Stephen F. Austin State UniversityNacogdoches, Texas

Tim Cherry D.V.M. , Federico Salvador T.PROGRAMA UACH- SFASU. CHIHUAHUA MÉXICO

September 2005

“Trends in Drug-Free and Organic Broiler production in the United States”

Tim Cherry DVMWork experience

Stephen F. Austin State University, Director of Poultry Science Program, 1996 – Present

Mallinckrodt Veterinary Inc.Director of Technical Services Worldwide, 1990 – 1996

Appleby Sand Road Animal Clinic,Veterinarian / Owner, 1982-1990

EducationStephen F. Austin State University

1975 B.S. Animal Science

Texas A&M University 1979 – Master of Poultry Science

Texas A&M University1982 - Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

Broiler Production in the United States

• 8.0 Billion broilers Per Year

• Trend toward larger birds for processing(2.5 kg. and larger)

• Most broilers are deboned and meat is used for Fast food industry, restaurants, and prepared foods

Historical Drug Usage in Broiler Production

1. Ionophore Coccidiostats:MonensinSalinomysinNarrison

2. Chemical Coccidiostats:AmprolNicarbazineHalofuginoneDiclazaril

3. Sub-therapeutic AntibioticsBacitracinsVirginiamycinLincomysinBambermysins

American Consumer !

• Desire less drugs and antibiotic use in Food Animals

• Ultimate desire is Drug-Free and Antibiotic Free Products

Demand for Drug-Free and Organic Poultry are being met by:

• Small Poultry Companies• Gerber Poultry

(250,000 / week)• Petaluma Poultry

(250,000 / week)• Farmer’s Pride

(300,000 / week)

Demand for Drug-Free and Organic Poultry are being met by:

• Large Poultry Companies designating some production in specific operations

• Tyson FoodsVirginia Complex

• Fieldale FarmsGeorgia

Designated Terms as Defined by the United States department of Agriculture (USDA)

• Drug-Free” No ionophore Coccidiostat use

No sub-therapeutic or therapeutic antibiotic useUse of Chemical Coccidiostats

• Antibiotic – FreeNo sub-therapeutic or therapeutic antibiotic useMay use ionophore and chemical

Coccidiostats

Designated Terms as Defined by the United States department of Agriculture (USDA)

• Natural Chicken:No real meaning, has no restrictions

• Hormone – Free ( ?????)Hormones are not used in Poultry Production

• “Organic Chicken” All feed fed must be organically grown (define) No use of Antibiotics or ionophore coccidiostats Can use chemical coccidiostats

Main Obstacle in Drug-Free and Organic Production:

Coccidiosis Control

Secondary Clostridia Perfrengens Control

Current Coccidiosis Control is by use of Coccidiosis Vaccine

• All current vaccines are live vaccine which require cycling to develop immunity

• The developing of Immunity requires completion of life cycle of coccidia in the intestinal tract which can lead to clostridial invasion and resulting in necrotic enteritis

Use of Feed Additives to limit effects of Coccidial and Clostridial Invasion

• Organic Acids

• Oregano

• Probiotics

• Other Products

• None have shown good benefits in Commercial use

Management Changes to Limit effects of Coccidia and Clostridia

• Decrease number of Broilers per square meter

• Use of Litter Acidifiers

Solve The Problem

Thank You for Your Time and Attention

May UACH Grow and Prosper

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