Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário1
Prof. Doutora Maria do Rosário Partidário
Environment and Territory Management
Territorial environmental components
Territorial restrictions
Scales and units for analysis
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
D E P A R T M E N T O F D E V E L O P M E N T A N D P L A N N I N G
2
Environment – territory link?
Territorial analysis: area and flow
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
D E P A R T M E N T O F D E V E L O P M E N T A N D P L A N N I N G
3
Environment and territory management: Area and flow
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Territorial Environmental Components
Biophysical variables- describe the biological andphysical characteristics of the territory- natural variables – result from natural processes and phenomena- anthropic variables – its occurence dependson human action
Determine a potential capacity
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Territorial Environmental Components
Socio-economic variables - describe the social characteristics and economic activities of a community
Determine a potential capacity but alsodrivers of change
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES
NATURAL
TOPOGRAPHY - Interest: baseline characterization, comfort, risks, stability, potencial, productivity
“Relevo” / Relief – physical configurationHypsometry – altimetric zonesSlopes - morphological inclinationExposition - solar or eolic exposure
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES
NATURALCLIMATE - interest: comfort, productivity, risksMacroclimate – major climatic regionsMesoclimate• Temperature• Pluviosity• Humidity• Winds• Cloudiness, frost, solar exposure, evaporation and
evapotranspirationMicroclimate – particular characteristics
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
NATURALGEOLOGY - interest: stability, resistence, resources (raw materials)
GEOLOGY – geological times, formation period ofgeological layers
LITOLOGY – lito-stratigraphy - nature, texture, composition and other rocks properties
GEOMORPHOLOGY – explains the genesis andthe current morphology of the territory
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
NATURAL (cont.)
SOILS - interest: productivity, permeability and risks
Pedological concept(Land) Soils use capacitySoils self- depuration capacity
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
NATURAL (cont.)
HYDRIC RESOURCES - Interest: supply, energy, recreational, natural unit and risks
Hydropgraphyc networkHydrologyHydrogeology
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)NATURAL (cont.)
BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES - Interest: sensitivities andpotential, scientific and heritage value, recreational andeconomic value
EcosystemsHabitatsWetlandsFaunaFlora/vegetation
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
ANTHROPIC
Active elements in spatial planning, with strong anddirect spatial expression.
Result from human action on the territory and can be in better or worse balance with natural factors.
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
ANTHROPIC
SPATIAL (LAND USE) OCCUPATIONInterest: crucial, impossble to do spatial
planning without knowing the occupation(spatial areas and land uses)
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)ANTHROPIC
LANDSCAPE- interest: open book on the effects ofhuman action on the territoryVisual physical expression of natural phenomena(natural landscape) and human action (humanlandscape)Types of landscapeLandscape quality (value andsensitivity)Vision indexLandscape units
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
ANTHROPIC
HERITAGE – CULTURAL RESOURCES - interest: the history of a people / society, in a territory, of a civilizationEtnographicBuiltArchaeologicalCultural activities
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
ANTHROPIC
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY-interest: environmental disfunctions ordisturbing factors, liabilitiesWater PollutionAir PollutionNoiseSolid waste
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
BIOPHYSICAL VARIABLES (cont.)
ANTHROPIC
RISKS – natural and resulting from human activities SismicityFloodingFireErosionLand slidingBiological and chemical contaminationIndustrial hazards
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
KEY SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
1. POPULATION – DEMOGRAPHY2. HOUSING3. SOCIAL FACILITIES4. ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
POPULATION – DEMOGRAPHY- Interest:
To know the population of a region, one of the key development drivers: Characteristics and dynamicA less-favoured region loses population, hence loses those that can look after resources, heritage, local. And loses tax payers.An expanding region multiplies opportunities but may risk equity issues, sound development balance and the maintenance of local characteristics.
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
POPULATION – DEMOGRAPHY: PopulationPopulation DensityAge structure (5 yrs classes; M/F)Physiological balance (mortality, new-bornes)
Active population structureThree sectors: primary, secundary, terciaryCAE - Código de Actividade Económica
Family aggregated revenue
Mobility - work- school- emigration/imigration
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
POPULATION – DEMOGRAPHY: Sources of information
Direct: INE, Population census (each 10 yrs)Municipalities (Local municipal plans - PDMs)
Indirect: Electoral registryNº families x average dimensionDirect inquiries
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
PROT-AML
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLESHOUSING - Interest:
Assessment of needs and characterization of the community socio-economic level
More important at urban levels to charaterize the housing availability and quality of construction.
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLESHOUSING VARIABLES:
Housing park dimension: nr of unitsAverage House dimension : nº rooms, capitação área cobertaConstruction periodQuality of construction - construction
- materials- conservation state
Infra-structures – sewage and waste systems (saneamento)
- Water- WTP- solid wate collection- selective collection- demand index (nível de atendimento)- eletricity, telephone, natural gaz, cable
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Households
Houses
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
HOUSING Sources of information
Direct: INE, Population and Housing Census ( each10 yrs)Municipalities (Local municipal plans - PDMs)
Indirect: Electoral registriesWater counter systemsDirect counting, Inquiries
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
SOCIAL FACILITIES Interest:
Structure of the social network: nr units offacilities and level of demand, quality of serviceand future needs.
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
SOCIAL FACILITIES education, health, safety, sports, recreation
VARIABLES: nr unitslevel of demand
e.g.: - prof./100 students- m2 room/student- medial doctor/1000 inhab- pharmacy/1000 inhab
accessibility (areas of influence)
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIAL FACILITIES Sources of information
Municipalities, Juntas de FreguesiaRespective ministries (Gab. Estudos e Planeamento)Telephone book
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Interest:
Wealth and development generator activities in a region.
Relationship with endogenous resources, dependency in relation to exogenousresources- viability analysis of an activity andthe need to keep the endogenous resources
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLESECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
AGRICULTURE + FARMINGFORESTRYFISHERIES
INDUSTRY (EXTRACTIVE AND TRANSFORMING)
TOURISMTRANSPORTSTRADE AND SERVICES (INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL)
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES VARIABLESEmployment
Units / Areas- Productivity Index
- GIP (PIB)- GAV (VAB)- Resources consumption,
energySources of information
INE, sectoral statisticsSectoral ministries, e.g. Tourism stats (DGT) - annualCCRs, DRAOTsMunicipalities,including master planning information
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES MIGRATIONS
Interest: social capital and mobility
Spatial and temporal scales
CLASSIFICATION Emigration (ways out)Imigration (entries)Expatriates
Sazonal migrationLong-term migrationShort term migration
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
SOCIO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES MIGRATIONS
MIGRATION DRIVERSEmploymentHousingEducationReformMarriageSocio-cultural supply
Migration Data: CensusSec. Est. Emigration.
RecordsHealth RecordsElection registry
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
TERRITORIAL RESTRICTIONS MilitaryAeronauticRadioelectricPrisonsAirportsRoads
CoastalRiversMonuments – Cultural heritageProtected landscapesNatural protected areas
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
DATA INSTRUMENTS
Administrative and Geographic units
Cartographic information for spatial planning
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
NUTS II
Unidades de Nível I (NUTS I)
1. Portugal Continental2. Região Autónoma dos Açores3. Região Autónoma da Madeira
* Alentejo* Algarve* Centro
* Lisboa (substituiu em 2002 a região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo)* Norte
* Região Autónoma dos Açores* Região Autónoma da Madeira
Unidades de Nível II (NUTS II)
NUTS IIhttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nom
enclature/introduction
Decreto-Lei n.o 244/2002 de 5 de Novembro
NUTS – Nomenclature of Territorial Units for StatisticsNomenclatura de Unidades Territoriais
Unidades de Nível III (NUTS III)
NUTS III
* Norte (8 NUTS)o Alto Trás-os-Montes (15 municípios; 8171 km²; 223 259 habitantes)
o Ave (8 municípios; 1245 km²; 509 969 habitantes)o Cávado (6 municípios; 1246 km²; 393 064 habitantes)o Douro (19 municípios; 4110 km²; 221 853 habitantes)
o Entre Douro e Vouga (5 municípios; 861 km²; 276 814 habitantes)o Grande Porto (11 municípios; 1024 km²; 1 392 189 habitantes)
o Minho-Lima (10 municípios; 2219 km²; 250 273 habitantes)o Tâmega (12 municípios; 2621 km²; 551 301 habitantes)
* Centro (12 NUTS)o Baixo Mondego (10 municípios; 2063 km²; 340 342 habitantes)
o Baixo Vouga (11 municípios; 1802 km²; 385 725 habitantes)o Beira Interior Norte (9 municípios; 4063 km²; 115 326 habitantes)
o Beira Interior Sul (4 municípios; 3749 km²; 78 127 habitantes)o Cova da Beira (3 municípios; 1375 km²; 93 580 habitantes)o Dão-Lafões (14 municípios; 3489 km²; 286 315 habitantes)o Médio Tejo (10 municípios; 2306 km²; 226 070 habitantes)
o Oeste (12 municípios; 2221 km²; 338 711 habitantes)o Pinhal Interior Norte (14 municípios; 2617 km²; 138 543 habitantes)
o Pinhal Interior Sul (5 municípios; 1903 km²; 44 804 habitantes)o Pinhal Litoral (5 municípios; 1746 km²; 251 014 habitantes)o Serra da Estrela (3 municípios; 868 km²; 49 896 habitantes)
NUTS – Nomenclature of Territorial Units for StatisticsNomenclatura de Unidades Territoriais
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Unidades de Nível III (NUTS III) (cont.)
NUTS III
NUTS – Nomenclature of Territorial Units for StatisticsNomenclatura de Unidades Territoriais
* Lisboa (2 NUTS)o Grande Lisboa (9 municípios; 1382 km²; 2 025 628 habitantes)
o Península de Setúbal (9 municípios; 1581 km²; 782 786 habitantes)* Alentejo (5 NUTS)
o Alentejo Central (14 municípios; 7228 km²; 173 401 habitantes)o Alentejo Litoral (5 municípios; 5303 km²; 99 976 habitantes)o Alto Alentejo (15 municípios; 6248 km²; 127 025 habitantes)
o Baixo Alentejo (13 municípios; 8545 km²; 135 105 habitantes)o Lezíria do Tejo (11 municípios; 4273 km²; 240 832 habitantes)
* Algarve (1 NUTS)o Algarve (16 municípios; 4995 km²; 395 208 habitantes)
# Região Autónoma dos Açores# Região Autónoma da Madeira
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidárioGreat Metropolitan Areas, Intermunicipal Communities and Urban
Communities
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
Watershed Regions NUTS II
Environment and Territory Management @ MRPartidário
IGEO – Informação cartográficahttp://www.igeo.pt/produtos/Inf_cartografica.htm
CORINE Land Coverhttp://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/COR0-landcover
COS – Cartografia de Ocupação do Solohttp://www.igeo.pt/e-IGEO/egeo_downloads.htm