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2/12/2015 Vaccines:VPDVAC/Varicella/VaccineEffectivenessandDurationofProtection

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VaricellaVaccineEffectivenessandDurationofProtection

InformationforHealthcareProviders

VaccineEffectivenessOnedose

1doseofsingleantigenvaricellavaccineis85%effectiveatpreventinganyformofvaricellaalmost100%effectiveagainstseverevaricella

Twodoses

Inaprelicensureclinicaltrial,2dosesofvaccinewere98%effectiveatpreventinganyformofvaricella100%effectiveagainstseverevaricella

Inpostlicensurestudies,2dosesofvaccinewere88%to98%effectiveatpreventingallvaricella

InChildrenwithHIVinfection

1doseofsingleantigenvaricellavaccineis82%effectiveatpreventinganyformofvaricella

DurationofProtectionItisnotknownhowlongavaccinatedpersonisprotectedagainstvaricella.But,livevaccinesingeneralprovidelonglastingimmunity.

Severalstudieshaveshownthatpeoplevaccinatedagainstvaricellahadantibodiesforatleast10to20yearsaftervaccination.But,thesestudiesweredonebeforethevaccinewaswidelyusedandwheninfectionwithwildtypevaricellawasstillverycommon.Acasecontrolstudyconductedfrom1997to2003showedthat1doseofvaricellavaccinewas97%effectiveinthefirstyearaftervaccinationand86%effectiveinthesecondyear.Fromthesecondtoeighthyearaftervaccination,thevaccineeffectivenessremainedstableat81to86%.Mostvaccinatedchildrenwhodevelopedvaricelladuringthe8yearsaftervaccinationhadmilddisease.(1)Aclinicaltrialshowedthatchildrenwith2dosesofvaricellavaccinewereprotected10yearsafterbeingvaccinated.Fewerpeoplehadbreakthroughvaricellaafter2dosescomparedwith1dose.Theriskofbreakthroughvaricelladidnotincreaseovertime.(2)

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(1)VzquezM,LaRussaPS,GershonAA,NiccolaiLM,MuehlenbeinCE,SteinbergSP,ShapiroED.Effectivenessovertimeofvaricellavaccine.JAMA.2004Feb18291(7):8515.

(2)KuterB,MatthewsH,ShinefieldH,BlackS,DennehyP,WatsonB,etal.Tenyearfollowupofhealthychildrenwhoreceivedoneortwoinjectionsofvaricellavaccine.PediatrInfectDisJ.200423:1327.

References

ShapiroED,VazquezM,EspositoD,HolabirdN,SteinbergSP,DziuraJ,etal.Effectivenessof2dosesofvaricellavaccineinchildren(http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/203/3/312.long)(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).JInfectDis.2011Feb203(3):3125.SonM,ShapiroED,LaRussaP,NeuN,MichalikDE,MeglinM,etal.EffectivenessofvaricellavaccineinchildreninfectedwithHIV(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Effectiveness%20of%20varicella%20vaccine%20in%20children%20infected%20with%20HIV)(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).JInfectDis.2010Jun15201(12):180610.GouldPL,LeungJ,ScottC,SchmidDS,DengH,LopezA,etal.AnoutbreakofvaricellainelementaryschoolchildrenwithtwodosevaricellavaccinerecipientsArkansas,2006(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19593254) (http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).PediatrInfectDisJ.2009Aug28(8):67881.MarinM,MeissnerHC,SewardJF.VaricellapreventionintheUnitedStates:areviewofsuccessesandchallenges(http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/122/3/e744.long)(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).Pediatrics.2008Sep122(3):e74451.Review.SewardJF,MarinM,VasquezM.VaricellavaccineeffectivenessintheUnitedStatesvaccinationprogram:areview(http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/197/Supplement_2/S82.long)

(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).JInfectDis(Suppl).2008Mar1197Suppl2:S829.Review.ChavesSS,GargiulloP,ZhangJX,CivenR,GurisD,MascolaL,etal.Lossofvaccineinducedimmunitytovaricellaovertime(http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa064040)(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).NEnglJMed.2007Mar15356(11):11219.KuterB,MatthewsH,ShinefieldH,BlackS,DennehyP,WatsonB,etal.Tenyearfollowupofhealthychildrenwhoreceivedoneortwoinjectionsofvaricellavaccine(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14872179) (http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).PediatrInfectDisJ.200423:1327.VzquezM,LaRussaPS,GershonAA,NiccolaiLM,MuehlenbeinCE,SteinbergSP,ShapiroED.Effectivenessovertimeofvaricellavaccine(http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=198218) (http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).JAMA.2004Feb18291(7):8515.JohnsonCE,StancinT,FattlarD,RomeLP,KumarML.Alongtermprospectivestudyofvaricellavaccineinhealthychildren(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=A%20longterm%20prospective%20study%20of%20varicella%20vaccine%20in%20healthy%20children)(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).Pediatrics.1997100:7616.AsanoY,SugaS,YoshikawaT,KobavashiI,YazakiT,ShibataM,etal.Experienceandreason:twentyyearfollowupofprotectiveimmunityoftheOkastrainlivevaricellavaccine(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Experience%20and%20reason%3A%20twentyyear%20followup%20of%20protective%20immunity%20of%20the%20Oka%20strain%20live%20varicella%20vaccine)

(http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html).Pediatrics.199494:5246.

RelatedPages

PreventionofVaricellaRecommendationsoftheAdvisoryCommitteeonImmunizationPractices(http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5604a1.htm)MMWR.2007.

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/122/3/e744.longhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa064040http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=198218http://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19593254http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Effectiveness%20of%20varicella%20vaccine%20in%20children%20infected%20with%20HIVhttp://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5604a1.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=A%20long-term%20prospective%20study%20of%20varicella%20vaccine%20in%20healthy%20childrenhttp://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/203/3/312.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Experience%20and%20reason%3A%20twenty-year%20follow-up%20of%20protective%20immunity%20of%20the%20Oka%20strain%20live%20varicella%20vaccinehttp://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.htmlhttp://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/197/Supplement_2/S82.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14872179



Pagelastreviewed:August30,2012Pagelastupdated:August30,2012Contentsource:NationalCenterforImmunizationandRespiratoryDiseases

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ConductingVaricellaSurveillance(http://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/hcp/conductingsurveillance.html)MonitoringtheImpactofVaricellaVaccination(http://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/hcp/monitoringvaricella.html)

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