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State: HIMACHAL PRADESHContingency plan for the district: Kangra
Source: District Agriculture Plan, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural UniversityPalampur-176 062
1.2 Rainfall – (since 2006 - 2012) Average (mm) Normal onset Normal cessationSW monsoon (June – Sep) 1216 4th week of June to 1st week of July 2nd week of SeptNE Monsoon (Oct – Dec) 54.4 2nd week of December 4th week of DecemberWinter (Jan – Feb) 127
1.0 District Agriculture profile
1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone Western Himalayas, Warm Subhumid (To Humid With Inclusion Of Perhumid) Eco-Region. (14.3)
Agro-Climatic Region (PlanningCommission)
Western Himalayan Region (I)
Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Sub-Mountain and low hills sub-tropical zone (HP-1)List all the districts falling under the NARPZone*(*>50% area falling in the zone)
Southern part of Chamba, Una ( Hamirpur), Solan, Bilaspur, Nahan, Kullu (S. Part), and Dharamshala (S. Part),Dharamshala, Mandi, Shimla & Bilaspur
Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude (m)30o 05' N* To31 o 2' N 75o 13'- E To 75o 45'- E 250-6975 metres
Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS
Scientist In-chargeShivalik Agricultural Research & Extension Centre, Kangra HP 176 001Phone: 01892 265685 Fax: 01892 264550
Scientist In-charge, RWRC, Malan, 176047 Associate Director, Jachh, Tehsil Nurpur, Distt. Kangra Scientist In-charge, Mango and Litchi Farm, Nagrota Bagwan, 176 047 Director of Research, CSKHPKV, Palampur Phone:01892 230406
Mention the KVK located in the districtwith address
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kangra (HP).Himachal Pradesh 176001Phone 01892-264550(O), Email: [email protected]
Name and address of the nearest AgrometField Unit (AMFU, IMD) for agro-advisories in the Zone
Agronomist Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management Palampur 176 062, CSKHPKV Palampur
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Summer (March – May) 143Annual 1539
1.3 Land use pattern of the district - Area (‘000 ha)**
** Source: Statistical outline of Himachal Pradesh, 2008-09
1.4 Major Soils of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh*
1.4 Descriptions Percent (%) of totalarea
1 Medium deep to deep, loamy-skeletal soils 23.3
2 Deep, loamy soils 21.1
3 Shallow, loamy-skeletal soils 12.5
4 Medium deep to deep loamy soils 10.15 Shallow, loamy soils 10.0
6 Shallow to medium deep, loamy soils 6.47 Rock outcrops with shallow, sandy-skeletal soils 3.58 Rock outcrops with shallow, loamy-skeletal soils
3.49 Rock outcrops wit deep, loamy-skeletal soils
2.610 Shallow, sandy soils 2.211 Deep, loamy-skeletal soils 1.812 Rock outcrops with medium deep, loamy-skeletal, calcareous soils 1.213 Deep, sandy soils with 0.714 Shallow to medium shallow, loamy soils 0.6
TotalGeographical
Area
Net areasown
Forests Land undernon-agriculturaluses
PermanentPastures andother grazingland
Culturablewaste
Land undermisc. treecrops, etc.
Barren andunculturableland
Currentfallows
Otherfallows
577.7 116.3 231.7 77.7 87.8 27.4 8.5 16.3 11.0 1.1
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15 Medium to deep, loamy, calcareous soils 0.5(data source: Soil Resource Maps of NBSS & LUP, estimated values)
1.5 Agricultural land use* Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %Net sown area 116.3 184%Area sown more than once 97.6
Gross cropped area 213.9*Source: District Agriculture Plan, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh AgriculturalUniversity Palampur-176 062
1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)Net irrigated area 35.6Gross irrigated area 66.5Rain fed area 107.2 (69.4% of total cultivable area, 154.417)Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total
irrigated areaCanals 3 5.4 34.1Tanks 141 0.3 2.3Tube wells 156 1.7 10.8Bore wellsOther wellsLift irrigation schemes 77 2.2 14.4Micro-irrigationOther sources : 37 0.2 1.3Kuhls 88 5.8 36.7Khatris (man-made water storage in rockycaves)Total Irrigated Area 15.8Pump setsNo. of Tractors 149.7**Groundwater availability and use* (Datasource: State/Central Ground water Department/Board)
No. of blocks (%) area Quality of water
Over exploitedCriticalSemi- critical
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*Source: District Agriculture Plan Kangra Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.), Consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh AgriculturalUniversity Palampur-176 062
1.7 Area under major field crops & horticulture
Sr. No. Major field crops cultivated Total Area (‘000 ha)Wheat 91.8Maize 58.7Paddy 37.1Barley 2.6Pulses
i. Black Gram 2.2ii. Gram 1.04
iii. Others 2.07Oil seeds
i. Toria 0.75ii. Sesame 0.92
iii. Sarson 4.08iv. Linseed 0.21
HorticulturalTotal Area (‘000 ha) % Area
Mango 10.5 47.3Citrus 5.6 25.5Litchi 1.5 6.9Guava 0.5 2.4Peach 0.2 1.2Papaya 0.2 1.0VegetablesTomato 3.2 32.9Cucurbits 2.02 20.5Okra 1.6 16.9Onion 0.6 7.0
Safe Ground water is of good qualityWastewater availability and useGround water quality Good, EC<750m mhos/cm at 250 C
*over-exploited: groundwater utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%
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Cauliflower 0.4 4.5Peas 0.4 4.4Beans 0.4 4.4Brinjal 0.3 3.5Cabbage 0.3 3.5Capsicum 0.2 2.6
OthersGarlic 0.4 96.0Ginger 0.02 4.0
Total Spices 0.4 100
*Source: District Agriculture Plan, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh AgriculturalUniversity Palampur-176 062
1.8 Livestock Number (‘000)Type of animalsCrossbred cows 199.5Local cows 80.1Total Cattle 405.8Buffaloes 175.6Goats 326.7Sheep 247.4Others 54.9Total Livestock 1210.4
1.9 Poultry 123.5*Field survey 2007-08 Source: District Agriculture Plan, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSKHimachal Pradesh Agriculture University Palampur-176062
1.10 Inland Fisheries * Water Spread Area (‘000 ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 t)i) Brackish waterii) Fresh water
Total area estimated 4.1 Not available 0.9Fish species Mahsheer, Singhara, Rohu, Catla, Mori, Mrigal, Common carp ,Silver carp, Grass carp, Snow trout, snake head murrels,
Mastacembelus, Loaches, Puntius, Barilius, Garra, Crossochielus, Danio, Brachydanio and Glyptothorax* Source: District Agriculture Plan Kangra Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh AgriculturalUniversity Palampur-176 062
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1.11 Production and Productivity of major crops
Name of crop Kharif RabiProduction* ('000MT) Productivity
(kg/ha)Production ('000MT) Productivity (kg/ha)
CerealsMaize 91.9 1567Rice 48.7 1313Wheat 165.5 1803Barley 3.4 1327FruitsMango 278417 26.4Citrus 119.08 20.9Litchi 20.1 13.1Guava 7.9 17.8Peach 17.5 65.1Papaya 10.08 44 Both during Kharif and rabi
Other fruits 14.07 4.03VegetablesTomato 3.1 196.8Cucurbits 2.02Okra 1.6 133Onion - 0.6Cauliflower - 0.4Peas - 0.4 50.5Potato 4.9 175
* Source: District Agriculture Plan Kangra Himachal Pradesh Volume-IV Department of Agriculture (H.P.) consulting agency CSK Himachal Pradesh AgriculturalUniversity Palampur-176 062
1.12 Sowing window for 5major field crops
Maize Paddy Wheat Sarson Barley
Kharif- Rain fed 3rd week of May –3rdweek of June
3rd week of May –3rd week of June
-
Kharif-Irrigated Not applicable 3rd week of May- -
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2nd week of June
Rabi- Rain fed - 1st week of October to4th week of December
1st week of October to2nd week of October
3rd week of October to2nd week of November
Rabi-Irrigated - 1st week of Novemberto 4th week of December
-
What is the majorcontingency the district isprone to?
Regular Occasional None
Drought (May-June)Flood Cyclone
Hail storm (Sep) & (May)Heat wave (May-June)Cold wave (Jan- Feb)Frost (Dec- Feb)Sea water intrusion Pests and disease outbreak Fruit fly of guava, mango, and cucurbits ,
rice leaf folder, potato tuber moth, litchimite, leaf hopper and mealy bug in mango,mustard aphid, citrus nematode, nematodesin vegetables, brinjal fruit borer, tomatofruit borer , termite in rainfed crops suddenwilt and powdery mildew of cucurbits,yellow rust and loose smut of wheat, earlyblight and bacterial wilt of potato, falsesmut, blast and bacterial blight of rice,bacterial stalk rot of maize and bacterialwilt of capsicum, bacterial wilt and earlyblight of tomato, yellow mosaic virus anddamping off of okra, citrus canker and redrust of litchi, powdery mildew and leafminor of peas
Rice stem borer, rice hispa, wheat aphid,cabbage butter fly and maize stem borer,fruit borers and jassids of okra, aphids andwhite fly of cole crops, leaf sheath blight ofmaize, late blight of potato, covered smut ofbarley, alternaria blight and white rust ofmustard, downy mildew of cucurbits, stalkrot of cole crops, bacterial wilt andphytophthora blight in solanaceous crops
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Annexure-I
1.14 Include Digital maps of thedistrict for
Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes
Mean annual rainfall as Annexure II Enclosed: Yes
Soil map as Annexure III Enclosed: Yes
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Annexure-II
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Annexure-III
NewSoilUnit
Description Area(000’ha
)1 Rock outcrops covered with shallow, sandy-skeletal soils 19
2 Rock outcrops covered with: Shallow, loamy-skeletal soils 19
3 Rock outcrops covered with Medium deep, loamy-skeletal, calcareous soils 6
4 Rock outcrops covered with Deep, loamy-skeletal soils 15
5 Shallow, loamy soils 56
6 Shallow to medium shallow, loamy soils 3
7 Deep, loamy-skeletal soils 10
8 Shallow, loamy-skeletal soils 70
9 Shallow to medium deep, loamy soils 36
10 Medium deep to deep loamy soils 56
11 Medium deep to deep, loamy-skeletal soils 130
12 Deep, loamy soils with moderate erosion and 117
13 Shallow, sandy soils to loamy soils 12
14 Medium to deep, loamy, calcareous soils 3
15 Deep, sandy soils 4
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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies
2.1 Drought
2.1.1 Rain fed situation
Condition Suggested Contingency measures
Early season drought(delayed onset)
Major Farming situation Crop/cropping system Change in crop/cropping system
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 2 weeks
Normal onset 20th June +10 days
1st week of July
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamyskeletal deep to mediumdeep soils
Rice (Transplanted/Direct seeded)HRI 152 Hybrid) HPR1068/HPR 2143/ KasturiBasmati/ Hassan Serai/RP 2421/HPR 1156In Kullu areas- Kunjan-4/Brighu Dhan/ NaggarDhan
Direct sown: HPR 1156/VL Dhan 221
1. Rice directseeded/transplanted Rice:Transplanted- RP 2421/HPR 1156/ HPR 1068Direct sown: HPR 1156/VL Dhan 221/
Spacing 15 cm x 15 cm inrice and planting 3-4seedlings/hill in normalriceFollow SRI technique ifnursery can be raisedelsewhere with assuredwater
Seed available withAgriculture departmentand may be promoted topurchase the same andbeing made availablethrough RKVY also
Bajaura Makka/ Vivek 21/Girija and Earlycomposite
Baby corn(VL78/Earlycomposite)
Sowing on ridges to avoidasphyxiation in paddyfields
Maize: HQPM 1/PMZ4/Bajaura Makka/ Vivek21/ Girija and Earlycomposite
Maize short duration/babycorn
Short duration BajauraMakka/ Vivek 21/ Girijaand Early composite
Stale seed bed preparationto avoid weedsSowing on ridges withonset of rains
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Intercropping of oilseed &pulses in maize
Maize + Soybean (HaritSoya/ Shivalik)
Cowpea(C475)Blackgram (UG218/HimMash-1)Sesame (LTK-4/PunjabTil No 1)
TomatoVarieties:. SolanGarima/SolanSindhur/Palam Pink/Palam Pride
(Normal onset of winterrains 20th December ±31days)
Onset by 1st week ofJanuary
WheatEarly sown (upto 15th
October): VL 829,Timely (Upto 15th
November): HPW 155,VL 907,804,832, HS 507,HPW 236, HPW 211 etc.Late sown: VL 892, HS420
Wheat late sownvarieties/oatsVarieties for late sownconditions vizVL 892 ,HS 490, HPW 42.Oats: PLP 1 (fodder)
Increase seed rate by 25%and fertilizer dose 125%for late sown with rains
Seed available withAgriculture departmentand may be promotedthrough RKVY/seedvillage etc and sowing inMANREGA
Intercropping in wheat Wheat + Mustard(RCC4)in 100+20% ratio
Condition Suggested contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(delayed onset)
Major Farmingsituation
Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
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Delay by 4weeks
3rd week of July
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamyskeletal deep tomedium deep soils
Rice (Transplanted/ Direct
seeded)Rice direct seeded : VL Dhan
221, RP 2421, HPR 1156,HPR 1068
Transplanted: 15 days oldseedlings be transplanted ofVL Dhan 221
Black gram( Well drainedconditions)
Black Gram: Him Black Gram-1, UG-218
Spacing 15 cm x 15 cm in riceand planting 3-4 seedlings/hillin normal rice-Follow SRI technique ifnursery can be raisedelsewhere
ISOPOM,MGNAREGA, taking upseed production inRKVY for thesecrops
Maize Maize fodder, Maize+ legumefodderBlackgram/Kulthi /SesameMaize fodder var.African TallBlack Gram :UG 218, Pant U19,Him black Gram 1Finger millet: Baizu,Til (forZone 1): LTK 4( all alternateupto 20July)
Vegetables Okra (P-8,PusaSawani,Harbhajan)Tomato: Ineterminatevarieties viz. SolanVajr,Solan Garima,SolanPride and Sindhur,PalamPride and determinate Pinkand Palam Pride) Chilli(Surajmukhi, CH-1)Cucurbits :, Bottle Gourd(PSPL, PSPR, Pusa
Vegetables Okra (P-8,PusaSawani,Harbhajan)Tomato: Ineterminate varietiesviz. Solan Braj, SolanGarima<Solan Sindhur,PalamPink and Palam Pride)Chilli (Surajmukhi, CH-1)
Cucurbits :Snake Gourd
For cucurbits seed germinationbe carried out in Poly tubes
The plantingmaterials has to bemade availablethrough poly-houses coming upunder Pt. DeenDyal SamridhiYogna
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Condition Suggested contingency measures
Early seasondrought (delayedonset)
Major Farmingsituation
Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 6 weeks
1st week of August
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse,loamy skeletal deepto medium deep soils
Rice (Direct seeded) Change of crop as fodder ortaking vegetablesBajra: Chari(fodderpurpose)Kharif Onion(N53)Early Cauliflower: Early
Kunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniRaddish: Japneese white,Chinese pink, Pusa ChetakiFrench bean: Contender,
ISOPOM,MGNAREGA,taking up seedproduction inRKVY for thesecrops
Normal onset ofwinter rainsOnset by 3rd
week of January
Meghdoot), Cucumber(Poinsette, KH1,Khira75,Khira 90), BitterGourdSolan Hara SolanSafed) (Dehra, Nurpur andparts of Kangra)
Wheat Wheat (late sown- VL892,/HS490/ HPW42)
Increase the seed rate andfertilizer by 25% when sownlate with rains
MGNAREGA andtaking up seedproduction inRKVY for thesecrops
Wheat Barley: HBL276/DolmaOats: PLP1
Lowlands
Medium deep loamysoils
Rice (Direct seeded) Change of crop Bajaura Makka, Vivek 21,Girija and Early composite,,Baby corn(VL78/Earlycomposite)Black Gram (UG-218,
Himachal Mash-1) All cropson raised bed
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(Normal onset ofwinter rains by 1st
week of February
VLBoni, Pusa Parvati ArakaKomal
Maize Maize fodder, Maize+legume fodderBlackgram/Kulthi /SesameMaize fodder var.AfricanTallBlack Gram :UG 218, PantU 19,Him black Gram 1Finger millet: Baizu,Til (forZone 1): LTK 4( all alternateupto 20July)
Onion (AFLR, PalamLohit)Radish (Pusa Himani)Faba bean
Kharif Onion(N53)Early Cauliflower: Early
Kunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniRaddish: Japneese white,Chinese pink, Pusa Chetaki
Proper land leveling andbunding;Addition of carbonaceousmaterials to increase waterretention capacity of soil
Wheat Change of crop Barley: HBL276/DolmaOats: PLP1
Lowland
Medium deep thermicloamy soils
Rice (Direct seeded) Change of crop as fodder ortaking vegetables in raisedbedsBajra: Chari(fodderpurpose)Kharif Onion(N53)Early Cauliflower: Early
Kunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniRaddish: Japneese white,Chinese pink, Pusa ChetakiFrench bean: Contender,VLBoni, Pusa Parvati ArakaKomal
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Condition Suggested contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayedonset)
Major Farmingsituation
Crop/croppingsystem
Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delay by 8 weeks
3rd week of August
(Normal onset ofwinter rains by 3rd
week of February
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse,loamy skeletal deepto medium deep soils
Rice (Directseeded)
Change of crop means rabiseason vegetables
Toria: BhawaniOats Fodder : PLP1/Kent,Cauliflower: Early Kunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniRaddish: Japneese white, Chinese pink,Pusa ChetakiFrenchbean: Contender, VLBoni, PusaParvati, Araka Komal
ISOPOM,MGNAREGA, taking up seedproduction in RKVYfor these crops
Maize Oats, fodder(PLP1),Toria (Bhawani)Raddish (Japneese white,Chinese pink, Early menuwhite Cauliflower(EarlyKunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved Japani)/Peas(Mater Ageta/Azad Pea 1)
Wheat Potato((KufriJayoti)/Onion (small areaswith irrigationPalamLohit,Patana red )Oats fodder(PLP1)
Vegetables Vegetables Radish(Early)JapaneseWhite/French bean(Contender)/Cauliflower (EarlyKunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniPeas (Mater Ageta/AzadPea 1)
Raised beds may be used as some times inthis part of August and September heavyrains occur
Power tiller for raisedbeds and MANREGAfor labour
LowlandsMedium deep thermicloamy soils
Rice (Directseeded)
Change of crop Toria (Bhawani),Oats fodder(PLP1)Raddish (Japneese white, Chinese pink,
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Early menu whiteCauliflower: Early Kunwari, Pusa Deepali,Improved JapaniFrench bean: Contender, VLBoni,PusaParvati Araka Komal
Condition Suggested contingency measuresEarly seasondrought(Normal onset)
Major Farming situation Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measues
Remarks onImplementation
Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20 days dryspell aftersowing leadingto poorgermination/crop stand etc.
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamyskeletal deep to mediumdeep soils
Rice(Transplanted)
Gap filling if more than 75%germination otherwise replanting
Top N dress recommendation ofrainfed crop coinciding with rainsplashes; rain water harvesting ofsurrounding fields, keep the cropweeds free
RKVY, ISOPOM
Rice (Directseeded)
Gap filling if population is >50%otherwise re sowing with 25% moreseed rate
Top dressing of N recommendationof rainfed crop coinciding withrain splashes;Rain water harvesting ofsurrounding fields
Maize Gap filling if population is >50%otherwise re sowing with 10%higher seed rate ORIntercropping/mixed cropping ofBlack gram/cowpea/sesame in rows
Drainage provision inintercropping, interculturaloperations to make a soil mulch ifno intercrop taken
Wheat If germination below,50% go for resowing with 25% more seed rateORMixed cropping with BrassicaRCC4 (25% recommended seed rateof mustard)
Top dressing of N recommendationof rainfed crop coinciding withrain splashes;
Barley If germination below, 50% go for resowing with 25% more seed rateOR Shift of crop as fodder
Top dressing of N recommendationof rainfed crop coinciding withrain splashes;
Lowland
Medium deep thermic
Rice(Transplanted)
Gap filling Top dressing of N recommendationof rainfed crop coinciding withrain splashes; rain water harvesting
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loamy soils of surrounding fields
Condition Suggested contingency measuresMid seasondrought (long dryspell, consecutive 2weeks rainless(>2.5 mm) period)
Major Farming situation Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasure
Remarks onImplementation
At vegetative stage Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamy skeletaldeep to medium deep soils
Rice transplanted Intercultivation Foliar spray of urea 1-2% after showers,mulching with theweeds and in-situconservation throughdiverting water fromadjoining areas
Awareness throughthe KVK andAgriculturaldepartment on themeasures to be taken
Rice direct seeded Reduce population by 10-20% and remove weedsand inter culture to make asoil mulch condition
Foliar spray of urea 1%after showers, mulchingwith the weeds and in-situ conservationthrough diverting waterfrom adjoining areas
Maize Remove 10-20% stand,weeding and interculturaloperations frequently touse soil as mulch
Foliar spray of nutrients1-2%) after showers andMulching with wastematerials
Wheat Cut the crop to reducepopulation ,remove weedsand inter culture
Foliar spray of nutrients,create soil mulch
Lowland
Medium deep loamy soils
Rice Remove weeds and reducethe plant population
Foliar N managementinstead of Top N dress;efficient weedmanagement and theirin-situ mulching
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Condition Suggested contingency measuresMid seasondrought (longdry spell)
Major Farmingsituation
Crop/croppingsystem
Crop management Soil nutrient & moistureconservation measure
Remarks onImplementation
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamyskeletal deep tomedium deep soils
Rice transplanted/Rice direct seeded
Keep the fields weedsfree
Foliar spray of N 1% after showersif stand is adequate, lifesavingirrigation, if possibleFoliar N management instead oftop N dress; efficient weedmanagement and their in-situmulching
Awareness about theuse of foliar spray ofnutrient
Maize Keep the fields freefrom weeds and ifvery poor crop use asfodder
Foliar spray of N 1-2%, if stand isadequate, interculture to create soilmulch, lifesaving irrigation ifpossible, use of mulch materials
Wheat Keep the fields freefrom weeds and ifvery poor crop use asfodder
Foliar spray of N if stand isadequate, life saving irrigation ifpossible
Black Gram Remove weeds andcontrol insects
Lifesaving irrigation, create soilmulch through interculture
Condition Suggested contingency measuresTerminaldrought
Major Farmingsituation
Crop/cropping system Crop management Rabi Crop planning Remarks onImplementation
Upland Rain-fed
Loamy, coarse, loamyskeletal deep tomedium deep soils
Rice If crop stand is poorthen use of crop asfodder
Sowing of Radish/Peas/Toria as catchcrop followed by Wheat OR in areaswhere drought is expected quite oftenthen go for early wheat varieties viz.,VL616/VL829/HPW251
Maize If crop stand is poorthen use of crop asfodder
Sowing of Toria/Gobhisarson/radish/Peas in good moisturefrom last rains or in areas wheredrought is expected quite often thengo for early sown wheat varieties viz.,
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VL616/VL829/HPW251Wheat If crop stand is poor
then use of crop asfodder
Prepare land for sowing of Kharifcrop
Black Gram If no pod setting thenuse as fodder orincorporate in soil asmanure
Sowing of early sown wheat varieties(VL616/VL829/HPW251) ORToria/Toria+Gobhi sarson
2.1.2 Irrigated situation
Condition Suggested contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituation
Crop/cropping system Change in crop/croppingsystem
Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation
Delayed/ limitedrelease of water incanals due to lowrainfall
(Irrigation bykuhls from naturalstreams and theadequatedischargedependent on goodrains)
Irrigated
Loamy, coarse,loamy skeletal deepto medium deepsoils
Rice Direct seeded rice, HPR1156, VL Dhan 221,
Spacing 15 cm x 15 cmin rice and planting 3-4seedlings/hill innormal rice-Follow SRI techniqueif nursery can be raisedelsewhere
State agriculture departmentsAEOS and ADOs trainingsby KVK/demonstrations/lectures andavailability of seeds fromuniversity
Popularization of microirrigation schemesWheat Shift to late sown varieties
viz., HS490,VL892Wheat+Mustard (RCC4)Wheat+Gobhi sarson(Neelam)
-Irrigation only atcritical stages (CRI,flowering and doughstage)-Popularization of splitapplication of nitrogen
Vegetables No change -Proper bunding, ifpossible, use sprinklerirrigation-Using Split applicationof nitrogen and preferfoliar application
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Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment
Not applicable
Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon
Not applicable
Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall
Not applicable
2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Continuous highrainfall in ashort spanleading to waterlogging
Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest
Rice Strengthening of field bundings N top dressing after water drainageand for control of blast disease spraycarbendizim (1g/L)/ Tricyclozole300g/ha.Treat the seeds before sowing withBeam 75WP (2 kg/ha seed).
Water drainage Storage in safer warehouse/covering the produce withpolythene sheet
Maize Drainage and application of nitrogen ifyellowing takes place
For stalk rot control apply calciumhypoclorite (bleaching powder)@16.5kg/ha twice (at earthing up andflowering), top dress with N but donot mix bleaching powder
Drainage and cobharvesting from standingcrop if physiologicallymatured
Wheat Additional dose of nitrogen (25kg/ha) tocorrect deficiency of nitrogen
Complete drainage of water andcontrol of Rust/Blight with Zineb@
Complete drainage of water After threshing undertakecomplete drying of grains under
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(yellowing)caused due to leaching 0.25% sun to ensure no fungal infectionand if rains continue take tosafe storage place and ensure12-14% moisture in grains
Black Gram Drainage, control of anthracnose withDithane M45
Disease control with Copper oxychloride/Dithane M45(2.5g/L)
Complete drainage of water Storage in safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering theproduce
Horticulture
Colocasia Ensure drainage Drain water and control of leaf spotsand rhizome rot (by drenching withcarbendizim (1.0g/L) and spray ofDithane M 45 (2.5g/L)
Drain water and control ofleaf spots and rhizome rot
Remove the rotten rhizomesfrom the healthy ones andproperly dry in sun beforestorage
Cauliflower Drain off the water from the fields and useof split application nitrogen and Dithane M45 when sky is clear
Drain the fields and apply NPK andpreventive spray ofDithane M -45(2.5g/L)
Drain the fields, control thecurd rot with spray, harvestthe curds which are readyand also remove theinfested leaves from theplants
Immediate marketing ofharvested curds
Okra Drain off the water from the fields andapply nitrogen to plants with yellow leaves
Drain the fields and drench withBavistin (1.0g/L)
Field drainage andharvesting
Before transport during packingthe moisture should not too high
Cucumber Drain off the water from the fields, carryout IPM, against jassid apply Malathion(1.0ml/l)
Against fruit fly attack resort toIDM/IPM, use pheromone traps andapply Malathion (1.0ml/L)
Field drainage andharvesting
Store in a cool and dry place,immediately transport to market
Onion Drain off the water from the fields, resort toIDM/IPM.Against Jassids apply carbendizim(1.0g/L)/ DM-45 (2.5g/L) or Malathion(1.0ml/L)
Carry out IDM/IPM and drenchingwith carbendizim +DM45(1.0+2.5g/L)
Field drainage andharvesting
Storage and transport to market
Peas Complete drainage of fields and immediatespray of carbendizim (1.0g/L)/ Dithane M45 (2.5g/L)
Complete drainage of fields and sprayof carbendizim (1.0g/L)/Dithane M 45and immediate staking
-Drain off water from thefields and spray againstpowdery mildew.- Do not harvest if pods arewet , and delay harvestinguntil clear weather prevailsotherwise the pods onstorage soon after harvest
Before packing (in bags) ensurethat the surface of pods arecompletely dry and immediatelytransport to the market
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will get rottenHeavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short spanRice Strengthening the bunds of rice fields Top N dress after water drainage Drain off water from the
fieldsStorage in safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering theproduce
Maize Drainage, earthing up and application of N ifleaves of plants turn yellow
Earthing up and stalking by tyingtwo three plants together, forcontrol of stalk rot dust withCopper hypochlorite(bleachingpowder) , top N dressing but donot mix with bleaching powder
Drain off water and harvestcobs from the standingcrop if at physiologicallymaturity
Storage in safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering theproduce. Ensure 12-14%moisture in grains before storage
Wheat Additional dose of nitrogen (25kg/ha) to removedeficiency of nitrogen (yellowing of plantleaves) caused due to leaching
Completely drain off the waterand control Rust/Blight with zinebZ-78 0.25%
Completely drain off thewater and harvest the crop,if at physiological maturity
After threshing undertakecomplete drying of grains insun to ensure no fungalinfection and if rains continuetake to safe storage place andensure 12-14% moisture ingrains before storage
Black Gram Drain off water from field and controlanthracnose with Dithane M45(2.5g/L)
Disease control with Copper oxychloride / Dithane M45 (2.5g/L)
Drainage and selective podharvest
Storage at safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering ofproduce
VegetablesColocasia Ensure drainage Drain water and control of leaf spots and
rhizome rot (by drenching withCarbendizim (1.0g/L) and spray ofDithane M 45 (2.5g/L)
Drain water and control ofleaf spots and rhizome rot
Remove the rotten rhizomesfrom the healthy ones andproperly dry in sun beforestorage
Cauliflower Drain off water from fields, apply splitdose of nitrogen when the sky is clear andgive preventive spray of Dithane M 45
Drain the fields and apply NPK andpreventive spray of Dithane M -45(2.5g/L)
Drain the fields, control thecurd rot with spray, harvestthe curds which are readyand remove the infestedleaves from the plants
Immediately transport andmarket the curds
Okra Drain off the water from the fields andapply nitrogen to plants with yellow leaves
Drain the fields and drench withBavistin (1.0g/L)
Field drainage andharvesting
Before transport while packingthe moisture should be optimum
Cucumber Drain off the water from the fields, carryout IPM, against jassid apply Malathion(1.0ml/l)
Against fruit fly attack resort toIDM/IPM, use pheromone traps andapply Malathion (1.0ml/L)
Field drainage andharvesting
Store in a cool and dry place,immediately transport to market
Onion Drain off the water from the fields, resort Carry out IDM/IPM and drenching with Field drainage and Storage and transport to market
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to IDM/IPM. Against Jassids applycarbendizim (1.0g/L)/DM45 (2.5g/L) orMalathion (1.0ml/L)
carbendizim +DM45(1.0+2.5g/L) harvesting
Peas Complete drainage of fields andimmediate spray of carbendizim(1.0g/L)/Dithane M 45 (2.5g/L)
Complete drainage of fields and spray ofcarbendizim (1.0g/L)/Dithane M 45 andimmediate staking
-Drain off water from thefields and spray againstpowdery mildew.- Do not harvest if pods arewet , and delay harvestinguntil clear weather prevailsotherwise the pods onstorage soon after harvestwill get rotten
Before packing (in bags) ensurethat the surface of pods arecompletely dry and immediatelytransport to the market
Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains
Rice Possibility of leaf blast attack, avoidimmediate nitrogen application and applycarbendizim (1.0ml/L)
Possibility of leaf blast attack, drain off thewater from the fields and control leaf blastby application of carbendizim (1.0ml/L),insect control with Chlorpyriphos (1.0g/L)
Water drainage from fields Storage at safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering theproduce.Ensure 10-12% moisture in
grains before storage
Maize Drainage, and yellowing mainly due tonitrogen deficiency apply N split
Drainage, stalk rot control through copperoxy chloride (bleaching powder)(16.5kg/ha), leaf blight control throughDithane M45(2.5g/L)
Cob harvesting fromstanding crop
Storage in safer farmerwarehouse/tent covering ofproduce. Ensure 10-12%moisture in grains beforestorage
Wheat Drain off water and apply split dose of Nto recover crop
Control rust with (Zineb Z78 (0.25%) orpropiconozole (0.1%)
Completely drain off thewater and harvest thecrop, if at physiologicalmaturity
After threshing undertakecomplete drying of grains insun to ensure no fungalinfection. If rains continuetake to safe storage place andensure 12-14% moisture ingrains before storage
Black gram Drain off water to avoid diseases;apply preventive spray of Dithane M45
Field drainage to avoid diseases; applyDithane M45 (2.5g/L) and for borer attack,spray cypermethrin (1.0ml/L)
Drain off water andharvest the crop
Storage in safer places likewarehouse/tent houses
VegetablesPeas Against seed rot drench with Bavistin/and
spray of Dithane M 45Drench with the carbendizim (1.0g/L)/Spray of Dithane M 45(2.5g/L) as
Control powdery mildewwith Hexaconozole
Market after grading only
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preventive measure (1.5g/L)Cauliflower/Cabbage
Apply copper oxy chloride (1.0g/L) /Dithane M 45(2.5g/L)as preventive spray
Apply copper oxy chloride +Dithane M 45as preventive spray(1.0+2.5g/L), removediseased leaves
-Remove the rotten heads,control Head Rot withBlitox /Dithane M 45 aspreventive spray andremove diseased leavesImmediately harvest thecurds/heads showing headrot symptoms
Storage and immediatetransport to market
Okra Drainage/IDM/IPM Malathion 1ml/L forjassid, ,borer and vector of virus
IDM/ IPM Malathion 1ml/L for jassid,borer and vector of virusDithane M 45 (2.5g/L)
Field drainage Storage and immediatetransport to market
Cucurbits Staking/Drainage/IDM/IPM Malathion1ml/L for jassid
Staking/IDM/IPM pheromone traps forfruit fly and malathion(1.0ml/L) for jassid
Field drainage Storage and immediatetransport to market
2.3 Floods
Condition Suggested contingency measure
Transient water logging/ partialinundation
Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Continuous submergencefor more than 2 days
Not applicable
Sea water intrusion
2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone
Extreme eventtype
Suggested contingency measureSeedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest
Heat WaveMaize Mulching to buffer effect of
high temp.Continue weed mulching In-situ weed mulching
Paddy Light and repeated irrigation atthe appearance of hair linecracks in soil surface, Correct
Repeated irrigation at theappearance of hair line cracks insoil surface, pounding of water for
Repeated irrigation at the appearanceof hairline cracks in soil surface
Harvest crop at physiologicalmaturity
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iron deficiency with 0.5% ironsulphate spray.
15 days after transplanting tocheck Fe deficiency and for cropestablishment.
Wheat Frequent and light irrigation Not applicable Frequent and light irrigation Frequent and light irrigationIrrigation, if available may be applied to combat the effect of high temperature
HorticultureMango Shade with wild bushes Irrigation if available may be
applied to combat the effect ofhigh temperature
Irrigation if available may be appliedto combat the effect of hightemperature
Litchi Shade with wild bushes Irrigation if available may beapplied to combat the effect ofhigh temperature
Irrigation if available may be appliedto combat the effect of hightemperature
Cold wave
Wheat Apply irrigation using sprinklersif available, smoking duringnight
Apply irrigation using sprinklers ifavailable, smoking during night
Apply irrigation using sprinklers ifavailable, Burning of crop residuearound the crop, Spray of H2SO4
@0.1%Light frequent irrigation may be practiced wherever irrigation facilities are available
Horticulture
Mango Shade with wild bushes Frequent irrigation, Applyirrigation using sprinklers ifavailable
Frequent irrigation
FrostWheat Apply irrigation using sprinklers
if available, smoking duringnight
Apply irrigation using sprinklers ifavailable, smoking during night
Apply irrigation using sprinklers ifavailable, Burning of crop residuearound the crop, Spray of H2SO4
@0.1%Horticulture
Mango Shade with wild bushes/ jutebags
Frequent irrigation, Applyirrigation using sprinklers ifavailable
Hailstorm
Horticulture
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Mango Not applicable Anti hail netting at fruit bearing stage
Pear Not applicable Anti hail netting at fruit bearing stage
K.Lime Not applicable Anti hail netting at fruit bearing stage
Galgal Not applicable Anti hail netting at fruit bearing stage
Guava Not applicable Anti hail netting at fruit bearing stage
Cyclone Not applicable
2.5 Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries Livestock
Livestock Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event During the event After the event
DroughtFeed and fodder availability Increasing area under fodder
crops; collect crop residues,collect tree fodder, usemangers, use chaff cutters , haystorage
Utilization of fodder from perennial & reserve sources, opengrazing in forests and alpine slopes/ community lands andfeeding of crop residues; use of mangers and chaff cutters ,feeding of household waste
Availing Insurance,culling undesirable livestock ;raising of fodder trees, replacementof unproductive animals withimproved ones
Drinking water Use of ground water resource,maintain the storage of water intanks , traditional water ponds ,rivers
Utilization of stored water, stall drinking, rivers , traditionalwater ponds
Rejuvenation of water sources,bleach drinking water source
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Health and diseasemanagement
Advance preparation withmedicines and vaccination,local ethno pharmaceutical andmodern medicines, in additionantimicrobial/antibiotic sensitivity profilingof all the common bacterialpathogen causing significantdisease syndrome should beknown, procure multivitaminsand mineral mixture, refreshertrainings to Veterinary Officersand Pharmacists
-Carry out de worming to all animals, quarantine sick animals,rig vaccination (in 8km radius), restrict movement of livestockin case of epidemic, tick control, daily lifting of dung from reliefcamps.-Treatment of all affected livestock by mass campaign, modernveterinary care, veterinary camps , isolation, appropriateantibiotics /treatments could be instituted
Proper veterinary care , awareness,capacity building of locals, healthcare and management, surveillanceon disease outbreak, vaccination,keep animal house clean and spraydisinfectant, advise to framers forbreeding milch animals during Julyto September (with adequate foddersupply and favorable weatherconditions) in order to avoid thepeak milk production during midsummer
FloodsFeed and fodder availability Increasing area under fodder
cropsEvacuation to safer places Availing Insurance,
Drinking water Storage of water in tanks Arrange safe drinking water Arrange safe drinking waterHealth and diseasemanagement
Advance preparation withmedicines and vaccination
Availability of veterinary staff, to provide quick treatment andrelief to affected animals
CycloneFeed and fodder availability Not applicableDrinking water Not applicable
Health and diseasemanagement
Not applicable
Cold wave and heat waveShelter/environmentmanagement
With setting of winter bring thelivestock back from high hillpasture lands to nearbypastures; restrict open grazingduring cold wave
Stationary conditions and feeding in cowsheds, group living, drygrass flooring, gunny bags on windows, gunny bags wrapped onthe belly of milking animals, restrict to open grazing duringsunny days only
Open grazing in sunny days,massage of milking animals andother species, hot water bath ofanimals
Health and diseasemanagement
Feed traditional herbs toanimalsUse immune modulators
Provide warm living conditions, feed roasted lassi syrup (curdjuice) to animals, avoid exposure to cold and rains/ snow.Provision of fans /shade during heat wave andgive multivitamins minerals
Open grazing in sunny days andfeeding of medicinal herbs. In caseof acute problem contact localveterinarian
s based on forewarning wherever available
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2.5.1 Poultry
Poultry Suggested contingency measures
Before the event During the event After the event
DroughtShortage of feed ingredients Availing Insurance, establishment of
feed serve bank and storage of feed atthe farm
Supply of feed from the adjoiningareas through Departmentalinterventions
Promotion of feed resources, availinginsurance
Drinking water Not a major problem, throughconstruction of small rain harvestingstorage structures in water scarceareas
Supply of water throughDepartmental interventionssanitation of drinking water
Construction of small rain harvesting storagestructures for contingent plans., give adequatewater as per requirement
Health and disease management Surveillance and management byDepartment of Animal Husbandry,culling sick birds, de-worming andvaccination against infectious/contagious diseases.
Surveillance and management byDepartment of Animal Husbandry,mixing Vit A,D,EK and B complexin water
Surveillance and management by Departmentof Animal Husbandry.Hygiene and sanitation of poultry house,disposal of dead birds by burying
Floods Not applicable
Shortage of feed ingredients
Drinking water
Health and disease management
CycloneNot applicable
Shortage of feed ingredients
Drinking water
Health and disease management
Heat wave and cold wave Not applicableShelter/environment management Adequate ventilation during day and night in summer and adequate protection from cold is exercised during winterHealth and disease management Not availableBased on forewarning wherever available
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2.5.3 Fisheries
Fisheries Suggested contingency measuresBefore the event During the event After the event
DroughtShallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflows
Water harvesting structures with rainwater impounding from catchmentareas
Impounding of water throughinterventions of Department ofFisheries to save fish germplasm
Water harvesting structures with rainwater impounding from catchmentareas; watershed developmentplanning and implementations.
Impact of heat and salt load build up inponds / change in water quality
Not applicable
Floods Not applicable
Heat wave and cold wave Not applicable
a based on forewarning wherever available