curve and the main goal of the government is to reduce garbage collection thus
increase recycling. The *uestion is what is the best price9
'f the city chose a price for the per unit waste collect that is very low 13 then the amount
of garbage collected would be high :1. The reason for this is that it doesn;t cost much to
throw away the garbage so why would Torontonians be motivated to recycle. %ase on the
diagram as the price increase the amount of garbage collected decreases. 7hen setting
the price per container there are few costs that need to be considered these are the
administrative, collection, disposal and material handling cost. The administration cost
includes public outreach, enforcement, and billing and customer service. <ollection costs
include collecting trash and recyclables, as well as labor and e*uipment costs and
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contract payments. 6isposal and material handling fee include fees for landfill disposal or
waste combustion and costs for materials recovery facilities. To arrive at the optimum
cost per container you need to have an estimate of these costs for the year and the also an
estimate of the total garbage that will be collected for the year. %ase on this the optimum
price will be selected. This will lead to an increase in recycling. The price must be fair so
that they are willing to pay to throw away their garbage. Also the law must me fully
enforce and monitor to prevent illegal dumping.
4ouseholds that desire to minimi-e waste disposal costs in a AT pricing regime may
reduce the amount of waste generated, dump its trash unlawfully or participate in the
local recycling and yard waste collection programs. 4ouseholds also may reduce the
amount of waste disposed by reusing certain items or by changing purchasing behavior.
+or example, they might buy fewer discretionary items products that have less packaging,
or purchase more products that have recyclable packaging #3. 4ouseholds also may
recycle more of the materials that are included in local collection programs.
Appling a pay as you throw system will be met with some resistance. Theses include=
• 'llegal dumping
• AT is regressive>lowincome resident feel greater impact
• )verstuffing of containers
• ?ack of support from private waste hauler
These problems can be solve by educating the residents about the program and develop
an enforcement plan. +or low income family you can offer them rebates, coupons or
discounts. To minimi-e over weight set the weight limit for the containers. As for the
hauler get them involve in the planning process.
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7ith increase in recycling the city will be able to prolong the life of existing landfills and
postpone the need to locate new disposal facilities. ollution would be reduced from the
extraction of raw materials.
'f the city of Toronto really want to increase it recycling program they best option is to
invest in AT program. This will only achieve it ob&ective if the best price is select that
take into consideration all the factors such as the administrative, collection, disposal and
material handling cost
Reference
8/19/2019 What is the Best Price for Per Unit of Waste Collected Given That Main Object is to Increase Recycling
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1. %auer, 5cott and arie ?ynn iranda. 1@@!. The urban performance of unit
pricing= Ananalysis of variable rates for residential garbage collection in urban
areas. eport prepared for the )ffice of olicy, lanning, and valuationB The
C.5. nvironmental rotection Agency.2. %urgiel, Donathan and aymond andall. 1@@E. Fational unitbased pricing
survey results. http=>>www.epa.gov>payt>paytsurv.wpd
3. <anterbury, Danice. 1@@E. 4ow to succeed with pay as you throw. %io<ycle G@.
no.12= G0G$.
4. breo, AngelaB Dames 4ersheyB Doanne Hining. 1@@@. educing solid waste=
?inkingrecycling to environmentally responsible consumerism. nvironment and
%ehavior G1, no. 1= 10I1G$