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Towards a Colombian Roadmap for ODS bank
management
Dr. Jonathan Heubes
HEAT GmbH / GIZ Proklima
Bogotá, Wednesday, 3 June 2015
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Roadmap for ODS bank management
Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Visioning
Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
1 year 2 year 3 year
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Guidelines Roadmap for ODS bank management
Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Visioning
Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
1 year 2 year 3 year
Guidelines
Guidelines
Guidelines Consultancy
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Status quo and preparation
Understand the present situation
Detailed overview of the status of technologies, markets and policies
relevant to ODS bank management
Estimated ODS amounts and reduction potential within the country
Economic growth in the RAC sectors and competitive advantage, job
creation and environmental protection
Relation of ODS bank management with regard to existing ozone
actions and nation climate goals
What are the co-benefits
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Summarising relevant information in ODS bank factsheet
• Basel Convention
• Stockholm Convention
• UNFCCC International conventions
• ODS amounts
• National legal mandate
• Venting of ODS/HFC
• Import and export of ODS/HFC (see also Basel)
• ODS/HFC management during the lifetime of equipment
• ODS/HFC treatment at EOL of equipment
• ODS bank management activities
ODS* and HFC specific information
• Legislation/Regulation
• Standards
• EPR schemes e-waste
*ODS part of hazardous waste
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Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
Rotary kiln
5 reclaim centers for ODS
Collection system for domestic refrigerators
EPR for domestic
refrigeration sector
• Import /export of ODS or
ODS containing
equipment
•Requirements for
producer and recipients
of hazardous waste
•Transport of ODS
•Licensing necessary for
Recycling/Destruction
•Technical standards
•Leakage
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Sound understanding of ODS banks should be the
basis for any action and policy decisions
Assess the general need for action in the field of ODS bank
management
Assess the potential environmental benefits to the ozone layer and the
climate
Decide whether to export ODS or to find a local destruction solution
Design optimal capacities for destruction technology in case of local
destruction options
Assess long-term availability of ODS to guarantee economic viability of
a destruction plant
Design appropriate policy measures
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ODS and HFC containing sectors
Subsector Systems Refrigerant Foam
Unitary air conditioning Self-contained air conditioners ×
Split residential air conditioners ×
Split commercial air conditioners ×
Duct split residential air conditioners ×
Commercial ducted splits ×
Rooftop ducted ×
Multi-splits ×
Chillers Air conditioning chillers ×
Process chillers ×
Mobile AC Car air conditioning ×
Large vehicle air conditioning ×
Domestic refrigeration Domestic refrigeration × ×
Commercial Refrigeration Stand-alone equipment × ×
Condensing units × ×
Centralised systems for supermarkets × ×
Industrial Refrigeration Stand-alone equipment × ×
Condensing units × ×
Centralised systems × ×
Transport Refrigeration Refrigerated trucks/trailers × ×
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ODS inventory
We suggest:
an equipment approach (recommended) or
a chemical consumption approach
Guidelines
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Structure of ODS inventory guidelines
Introduction
Step 1: Defining the scope
Step 2: Understanding the process
Step 3: Where to get necessary data
Step 4: Processing the data
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How to derive ODS bank
Sales figuresProduction Import Export + - =
Empirical data
Extrapolation
1980 2015
Stock figures
Sum up sales figures over life time ofequipment to get stock figures
Sale
s fi
gure
s
CFC sales figures HCFC sales figures
HFC sales figures Total sales figures
1 2 3 4
6Initial charge/
blowing agent content×
ODS/HFC bank
7
5
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Colombian vision for domestic refrigeration
• First phase 300,000 units (65 t CFC-11, 34 t CFC-12, 1,228 t PU foam)
• Voluntary target form RED VERDE: processing 26,259 refrigerators in the first
year of operation in the city of Bogotá DC.
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When defining the vision and priority for ODS bank
management ….
Keep in mind
Available banks and waste streams
Technical feasibility (focus on low and medium effort)
Refrigerants will be released more quickly from banks than blowing agents
When considering blowing agents in foam, focus on the appliance sector
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Keeping in mind the technical feasibility when drafting vision
Short term Mid term Long term
Subsector Systems
Unitary air conditioning Self-contained air conditioners
Split residential air conditioners
Split commercial air conditioners
Duct split residential air conditioners
Commercial ducted splits
Rooftop ducted
Multi-splits
Chillers Air conditioning chillers
Process chillers
Mobile air conditioning Car air conditioning
Large vehicle air conditioning
Domestic refrigeration Domestic refrigeration
Commercial
Refrigeration Stand-alone equipment
Condensing units
Centralised systems for supermarkets
Industrial Refrigeration Stand-alone equipment
Condensing units
Centralised systems
Transport Refrigeration Refrigerated trucks/trailers
Construction foam
Covered under
HPMP
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Legislation, Regulation, Enforcement
Objectives Management
of banks Prevention of future banks
Reduction of ODS emissions during servicing and EOL
Collection of ODS for recycling/destruction/export for destruction
Export for destruction
Destruction of ODS
Prevention of accumulation of banks of ODS (and HFC)
Long-term environmentally friendly waste disposal
Guidelines
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Legislation, Regulation, Enforcement
Legislation
Reduction of ODS emissions during servicing and EOL
Collection of ODS
Export for destruction
Destruction of ODS
Prevention of accumulation of banks of ODS (and HFC)
Long-term environmentally friendly waste disposal
ODS regulation
• Phase down
• Reporting obligations
• Obligation for certified technicians
• Product bans
F-Gas regulation
Venting ban
WEEE/EPR
Enforcement of existing regulation
Incentives for destruction/collection
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Financing mechanism
• EPR scheme (appliance sector) as part of WEEE regulation
• Tax on ODS /HFC
• MLF / International funding agents
• Voluntary carbon market
• Direct and indirect incentives
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Creating suitable incentives
• Direct incentives
• Replacement programme `new for old` with incentive for end-user (e.g. NAMA
domestic refrigeration)
• Discount for recycled /reclaimed ODS, when recovered ODS is delivered
• Discount for recovery equipment of technicians
• Tax-rebate system (e.g. Denmark with HFC)
• Incentives for informal sector
• Reduced energy costs (e.g. utilities)
• Indirect incentives
• Tax abatement when destruction technology is imported
• Tax abatement when natural refrigerants are imported
• etc.
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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Collection systems
• Collection system for ODS (refrigerants), possible supported by incentives (tax
rebate) for returned ODS
• Collection system for ODS containing equipment: more complicated, EPR scheme
under WEEE regulation
Guidelines
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Establishing a collection system
• Analyse existing policy framework (see preparation step)
• Review essential policy measures (see policy guide)
• Identify national focus (gap analysis)
Analyse (WEEE) policy framework
• Develop appropriate steering structure, including responsible government entity e.g.
• orientation committee (various ministries)
• Technical advisory group
• Thematic working groups
Develop steering structure for WEEE
• Launch of WEEE regulation
• Clarification of deadlines /milestones
• Stakeholder consultation and Strategy development
• Responsibilities must be clarified
• Development of sector plan / sector agreement
Launch of WEEE regulation
and sector study
• Service technicians
• Stakeholder involved in collection, transport and storage of ODS and WEEE
• End-user
Capacity Building & Awareness
• Discuss and create appropriate incentives Incentives
See also Legislation,
Regulation, Enforcement
Monitoring
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Development of sector plan: Example from Brazil
Stakeholder Consultation
Discussion Working Group WEEE
Strategy
development
Stakeholder Consultation
Discussion of final agreement
Public consultation
2 years 180 days 120 days 60 days
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Sector study should answer ….
• Waste stream /ODS stream (inventory)
• How do existing and future policies and regulations address the different players?
• Existing take back system / ODS handling structure?
• Technology for environmentally sound ODS handling and processing available ?
• Cost implication of collection system for each of the involved players?
• Cost allocated to different stakeholders?
• Barriers and how to overcome these?
• Co-benefits
• Etc.
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Status quo and preparation
ODS bank inventory
Overview Roadmap
Visioning
Agenda
Legislation, Regulation and Enforcement
Financing
Collection systems
Recycling and Destruction
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After collection: recycling – reclaim – destruction
• Recovery: Removing refrigerant in any condition from a system and storage in an
external container
• Recycling: Reduction of contamination in used refrigerants with the aim of the
subsequent reutilisation of the refrigerant
• Reclamation: Processing recovered refrigerants to new product specifications (in
Germany DIN standard 8960, AHRI Standard 700-2012) and verifying by analysis
of the refrigerant that new product specifications have been met
• Destruction (cracking plant): Special destruction facilities where raw materials
(HCl and HF) can be recovered for recycling purposes
• Destruction: Final destruction without recovery of raw materials
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Components of successful ODS bank management
Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
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Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
Rotary kiln
5 reclaim centers for ODS
Collection system for domestic refrigerators
EPR for domestic
refrigeration sector
• Import /export of ODS or
ODS containing
equipment:
•Requirements for
producer and recipients
of hazardous waste:
•Transport of ODS
•Licensing necessary for
Recycling/Destruction
•Technical standards
•Leakage control
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Where to support Colombia in
a meaningful manner?
Organisation
Management
Quality assurance
Financing Mechanism
Collection Systems Logistics
Recycling/ Destruction Technology
Legislation
Regulation
Enforcement
Rotary kiln
5 reclaim centers for ODS
Collection system for domestic refrigerators
EPR for domestic
refrigeration sector
• Import /export of ODS or
ODS containing
equipment
•Requirements for
producer and recipients
of hazardous waste
•Transport of ODS
•Licensing necessary for
Recycling/Destruction
•Technical standards
•Leakage control
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Contact:
Internet: www.giz.de/proklima
Thank you for your kind attention!
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WEEE regulation / EPR scheme
• Applicable to appliance sector
• Residential and commercial air conditioning equipment
• Small chiller
• Domestic refrigerators
• Stand-alone units in commercial/industrial refrigeration
• Positive:
• Can be self-financing
• Comprehensive and sustainable way for long-term management of e-waste
• Mechanism to transfer market to more environmentally friendly products
• Negative:
• Complex development with Involvement of many stakeholders from different backgrounds
• Infrastructure and supporting measures need to be in place or to be established
• Example: WEEE directive 2012/19/EU in the EU, effective from 2014, enforcement suboptimal
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Voluntary Carbon market
Positive
• Income generated through carbon credits
could be used to finance collection
activities
Negative
• Only country to offer this at the
moment: USA (non-Basel country)
• Value of carbon credits lower than
cost of destruction
• High amount of seed money
necessary
• No net CO2 emission reduction
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Destruction – Local cement kiln versus export for destruction
Local destruction cement kiln (US$/kg)
Export for destruction(US$/kg)
Investment Operating costs Transport Destruction
23,000 – 130,000 3.5 – 6 6 – 8 3 – 7
Based on MLF destruction proposals
• Rule of the thumb: Export for destruction is cheaper for amounts of < 10 t
• Attention: Scale effect
• Local assessment is necessary
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Best practice: Refund system in Denmark
• Tax on HFC depending on GWP
incentive for use of low GWP refrigerants
• Handling fee collected at point of sale
• Fee partly refundable if HFC is returned, depending on quality of
returned refrigerant
• more refund for refrigerant that can be reclaimed, less refund for
refrigerant that can only be destroyed
incentive for responsible handling