Warm-Up 5.1
Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:
Champion of Champion of the the
“Common “Common Man”?Man”?
““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860
Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?
Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?
• White male suffrage increasedWhite male suffrage increased
• Party nominating committees.Party nominating committees.
• Voters chose their state’s slate of Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.Presidential electors.
• Spoils system.Spoils system.
• Rise of Third Parties.Rise of Third Parties.
• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)etc.)
• Two-party system returned in the 1832 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:election:
•Dem-Reps Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs Whigs (1832) (1832) Republicans (1854) Republicans (1854)
•Democrats (1828)Democrats (1828)
Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence
Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence
First Known First Known Painting Painting
of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815
First Known First Known Painting Painting
of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815
General Jackson General Jackson During the During the
Seminole WarsSeminole Wars
General Jackson General Jackson During the During the
Seminole WarsSeminole Wars
The “Common Man’s”The “Common Man’s”Presidential CandidatePresidential CandidateThe “Common Man’s”The “Common Man’s”Presidential CandidatePresidential Candidate
Jackson’s Opponents Jackson’s Opponents in 1824in 1824
Jackson’s Opponents Jackson’s Opponents in 1824in 1824
Henry ClayHenry Clay[KY][KY]
John Quincy John Quincy AdamsAdams[MA][MA]
John C. John C. CalhounCalhoun
[SC][SC]
William H. CrawfordWilliam H. Crawford[GA][GA]
Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection
Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection
AA “ “Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??
””
AA “ “Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??
””
Rachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel Jackson
Final Divorce DecreeFinal Divorce Decree
Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife
Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife
1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults
1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults
The Center of Population in The Center of Population in thethe
Country Moves WESTCountry Moves WEST
The Center of Population in The Center of Population in thethe
Country Moves WESTCountry Moves WEST
The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”
The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”
• The Planter Elite in the The Planter Elite in the SouthSouth
• People on the FrontierPeople on the Frontier
• State Politicians – State Politicians – spoils spoils systemsystem
• Immigrants in the cities.Immigrants in the cities.
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common
Man”Man”
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common
Man”Man”• Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” “establishment,” monopolies, & special monopolies, & special privilege.privilege.
• His heart & soul was with His heart & soul was with thethe“plain folk.”“plain folk.”
• Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.
The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”
Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident
Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident
The The “Peggy Eaton Affair”“Peggy Eaton Affair”The The “Peggy Eaton Affair”“Peggy Eaton Affair”
The The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne DebateThe The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne Debate
Sen. Daniel Sen. Daniel WebsterWebster
[MA][MA]
Sen. Robert Sen. Robert
HayneHayne[SC][SC]
1830183018301830 WebsterWebster::
Liberty and Union, now Liberty and Union, now andand forever, one and forever, one and inseparable.inseparable. JacksonJackson:: Our Federal Union—it must Our Federal Union—it must bebe preserved. preserved.
CalhounCalhoun:: The Union, next to our The Union, next to our liberty,liberty, most dear. most dear.
1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict
1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict• 1828 -->1828 --> “Tariff of “Tariff of
Abomination” Abomination”
• 1832 --> new tariff1832 --> new tariff
• South Carolina’s South Carolina’s reactionreaction??
• Jackson’s responseJackson’s response??
• Clay’s “Compromise” Clay’s “Compromise” TariffTariff??
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal• Jackson’s GoalJackson’s Goal??
• 1830 1830 Indian Removal ActIndian Removal Act
• Cherokee Nation v. GACherokee Nation v. GA (1831)(1831) ** “domestic dependent “domestic dependent nation”nation”
• Worcester v. GAWorcester v. GA (1832)(1832)
• Jackson:Jackson: John Marshall has made hisJohn Marshall has made his decision, now let him decision, now let him enforce enforce it! it!
The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820
The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal
Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)
Jackson’s Professed “Love” Jackson’s Professed “Love” forfor
Native AmericansNative Americans
Jackson’s Professed “Love” Jackson’s Professed “Love” forfor
Native AmericansNative Americans
Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power
Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power
VETOVETO1830 1830 Maysville RoadMaysville Road projectproject in KY [state of his in KY [state of his political rival, Henry political rival, Henry Clay] Clay]
The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate
The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate
NicholasNicholasBiddleBiddle
PresidentPresidentJacksonJackson
Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S.B.U.S.
Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S.B.U.S.
“Soft”(paper) $
“Soft”(paper) $
“Hard”(specie) $
“Hard”(specie) $
• state bankers state bankers feltfeltit restrained it restrained theirtheirbanks from banks from issuingissuingbank notes bank notes freely.freely.
• supported rapid supported rapid
economic economic growth growth & speculation.& speculation.
• felt that coin was felt that coin was
the only safethe only safecurrency.currency.
• didn’t like any didn’t like any bankbankthat issued bankthat issued banknotes.notes.
• suspicious of suspicious of expansion &expansion &speculation.speculation.
The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!
The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!
• ““pet banks”pet banks”??
• 1832 1832 Jackson vetoed Jackson vetoed thethe extension of the 2 extension of the 2ndnd National Bank of National Bank of thethe United States. United States.
• 1836 1836 the charter the charter expired.expired.
• 1841 1841 the bank went the bank went bankrupt! bankrupt!
Warm-Up 5.2: Warm-Up 5.2:
The Downfall of “Mother Bank”The Downfall of “Mother Bank”
Warm-Up 5.2: Warm-Up 5.2:
The Downfall of “Mother Bank”The Downfall of “Mother Bank”
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:
““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??
1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults
1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults
MainMainIssueIssue??
The The Specie CircularSpecie Circular (1836)(1836)
The The Specie CircularSpecie Circular (1836)(1836)
• ““wildcat banks.”wildcat banks.”
• buy future federalbuy future federalland only with gold land only with gold ororsilver.silver.
• Jackson’s goalJackson’s goal??
Results of the Specie Results of the Specie CircularCircular
Results of the Specie Results of the Specie CircularCircular
$ Banknotes loose their value.Banknotes loose their value.
$ Land sales plummeted.Land sales plummeted.
$ Credit not available.Credit not available.
$ Businesses began to fail.Businesses began to fail.
$ Unemployment rose.Unemployment rose.
The Panic of 1837!The Panic of 1837!
The 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResultsThe 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResults
Martin Van Martin Van BurenBuren
““Old Old Kinderhook”Kinderhook”
[O. K.][O. K.]
The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!
The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!
Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement
Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement
Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844
(one year before his death)(one year before his death)
Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844
(one year before his death)(one year before his death)
1767 - 18451767 - 1845