[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Texas City Ancestry Searchers
More Than ChurchMore Than ChurchRecords: ColonialRecords: Colonial
Midwest, Mississippi Midwest, Mississippi Valley, and Gulf Coast,Valley, and Gulf Coast,
1681–18211681–1821
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
The Problem
The traditional genealogical source materials for the French and Spanish Provinces of Louisiana, and the British Floridas are (translated) church records, marriage contracts, conveyances, and successions.
These traditional genealogical source materials tend to have increasingly more and larger gaps as one goes backwards in time, if the records are still extant. This does not include the problems of faded ink and torn or rodent eaten pages.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
The Solution
What follows will assume that proposed documents have some sort of relevance of information and adequacy to answer the research question. All research is the [attempted] answering of questions or testing/verification of hypotheses by collection and examination of data or evidence.
• Consider all documents in the context of who made them and for what purpose were the documents being made.
• Study the nature of available documents at all layers of government at the point in time being researched, not just the traditional sources.
• Identify source material groups by priority and ease (including cost) of acquisition before proceeding.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
The Solution
• Identify scholarly writings (on relevant topics) by catalogue and database searches, e.g., OCLC WorldCat, History Abstracts, and OCLC FirstSearch for scholarly articles (just like historians).
• Follow the footnotes to their ultimate primary source material that the historians used in these scholarly journals and works. Use the bibliographies for additional searching.
• Reference all source material in finding aids and reference guides by the archive that holds the material in question. This includes special collections at a university or public library all the way to national archives.
• Always verify!
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
LOUISIANA
NEW SPAINLAS FLORIDAS
TH
IRT
EE
N C
OLO
NIE
S
BRITISHNORTH
AMERICA
CANADA
Colonial North America, 1600–1762
1. Understanding the Nature of the Available Records
2. Understanding the Governmental Structures
3. The French colonists were not English colonists who spoke a different language
• How and when did they get here?
1. Ship passenger lists, Colonies F 5 B, and Colonies G 1 464.
2. Admiralty Records (in France).
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Louisiana to 1763
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Archival Designations
Breaking the Code
ANC, C 13 A 27, fol. 38 vo. ANC = A(rchives) N(ationales) C(olonies). There is also a wide number of ministerial
sources, including the Navy (Marine) and Foreign Ministries (AE or Affaires Étrangères). Actually, since 1994, this designation has been incorrect since all Colonies documents were moved to the Archives d’Outre-mer in Aix-en-Provence. Now, correct to use (see Elizabeth Mills):[Document], [Date of document], Archives d’Outre-mer, Colonies C 13 A 27, fol. 38 vo.
C 13 A = sous série (subseries) for “Correspondence from colonies;” Louisiana is 13. 27 = registre (bound volume). Sometimes this will refer to a carton (box), e.g., for
maps and plans or loose papers. Folio paging — numbered sequentially only on the right hand pages. All left hand
pages are the verso of the “right side” folio page. fol. (or fo.) 38 v (or vo. for verso) = the reverse side of folio page 38. Page numbering — sides numbered sequentially starting from first right hand “side.”
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Archival Designations
Major French Archival Letters and Numbers for Colonies
A = Acts of the Monarch D 2 A = Enlisted EnrollmentsB = Correspondence to D 2 C = Payrolls, Fitnesses, etc. Colonies D 2 D = Pensions, etc.C = Correspondence from E = Service dossiers Colonies F 1 A = Treasury Records
C 7 = Guadeloupe F 3 = Moreau de St-MéryC 8 = Martinique, WW. F 5 B = Ship passenger listsC 9 = St-Domingue G 1 = États-civils, census, etc.C 10 = Lesser Antilles G 2 = GreffesC 11 = Canada, Acadia G 5 = St-Domingue refugeesC 13 = Louisiana Dépôt des Papiers Publics
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Government
King (Absolute)
Naval Minister
Governor Ordonnateur/Intendant/Commissaire
Superior Council(incl. Gov. & Ord.)Civil Disputes &Civilian Criminal
Responsible forCorps de plume
Treasurer(Civil Records)
Écrivains andGardes du magasin
All military and civil,& property of the King,
Corps d’épée
The 3 Departments
Bursar
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Government
The 3 Departments
Lieutenant du Roi
Major(Military Commander)
Aide-Major(Adjutant)
Treasurer(Civil Records)
Écrivains andGardes du magasin
The Post & Company Commanders (Captains)
To Ordonnateur
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Department of New Orleans, 1760
Pearl River
Mississippi RiverRed River
West Florida
Neutral Strip
SabineRiver
Ouachita
Nat
chito
ches
Natchez
Biloxi
Rap
ides
Avo
yelle
s
Baton Rouge
Pte
. Cou
pée
Ope
lous
as
St. M
artin
ville New
Orleans
Pascagoula
Caddodoches
Les Tunicas (St. Francisville)
Les Yazous (Vicksburg)
Los Adaës
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Department of Illinois, 1760
Ft. Cavignol
Ft. d’OrléansLes Missouris
ArkansasPost
Ft. Vincennes orFt. Ouiatenon
Ft. Cherokee(Ft. Tcheroqui)
Cape Girardeau
Ste. Geneviève
Ft. Chartres
Peoria
Ft. Tombigbee
Ft. Toulouse
Mobile (Ft. de St. Louis
Dauphine Isle
Pensacola
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Department of Mobile, 1760
San Marcos (St. Martin)
Where is
Tanchÿrsahon?
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Government
Naval Infantry Company RanksOfficiers (Officers) Sous Officiers (NCOs)Capitaine—Captain Premier Sergent—First SergeantCapitaine Reformé Sergent—SergeantLieutenant en pied—1st Lt. Caporal—CorporalLieutenant Reformé Tambour—DrummerLieutenant en seconde—2nd Lt. Anpassade—Lance CorporalEnseigne en pied—1st Ensign Fusilier—Rifleman or PrivateEnseigne en seconde—2nd Ensign
Officer CadetsCadet à l’aguilette
Cadet soldat
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies F 5 B 56, n.p., 1753 Ship’s list
Name of Soldiers Name of father And of mother Place of birth professionclaude Lassaigne dead antoine anne pointer grenoble, dauphiné masonjean raffiné jacques marion porte montauban serge tailorbernard rozière françois jeanne Le fort Limoges, Limousin lathe man
March Detachment of 40 men from the troops of the1752 new levies of Monsieur Gignoux, Embarked
21 March 1752 on the navire Le Rhinocerosfor Louisiana.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies F 5 B 56, n.p., 1750 Ship’s list
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies G 1 464, n.p., 1719 Ship’s list
Monsieur de Villardeau DirectorGeneral of the Louisiana Colony.
Sieur Marlot, bookkeeperof Monsieur Villardeau
Jean Bard of Paris, valet ofMonsieur Villardeau
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies G 1 464, n.p.
Names and surnames Place of birth Trade Women KidsJean Charles Tierce Baker from CharleroiMichel Lion Joiner from Grand RiauxEtienne Renesse from Mauberge machine operator
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Louisiana to 1763
• What did they do here?
3. French civilian personnel, naval infantry, and Swiss soldiers
1. Colonies D 2 A 1–34,2. Colonies D 2 C 2, 3, 4, 16–19, 41, 43–5, 50–2, 54, 59,
& 222,3. Colonies D 2 D 1, 10, & 13–5.4. Colonies E, (Service Dossiers!)5. Marine C 2,6. Marine C 7, and7. Marine C 8.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 A 3, n.p., Enlisted Men Enrollment Records from the Île de Ré
Michel Maigret dit L’amoureux (called the lover), nativeof Nantes en Brittany, aged 21 years, height[5 feet, 5.544 inches], chestnut hair, fatoval face, blue eyes, house buildingcarpenter by profession, Hired Jan. 27, 1725./.
Uniforms and arms and advance pay, id 22.10.—
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 C 51, fo. 88, 1732 Officers’ Fitness Reports from Governor Perier
Report of the infantry officers thatOught to command the eight companiesof Infantry held in Louisianaand of the reformed officers who servefollowing the said companies.
Notes in the margin in thehand of Monsieur Perier
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 C 51, fo. 88, 1732 Officers’ Fitness Reports from Governor Perrier
Served perfectly wellin the taking ofNatchez
Served very well in theGuarding of the provisional fortThat was made in NatchezI have sent him to commandIn the Balize
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 C 222, n.p., “Alphabet” Lafillard, officer service briefs or rélévés
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 D 13, fo. 139, 1777 Colonial Officers, Officials, and Widows Pensions
{Widow Louis Doussin, former{Master cannoneer in Louisiana{for the same for the same… 150. .
12 July 1777 paid {Demoiselle Aubry, niece of SieurTo her 6 for {Chevalier Aubry, here before us commander1777. {in Louisiana for the same for the same..1200
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies D 2 D 14, fo. 115, 1770 Colonial Officers, Officials, and Widows Pensions
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies E, Dossier Borda, Antoine
To Sieur Borda, surgeon in the post ofTombigbee for his appointment on theeighth last day of November until the last dayof December 1763at the rate of 600 livres per year, The Sumof Sixty-three livres, six sols, eight deniershere… 63. 6. 8.
• Local Records
4. French Superior Council Records.
5. Randolph and St. Clair County (Illinois) Collections.
6. Ste. Genevieve County (Missouri) Records.
7. Natchitoches, Pointe Coupée, and St. Charles Parish Records.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Louisiana to 1763
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Index to French Superior Council, WPA,FHL # 1,276,247: de Aamelin—Doza
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Superior Council, # 1762030602, 6 March 1762 Déclaration of C. Horn
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
French Colonial Louisiana to 1763
• Government Records (incl. Company of the Indies)
8. Colonies A 22–3, Colonies F 1 A 4–58, Colonies F 3 24, 25, and 44, Colonies G 1 412, 464, and 465
• Government Correspondence
9. Béxar County Archives and Spanish Missions.
10. Vaudreuil Papers.
11. The three “indexed” sources, Colonies B, Colonies C 11, and Colonies C 13.
Colonies G 1 412, fol. 104 vo., 1729 État-civil for New Orleans, Baptisms
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
29 December 1729, I baptized Estienne Dalcour son of
Sieur Estienne Dalcour and Marie Josephe Trudeau
1 June 1729, there was a solemn baptism of a negro slave
Louis Théodore belonging to Sieur de Bienville
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies F 1 A 31, fo. 83 vo., 1733 Mobile
To Sieur Dartaguiette Diron, Lieutenant du Roy,For his appointment as the said, given the sum of… 2000 livres
To Sieur Beauchamp another major for his appointment taking3 months 23 days since 8 September untilthe last day of December at 1200 livres per year… 376.13.4
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies C 13 A 6, fo. 159, 1721 Workers
Wagonneers
Cobblers
Barrel Maker
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies C 13 A 9, fo. 83, 1725 Yazous
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
“Signalement Des Soldats Cy Desus Mentionnez,” 6 Sep. 1752, 2 pp., Vaudreuil Papers, Loudoun Collection, Huntington Library and Art Museum, San Marino, Calif.
The Named Nicolas Allain Dit La feulliade, Soldier of Moncharveaux’sCompany, Native Of faubourg St. Antoine of Paris, parish of St. Marguerite,son of Nicolas Albain And of Marie Françoise Le Cour, Hisfather And Mother, age thirty years, height is Five feet 3.9 inches,Chestnut Hair And Eyebrows, Long Face, blue eyes,Serving in the rank of Soldier In the Colony since The year[1737]. made at Kaskaskia, September 6,[1752]://:
What’s This?
Let’s See
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Colonies C 13 A 9, fo. 83, 1725 Yazous“Signalement Des Soldats Cy Desus Mentionnez,” 6 Sep. 1752, 2 pp., Vaudreuil Papers, Loudoun Collection, Huntington Library and Art Museum, San Marino, Calif.
The Here Attached NamedWishing to settle HimselfWas Conceded a piece of landat Ste. Genevieve where He has been workingFor One year And Alreadyhas several animals.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
British Colonial Florida, 1763–1783
Arkansas PostCharleston
Savannah
St. AugustineFt. Toulouse
Ft. Tombigbee
New Orleans
PointeCoupée Baton
Rouge
NatchezMobile
Pensacola
Apalachicola Riverwas the boundary line betw. E. & W.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
British Colonial Florida, 1763–1783
Crown Colonies to 1785 Proprietary Colonies to 1785
Board of Trade Board of Trade
ColonyColony
Parliament ParliamentMonarch Monarch
Archdiocese ofCanterbury
Archdiocese ofCanterbury
Required to obey Contractual& voluntary
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
A. Understanding the Nature of the Available Records B. Understanding the Governmental Structures C. These are English colonists!
West Florida, 1763–1781
1. CO 5/574–581, Correspondence, Original - Board of Trade, 1763–1782. 2. CO 5/582–598, Correspondence, Original - Secretary of State, 1712–1783. 3. CO 5/599–622, Entry Books of Letters, Commissions, Instructions, Warrants, etc., 1763–1781. 4. CO 5/623–624, Acts, 1766–1783. 5. CO 5/625–635, Sessional Papers, 1764–1780.
British Colonial Florida, 1763–1783
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
British Colonial Florida, 1763–1783
East Florida, 1763–1783
1. CO 5/540–547, Correspondence, Original - Board of Trade, 1763–1783.
2. CO 5/548–562, Correspondence, Original - Secretary of State, 1746–1789.
3. CO 5/563–569, Entry Books of Letters, Commissions, Instructions, Warrants, etc., 1763–1783.
4. CO 5/570–572, Sessional Papers, 1764–1781.
5. CO 5/573, Shipping Returns, 1765–1769.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Entry Books of Letters, Grants, Warrants, Instructions, etc.CO 5/599 Commissions, Instructions, etc., A, 1763–1769CO 5/600 Commissions, Instructions, etc., B, 1769–1782CO 5/601 Grants of Land, Mortgages, Conveyances, etc., 1764–1768CO 5/602 Grants of Land, Mortgages, Conveyances, etc.,1765–1767CO 5/603 Grants of Land, Instructions to Surveyors, Certificates, 1765–1768CO 5/604 Grants of Land, Instructions to Surveyors, Certificates, 1765–1768CO 5/605 Grants of Land; Mortgages, Conveyances, etc., 1768–1772CO 5/606 Grants of Land (Printed), 1769–1770CO 5/607 Grants of Land, 1772–1778CO 5/608 Grants of Land (Printed), 1772–1780CO 5/609 Index to Vol, 608CO 5/610 Grants of Land, Town–lots, 1777–1779CO 5/611 Grants of Land, Town–lots, 1778–1780CO 5/612 Mortgages, 1770–1779CO 5/613 Powers of Attorney, Bills of Sale, etc., 1771–1779CO 5/614 Conveyances, 1772–1773CO 5/615 Conveyances, 1773–1774CO 5/616 Conveyances, 1776–1781CO 5/617 Conveyances, 1777–1780
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
CO 5/601, Index to Grants, 1764–1768
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
CO 5/601, p. 96, Carminida Grant
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
CO 5/608, Index to CO 5/609, ‘K’ [detail]
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
CO 5/608, Kearny & Kirk Grants
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Luisiana, 1763–1820
EASTFLORIDA
UK-1763–1783
WEST FLORIDAUK-1763–1781
TÉJAS
NEW SPAIN
LUISIANA
BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
UNITEDSTATES
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Colonial Government
A. Understanding the Nature of the Available Records B. Understanding the Governmental Structures and History C. More than Church Records, Marriage Contracts, and Translations: The Spanish colonists were neither English nor French colonists who spoke a different language.
• How and when did they get here? A. Spanish ship passenger lists (Archivo general de Indias) and French ship passenger lists. • What did they do here? (Archivo general de Simancas) B. Military Service Records (Hojas de Servicio), 2:L:7291–2. C Military Records online, legajos 2:XL:6912–32. URL for PARES (Portal de archivos españoles):
http://www.pares.mcu.es
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Colonial Government
King (absolute)
Minister of IndiesCouncil of Indies (to 1790) Committees
VICEROYAudiencia de
Santo Domingo(Appeals/Admiralty)
Captain-Generalof CubaGovernor
IntendantPost Commanders Judicial Council
(New Orleans) (member)
Other Treasury Officials& Warehouse Guards
Military Units
Complicated isn’t it?
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Legajo 7992, C 1, Captain Olivier, Pedro
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Colonial Government
• Local Records
D. Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Missouri, and Illinois.E. Spanish Judicial Council records and Cabildo records.
F. Sebastien Vincente Pintado & Juan Morales papers.
G. East Florida Archives.
H. Archives of the Spanish Government of West Florida.
I. Natchez Trace Collection.
J. Panton, Leslie & Co., other trade houses.
Index
IndexIndex
Index
Index
Index IndexIndex
Index
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Pintado Papers, Baton Rouge Survey
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Pintado Papers, Bogue Chitto Survey
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Colonial Government
• Federal Records
K. American State Papers, Public Lands (often refer to Spanish claims).L. Territorial Papers of the United States.
M. American State Papers, Public Claims, the largest constituency until 1832!
• French, British, Spanish, and United States
N. St-Domingue (Haiti) refugees: letters and claims
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Spanish Colonial Government
• Spanish Government Records
O. Papeles procedentes de Cuba or the “Cuban” Papers.
P. Audiencia de Santo Domingo, Audiencia de Méjico, & Audiencia de Guadalajara.
Q. “Texas” Records— what’s the difference?• Béxar and Nacogdoches County Archives.
• Béxar, Laredo, and Nacogdoches Archives.
• University Special Collections
R. LSU, Tulane University, University of Michigan, University
of Florida.
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Legajo 2363, 1793 New Madrid Census
[email protected] • Robert de Berardinis
Legajo 2363, 1793 New Madrid Census