Statistics to Support Policieson Work and Life Balance
Kyunghee KimEmployment Statistics Division
Statistics Korea
Aspects of Korean Society
Initiatives Taken3
2
Statistics on Work and Life Balance4
Korea in the World1
Future Plan5
Contents
Human Development Index & Gender Inequality Index
3
Country HDI GII
Norway 0.955 0.065
Australia 0.938 0.115
U.S.A. 0.937 0.256
Netherlands 0.921 0.045
Germany 0.920 0.075
New Zealand 0.919 0.164
Ireland 0.916 0.121
Sweden 0.916 0.055
Switzerland 0.913 0.057
Japan 0.912 0.131
Canada 0.911 0.119
Korea 0.909 0.153
Source : UNDP Report(2012)
1. Korea in the World
Total Fertility Rate Trend
Country 1970 1995 2011
Norway 2.50 1.87 1.88
Australia 2.86 1.82 1.88
U.S.A 2.48 1.98 1.89
Netherlands 2.57 1.53 1.76
Germany 2.03 1.25 1.36
New Zealand 3.17 1.98 2.06
Ireland 3.87 1.85 2.04
Sweden 1.94 1.74 1.90
Switzerland 2.10 1.48 1.52
Japan 2.13 1.42 1.39
Canada 2.33 1.62 1.61
Korea 4.53 1.63 1.24
Source : OECD Family Database(2012)4
1. Korea in the World
Total Fertility Rate and Employment Rate
Country 2011 TFR 2012 Women(15-64) Employment rate(%)
Norway 1.88 73.8Australia 1.88 66.6
U.S.A. 1.89 62.2Netherlands 1.76 70.4
Germany 1.36 68.0New Zealand 2.06 67.0
Ireland 2.04 55.2Sweden 1.90 71.8
Switzerland 1.52 73.6Japan 1.39 60.7
Canada 1.61 69.2Korea 1.24 53.5
Source : OECD Employment Outlook(2013)5
1. Korea in the World
Source : OECD Family Database(2012)
3
1980 2010
Total Fertility Rate and Employment Rate
6
1. Korea in the World
Employment Rates and Gross National Income
Country 2012 Women(15-64)Employment rate (%) GNI per capita(US$)
Norway 73.8 98,860Australia 66.6 59,570
U.S.A. 62.2 50,120Netherlands 70.4 48,250
Germany 68.0 44,010New Zealand 67.0 30,620
Ireland 55.2 38,970Sweden 71.8 56,210
Switzerland 73.6 82,730Japan 60.7 47,870
Canada 69.2 50,970Korea 53.5 22,670
7
Source : World Bank(Atlas method, current US$, 2012)
1. Korea in the World
GNI and Hours Actually Worked
Country GNI per capita(US$) Average annual hours
Norway 98,860 1,420Australia 59,570 1,728
U.S.A. 50,120 1,790Netherlands 48,250 1,381
Germany 44,010 1,397New Zealand 30,620 1,739
Ireland 38,970 1,529Sweden 56,210 1,621
Switzerland 82,730 1,636Japan 47,870 1,745
Canada 50,970 1,710Korea 22,670 2,090
8Source : OECD Employment Outlook(2013)
1. Korea in the World
Notable Aspects of Korea-1
9
Socio-cultural background Gender role ideology Outside for men and household for
women Husband’s honor to keep their wives
at home Housework burdens on women
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-2
10
Dual income couples Non dual income couples
Wife Husband Wife Husband
2 hours 38min. 24 min. 4 hours 11min. 19 min.
Spend time doing household chores
Source : Statistics Korea, Time Use Survey(2009)
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-3
11
Low labor force participation rate of women
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
Notable Aspects of Korea-4
12
Long working hours Socializing after work
Low fertility Spending more on education per child
Women’s wage is about 70 percent of
men’s wage
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Notable Aspects of Korea-5
13
2. Aspects of Korean Society
Employed by Status
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
14
Labor Standards Act(Protection for pregnant women, Childcare time)Framework Act on the Promotion of Women’s Sta-tus(1995)Framework Act on the Preparedness for Low Birth Rate and an Aging Society(2005) Act on Equal Employment for Women and Support for Work-Family Balance(2007) Act on the Promotion of Economic Activities of Ca-reer-Interrupted Women(2008)
Legal Authority3. Initiatives Taken
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Agencies Involved
① Ministry of Strategy and Finance
② Ministry of Health and Welfare
③ Ministry of Employment and Labor,
④ Ministry of Gender Equality and Family
⑤ Statistics Korea
Polices on Work and Life Balance-13. Initiatives Taken
16
Planning of Development of Statistics on
Work and Life Balance(November, 2010)
Policies on Work and Life Balance
① Childcare and Family-Friendly Policy
② Vacation Policy
③ Working Hour Policy
④ Female Worker Policy
Polices on Work and Life Balance-2
Statistics Korea
3. Initiatives Taken
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Topics
① Dual Income Couples
② Women in Career Discontinuity
③ Flexible Working Schedule
Method : Supplementary Questions in Local
Labor Force Survey
Statistics Produced by Statistics Korea3. Initiatives Taken
18
Local Labor Force Survey3. Initiatives Taken
Objective Employment statistics for 156 Si/Gun areas
Method Personal interview, Internet survey
Sample Persons aged 15 or older of 199,000 households
Periodicity Semi-annually
QuestionsSeeking jobs, working hours, employment status, industry, occupation, etc.
Dual Income Couples-1
19
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
Dual Income Couples-2
20
Percentage of Dual Income Couples by Age Groups
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
Dual Income Couples-3
21
Dual Income Couples by Industry
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
Women in Career Discontinuity-1
22
Labor Force Participation Rate by Age Groups
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Economically Active Population Survey(2012)
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Act on the Promotion of Economic Activities
of Career-Interrupted Women Any women whose economic activities have ever
been interrupted by pregnancy, childcare, care
for a family member or any similar reason or who
have never been engaged in any economic activ-
ity but who desire now to have a job
Women in Career Discontinuity-24. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
24
Local Labor Force Survey Married women aged 15-54 who are unem-
ployed or not economically active because
of getting married, getting pregnant, giv-
ing birth or rearing children.
Women in Career Discontinuity-34. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
25
Women in Career Discontinuity-4
Married women aged 15~54(9,747,000, 100.0%)
Unemployed or not economically ac-tive(4,049,000, 41.5%)
Women in Career Discontinuity(1,978,000, 20.3%)
Size of Women in Career Discontinuity
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
26
Women in Career Discontinuity-54. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
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Women in Career Discontinuity-6
Married Women aged 15~54( A)
Unemployed or Non Economically Active(B)
Women in Career Discontinuity(C)
(C/A) (C/B)
Total 9,747 4,049 1,978 20.3 48.9
15~29 years 609 336 221 36.3 65.8
30~39 years 3,120 1,579 1,115 35.7 70.6
40~49 years 3,989 1,377 511 12.8 37.1
50~54 years 2,029 757 131 6.5 17.3
(unit : thousand persons, %)
Career Discontinuity by Age Group
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
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Women in Career Discontinuity-7
Reason for Career Discontinuity
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
29
Women in Career Discontinuity-8
Working Period Before Career Discontinuity
Total Less than 1 year 1 3 years∼ 3 5 years∼ Over 5 years
1,978 100.0 306 15.5 824 41.7 431 21.8 418 21.1
15 29 years∼ 221 100.0 57 25.8 104 47.1 41 18.6 20 9.1
30 39 years∼ 1115 100.0 173 15.5 463 41.5 241 21.6 238 21.4
40 49 years∼ 511 100.0 59 11.5 199 38.9 118 23.1 135 26.4
50 54 years∼ 131 100.0 16 12.2 58 44.3 32 24.4 25 19.1
(unit : thousand persons, %)
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(June, 2012)
Flexible Working Schedule-1
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① Part-time
② Flextime
③ Hourly basis
④ Telecommuting
⑤ Compressed work week
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-2
31
13.4% of wage workers use flexible
working schedule.
Women, temporary workers, workers in
public service and wholesale are more
likely to use flexible working schedule.
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-3
32
Flexible Working Schedule by gender
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(March, 2012)
Flexible Working Schedule-4
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Wage workers prefer part-time, flextime or
hourly basis.
Wage workers not using FWS would like to
use flextime or hourly basis in the future.
8.1% of unemployed and non economically
active person would like to be a part-timer
even though they could have full-time jobs.
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Flexible Working Schedule-5
34
Flexible Working Schedule by Status
4. Statistics on Work and Life Balance
Source : Statistics Korea, Local Labor Force Survey(March, 2012)
Korean Government’s Efforts
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Strengthen public childcare and education
for young children, their parents and local
communities
Provide training opportunities for women in
career discontinuity with Center for New Jobs
Create a variety of suitable jobs such as de-
cent part-time or hourly basis
5. Future Plan
36
Produce relevant statistics on work and life balance
Meet new demands by continuous cooperation with
various governments Experience of job training The employed who experienced career discontinuity The working hours of dual income couples with
under 7 years children
Statistics Korea’s Role5. Future Plan
Thank you