Thematic Area:
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Resilience
• Strengthening disaster risk modelling,assessment, mapping, monitoring andmulti-hazard early warning systems.
• Integrating disaster risk reduction intorelated development activities.
• Maximizing existing regionalcooperation mechanisms.
• Improving analysis and capacitybuilding.
• Promote a “Build Back Better”approach.
• Coherence with the Sendai Framework
and the 2030 Agenda.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION
2030 Agenda in South and South West Asia:
Resilience holds the key
Hunger Poverty
DisastersConnecting
the dots Inequality
Conflict Climate variability/change
Coherence of
SDGs/Sendai
Framework
Policy
Tools
Actions
Message #1
Disaster risk is outpacing resilience.
Human cost significant,
while economic cost rising
Asia-Pacific:
Human cost of natural disasters, 1970–2016
• 2 million lives lost (56% of global
fatalities)
• 88 % of people affected in the world
Earthquake/ Tsunami
45%
Storm37%
Flood10%
Others8%
Asia-Pacific
2,038,976
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
0.8%
1.0%
1.2%
1.4%
Asia and the Pacific Rest of the World
Estimated damage, as % of GDP,
is rising in the Asia-Pacific region
Economic cost: Asia-Pacific has lost $1.3
trillion due to natural disasters (1970-2016)
Damage and future estimates in South
and South-West Asian countries
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
Afg
han
ista
n
Ban
glad
esh
Bh
uta
n
Ind
ia
Iran
(Is
lam
ic R
ep. o
f)
Mal
div
es
Nep
al
Pak
ista
n
Sri L
anka
Turk
ey
Damage per year2000-2016(% of GDP)
Earthquake Extreme temperatureFlood Storm
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
Afg
hanista
n
Bangla
desh
Bhuta
n
India
Iran (Is
lam
ic R
ep. of)
Nepal
Pakista
n
Sri L
anka
Turk
ey
Average annual loss by 2030
(% of GDP)
Earthquake Wind Others Flood
Message #2
Hazards are intensifying with
transboundary geographical shifts.
Transboundary flooding (Scenarios 2010 and 2030)
$34.7B
$16.5B
$6.3B
Ganges-Bramaputra-MeghnaBangladesh, Bhutan, China and India
$5.2B
IndusChina, Pakistan and India
$1B
$1.5B
MekongCambodia, China, Lao PDR,
Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam
$0.9B
$1B$1.9B
AmurChina and Russian Federation
$0.9B
$1B$1.5B
A substantial increase in
flood losses under both
moderate and severe
climate scenarios.
China, India, Bangladesh
and Pakistan will
experience two to three
times more in flood losses
The transboundary flood
losses will range from 1.2
to 6 times more in the
major river-basins
Tropical cyclones will have
shorter return periods with
increasing storm surges and wind
speeds.
In the Pacific basin, the track of
tropical cyclones may shift
eastward or northward.
Three times increase in the
number of people and economic
assets exposed
Tropical cyclone –increasing complexity
Message #3
Increased scale, and more transboundary
impacts on vulnerability and hunger
El Nino and
monsoon variability
intensify the risk of
extreme weather,
slow onset disasters
Agricultural Stress Index (ASI)
% of cropland area affected by drought
per GAUL 2 region
Non-cropland pixels excluded
METOP-AVHRR
WGS84, Geographic Lat/Lon
Source: Global Information and Early Warning System of Food and Agriculture (GIEWS),
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Jun – Sep 2015
3 months
May - Sep 2016
5 months
Oct 2016 - Jan 2017
4 months
Dec 2016 - Jan 2017
2 months
Mar - Apr 2016
1.5 months
May – Oct 2015
5 months
Mar Aug -2015
5 months
Feb - Jul 2016
4 months
Apr - Jul 2016
4 months
Jan - Mar 2015
2 months
Apr – May 2015
1 month
Apr - Jun 2016
2 months
Nov 2015 - Feb 2016
3 months
Nov 2015 - Mar 2016
4 months
<10
10 - 25
25 - 40
40 - 55
55 - 70
70 - 85
>= 85
Off season
no data
no seasons
no cropland
ASI (%)
2015/2016 El Nino triggered severe weather anomalies
and impacted 28 countries of Asia-Pacific
Region’s hunger and climate variability is wide-spread and critical
2015 scenario 2050 scenario
Message #4
Disasters keep people in poverty, push people into poverty and transmit inter-
generational poverty
2.30%
12.60%
14.50%
23.60%
35.60%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Vanuatu, 2015, Cyclone Pam
Sri Lanka, 2016, Floods andLandslides
Fiji, 2016, Cyclone Winston
Philippines, 2013, CycloneHaiyan
Pakistan, 2011, Floods
Population that can potentially slip below poverty…
Disasters cause the near poor – those living on between
$1.90 and $3.10 per day – to fall into poverty.
In Asia-Pacific, 400
million people live in
extreme poverty
under $1.90 per day
poverty line, while 36
per cent of the
population live close
to the poverty line, on
less than $3.10 per
day
Disasters and the poverty trap
Primary school enrolment dropped after disasters in Pakistan
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
En
rollm
ent
Year
2005
Earthquake
2010
Floods
2011
Floods
$1 in asset losses results in larger well-being losses for the poor
Message #5
Disasters widen inequality
The disproportionate impacts
of disasters on income, assets
and well-being losses on
poorer countries and people
widen inequalities.
In megacities, 56 per cent of
the populations with medium
or high levels of inequality are
located in extreme disaster
risk areas. The results are
similar for smaller cities.0
20
40
60
80
100
Extreme High Low
Popula
tio
n (
mill
ions)
Disaster risk classification, Multi-hazard
Low inequality
(Gini index 20-29)
Medium inequality
(Gini index 30-39)
High inequality
(Gini index 40-49)
Megacities of 10 million or more
Nexus of disaster and inequality
SSWA Cities @ risk
2030
• Population at extreme risk: 243
million
2014
• Number of cities with people
at extreme risk: 85
• Population at extreme risk:
166 million
Message #6
There is a growing nexus of disaster,
poverty, inequality and conflict
Disaster-poverty-inequality and conflict
4.5
4.5
4.7
4.8
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.4
5.5
5.7
5.7
5.8
6.6
6.6
7.8
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
Cambodia
Russian Federation
Azerbaijan
Philippines
Solomon Islands
Iran
Turkey
Nepal
Korea DPR
Bangladesh
India
Papua New Guinea
Myanmar
Pakistan
Afghanistan
Conflict risk profiles (INFORM index)
Localized conflict incidents,
1991–2015
Disasters bring unstable economic conditions that can exacerbate heighten social exclusion –
creating fertile ground for conflict.
Conflicts undermine the capacity and commitment of states to prevent natural disasters and
humanitarian crises.
Pathway to Prevention
Dialogue and Peace Building
Intergovernmental Platform
Addressing Social Inequality
Managing Climate Risk (Drought, Flood)
Managing Natural Resources, Effective and inclusive
Addressing Migration Challenges
Call for action at
regional level
Regional early warning systems
Sharing data and knowledge
Building regional capacity
Thematic IssueDisaster Risk Reduction and Resilience
ESCAP Resolution 73/7Synchronizing Sendai Framework with related SDGs
through UN Regional Coordination Mechanism
• .. to support and facilitate multi-hazard early
warning systems, impact-based forecasting
and disaster risk assessment to strengthen
regional cooperation mechanisms.
Number of deaths, missing persons and persons affected by disaster
per 100,000 people
Direct disaster economic loss in relation to global domestic product
(GDP)
Direct disaster economic loss in relation to global GDP, including
disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic
services
Number of countries with national and local disasters risk reduction
strategies
Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local
disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Goal 1
Target 1.5
Goal 11
Target 11.5
Goal 11
Target 11.b
Goal 13
Target 13.1
Goal/TargetTarget
ESCAP Resolution 73/7Synchronizing Sendai Framework with related SDGs through
UN Regional Coordination Mechanism
Asia-Pacific Disaster Resilience NetworkRegional road map for implementing the 2030 agenda
for sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific
Regional Platform for Multi-hazard Early Warning System
Regional Space Applications for DRR
Regional Hub of Knowledge and Innovation
Analytical reports
Asia-Pacific Disaster Report
Impact outlooks
Policy briefs
Climate risk information, scenarios and outlooks
Risk assessment tools and techniques
Regional cooperation and capacity development activities
Financing for DRR
Regional Platform for Multi-hazard Early Warning System
1111111111111
Asia-Pacific Disaster Resilience Network (APDRN)
Pillar 1 - Regional Platform of Multi-
hazard Early Warning System
Financing Mechanisms
ESCAP’s Extra Budgetary Cooperation Trust Funds
and Regular Budget Contributions
Extreme
Weather
Events
Tropical cyclones/typhoons in
partnership with WMO..
Geophysic
al disasters
Tsunamis and earthquakes,
UNESCO/IOC..
Slow-onset
disasters
El Nino, Droughts, Sand and
Dust Storms,
RIMES, WMO, UNCCD, UNEP
Disaster information management
Asian and the Pacific Centre for the Development of
Disaster Information Management
Hazard clusters
International
Network for Multi-
Hazard Early
Warning Systems
Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in 2030 Agenda
Thank you!
For more information:
Sanjay Srivastava
Chief, Disaster Risk Reduction
ESCAP