Thigh and Buttock

Thigh

Three Compartments; ant., medial and posterior

Lateral thigh consists of thickened fascia of the lower extremity called the Fascia Latae called the Iliotibial Band (Tract) that serves as an insertion of the Tensor Fascia Latae muscle

Extends distal and lateral to knee, inserts on the tibia at Gerdy’s Tubercle

Thigh Anterior compartment = knee extensors and some

hip flexors; innervated by femoral nerve, blood supply by femoral artery and its branches

Medial Compartment = hip adductors (some rotation and flexion); innervated by obturator nerve and its branch, blood supply by branches off deep femoral artery and obturator artery

Posterior compartment = hip extensors and knee flexors; innervated by tibial or common peroneal nerves, blood supply by deep femoral artery

Anterior Compartment

Lateral Thigh (Fascia Late)

Posterior Thigh

Medial Thigh

A Reminder – Prime Movers of Hip Flexion

Anterior Compartment

Femoral Triangle Borders = Contents = Course of femoral nerve and artery;

Adductor Canal- Adductor Hiatus Muscles Sartorius, Pectineus, Quadriceps

Femoral Triangle - Boundaries

Femoral Triangle - Contents

Anterior Muscles

Anterior Muscles

Anterior Muscles

Anterior and Medial Thigh

Medial Compartment

Muscles Gracilis, Adductor Longus, Adductor

Brevis, Adductor Magnus Common actions Pulled groin Spastic adductors

Medial Compartment

Adductor Magnus

Posterior Compartment

“Hamstrings” Common Origin Exception Medial and Lateral Insertions

Posterior Muscles

Posterior Thigh

Posterior Thigh

Buttock

Supericial Gluteus Maximus Gluteus Medius – reverse action Gluteus Minimus Tensor Fascia Latae – iliotibial band,

functional considerations “Gower’s” Sign Positive Trendelenburg

Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Medius and Minimus

G Med., G Min, TFL

TFL

Trendelenburg

Deep Buttocks

“External Rotators of the Hip” Small Muscles Mostly attach near or on greater trochanter Excellent mechanical advantage for 1)

producing external rotation and 2) to help maintain stability of the hip

All but one innervated by named nerves specific to one or two of them

The exception is the obturator externus – innervated by posterior brach of obturator n.

Deep Buttock

Muscles: Piriformis Superior Gemellus Obturator Internus Inferior Gemellus Quadratus Femoris Obturator Externus

Deep Muscles of Buttocks

Deep Buttock

Deep Muscles

Deep Muscles

Deep Muscles

Blood Supply

Femoral Artery Deep Femoral (AKA Femoral Profunda) Medial Circumflex Lateral Circumflex

• Ascending Branch

• Lateral Branch

• Descending Branch

Blood Supply

Blood Supply

Blood Supply