MOODBUSTERS: FIGHTING MOODINESS IN CB SOUTH LUNCHES
Tara Levine, Bridget Sanelli, Madeline StenkenBlock 3AP Statistics
Class Activity
Groups of four or five Design a shirt that represents the
mood we assign you (color and design- wise) Make it what you would wear when you
feel this mood Just write it on the shirt
Make a conclusion– do you think your mood really affects your shirt color?
Background
Many studies showing color can affect mood, but can mood affect color? Color Psychology:
“…color can alter moods, influence behavior, and even cause physical reactions -- like raising your blood pressure or suppressing your appetite” (findarticles.com)
Warm colors (reds, oranges yellows) evoke feelings of warmth and comfort (Cherry)
Cool colors associated with sadness (Cherry)
BUT, Does Mo
od Affect
Color Choice
?
Description
Wanted to see if the “myth” that shirt color reflects mood is true
Observed association (or lack thereof) of: Shirt color and mood Shirt design and gender Mood and lunch time Shirt color and gender
Testing independence for all variables
Procedure
Went to lunches (A, B, C, and D) SRS of lunch tables from cafeteria
map– assigned tables numbers Made data table with categories
Which lunch, gender, shirt color, shirt type, shirt design, and mood
Went to about four or five tables per lunch and surveyed about six per table Tried to survey around 20-25 people per
lunch
Procedure Continued
Data Table Mood: happy, unhappy, tired, or content Shirt type: Long sleeved, short sleeved,
or sweatshirt Shirt Design: Brand (includes school,
colleges, brands, bands, and phrases…), Pattern, Plain, and Sports
Procedure- Tests
Chi Square Test of Independence Shirt color and mood
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.
Shirt Design and gender Ho: There is no relationship between shirt
design and gender. Ha: There is a relationship between shirt
and gender.
Procedure- Tests Continued
Mood and Lunch time Ho: There is no relationship between mood
and lunch time. Ha: There is a relationship between mood
and lunch time. Shirt color and gender
Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.
Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.
Shirt Color Distribution
Black27%
Blue13%
Brown2%Green
8%
Grey20%
Navy6%
Pink1%
Purple3%
Red7%
White13%
South's Shirt Colors
5
10
15
20
25
Shirt_Color
Bla
ck
Blu
e
Bro
wn
Gre
en
Gre
y
Navy
Pin
k
Purp
le
Red
White
count
Collection 2 Bar Chart
Analysis: The most popular shirt color at south is black. Shirt colors are not equally distributed throughout the school because certain colors are more predominantly worn.
Mood and Shirt Color
Mood
02
468
10
Content
024
68
10
Happy
0246
810
Tired
2468
10
Unhappy
Shirt_Color
Black Blue Brow n Green Grey Navy Pink Purple Red White
count
Collection 2 Bar Chart
Content: 34.61% of the students who are content were wearing black, 0% of students were wearing brown or pink.
Happy: 19.44% of students who are happy were wearing blue or grey, 0% of students were wearing pink.
Tired: Most students that were tired were wearing grey (41.67%), 0% of students were wearing brown, green, navy, pink, or purple
Unhappy: 37.50% of unhappy students were wearing black, 0% were wearing brown, green, or purple
Gender
Sample was pretty evenly distributed between males and female; the majority
was males
Gender and Shirt Color
Gender
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
F
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
M
Shirt_Color
Black Blue Brow n Green Grey Navy Pink Purple Red White
count
Collection 2 Bar Chart
Analysis: The majority of females were wearing black or grey (23.68%). None were wearing brown. The majority of males were wearing black (28.85%). None were wearing pink or purple. Black and grey are common between both genders.
Mood and GenderContent
Happy
Tired
Unhappy
Frequency of MoodGender
5 10 15 20 25F
0 5 10 15 20 25M
count
Collection 2 Bar Chart
Analysis: Most females were happy (36.84%). Many were also content (34.21%) and the least amount of females were tired (10.53%). The same goes for the males too, 42.31% were happy, 25% were content, 15.38% were tired.
Mood and Lunch
Mood
048
1216
Content
048
1216
Happy
048
1216
Tired
48
1216
Unhappy
Lunch
A B C D
count
Collection 2 Bar Chart
A lunch: Most students were tired (58.33%), only one person said content
B lunch: Most students were content (46.15%), only a couple people said tired
C lunch: Most students were happy (44.44%), only one person said tired
D lunch: Most students were content (42.31%), only a couple people said tired
Conclusion from Exploratory Data
The most popular shirt color at South is black
Most students, when asked at lunch, are happy (40%) Content: 28.89%, Unhappy: 17.78%, Tired:
13.33%
Black and grey shirts are popular among males and females
As the day goes on, students in lunch become less tired and unhappy to happier and content
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood
Conditions
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood
1. Categorical Data
2. SRS
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
1. Shirt color and mood are categorical data
2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Mood
=
+
+… = 27.28
P(χ2>27.28/ df= 27)=0.45
ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.45 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt color and mood.
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and mood.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and mood.
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt design and gender.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt design and gender.
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender
Conditions
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender
1. Categorical Data
2. SRS
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
1. Shirt design and gender are categorical data
2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken
3. All expected cell counts ≥5Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distribution
χ2 Test of Independence
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Design & Gender
=
+
+… = 4.662
P(χ2>4.662/ df= 3)=0.2
ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.2 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt design and gender.
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt design and gender.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt design and gender.
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and gender.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and gender.
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender
Conditions
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender
1. Categorical Data
2. SRS
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
1. Shirt color and gender are categorical data
2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence
χ2 Test of Independence:Shirt Color & Gender
=
+
+… = 9.905
P(χ2>9.905/ df= 9)=0.36
ConclusionWe fail to reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.36 is greater than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is no relationship between shirt color and gender.
Ho: There is no relationship between shirt color and gender.
Ha: There is a relationship between shirt color and gender.
Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.
Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.
χ2 Test of Independence:Mood & Lunch Time
Conditions
χ2 Test of Independence:Mood and Lunch Time
1. Categorical Data
2. SRS
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
1. Mood and Lunch are categorical data
2. SRS of lunch tables in each lunch was taken
3. All expected cell counts ≥5
Not all conditions met, continue test anyway: χ 2 Distributionχ2 Test of Independence
χ2 Test of Independence:Mood and Lunch Time
=
+
+… =26.46
P(χ2>26.46/ df= 9)=0.0017
ConclusionWe reject the Ho because the p-value of 0.0017 is less than α=.05.We have sufficient evidence that there is a relationship between mood and lunch time.
Ho: There is no relationship between mood and lunch time.
Ha: There is a relationship between mood and lunch time.
Application
Since we know the only dependent test was between mood and lunch (the p-value 0.0017 is less than alpha, 0.05, so it’s significant), we can observe how our friends might act based on their lunch time.
Bias and Error
Categories Had to group them so we didn’t have so
many categories that we couldn’t compare them
Example: if someone said “stressed” or “apathetic,” we considered them “unhappy”
Example: bands and phrases were included in “brand”
By D lunch, we knew our categories & told the people we surveyed, so they had more narrow options
Bias and Error Continued
Friends often influenced others at their tables when saying “mood” Or, if didn’t know us, may have felt uncomfortable being
honest Also, our own friends– affects mood and willingness and
goofiness Should have just done one person per table? Too difficult to
get good sample size Didn’t record people who didn’t want to respond– could
have made that a separate option for “mood,” maybe Shirt color– if more than one shirt or predominant color Shirt design–if more than one design or cardigans,
layers, etc.
Bias and Error Continued
Only surveyed people on one day Only surveyed teens 10th- 12th grade
(no adults) Only surveyed in school– different
even if with different lunchtimes at work or other schools?
Personal Opinions/ Conclusions Surprised mood really doesn’t affect
shirt color from what our data tells us Could have made surveying more
accurate Different/ wider population Different way to survey
Papers Website– but that’d result in voluntary bias Pull people aside to avoid friend influence–
awkward and intimidating?
Question and Answer
Works Cited
Cherry, Kendra. "Color Psychology." About.com. The New York Times Company, n.d. Web. 9 Jan. 2011. <http://psychology.about.com/od/sensationandperception/ a/colorpsych.htm>.
Lucia, Lynn Santa. "Color power: how much can the color of the shirt you wear, the food you eat, and the walls you surround yourself with affect you? A lot more than you may think." CBS Moneywatch. Bnet, May 2002. Web. 9 Jan. 2011. <http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3415/is_8_17/ ai_n28914591/>