The West
The WestA._______________for
Westward Migration1. ___________ Factorsa. farmers, ex-slaves (______________), workers
looking for new start after Civil War
a. _______________/ethnic groups looking for new start
i. _________________(Joseph Smith)
The West2. _______________ Factorsa. cheap _______________i. _______________ Land Grant
Act (1862) - fed. gov’t gave land to states to
sell to raise $ for agriculture colleges
b. _______________ Act (1862)i. cheap land in exchange for promise to farm it for _____ yrs.c. property rightsi. a big deal in the West
The Westd. _______________________ RR
(1869)i. __________ Pacific RR (going _________) connected w/ _____________ Pacific RR (going __________) at Promontory Point, ______ - finished w/ a _______________ii. immigrant workers: UP -
__________; CP – __________ iii. biggest factor in
development/_____________of the West
The West
C. New _______________1. going west for cheap
____________a. Midwest – Germansb. West Coast – Italians,
_____________ , Jewsc. West – Mexicans
The West D. The __________________
(Miss. River -> Rocky Mtns)1. Plains ________________a. Sioux, Cheyenne, Navajo,
Apacheb. ______________ huntersi. ________________ – food,
shelter, clothing, tools, toys2. after Civil War, ___________ ready to push west for _______________________
The West
The West
3. US Indian __________a. sign ______________i. buy land; push tribes off land on to ____________________ii. US broke promisesiii. hunted buffalo almost
to _______________
The Westb. Indian ___________ (1865-1890)i. US gov’t – Native Americans ii. US Army spread thin - lots of ____________________ iii. Sand Creek Massacre (1864) - Cheyenne killed; sent to reservations iv. Battle of ____________________
(1876) (__________________ Last Stand) - gold found in Dakota Territory; sacred
land protected by treaty - Gen. Custer sent to round up ________ - Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse - Custer/US _______________ by Sioux
The Westv. Battle of
_______________________(1890)
- Ghost Dance Movement: rituals performed by Sioux on __________________
- ________ sent in to stop it - _______________ killed;
group rounded up and killed • _________ of the Indian Wars(Chief Joseph: “I will fight no
more forever”)
The Westc. _______________________i. policy designed to
“_______________” Native Americans; to become part of _____________ American culture (customs, dress, etc)
ii. _______________ Act (1887) - divide up reservation land into
_______________ - NA had little training, equipment _________________ w/farming - _____________ set up for children (Carlisle School – PA)
The West
4. Open Territory (1889)a.__________________ (Oklahoma today) was the last, best farmlanda. gov’t opened it up for
_______________ i. Boomers, ___________c. Native Americans officially ____________
The West
E. ___________ the West1. _____________a. gold, silver, oreb. Comstock Lode,
Denver – new ___________ overnight
The West2. __________________a. _________________ taught
Americans to raise cattlei. Americans copied dress,
equipmentb. big demand for _________i. after Civil War, lots of cattle roaming ___________c. started raising ___________
longhorn cattled. Invented __________________ rr cars to ship slaughtered cattle ___________
The Weste. Indian _____________ and destruction of __________________f. growth of _______________________i. along ____ lines to receive cattle coming from __________ ii. Abilene, KS; Dodge City, KS; Chicagog. ___________________– cattle drives by cowboys (white, NA, AA, Mexican)i. push cattle ___________ to cow towns for slaughterii. _____________________– from Texash. rise of ___________________ as big businessi. cattle ______________ – in Texasii. started to decline in 1880’siii. bad weather, falling prices for beef
The West3. ________________a. hard life for _____________________ in Plainsi. Shelter a priority – built ____________ii. ____________ crop prices, rising _____________ , little ___________, insectsb. new technologyi. ______________ farmingii. mechanical reaper (McCormick)iii. steel _______________ (Deere)iv. __________________________ (Glidden)c. _______________ farms – farming starts to become big businessi. Agribusiness – specialize in one crop; decline
of self-sufficient farmingii. mines start to close; ranching slows down
The WestF. Myth of the ________________1. The “____________________ ”a. Stories of no laws, no controlb. Actually calmed down pretty fast as populations grewa. myths created by _________, traveling ____________________2. Dime Novels (1870’s)a. stereotypical charactersb. Wild Bill Hickok, _________________3. Wild West ________________(1880’s)a. started by Bill Cody b. ______________, ________________=>created _________________image of the West, cowboys (whites), good guys v. bad guys
The West
4. End of the _____________ (1890)a. 1872 – first national ________ created by fed. gov’t to preserve _________ (Yellowstone)b. end of ____________ land, no more frontier
PopulismG. Populism1. Political movement to help ____________, westa. 1870’s-90’s – farmers hurt by falling ___________,
________i. _________ calling in loansii. tariffs helped/hurt - keep cheaper crops out;
farm equipment more expensive
Populism
2. _____________________________ Issuea. ___________ standard – money backed by
________ supply of fed. gov’tb. ___________ wanted ________ $ in circulation
(_____________ in money supply) => ______________
i. ____________ would be worth _______; prices would go ______
ii. ______ farmers – sell goods at ________ price
Populism
c. to ___________ money supply, need to back money w/____________ (more silver than gold)i. _____________ standard - money traded in for gold or silverii. “Free _____________” - to _____________ money supply
Populism
3. Farm ______________a. ______________ Movement (1866) – Oliver Kellyi. organize _____________ to discuss their issuesb. Farmers’ Alliance (1880s’)i. _____________________(“Raise _________ corn and _________ hell”)
Populismc. __________________ Reactioni. Munn v. Illinois (1877) - _____________ could regulate ______________ trade, including
___________ ratesii. Wabash v. Illinois (1886) - because rr lines cross
______________________(__________________ commerce), _______________can regulate (not states)iii. _____________________ Commerce Act (1887) - ____________ gov’t can regulate prices charged by rr for _________________ trade
Populism4. ______________ Party (1891)a. People’s Party – push for _____________, social changesi. _______ in the money supplyii. Unlimited coining of _________iii. _______________ income tax(make more, pay more)iv. Fed gov’t ownership of ______Þ What group would benefit most from these issues? _______v. ______________ work day=>To get support from which group?
__________
Populism
5. Election of _________a. McKinley (R), ____________(D,Populist)a. William Jennings Bryani. _____________________(“You shall not ____________ mankind upon a ________ of gold”)=>Meaning what?
Populism
c. Bryan won in ________, South, NOT big _______d. ____________ Party COULD NOT: i. unite _________, rural votersii. slow down change from __________________ to_________ in the US
Populism
6. Effects of _______________ Movementa. Free ______________ issue ______________b. Other ________________ stayed alive:i. Picked up in early 1900’s by new group – _______________________
Populism
c. Populism and The Wizard of Ozi. book written in early 1900’s – meant to be an
allegory for Populist Movement