State system of accounting forand control of nuclear material
(SSAC) in Japan
Seiji Uchikoshi
Nuclear Material Control Center
JAPAN
1
SEMINAR 20 YEARS OF ABACCRio de Janeiro, Brazil,
Palácio Itamaraty, 10 - 11 November 2011
Contents of presentation1. Basic Policy
2. Structure of SSAC
3. Large Complex Programm in Japan
4. SSAC Inspection in Japan (2010)
5. Implementation of Additional Protocol
6. Introduction and Implementation of Integrated Safeguards
7. Summary
2
Basic Policycommitment to peaceful Uses of nuclear energy
● Atomic Energy Basic Law(1955)
● Law for Regulation of Nuclear Source Material, Nuclear Fuel Material and Reactors(1957)
● Three Non‐Nuclear Principles (since 1967)
● NPT CSA (Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement)
INFCIRC/153Type(1976)
● Additional Protocol INFCIRC/540Type ( 1999 )
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History of related national safeguards activities in Japan
● July 1957 : IAEA’s Activities started
● May 1964 : First Inspection was done by IAEA in Japan
● May 1976 : Japan joined NPT
● December 1977 : Entry into force IAEA/JAPAN
Safeguards Agreement
● December 1999 : Entry into force Additional Protocol
● June 2004 : First Broader Conclusion for Japan by IAEA
● September 2004 : Integrated Safeguards Implementation
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Organization for safeguardsimplementation in Japan
JSGO(Japan Safeguards Office), MEXT
● Responsible for Safeguards Implementation in Japan
● Cooperation with IAEA
● Supervision of NMCC
NMCC ( Nuclear Material Control Center)
● Designated Organization by Law
● Safeguards Information Processing and Safeguards Inspection
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Nuclear Material Control Center
● Established in 15 April 1972
● Designated by the Government
- 1977 Data processing (including Data Analysis)
- 1999 Inspection (including Destructive Analysis (DA+DA Lab.) / Non Destructive Analysis (NDA))
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SSAC Structure in JapanBIRATERAL AGREEMENT
COUNTRIES
BIRATERAL AGREEMENTCOUNTRIES
Additional Protocol (INFCIRC/540) - Nuclear fuel-related R&D activities without NM - Buildings in sites - Activities specified in Annex I - Uranium mines, etc. NUCLEAR FACILITIESNUCLEAR FACILITIES
- Report on Inventory & Material Transfer- Notification/Confirmation of Transfer etc.
International Inspection
InspectionInspection
Data Processing
GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN (Japan Safeguards Office, MEXT) GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN (Japan Safeguards Office, MEXT)
National Inspection
Comple-mentary Access
NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONROL CENTER NUCLEAR MATERIAL CONROL CENTER
AccountancyReport
- Inspection Result- Conclusion
Report on buildings,activities, etc. under AP
Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement (INFCIRC/153)
International Atomic Energy AgencyInternational Atomic Energy Agency
- Accountancy Report- Inspection Report
Annual Declaration
MEXT(JSGO)
NMCC
Nuclear Facilities
Routine Inspection Assignment- Access -Item count -Book Audit -NDA -DA sampling -C/S
InspectionReports
(inspection results & analysis results)
Inspection
-Scheduling-Inspection-DIV -CA
NMCC is only the organization which has been approved on the national law to carry out the national SG inspection
State Inspection Scheme
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Large complex nuclear programme in Japan
● Reactors :
54LWRs, 24 Research Reactors
● Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities :
2 Enrichment Plants, 3 Reprocessing plants,
2 MOX Fuel Fabrication Facilities
● Routine Inspection Efforts Per Year :
Approximately 2,500 – 3,000 PDIs(Person Days of Inspection)
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Safeguards Inspection for Main Facilities
・ DNLEU FFP (GNF-J)
・ JNFL LEU Enrichment Plant (REP) ・ JNFL Reprocessing Plant (RRP)
・Kyoto University (KUCA)
・JAEA -Monju
Tokyo
Osaka
・ DNLEU FFP (NFI-K)
・TODAI -YAYOI
Rokkasho
・JAEA -Fugen
・(LEU Enrichment Plant/R&D)
JAEA -Ningyo
・NRF TSUKUBA
・NDC-HL
・JCO R&D
( DCA, JOYO,FMF,JNC-O R&D)
・JAEA (JMTR,JMTRC,HTTR, R&D)
(PCDF,PPFF,PFPF,TRP,R&D)
・JAEA (FCA, TCA,JRR-2,3,4, NSRR,VHTRC) ( SCF,R&D)
ROKKASHO Branch
DNLEU FFPs
RRCAs
JNC-1
JNC-4
JNC-2
Spent Fuel Storage
JNC-5Small Facilities/LOF
: Under IS
: Under IS
: Under IS
: Under IS
: Under IS
: Under IS
: Under TS
: Under TS
TOKAI Branch
・Kyoto University (KUR)
Oarai Area・NFD-HL
Tokai Area
・ DNLEU FFPs (MNF/NFI-T)
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Safeguards Inspection for LWR sUnder IS=RII, IIV, Pre-PIV, post-PIV, PIV-E
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LWR(54 units) = BWR (30 units) + PWR (24 units)Kashiwazaki
Shika
Tsurga
Mihama
Ohi
Takahama
Shimane
Kaminoseki
Genkai
Sendai Ikata
Hamaoka
Tokai-2
Fukushima-Daini
Fukushima-Daiichi
Onagawa
Ohma
Namie-Odaka
Tomari Tohoku EPCO-Higashidori
TEPCO-Higashidori
Operating
Under Construction
Preparing for Construction
Output Scale
< 500MW < 1,000MW Over 1,000MW
Operating
Under Construction
Preparing for Construction
Total
Units Total Output (MW)
: Fresh MOX use 2011.1.1
77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 100
50,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,000500,000550,000600,000650,000700,000750,000800,000850,000900,000950,000
1,000,0001,050,0001,100,0001,150,0001,200,000
OCRMBRPILICR
FISICAL YEAR12
Number of reports processed by NMCC
Number of Obligatory Accounting Records and Reports(3/3)
SSAC Inspections in Japan for 2010
Note: PDI does not include the persons day of DIV and CA
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Categories
Numberof
Facilitiesand LOFs
Number ofMaterial
Accountancy PersonsDay
Inspection
(PDI)
Reports Data JSGO NMCC
Fabrications 6 486 31605 330 24 306
Reactors 81 3,323 295,043 599 46 553
Reprocessing 3 862 71,884 1,038 106 932
R&Ds, LOFs 209 1,931 85,589 418 32 386
Total 299 6,572 484,121 2,385 208 2,177
Implementation of Additional protocol(Declaration)
● Initial Declaration(June 2000)
Annual up-date Declaration (Middle of May in Every Year)
● 198 Sites (7,183Buildings)
120 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Related R&D Activities by the Government
28 annex I Activities (INFCIRC/540)
were declared (as of End of Dec. 2010).14
Complimentary Access (CA)
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● One of Purposes of CA is to confirm the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities etc. at sites
● CAs were carried out by IAEA from November 2000 to December 2010
Broader Conclusion on Japan
● Introductory Statement of the Director General of IAEA at Board of Governors(14 June 2004)
“I am pleased to note that the secretariat was recently able to reach all conclusions needed for the implementation of integrated safeguards in Japan-the State with largest nuclear programme subject to Agency safeguards. ・・・・”
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● Smooth Implementation of IS in Japan
Since September 2004 when Japan’s IS was introduced, the IS approaches has been implemented successfully, phased implementation.
● Development of IS Approaches- Dec.1999 : Into force of the Additional Protocol
- Jun. 2004 : The Broader Conclusion was drawn for Japan
Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (1/2)
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Development of facility-level approach and site approach.
1) LWRs w/o MOX Since September 2004.
2) Spent fuel Storage Since September 2004.
3) RRCAs Since September 2004.
4) LWRs with MOX Since January 2005.
5) DNLEU Fuel Fabrication Plants Since January 2005.
6) JAEA-Tokai area (JNC-1) Since August 2008.
7) JAEA-Monju (JNC-4) Since October 2009.
8) JAEA-Oarai (JNC-2) Since December 2010.
9) JAEA-Ningyo (JNC-5) Since January 2011.
10) JNFL-2Since January 2011.
11) Small Facilities/LOF Since January 2011.
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Introduction of IS (Integrated Safeguards) in JAPAN (2/2)
Concept of IS● An optimum combination of all safeguards measures
available to the IAEA under CSA and Additional Protocol to achieve the maximum effectiveness and efficiency
● Reduction in verification effort for declared material, based on assurance of the absence of undeclared nuclear material and activities through Additional Protocol Measure
● Utilization of Random Interim Inspections (RII) etc.
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Implementation of IS
● IS has been implemented smoothly
● Preliminary data indicated Reduction of SSAC inspection PDIs
● LWRs: Much reduction has been confirmed since 2004 in inspection activities
● As for IS, it is necessary for SSAC to streamline the resource for the inspection (including stand-by personnel)
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
150
200
250 PWRBWR
Year
PDI
IS (September)
SSAC Inspection Effort at LWRs
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
150
200
250
300
Year
PDI
SSAC Inspection Effort at RRCAsIS (September)
22
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20100
50
100
150
200
250
300
Year
PDI
SSAC Inspection Effort at DNLEU FFPs
IS (January)
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SSAC PDIs of IS Site Type distinction
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2003 PDI
2004 PDI
2005 PDI
2006 PDI
2007 PDI
2008 PDI
2009 PDI
2010 PDI
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000 JNFL-22011/01/01
JNFL-1(RRP)
Small Facility/LOFs2011/01/01
SFSFs2004/9/15
JNC-52011/01/01
JNC-42009/11/18
JNC-22010/12/01
JNC-12008/08/01
DNLEU FFPs2005/01/01
RRCA2004/09/15
Light Water Reactor2004/09/15
Summary● IS has been introduced very smoothly under SSAC,
and JSGO/NMCC will continue to cooperate with IAEA to maintain smooth implementation.
● Further improvement of efficiency could be achieved through SLA or enhanced co-operation with IAEA. To this end, development of IS approach should be promoted.
● Continued cooperation among the relevant parties is essential for implementation of Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant Safeguards.
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THANK you for your attention!
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EndFim終