f}rh;ks Hkkx%n'ked{kk;k% laLÑrikB~;iqLrde~
'kseq"kh
iqjksoko~Q
2005 bZLoh;k;ka jkf"Vª;&ikBÔp;kZ&:ijs[kk;ke~ vuq'kaflra ;r~ Nk=kk.kka fo|ky;thoua
fo|ky;srjthousu lg ;kstuh;e~A fl¼kUrks¿;a iqLrdh;& KkuL; rL;k% ijEijk;k%
i`Fko~Q orZrs] ;L;k% izHkkokr~ vLekoaQ f'k{kkO;oLFkk bnkuha ;kor~ fo|ky;L; ifjokjL;
leqnk;L; p eè;s vUrjkya iks"k;frA jkf"Vª;ikBÔp;kZoyfEcrkfu ikBÔØe&ikBÔiqLrdkfu
vL; ewyHkkoL; O;ogkjfnf'k iz;Ru ,oA iz;kls¿fLeu~ fo"k;k.kka eè;s fLFkrk;k% fHkRrs%
fuokj.ka KkukFk± jVuizo`Ùks'p f'kfFkyhdj.kefi lfEefyra orZrsA vk'kkLegss ;r~ iz;klks¿;a
1986 bZZLoh;k;ka jkf"Vª;&f'k{kk&uhrkS vuq'kaflrk;k% ckyosQfUnzrf'k{kkO;oLFkk;k% fodklk;
Hkfo";frA
iz;RuL;kL; lkiQY;a fo|ky;kuka izkpk;kZ.kke~ vè;kidkuk×p rs"kq iz;kls"kq fuHkZja ;=k
rs lokZufi Nk=kku~ LokuqHkwR;k KkuetZf;rqa] dYiuk'khyfØ;k% fo/krqa] iz'uku~ iz"Vaq p
izksRlkg;fUrA vLekfHk% vo';eso Lohdj.kh;a ;r~ LFkkua] le;%] LokrU=;a p ;fn nh;sr]
rfgZ f'k'ko% o;LoSQ% iznÙksu Kkusu la;qT; uwrua Kkua l`tfUrA ijh{kk;k% vkèkkj%
fu/kZfjr&ikBÔiqLrdeso bfr fo'okl% KkuktZuL; fofo/lkèkukuka Ïksrlka p vuknjL;
dkj.ks"kq eq[;ree~A f'k'kq"kq ltZu'kDrs% dk;kZjEHkizo`Ùks'p vkèkkua rnSo lEHkosr~ ;nk o;a
rku~ f'k'kwu~ f'k{k.kizfØ;k;k% izfrHkkfxRosu LohoqQ;kZe] u rq fuèkkZfjrKkuL; xzkgdRosu ,oA
bekfu mís';kfu fo|ky;L; nSfuddk;ZØes dk;Zi¼rkS p ifjorZueis{kUrsA ;Fkk
nSfud& le;&lkj.;ka ifjorZu'khyRoe~ visf{kra rFkSo okf"kZddk;ZØek.kka fuoZg.ks rRijrk
vko';dh ;su f'k{k.kkFk± fu;rs"kq dkys"kq oLrqr% f'k{k.ka Hkosr~A f'k{k.kL; ewY;kÄïuL; p
foèk;% Kkif;";fUr ;r~ ikBÔiqLrdfena Nk=kk.kka fo|ky;h;&thous vkuUnkuqHkwR;Fk±
fd;r~ izHkkfo orZrs] u rq uhjlrk;k% lk/ue~A ikBÔp;kZHkkjL; funkuk; ikBÔØefuekZr`fHk%
ckyeuksfoKkun`"VÔk vè;kiuk; miyC/&dkyn`"VÔk p fofHkUus"kq Lrjs"kq fo"k;KkuL;
iqufuZ/kZj.ksu iz;Ruks fofgr%A 2017 res o"ksZ iqujhf{krfena iqLroaQ Nk=kk.kka Ñrs fpUruL;]
foLe;L;] y?kqlewgs"kq okrkZ;k%] dk;kZuqHkokfn& xfrfoèkhuka p Ñrs izkpq;sZ.k volja
nnkfrA ikBÔiqLrdL;kL; fodklk; fof'k"V;ksxnkuk; jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqlUèkkuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~
Hkk"kkijke'kZnkr`lfers% vè;{kk.kka izks- ukeojflagegksn;kuka] laLÑrikBÔiqLrdkuka
iv
eq[;ijke'kZdkuka izks- jkèkkoYyHk&f=kikfBegkHkkxkuka] ikBÔiqLrdfuekZ.klfers% lnL;kuk×p
Ñrs gkfnZoQha ÑrKrka Kki;frA iqLrdL;kL; fodkls uSosQ fo'ks"kKk% vuqHkfou% f'k{kdk'p
;ksxnkua ÑroUr%] rs"kka laLFkkizeq[kku~ laLFkk'p izfr èkU;oknks O;kfß;rsA ekuolalk/
ufodkleU=kky;L; ekè;fedksPpf'k{kkfoHkkxsu izks- e.kkyfejh izks- th-ih- ns'kik.Msegksn;kuke~
vkè;{ks la?kfVrk;k% jkf"Vª;&i;Zos{k.klfers% lnL;ku~ izfr rs"kka cgqewY;;ksxnkuk; o;a
fo'ks"ks.k ÑrKk%A
ikBÔiqLrdfodklØes mUurLrjk; fujUrja iz;Ru'khyk ifj"kfn;a Nk=kk.kka Ñrs
iqLrdfena mi;qDrrja drq± fo'ks"kKS% vuqHkfofHk% vè;kidS'p izsf"krkuka lRijke'kkZuka
lnSo Lokxra fo/kL;frA
uo nsgyh funs'kd%
20 uoEcj 2017 jkf"Vª;'kSf{kdkuqla/kuizf'k{k.kifj"kn~
v
Hkwfedk
laLÑr dh x.kuk fo'o dh izkphure Hkk"kkvksa esa dh tkrh gSA bldk lkfgfR;d
foLrkj oSfnd ;qx ls ysdj vkt rd vck/ :i ls py jgk gSA ekuoh; fparu
osQ lHkh {ks=kksa eas bldh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA ;qx&ifjorZu osQ lkFk&lkFk blosQ vk;ke
Hkh cnyrs jgs gSaA Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; dh O;kidrk dks ns[kdj bls nsook.kh Hkh dgk
tkrk Fkk tks blosQ izfr Hkkjrh;ksa dh J¼k dk ifjpk;d gSA
laLÑr dk izkphu lkfgR; thou&ewY;ksa osQ izfr (tSls ijksidkj] nku] lR;] vfgalk]
jk"Vª&HkfÙkQ] iFoh&izse] lRdeZ bR;kfn) vkn'kZ dh fLFkfr dk vkdyu djrk gSA bldk
vkèkqfud lkfgR; izkphu ewY;ksa osQ vfrfjDr ekuo dh ledkyhu leL;kvksa vkSj
thou&la?k"kks± dks Hkh fu:fir djrk gSA vr% fo'o osQ vU; lkfgR; dh rqyuk esa
laLÑr dh laosnu'khyrk dks U;wurj vk¡duk Bhd ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA ;g xkSjo
dk fo"k; gS fd pkj gtkj o"kks± ls Hkh vfèkd laLÑr lkfgR;&/kjk esa Hkkjrh; lekt
dk izR;adu izk;% izkekf.kd :i ls gksrk jgk gSA
laLÑr dk egÙo osQoy izkphurk vFkok fo"k;&O;kidrk dh n`f"V ls gh ugha]
vfirq ns'k osQ cgqHkkf"kd ifjn`'; esa jk"Vª dh ,drk osQ fy, Hkh loksZifj gSA Hkkjr
dh vU; Hkk"kkvksa ij laLÑr osQ O;kdj.k 'kCn&laifÙk rFkk okD;&jpuk dk O;kid
izHkko izR;{k ;k ijks{k :i ls iM+k gSA vk/qfud laLÑr vU; Hkk"kkvksa osQ leku
Hkkjrh; cgqHkkf"kdrk dk ,d vfHkUu vax gSA cgqHkk"kh d{kk esa vU; Hkk"kkvksa dks
lh[kus esa ftl izdkj laLÑr lgk;d gS] mlh izdkj d{kk esa miyC/ cgqHkkf"kdrk
(Multilingualism) dk laLÑr lh[kus esa Hkh mi;ksx gks ldrk gSA
izkphu laLÑr lkfgR; nks :iksa esa (oSfnd rFkk ykSfdd) miyCèk gSA oSfndlkfgR; lafgrk] czkã.k] vkj.;d rFkk mifu"kn~ osQ :i esa gSA ÍXosn] ;tqosZn]
lkeosn rFkk vFkoZosn bu pkjksa dks lafgrk dgrs gSa ftuesa ;K rFkk vU; fo"k;ksaosQ eU=kksa dk ladyu gSA bu eU=kksa dk mi;ksx crkus osQ fy, dbZ czkã.k xzUFk fy[ksx;s gaSA oSfnd deZdk.M dh izrhdkRed O;k[;k vkj.;d esa gS] mifu"kn~ oSfndn'kZu dk izkS<+ :i gSA osnksa dks lgh lanHkZ esa le>us osQ fy, osnkÄõ cus ftudh
vi
la[;k Ng gSμ f'k{kk (mPpkj.k&foKku)] O;kdj.k (in&foKku)] NUn (i|kRedeU=kksa esa NUn O;oLFkk)] fu#Dr (vFkZ&foKku)] T;ksfr"k (dky rFkk [kxksy dkfoKku) rFkk dYi (deZdk.M rFkk vkpkj dk 'kkL=k)A
ykSfdd laLÑr dk vkjaHk vkfndfo okYehfd }kjk jfpr jkek;.k ls gqvk ftlesa
vkn'kZ egkiq#"k jke dk thou&pfjr of.kZr gSA blesa oSfnd Hkk"kk ls ifj"Ñr ykSfdd
dkO;&Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx gSA ;g lkr dk.Mksa esa foHkDr gS ftUgsa lxks± esa foHkDr fd;k
x;k gSA blesa 24000 'yksd gaSA ,d vU; izkjfEHkd fo'kky xzUFk osnO;kl&jfpr
egkHkkjr gS ftlesa ,d yk[k 'yksd gSaA ;g xzUFk vêòkjg ioks± eas foHkDr gSA dkSjoksa
vkSj ik.Moksa osQ chp gqvk egk;q¼ bldk eq[; dFkkud gS ftlesa vU;k; ij U;k;
dh fot; gqbZ Fkh (;rks /eZLrrks t;%)A egkHkkjr esa Hkkjrh; thou&i¼fr osQ
O;kid i{kksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd bls lok±xiw.kZ vkpkj&xzUFk
osQ :i esa ekuk x;k gSA yksdksfDr gSμ ;Uu Hkkjrs rUu Hkkjrs (tks egkHkkjr esaugha og Hkkjr esa ugha)A egkHkkjr osQ Hkh"e ioZ esa mfYyf[kr Hkxon~xhrk vc ,d
izfl¼ rFkk Lora=k xzUFk osQ :i esa izfl¼ gS ftlesa ;q¼ osQ vkjEHk esa Ñ".k }kjk
vtqZu dks deZ;ksx dk mins'k fn;k x;k gSA ijorhZ laLÑr dfo;ksa us jkek;.k rFkk
egkHkkjr ls dFkkud ysdj vusd xzUFkksa dk iz.k;u fd;k gSA
izkphu Hkkjr osQ /kfeZd rFkk ykSfdd fo"k;ksa dk o.kZu iqjk.k lkfgR; esa feyrk
gSA eq[; iqjk.k vêòkjg gSaA iqjk.kksa esa jk"Vªh; ,drk dk iz;kl feyrk gSA rhFkZ;k=kk]
ouksa] ioZrksa] vkSj ufn;ksa dks J¼s; fn[kkdj iqjk.kksa us i;kZoj.k ,oa lkaLÑfrd ,drk
osQ egÙo dk ekxZ iz'kLr fd;kA Hkkjrh; lekt dks vkn'kksZUeq[k djus esa iqjk.kksa dk
cgqr ;ksxnku gSA
rnuUrj laLÑr lkfgR; osQ fofo/ :iksa dk izLiqQVu ,oa fodkl gksrk gSA ,d
vksj laLÑr ukVdksa dh fujUrj /kjk pyh rks nwljh vksj x|&i| esa jps x, NksVs&cM+s
dkO;ksa dk izokg feyrk gSA ;gh ijEijk vkt rd py jgh gSA oqQN dfo;ksa us
vusd fo/kvksa esa jpuk,¡ dha] tSlsμ laLÑr osQ lcls izfl¼ dfo dkfynkl us nks
egkdkO; (j?kqoa'k] oqQekjlaHko)] nks xhfrdkO; (Írqlagkj] es?knwr) vkSj rhu ukVd
(vfHkKku'kkoqQUry] foØeksoZ'kh;] ekyfodkfXufe=k) fy[ksA
izkphu ukVddkjksa esa Hkkl (13 ukVdksa osQ jpf;rk)] 'kwnzd] fo'kk[knÙk (eqnzkjk{kl)]
g"kZ] Hkêðukjk;.k] HkoHkwfr vkfn gSaA oqQN ukVddkjksa us izglu] Hkk.k vkfn fy[kdj
vii
vius dky osQ tu&thou osQ foÑr i{k dk O;aX;iw.kZ fp=k.k fd;k gSA izkphuegkdfo;ksa esa v'o?kks"k] Hkkjfo] Hkfêð] ek?k] {ksesUnz] Jhg"kZ vkfn gaSA fcYg.k(foØekadnsopfjr)] dYg.k (jktrjafx.kh) vkfn us ,sfrgkfld egkdkO; fy[ksA
xhfrdkO; ;k y?kqdkO; osQ ys[kdksa esa HkrZgfj (uhfr] Ükaxkj vkSj oSjkX; 'krd)]ve#d (ve#'krd)] t;nso (xhrxksfoan)] txUukFk (Hkkfeuhfoykl) izfl¼ gSaAx|dkO; osQ ys[kdksa esa lqcU/q] ck.kHk^ (g"kZpfjr vkSj dknEcjh)] n.Mh (n'koqQekjpfjr)]vfEcdknÙk O;kl (f'kojkt fot;) vkfn gSaA
laLÑr okÄ~e; dkO;'kkL=k] O;kdj.k'kkL=k] n'kZu'kkL=k] /eZ'kkL=k] jkt'kkL=k] vk;qosZn]T;ksfr"k rFkk dks'k vkfn osQ gtkjksa xzUFkksa dh yEch ijEijk ls Hkh lefUor gSA ;sxzUFk Hkkjrh; fo}kuksa dh miyfC/ vfHkO;Dr djrs gSaAizLrqr ladyu % jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ }kjk fu/kZfjrfo|ky;h f'k{kk osQ fy, jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ dh :ijs[kk] 2005 osQ vkyksd esaekè;fed Lrj (d{kk 9 rFkk 10) osQ fy, oSdfYid fo"k; osQ :i esa laLÑrikB~;Øe fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ikB~;p;kZ esa fuEukafdr y{; j[ks x, gSaμ
HkkjeqDr f'k{kk dk dk;ZØeA
vkuUnizn vuqHkwfr osQ :i esa f'k{kk dh izLrqfrA
f'k{kk dks thou osQ ifjos'k ls tksM+ukA
f'k{kk dh xq.koÙkk esa lq/kjA
d.Bkxz djus dh ijEijkxr fof/ ls gVdj Nk=kksa dks fparu osQ fy, izsfjr djukA
Nk=kksa dh dYiuk'khyrk rFkk jpukRedrk dk fodklA
laLÑr ds uohu ikB~;Øe esa fu/kZfjr y{;ksa osQ vuq:i uoe d{kk osQ fy,'kseq"kh izFke Hkkx uked ikB~;iqLrd osQ vuarj n'ke d{kk osQ fy, ;g 'kseq"kh f}rh;Hkkx iqujhf{kr laLdj.k (2017) izLrqr fd;k tk jgk gSA bl ladyu esa laLÑrdks thoUr Hkk"kk osQ :i esa ns[kk x;k gS ftldh /kjk fujUrj izokfgr gksrh jghgSA blhfy, blesa vk/qfud laLÑr jpukvksa osQ lekos'k osQ lkFk vU; Hkk"kkvksa osQlkfgR; ls vuwfnr ikBksa dks Hkh xzg.k fd;k x;k gSA ikBksa osQ vkjEHk esa ikB&lUnHkZfn, x, gSa ftuls ikB&izlaxksa dks le>k tk losQA Nk=kksa dks lh[kus dk vf/dkfèkdvolj fey losQ blfy, ikBksa osQ vUr esa fofo/ vH;klksa okyh iz'ukoyh nh
x;h gSA
viii
Nk=k ikBksa dks Lo;eso le> losaQ blosQ fy, ^'kCnkFkkZ%* 'kh"kZd osQ vUrxZr ikB
esa vk, uohu rFkk dfBu 'kCnksa osQ laLÑr rFkk fganh esaa vFkZ fn, x, gSaA
^;ksX;rk&foLrkj* osQ vUrxZr ,slh lkexzh nh xbZ gS ftlls Nk=k Kku osQ vfxze pj.k
dh vksj lgt mUeq[k gks losaQA vè;kidksa osQ fy, i;kZIr f'k{k.k&laosQr fn, x, gSa
rkfd fu/kZfjr ikB~; fcanqvksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj vè;kiu dj loasQA ikBksa dks n';
fof/ ls Li"V djus osQ fy, fo"k;kuqowQy fp=k Hkh fn, x, gSaA
bl iqLrd eas oqQy 12 ikB j[ks x, gaSA buesa lkr ikB izkphu xzUFkksa ls rFkk
ik¡p ikB vk/qfud ekSfyd vFkok vuwfnr laLÑr jpukvksa ls fy, x, gSaA bl izdkj
bl iqLrd esa ik¡p izdkj osQ ikB gSaμ
(d) laLÑr dh izkphu iqLrdksa lsμ f'k'kqykyue~] O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%] cqf¼cZyorhlnk] lqHkkf"krkfu] izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~] vU;ksDr;%] tuuh rqY;oRlykA
([k) laLÑr dh vk/qfud ekSfyd jpukvksa lsμ 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ rFkk lkSgknZaizÑrs% 'kksHkk] fofp=k% lk{khA
(x) vU; Hkk"kkvksa ls laLÑr esa vuwfnrμlwDr;%A(?k) yfyr fuca/μHkwoQEifoHkhf"kdkA(Ä) laoknkRed ikBμlkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkkA
vk/qfud laLÑr ys[kdksa esa ^'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~* osQ dfo izks- gfjnÙk 'kekZ bykgkckn
osQUnzh; fo'ofo|ky; esa laLÑr osQ ofj"B vkpk;Z gSaA mudh vusd dkO;&Ñfr;k¡
izdkf'kr gaSA ^fofp=k% lk{kh* osQ ys[kd Jh vkseizdk'k BkoqQj gaS ftUgksaus vk/qfud
ifjos'k dh vusd laLÑr dFkk,¡ fy[kh gSaA ^HkwdEi foHkhf"kdk* vk/qfud ;qx dk
ladfyr fucU/ gS ftlesa ,d uSlfxZd mRikr dk o.kZu gSA blosQ vfrfjDr ^lkSgknZa
izÑrs 'kksHkk* ,d laoknkRed ikB gS ftlesa bl izÑfr esa fo|eku lHkh thoksa osQ
egÙo dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS vkSj lejlrk dk lans'k fn;k x;k gSA
vè;kidksa ls fuosnulaLÑr osQ izfr Nk=kksa eas vfHk#fp mRiUu djus osQ fy, d{kk esa fo|eku
cgqHkkf"kdrk dks vk/kj osQ :i esa mi;ksx djsaA fgUnh] vaxzs -th rFkk vU; {ks=kh;
Hkk"kkvksa dks ekè;e cukrs gq, laLÑr Hkk"kk esa n{k gksus osQ fy, Nk=kkas dks mUeq[k
djus dk iz;kl djsaA
ix
laLÑr O;kdj.k dk vè;kiu ikB~;iqLrd esa vk, gq, iz;ksxksa dks vk/kj cukdj
djuk lehphu gksxkA blls Nk=kksa esa d.BLFkhdj.k dh izo`fÙk dh vis{kk ltZukRed
{kerk dk vfèkdkf/d fodkl gks losQxkA
è;krO; fcUno%1- 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~μ f'k{kd Nk=kksa ds mPpkj.k rFkk lLoj okpu@xk;u ij -tksj nsaA
2- cqf¼cZyorh lnkμ cqf¼ vkSj 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr dk rkjrE; le>k,¡A dFkk ls
feyrh&tqyrh nwljh ?kVukvksa dk Hkh mYys[k djsaA bl dFkk esa jkspdrk rFkk
mins'k osQ fcUnqvksa dks Li"V djsaA
3- O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%μ O;k;ke osQ ykHk dks Nk=kksa dks le>k,¡ rFkk blosQ
LFkk;h iz;ksx ij cy nsrs gq, 'yksdkas dk lLoj ikB fl[kk,¡A
4- f'k'kqykyue~μ jke vkSj oqQ'k&yo osQ feyu dks ikfjokfjd lUnHkZ esa izLrqr
dj ikB dks i<+k,¡A oqQ'k&yo dh ljyrk rFkk LokfHkeku ij cy nsaA jke
osQ okRlY; dk Hkh fu:i.k djsaA jaxeap ij vfHku; }kjk Hkh bldh izLrqfr
djkbZ tk ldrh gSA
5- tuuh rqY;oRlykμ egkHkkjr ij vk/kfjr bl ikB dk vkjaHk ekrk osQ
eerke; O;ogkj osQ mnkgj.kksa osQ lkFk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
6- lqHkkf"krkfuμ laLÑr rFkk vU; Hkk"kkvksa esa lqHkkf"kr i|ksa rFkk okD;ksa dk
egÙo le>k,¡A 'yksdksa dk lLoj okpu fl[kk,¡A
7- lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkkμ lekt esa esytksy dh n`f"V ls bl ikB esa i'kq&if{k;ksa
osQ ekè;e ls lkekftd lejlrk dk lUns'k fn;k x;k gSA
8- fofp=k% lk{khμ fdlh fooknkLin fo"k; osQ lek/ku esa lk{kh (xokg]
witness) dh vko';drk le>krs gq, dFkk dks jkspd <ax ls izLrqr djsaA
U;k;k/h'k dh cqf¼eÙkk ij cy nasA
9- lwDr;%μ vU; Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh fo|eku vewY; fuf/;ksa osQ laLÑr :ikUrj.k
dh iwoZihfBdk ls bl ikB dk vkjaHk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
10- HkwoQEifoHkhf"kdkμ izkÑfrd minzoksa (tSls& ck<+] HkwL[kyu] HkwoQEi) dh
vfuf'prrk crkdj buls cpus osQ mik;ksa ij cy nsaA ikB dks Nk=kksa }kjk
okpu dk Hkh vkxzg djsaA O;kdj.k dk Hkh vuqiz;qDr :i ls mi;ksx fl[kk,¡A
x
11- izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~μ ukVdh; okpu Nk=kksa }kjk ukVd i<+ok,¡] fe=k osQ
egÙo ij laLÑr rFkk vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ls m¼j.k nsa] Nk=kksa ls Hkh iwNasA
12- vU;ksDr;%μ dkO; esa vU;ksfDr dk egÙo crk,¡] izkÑfrd inkFkks± ls ekuo
dks lh[kus osQ fy, mi;ksxh Hkkoksaa dks izdkf'kr djas] 'yksdksa dk lLoj okpu
fl[kk,¡ rFkk ;FkkFkZ osQ o.kZu osQ mís'; (fLFkfr esa lqèkkj osQ mik;) ij izdk'k
MkyasA
Nk=kksa dh lqxerk dks è;ku esa j[kdj izR;{k] O;kdj.k ,oa vuqokn i¼fr;ksa dh
lefUor fof/ osQ lkFk&lkFk d{kk esa miyC/ cgqHkkf"kdrk dks vk/kj cukdj ikBksa
dk vè;kiu djsa rkfd laLÑr vè;;u dks ljy ls dfBu lksikuksa ij pyus osQ
Øe esa jkspd rFkk mi;ksxh cuk;k tk losQA
;|fi ifj"kn~ dh vU; laLÑr iqLrdksa osQ leku bl ladyu (f}rh;ksa Hkkx%)
dks Hkh Nk=kksa osQ vuq:i cukus dk Hkjiwj iz;kl fd;k x;k gS rFkkfi bls vkSj Hkh
vf/d mi;ksxh rFkk Lrjh; cukus osQ fy, ge vuqHkoh laLÑr vè;kidksa osQ
cgqewY; lq>koksa dk Lokxr djsaxsA
xi
ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr
vè;{k Hkk"kk lykgdkj lfefrukeoj flag] iwoZ vè;{k] Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk osQUnz] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] u;h fnYyh
eq[; lykgdkj
jk/koYyHk f=kikBh] iwoZ vè;{k] laLÑr foHkkx] gfjflag xkSj fo'ofo|ky;] lkxj
eq[; leUo;d
jketUe 'kekZ] iwoZ izks-isQlj ,oa vè;{k] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- u;h fnYyh
lnL;
v'kksd oqQekj 'kqDy] Vh-th-Vh-] osaQnzh; fo|ky;] ,-th-lh-vkj- dkWyksuh] fnYyh
vkn'kZ vkgwtk] Vh-th-Vh-] Mh-ih-,l-] eFkqjk jksM] u;h fnYyh
vkHkk >k] Vh-th-Vh-] loksZn; fo|ky;] vk;kuxj] u;h fnYyh
mek'kadj 'kekZ ^½f"k* (lsokfuo`Ùk izks-isQlj)] foHkkxkè;{k] iVuk fo'ofo|ky;] iVuk
deykdkUr feJ] izks-isQlj laLÑr] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh
osQ'kjhuUnu f}osnh] Vh-th-Vh-] osQUnzh; fo|ky; ua- 2] ok;qlsuk LFky] rstiqj] vle
fueZy feJ] Vh-th-Vh-] osQUnzh; fo|ky;] ts-,u-;w- oSaQil] u;h fnYyh
;nqukFk izlkn nqcs] izks-isQlj] lEiw.kkZuUn laLÑr fo'ofo|ky;] okjk.klh
j.kftr csgsjk] izoDrk laLÑr] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh
jes'k oqQekj ik.Ms;] vè;{k] 'kks/ ,oa izdk'ku foHkkx] Jh ykycgknqj 'kkL=kh jkf"Vª;
laLÑr fo|kihB] u;h fnYyh
lnL;&leUo;d
Ñ".kpUnz f=kikBh] izks-IksQlj] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- u;h fnYyh
xii
vkHkkj
jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ mu lHkh fo"k;&fo'ks"kKksa ,oa f'k{kdksa
osQ izfr ÑrKrk Kkfir djrh gS ftUgksaus bl iqLrd osQ fuekZ.k esa viuk lfØ;
;ksxnku fn;k gSA
ifj"kn~ izks-isQlj gfjnÙk 'kekZ] Jh vkseizdk'k BkoqQj izHk`fr vk/qfud lkfgR;dkjksa
dh Hkh vkHkkjh gS ftudh Ñfr;ksa ls izLrqr iqLrd esa ikB~;lkexzh lÄïfyr dh xbZ
gSA izks- jes'k oqQekj ik.Ms;] oqQyifr] Jh yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh jk"Vªh; laLÑr fo|kihB]
fnYyh_ izks- jes'k Hkkj}kt] laLÑr foHkkx] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh_ izks- jatuk
vjksM+k] ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ izks- trhUnz eksgu feJ] Hkk"kk f'k{kk foHkkx]
,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh-] u;h fnYyh_ MkW- vkHkk >k] ih-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] xkxhZ loksZn;
dU;k fo|ky;] xzhuikoZQ] u;h fnYyh_ MkW- ohjsUnz oqQekj] Vh-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)]
osQUnzh; fo|ky;] iQjhnkckn u- 1] u;h fnYyh_ ljkst iqjh] (lsokfuo`Ùk)] Vh-th-Vh]
(laLÑr)] Mh-,-oh- fo|ky;] ihreiqjk] u;h fnYyh rFkk Jherh yrk vjksM+k] lsokfuoÙk]
Vh-th-Vh-] (laLÑr)] osaQnzh; fo|ky; laxBu] u;h fnYyh us iqLrd iqujh{k.k esa
vusdfo/ lg;ksx ,oa ekxZn'kZu fd;k gSA ifj"kn~ lHkh osQ izfr gkfnZd ÑrKrk
O;Dr djrh gSA
ifj"kn~ fuxjkuh lfefr osQ lEekU; lnL;ksa fo'ks"kr% izks- f'koth mikè;k; osQ
izfr gkfnZd vkHkkj O;Dr djrh gSA
izdk'ku dk;Z esa lfØ; lg;ksx osQ fy, Hkk"kk foHkkx osQ ,oa LVs'ku bapktZ]
ij'kjke dkSf'kd_ losZUnz oqQekj ,oa lrh'k >k] dkWih ,MhVj_ jkteÄõy ;kno] izwiQ jhMj]
;klehu v'kjiQ] ts-ih-,iQ- laLÑr] deys'k vk;kZ rFkk oqQ- vuhrk Mh-Vh-Ikh- vkWijsVjèkU;okn osQ ik=k gSaA
xiii
fo"k;kuqØef.kdk
iqjksoko~Q iii
Hkwfedk v
eÄõye~ 1
izFke% ikB% 'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 3
f}rh;% ikB% cqf¼cZyorh lnk 13
rrh;% ikB% O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 22
prqFkZ% ikB% f'k'kqykyue~ 30
i×pe% ikB% tuuh rqY;oRlyk 40
"k"B% ikB% lqHkkf"krkfu 48
lIre% ikB% lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 56
v"Ve% ikB% fofp=k% lk{kh 66
uoe% ikB% lwDr;% 75
n'ke% ikB% HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 82
,dkn'k% ikB% izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 90
}kn'k% ikB% vU;ksDr;% 99
xiv
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 1
eÄõye~
¬ rPp{kqns Zofgra iqjLrkPNqØeqPpjr~ Ai';se 'kjn% 'kra those 'kjn% 'kre~ AÜk`.kq;ke 'kjn% 'kra izczoke 'kjn% 'kre~ Avnhuk% L;ke 'kjn% 'kre~A Hkw;'p 'kjn% 'krkr~ AA1AA
(;tqosZn 36-24)vk uks Hknzk% Øroks ;Urq fo'orks&¿nC/klks vijhrkl mn~fHkn% Ansok uks ;Fkk lnfen~ o`/s vl&Uuizk;qoks jf{krkjks fnosfnos AA2AA
(ÍXosn 1-89-1)
HkkokFkZ%
nsoksa }kjk fu:fir ;g 'kqDy o.kZ dk us=k :i (lw;Z) iwoZ fn'kk esa mQij mB pqdk gSAge lc lkS o"kksZa rd ns[krs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd thrs jgsa] lkS o"kksZa rd lqurs jgsa] lkS o"kksZard 'kq¼ :i ls cksyrs jgsa] lkS o"kks± rd LokoyEch (vnhu) cus jgsa vkSj ;g lc lkSo"kksZa ls Hkh vf/d pyrk jgs AA1AAgekjs ikl pkjksa vksj ls ,sls dY;k.kdkjh fopkj vkrs jgsa tks fdlh ls u ncsa] mUgsa dghals ckf/r u fd;k tk losQ (vijhrkl%) ,oe~ vKkr fo"k;ksa dks izdV djus okys(mn~fHkn%) gksa] izxfr dks u jksdus okys (vizk;qo%) rFkk lnSo j{kk esa rRij nsox.kizfrfnu gekjh o`f¼ osQ fy, rRij jgsa AA2AA
izFke ikB%
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~
v;a ikB% vk/qfudlaLÑrdos% gfjnÙk'keZ.k% ¶ylYyfrdk¸ bfr jpuklÄ~xzgkr~lÄ~dfyrks¿fLrA v=k dfo% egkuxjk.kka ;U=kkf/D;su izof/Zriznw"k.kksifj fpfUrreuk%n';rsA l% dFk;fr ;n~ bna ykSgpoazQ 'kjhjL; eul'p 'kks"kde~ vfLrA vLeknso ok;qe.Myaefyua HkofrA dfo% egkuxjh;thoukr~ lqnwja unh&fu>Zja o`{klewga yrkoqQ×taif{koqQydyjoowQftra ouçns'ka çfr xeuk; vfHky"kfrA
nqoZge=k thfora tkra izÑfrjso 'kj.ke~A'kqfp&i;kZoj.ke~AA
egkuxjeè;s pynfu'ka dkyk;lpØe~Aeu% 'kks"k;r~ ruq% is"k;n~ Hkzefr lnk oØe~AAnqnkZUrSnZ'kuSjequk L;kUuSo tuxzlue~A 'kqfp---AA1AA
dTtyefyua /wea eq×pfr 'kr'kdVh;kue~Aok"i;kuekyk la/kofr forjUrh èokue~AA;kukuka iÄ~Dr;ks áuUrk% dfBua lalj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA2AA
4 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ok;qe.Mya Hk'ka nwf"kra u fg fueZya tye~A
oqQfRlroLrqfefJra Hk{;a leya /jkrye~AA
dj.kh;a cfgjUrtZxfr rq cgq 'kq¼hdj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA3AA
df×pr~ dkya u; ekeLekUuxjkn~ cgqnwje~A
izi';kfe xzkekUrs fu>Zj&unh&i;%iwje~AA
,dkUrs dkUrkjs {k.kefi es L;kr~ l×pj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA4AA
gfjrr:.kka yfyryrkuka ekyk je.kh;kA
oqQlqekofy% lehjpkfyrk L;kUes oj.kh;kAA
uoekfydk jlkya fefyrk #fpja laxeue~A 'kqfp---AA5AA
vf; py cU/ks! [kxoqQydyjo xqf×trouns'ke~A
iqj&dyjo lEHkzfertusH;ks /`rlq[klUns'ke~AA
pkdfpD;tkya uks oqQ;kZTthforjlgj.ke~A 'kqfp---AA6AA
izLrjrys yrkr#xqYek uks HkoUrq fi"Vk%A
ik"kk.kh lH;rk fulxsZ L;kUu lekfo"VkAA
ekuok; thoua dke;s uks thoUej.ke~A 'kqfp---AA7AA
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 5
'kCnkFkkZ%
nqoZge~ & nq"dje~ & dfBu] nwHkj & Difficult
thfore~ & thoue~ & thou & Life
vfu'ke~ & vgfuZ'ke~ & fnu&jkr & Day and Night
dkyk;lpØe~ & ykSgpØe~ & yksgs dk pØ & Iron wheel
'kks"k;r~ & 'kq"dhoqQoZr~ & lq[kkrs gq, & Drying
ruq% & 'kjhje~ & 'kjhj & Body
is"k;n~ & fi"VhoqQoZr~ & ihlrs gq, & Grinding
oØe~ & oqQfVye~ & Vs<+k & Askew
nqnkZUrS% & Hk;VjS% & Hk;kud (ls) & Scary
n'kuS% & nUrS% & nk¡rksa ls & By teeth
vequk & vusu & blls & By thus
tuxzlue~ & tuHk{k.ke~ & ekuo fouk'k & Destruction ofhumans
dTtyefyue~ & dTtysu efyue~ & dkty&lk efyu (dkyk)&Black as kohl/we% & vfXuokg% & /qvk¡ & Smoke
eq×pfr & R;tfr & NksM+rk gS & Releasing
'kr'kdVh;kue~ & 'kdVh;kukuka 'kre~& lSdM+ksa eksVj & Hundreds of
xkfM+;k¡ vehicles
ok"i;kuekyk & ok"i;kukuka iafDr%& jsyxkM+h dh iafDr & Row of trains
forjUrh & [email protected] oqQokZ.kk& nsrh gqbZ & Distributing
èokue~ & èofue~ & dksykgy & Sound
lalj.ke~ & l×pyue~ & pyuk & Movement
Hk'ka & vR;f/de~ & vR;f/d & Enormous
Hk{;e~ & [kk|inkFkZ & HkksT; inkFkZ & Eatable
leye~ & eysu ;qDre~ & ey;qDr] xUnxh ls ;qDr& Dirty
6 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
xzkekUrs & xzkeL; lhek;ke~ & xk¡o dh lhek ij & At village border
(lhfEu)
i;%iwje~ & tyk'k;e~ & ty ls Hkjk & Pond
gqvk rkykc
dkUrkjs & ous & taxy esa & In the forest
oqQlqekofy% & oqQlqekuka iafDr% & iwQyksa dh iafDr & Row of flowers
lehjpkfyrk & ok;qpkfyrk & gok ls pyk;h gqbZ & Moved by wind
#fpje~ & lqUnje~ & lqUnj & Attractive
[kxoqQydyjo & [kxoqQykuka dyjo% & if{k;ksa osQ lewg & Chirping of birds
(if{klewgèofUk%) dh èofu
pkdfpD;tkye~& Ñf=kea izHkkoiw.k± & pdkpkSa/ Hkjh nqfu;k & Web of dazzle
txr~
izLrjrys & f'kykrys & iRFkjksa osQ ry ij & On the surface
of the rocks
yrkr#xqYek% & yrk'p rjo'p & yrk] o`{k vkSj >kM+h& Creepers, trees and
xqYek'p shrubs
ik"kk.kh & ioZre;h & iFkjhyh & Stony
fulxsZ & izÑR;ke~ & izÑfr esa & In the nature
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) v=k thfora dhn`'ka tkre~\
([k) vfu'ka egkuxjeè;s foaQ izpyfr\
(x) oqQfRlroLrqfefJra fdefLr\
(?k) vga dLeS thoua dke;s\
(Ä) osQ"kka ekyk je.kh;k\
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 7
2- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ(d) dfo% fdeFk± izo`Qrs% 'kj.ke~ bPNfr\
([k) dLekr~ dkj.kkr~ egkuxjs"kq lalj.ka dfBua orZrs\
(x) vLekoaQ i;kZoj.ks ¯d ¯d nwf"kre~ vfLr\
(?k) dfo% oqQ=k l×pj.ka drqZe~ bPNfr\
(Ä) LoLFkthouk; dhn`'ks okrkoj.ks Hkze.kh;e~\
(p) vfUres i|ka'ks dos% dk dkeuk vfLr\
3- lfUèka@lfU/foPNsna oqQ#rμ(d) izÑfr% $ ------------------------ ¾ izÑfrjso
([k) L;kr~ $ -------- $ -------- ¾ L;kUuSOk
(x) --------- $ vuUrk% ¾ áuUrk%
(?k) cfg% $ vUr% $ txfr ¾ ------------------------
(Ä) --------- $ uxjkr~ ¾ vLekUuxjkr~
(p) le~ $ pj.ke~ ¾ ------------------------
(N) /wee~ $ eq×pfr ¾ ------------------------
4- vèkksfyf[krkuke~ vO;;kuka lgk;r;k fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμHk`'ke~] ;=k] r=k] v=k] vfi] ,o] lnk] cfg%
(d) bnkuha ok;qe.Mya ------------------ iznwf"krefLrA
([k) ------------------ thoua nqoZge~ vfLrA
(x) izkÑfrd&okrkoj.ks {k.ka l×pj.ke~ ------------------ ykHknk;oaQ HkofrA
(?k) i;kZoj.kL; laj{k.ke~ ------------------ izÑrs% vkjk/ukA
(Ä) ------------------ le;L; lnqi;ksx% dj.kh;%A
(p) HkwdfEir≤s ------------------ xeueso mfpra HkofrA
(N) ------------------ gjhfrek ------------------ 'kqfp i;kZoj.ke~A
5- (v) v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka i;kZ;ina fy[krμ
(d) lfyye~ ------------------
([k) vkeze~ ------------------
8 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) oue~ ------------------
(?k) 'kjhje~ ------------------
(Ä) oqQfVye~ ------------------
(p) ik"kk.k% ------------------
(vk) v/ksfyf[krinkuka foykseinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krμ
(d) lqdje~ ------------------
([k) nwf"kre~ ------------------
(x) xg.kUrh ------------------
(?k) fueZye~ ------------------
(Ä) nkuok; ------------------
(p) lkUrk% ------------------
6- mnkgj.keuql`R; ikBkr~ fpRok p leLrinkfu lekluke p fy[krμ
;Fkk&foxzg inkfu leLrin lekluke
(d) eysu lfgre~ leye~ vO;;hHkko
([k) gfjrk% p ;s rjo% (rs"kka) ------------------
(x) yfyrk% p ;k% yrk% (rklke~) ------------------
(?k) uok ekfydk ------------------
(Ä) /`r% lq[klUns'k% ;su (re~) ------------------
(p) dTtye~ bo efyue~ ------------------
(N) nqnkZUrS% n'kuS% ------------------
7- js[kkfÄïr&inek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ
(d) 'kdVh;kue~ dTtyefyua /wea eq×pfrA
([k) m|kus if{k.kka dyjoa psr% izlkn;frA
lUr%
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 9
(x) ik"kk.khlH;rk;ka yrkr#xqYek% izLrjrys fi"Vk% lfUrA
(?k) egkuxjs"kq okgukuke~ vuUrk% iÄ~Dr;% /kofUrA
(Ä) izÑR;k% lfUu/kS okLrfooaQ lq[ka fo|rsA
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ikB vk/qfud laLÑr dfo gfjnÙk 'kekZ osQ jpuk laxzg ^ylYyfrdk* ls ladfyr gSAblesa dfo us egkuxjksa dh ;kaf=kd&cgqyrk ls c<+rs iznw"k.k ij fpUrk O;Dr djrs gq, dgkgS fd ;g ykSgpØ ru&eu dk 'kks"kd gS] ftlls ok;qe.My vkSj Hkwe.My nksuksa efyu gksjgs gSaA dfo egkuxjh; thou ls nwj] unh&fu>Zj] o`{klewg] yrkoqQ×t ,oa if{k;ksa ls xqf×trouizns'kksa dh vksj pyus dh vfHkyk"kk O;Dr djrk gSAlekl & lelua lekl%
lekl dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gksrk gS& la{ksiA nks ;k nks ls vf/d 'kCnksa osQ feyus ls tksu;k vkSj laf{kIr :i curk gS] og lekl dgykrk gSA lekl osQ eq[;r% pkj Hksn gSaμ
1- vO;;hHkko 2- rRiq#"k
3- cgqozhfg 4- }U}
1- vO;;hHkko
bl lekl esa igyk in vO;; gksrk gS vkSj ogh izèkku gksrk gS vkSj leLrin vO;;cu tkrk gSA
;Fkk& fueZf{kde~&ef{kdk.kke~ vHkko%A
;gk¡ izFkein fuj~ gS vkSj f}rh;in ef{kde~ gSA ;gk¡ ef{kdk dh iz/kurk u gksdjef{kdk dk vHkko iz/ku gS] vr% ;gk¡ vO;;hHkko lekl gSA oqQN vU; mnkgj.k ns[ksa&
(i) mixzkee~ & xzkeL; lehis & (lehirk dh iz/kurk)
(ii) futZue~ & tukuke~ vHkko% & (vHkko dh iz/kurk)
(iii) vuqjFke~ & jFkL; i'pkr~ & (i'pkr~ dh iz/kurk)
(iv) izfrx`ge~ & x`ga x`ga izfr & (izR;sd dh izèkkurk)
(v) ;Fkk'kfDr & 'kfDre~ vufrØE; & (lhek dh izèkkurk)
(vi) lpØe~ & poszQ.k lfgre~ & (lfgr dh izèkkurk)
10 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
2- rRiq#"k^izk;s.k mÙkjiniz/ku% rRiq#"k%* bl lekl esa izk;% mÙkjin dh iz/kurk gksrh gS vkSj iwoZin mÙkjin osQ fo'ks"k.k dk dk;Z djrk gSA leLrin esa iwoZin dh foHkfDrdk yksi gks tkrk gSA;Fkk& jktiq#"k% vFkkZr~ jktk dk iq#"kA ;gka¡ jktk dh iz/kurk u gksdj iq#"k dhiz/kurk gSA(i) xzkexr% & xzkea xr%A(ii) 'kj.kkxr% & 'kj.ke~ vkxr%A(iii) ns'kHkDr% & ns'kL; HkDr%A(iv) ¯lgHkhr% & ¯lgkr~ Hkhr%A(v) Hk;kiÂ% & Hk;e~ vkiÂ%A(vi) gfj=kkr% & gfj.kk =kkr%A
rRiq#"k lekl osQ nks izeq[k Hksn gSa&deZ/kj; vkSj f}xqA(ii) deZ/kj;μ bl lekl esa ,d in fo'ks"; rFkk nwljk in igys in dk fo'ks"k.k gksrk gSA
fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; Hkko osQ vfrfjDr mieku mies; Hkko Hkh deZ/kj; lekl dky{k.k gSA;Fkk&ihrkEcje~ & ihra p rr~ vEcje~Aegkiq#"k% & egku~ p vlkS iq#"k%AdTtyefyue~& dTtye~ bo efyue~Auhydeye~ & uhya p rr~ deye~Aehuu;ue~ & ehu bo u;ue~Aeq[kdeye~ & deye~ bo eq[ke~A
(ii) f}xqμ ^la[;kiwoksZ f}xq%* bl lekl esa igyk in la[;kokph gksrk gS vkSj lekgkj(,d=khdj.k ;k lewg) vFkZ dh iz/kurk gksrh gSA;Fkk& f=kHkqte~ & =k;k.kka Hkqtkuka lekgkj%Ablesa iwoZin ^f=k* la[;kokph gSAiapik=ke~ & iapkuka ik=kk.kka lekgkj%AiapoVh & iapkuka oVkuka lekgkj%AlIrf"kZ% & lIrkuka ½"kh.kka lekgkj%A
prq;qZxe~ & prq.kk± ;qxkuka lekgkj%A
'kqfpi;kZoj.ke~ 11
3- cgqozhfg^vU;iniz/ku% cgqczhfg%* bl lekl esa iwoZ rFkk mÙkj inksa dh iz/kurk u gksdj fdlhvU; in dh iz/kurk gksrh gSA;Fkk&ihrkEcj% & ihre~ vEcje~ ;L; l% (fo".kq%)A ;gk¡ u rks ihre~ 'kCn dh
iz/kurk gS vkSj u vEcje~ 'kCn dh vfirq ihrkEcj/kjh fdlhvU; O;fDr (fo".kq) dh iz/kurk gSA
uhyd.B% & uhy% d.B% ;L; l% (f'ko%)An'kkuu% & n'k vkuukfu ;L; l% (jko.k%)AvusddksfVlkj% & vusddksfV% lkj% (/ue~) ;L; l%Afoxfyrle`f¼e~ & foxfyrk le`f¼% ;L; re~ (iqjQ"ke~)Aiz{kkfyrikne~ & iz{kkfyrkS iknkS ;L; re~ (tue~)A
4- }U}
^mHk;iniz/ku% }U}%* bl lekl esa iwoZin vkSj mÙkjin nksuksa dh leku :i ls izèkkurkgksrh gSA inksa osQ chp esa ^p* dk iz;ksx foxzg esa gksrk gSA;Fkk&jkey{e.kkS & jke'p y{e.k'pAfirjkS & ekrk p firk pA/ekZFkZdkeeks{kk% & /eZ'p] vFkZ'p] dke'p] eks{k'pAolUrxzh"ef'kf'kjk% & olUr'p xzh"e'p f'kf'kj'pA
dfoifjp; & izks- gfjnÙk 'kekZ bykgkckn osQUnzh; fo'ofo|ky; esa laLÑr osQ vkpk;Z jgsgSaA buosQ dbZ laLÑr dkO; izdkf'kr gks pqosQ gSaA tSls& xhroaQnfydk] f=kiFkxk] mRdfydk]ckyxhrkyh] vkØUnue~] ylYyfrdk bR;kfnA budh jpukvksa esa lekt dh folaxfr;ksa osQ izfrvkØks'k rFkk LoLFk okrkoj.k osQ izfr fn'kkfunsZ'k osQ Hkko izkIr gksrs gSaA
HkkofOkLrkj%
ifFkoh] tya] rstks ok;qjkdk'k'psfr i×pegkHkwrkfu izÑrs% izeq[krÙokfuA ,rS% rÙoSjso i;kZoj.kL;jpuk HkofrA vkfoz;rs ifjr% leUrkr~ yksdks¿ususfr i;kZoj.ke~A ifj"Ñra iznw"k.kjfgra pi;kZoj.keLeH;a loZfo/thoulq[ka nnkfrA vLekfHk% lnSo rFkk iz;frrO;a ;Fkk tya LFkya xxu×pfueZya L;kr~A i;kZoj.klEc¼k% osQpu 'yksdk% v/ksfyf[krk% lfUrμ
12 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
;Fkkμi`fFkoha ifjrks O;kI;] rkekPNk| fLFkra p ;r~A
txnk/kj:is.k] i;kZoj.keqP;rsAAiznw"k.kfo"k;sμ
l`"VkS fLFkrkS fouk'ks p u`foKScZgquk'kde~Ai×prÙofo#¼a ;Rlkf/ra rRiznw"k.ke~AA
ok;qiznw"k.kfo"k;sμizf{kIrks okguS/Zwe% o`Q".k% cg~oidkjd%A
nq"VSjlk;uS;qZDrks ?kkrd% 'okl#Xog%AAtyiznw"k.kfo"k;sμ
;U=k'kkyk ifjR;DrSuZxjsnwf"krnzoS%A
unhunkS leqnzk'p izf{kIrSnZw"k.ka xrk%AAiznw"k.k fuokj.kk; laj{k.kk; pμ
'kks/ua jksi.ka j{kko/Zua ok;qokfj.k%A
oukuka oU;oLrwuka Hkwes% laj{k.ka oje~AA,rs 'yksdk% i;kZoj.kdkO;kr~ ladfyrk% lfUrArRle&rn~Hko&'kCnkukeè;;ue~μv/ksfyf[krkuka rRle'kCnkuka rnqn~Hkwrkuka p rn~Hko'kCnkuka ifjp;% dj.kh;%&
rRle rn~HkoizLrj & iRFkjok"i & HkkinqoZg & nwHkjoØ & ck¡dkdTty & dktypkdfpD; & pdkpd] pdkpkSa//we% & /qv¡k'kre~ & lkS (100)cfg% & ckgj
NUn% ifjp;%vfLeu~ xhrs 'kqfp i;kZoj.ke~ bfr /zqooaQ (LFkk;h) orZrsA rnfrfjDra loZ=k izfrifÄ~Dr 26ek=kk% lfUrA bna xhfrdkPNUnl% :iefLrA
izLrje~ok’i%nqoZg%odz%dTtye~pkdfpD;a
cqf¼cZyorh lnk 13
f}rh;% ikB%
cqf¼cZyorh lnk
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% ¶'kqdlIrfr%¸ dFkkxzUFkL; lEiknua ÑRok laxghrks¿fLrA v=k ikBka'ksLoy?kqiq=kkH;ka lg dkuuekxsZ.k firxga çfr xPNUR;k% cqf¼erhfr ukEU;k% efgyk;k%efrdkS'kya çnf'kZrks orZrsA ;k iqjr% lekxra flagefi HkhfreqRik| rr% fuokj;frA b;a dFkkuhfrfuiq.k;ks% 'kqdlkfjd;ks% dFkkekè;esu l}Ùks% fodklkFk± çsj;frA
vfLr nsmyk[;ks xzke%A r=k jkt¯lg% uke jktiq=k% olfr LeA ,dnk osQukfivko';ddk;sZ.k rL; Hkk;kZ cqf¼erh iq=k};ksisrk firqxZga izfr pfyrkA ekxsZxgudkuus lk ,oaQ O;k?kza nn'kZA lk O;k?kzekxPNUra n"V~ok /k"V~;kZr~ iq=kkS pisV;kizâR; txknμ¶dFkesoSQd'kks O;k?kzHk{k.kk; dyga oqQ#Fk%\ v;esdLrkof}HkT;HkqT;rke~A i'pkn~ vU;ks f}rh;% df'pYy{;rsA¸
bfr JqRok O;k?kzekjh dkfpfn;fefr eRok O;k?kzks Hk;koqQyfpÙkks u"V%A
l}`
14 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
futcqn~è;k foeqDrk lk Hk;kn~ O;k?kzL; HkkfeuhAvU;ks¿fi cqf¼ek¡YyksosQ eqP;rs egrks Hk;kr~AA
Hk;koqQya O;k?kza n"V~ok df'pr~ /wrZ% Ükxky% glÂkgμ ¶Hkoku~ oqQr% Hk;kr~iykf;r%\¸
O;k?kz%& xPN] xPN tEcqd! Roefi fdf×pn~ xw<izns'ke~A ;rks O;k?kzekjhfr ;k 'kkL=ks Jw;rs r;kga gUrqekjC/% ija xghrdjthforks u"V% 'kh?kza rnxzr%A
Ükxky%& O;k?kz! Ro;k egRdkSrqde~ vkosfnra ;Uekuq"kknfi fcHksf"k\
O;k?kz%& izR;{keso e;k lkReiq=kkosoSQd'kks ekeÙkqa dygk;ekukS pisV;k izgjUrh n"VkA
tEcqd%& Lokfeu~! ;=kkLrs lk /wrkZ r=k xE;rke~A O;k?kz! ro iqu% r=k xrL; lk lEeq[keih{krs ;fn] rfgZ Ro;k vga gUrO;% bfrA
O;k?kz%& Ükxky! ;fn Roa eka eqDRok ;kfl rnk osykI;osyk L;kr~A
tEcqd%& ;fn ,oa rfgZ eka futxys cn~èok py lRoje~A l O;k?kz% rFkk ÑRok dkuua ;;kSA Ükxkysu lfgra iqujk;kUra O;k?kza nwjkr~ n"V~ok cqf¼erh
fpfUrrorh&tEcqdÑrksRlkgkn~ O;k?kzkr~ dFka eqP;rke~\ ija izR;qRiÂefr% lk tEcqdekf{kiUR;ÄõqY;k rtZ;UR;qokpμ
js js /wrZ Ro;k nÙka eáa O;k?kz=k;a iqjkAfo'okL;k|Sdekuh; dFka ;kfl onk/qukAA
cqf¼cZyorh lnk 15
bR;qDRok /kfork rw.k± O;k?kzekjh Hk;ÄïjkA
O;k?kzks¿fi lglk u"V% xyc¼Ükxkyd%AA
,oa izdkjs.k cqf¼erh O;k?kztkn~ Hk;kr~ iqujfi eqDrk¿Hkor~A vr ,o mP;rs&
cqf¼cZyorh rfUo loZdk;sZ"kq loZnkAA
'kCnkFkkZ%
Hkk;kZ & iRuh & iRuh & Wife
iq=k};ksisrk & iq=k};su lfgrk & nksuksa iq=kksa osQ lkFk & With both sons
misrk & ;qDrk & ;qDr & Alongwith
dkuus & ous & taxy esa & In the forest
nn'kZ & vi';r~ & ns[kk & Saw
/k"V~;kZr~ & /`"VHkkokr~ & f<BkbZ ls & Withaudaciousness
pisV;k & djizgkjs.k & FkIiM+ ls & With a slap
izâR; & izgkjaÑRok & ekjdj & Attacking
txkn & mDrorh & dgk & He/she said
dyg% & fookn & >xM+k & Quarrel
foHkT; & foHkDra ÑRok & vyx&vyx djosQ & Dividing/(ck¡Vdj) sharing
y{;rs & vfUo";rs & ns[kk tk,xk] <w¡<+k & Will searchtk,xk
O;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr (gfUr) & ck?k dks ekjus okyh & Tiger killerbfr lady
u"V% & e`r%] iykf;r% & Hkkx x;k & Ran away
Hkkfeuh & Hkkfeuh] :iorh L=kh & :iorh L=kh & Beautiful lady
tEcqd% & Ük`xky% & fl;kj & Jackal
xw<izns'ke~ & xqIrizns'ke~ & xqIr izns'k esa & In a hiddenplace
16 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
x`ghrdjthfor%&gLrs izk.kkÂhRok & gFksyh ij izk.k ysdj & Risking life
vkosfnre~ & foKkfire~ & crk;k & Revealed
izR;{ke~ & le{ke~ & lkeus & In front ofeyes
lkReiq=kkS & lk vkReu% iq=kkS & og vius nksuksa iq=kksa dks& She to herboth sons
,oSQd'k% & ,de~ ,oaQ ÑRok & ,d ,d djosQ & One by one
vRrqe~ & Hk{kf;rqe~ & [kkus osQ fy, & To eat
dygk;ekukS& dyga oqQoZUrkS & >xM+k djrs & Both of themgq, (nks) dks quarreling
izgjUrh & izgkja oqQokZ.kk & ekjrh gqbZ & Attacking
bZZZ{krsrs & i';fr & ns[krh gS & Sees
osyk & le;% & 'krZ & Condition
vkf{kiUrh & vk{ksia oqQokZ.kk & vk{ksi djrh gqbZ] & Scolding
HkRlZuk djrh gqbZ f>M+drh gqbZ]
rtZ;Urh & rtZua oqQokZ.kk & /edkrh gqbZ] Mk¡Vrh gqbZ& Threatening
fo'okL; & lek'oL; & fo'okl fnykdj & Assuring
rw.kZe~ & 'kh?kze~ & tYnh] 'kh?kz & Quickly
Hk;Äïjk & Hk;a djksfr bfr & Hk;ksRikfndk & Horrible ladyxyc¼& & xys c¼% Ük`xky% & xys esa ca/s gq, & JackalsÜk`xkyd% Ük`xky okyk tied to his
neck
vfUreLs; 'yksdL; vUo;%μ
js js /wrZ! Ro;k eáa iqjk O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A fo'okL; (vfi) v| ,oQe~ vkuh; dFka ;kfl bfrv/quk onA bfr mDRok Hk;Vjk O;k?kzekjh rw.k± /kforkA xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% vfi lglk
u"V%A gs rfUo! loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq cqf¼cZyorhA
mÙkj
cqf¼cZyorh lnk 17
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) cqf¼erh oqQ=k O;k?kza nn'kZ\
([k) Hkkfeuh d;k foeqDrk\
(x) loZnk loZdk;sZ"kq dk cyorh\
(?k) O;k?kz% dLekr~ fcHksfr\
(Ä) izR;qRiUuefr% cqf¼erh fde~ vkf{kiUrh mokp\
2- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) cqf¼erh osQu misrk firqxZga izfr pfyrk\
([k) O;k?kz% ¯d fopk;Z iykf;r%\
(x) yksosQ egrks Hk;kr~ d% eqP;rs\
(?k) tEcqd% ¯d onu~ O;k?kzL; migkla djksfr\
(Ä) cqf¼erh Ük`xkya fde~ mDrorh\
3- LFkwyinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ
(d) r=k jkt¯lgks uke jktiq=k% olfr LeA
([k) cqf¼erh pisV;k iq=kkS izârorhA
(x) O;k?kza n`"V~ok /wrZ% Ük`xky% vonr~A
(?k) Roa ekuq"kkr~ fcHksf"kA
(Ä) iqjk Ro;k eáa O;k?kz=k;a nÙke~A
4- v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu ?kVukØekuqlkjs.k ;kst;rμ
(d) O;k?kz% O;k?kzekjh b;fefr eRok iykf;r%A([k) izR;qRiÂefr% lk Ük`xkya vkf{kiUrh mokpA
(x) tEcqdÑrksRlkg% O;k?kz% iqu% dkuue~ vkxPNr~A
(?k) ekxsZ lk ,oaQ O;k?kze~ vi';r~A
(Ä) O;k?kza n`"V~ok lk iq=kkS rkM;Urh mokp&v/quk ,deso O;k?kza foHkT; HkqT;rke~A
18 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(p) cqf¼erh iq=k};su misrk firqxZga izfr pfyrkA
(N) ^Roa O;k?kz=k;e~ vkusrqa* izfrKk; ,deso vkuhroku~A
(t) xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% O;k?kz% iqu% iykf;r%A
5- l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna ok oqQ#rμ
(d) firqxZge~ & ------------------ $ ------------------
([k) ,oSQd% & ------------------ $ ------------------
(x) ------------------ & vU;% $ vfi
(?k) ------------------ & bfr $ mDRok
(Ä) ------------------ & ;=k $ vkLrs
6- vèkksfyf[krkuka inkuke~ vFkZ% dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[krμ
(d) nn'kZ & (nf'kZroku~] n`"Voku~)
([k) txkn & (vdFk;r~] vxPNr~)
(x) ;;kS & (;kfproku~] xroku~)
(?k) vÙkqe~ & ([kkfnrqe~] vkfo"oQrqZe~)
(Ä) eqP;rs & (eqDrks Hkofr] eXuks Hkofr)
(p) bZ{krs & (i';fr] bPNfr)
7- (v) ikBkr~ fpRok i;kZ;ina fy[krμ
(d) oue~ & -----------------
([k) Ük`xky% & -----------------
(x) 'kh?kze~ & -----------------
(?k) iRuh & -----------------
(Ä) xPNfl & -----------------
(vk) ikBkr~ fpRok foijhrkFkZoaQ ina fy[krμ
(d) izFke% & -----------------
([k) mDRok & -----------------
cqf¼cZyorh lnk 19
(x) v/quk & -----------------
(?k) vosyk & -----------------
(Ä) cqf¼ghuk & -----------------
ifj;kstukdk;Ze~
cqf¼eR;k% LFkkus vkRekua ifjdYI; rn~Hkkouka LoHkk"k;k fy[krA
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ikB 'kqdlIrfr% uked izfl¼ dFkkxzUFk ls lEikfnr dj fy;k x;k gSA blesa vius nksNksVs&NksVs iq=kksa osQ lkFk taxy osQ jkLrs ls firk osQ ?kj tk jgh cqf¼erh uked ukjh osQcqf¼dkS'ky dks fn[kk;k x;k gS] tks lkeus vk, gq, 'ksj dks Mjkdj Hkxk nsrh gSA bl dFkkxzUFkesa uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk dh dgkfu;ksa osQ }kjk vizR;{k :i ls ln~o`fÙk dk fodkldjk;k x;k gSAHkkf"kdfoLrkj%
nn'kZ&n`'k~ /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFke iq#"k] ,dopu
fcHksf"k ^Hkh* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;e iq#"k] ,dopuAizgjUrh & iz $ â /krq] 'kr` izR;;] L=khfyÄõ iz-fo-,dopuAxE;rke~ & xe~ /krq] deZokP;] yksV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA;;kS & ^;k* /krq] fyV~ ydkj] izFkeiq#"k] ,dopuA;kfl & xPNfl ^;k* /krq] yV~ ydkj] eè;eiq#"k] ,dopuAA
lekl
xyc¼ Ük`xkyd% & xys c¼% Ük`xky% ;L; l%AizR;qRiÂefr% & izR;qRiUuk efr% ;L; l%ATkEcqdo`QrksRlkgkr~ & tEcqosQu Ñr% mRlkg% & tEcqdÑrksRlkg% rLekr~Aiq=k};ksisrk & iq=k};su misrkAHk;koqQyfpÙk% & Hk;su vkoqQy% fpÙke~ ;L; l%AO;k?kzekjh & O;k?kza ekj;fr bfrAx`ghrdjthfor% & x`ghra djs thfora ;su l%A
20 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
Hk;îï-jk & Hk;a djksfr ;k bfrA
xzUFk&ifjp; μ 'kqdlIrfr% osQ ys[kd vkSj dky osQ fo"k; esa ;|fi HkzkfUr cuh gqbZgS] rFkkfi bldk dky 1000 bZ- ls 1400 bZ- osQ eè; ekuk tkrk gSA gsepUnz us (1088&1172)esa 'kqdlIrfr% dk mYys[k fd;k gSA pkSngoha 'krkCnh esa bldk IkQkjlh Hkk"kk esa ^rwfrukeg*uke ls vuqokn gqvk FkkA
'kqdlIrfr% dk <k¡pk vR;Ur ljy vkSj euksjatd gSA gfjnÙk uked lsB dk enufouksnuked ,d iq=k FkkA og fo"k;klDr vkSj oqQekxZxkeh FkkA lsB dks nq%[kh ns[kdj mlosQ fe=kf=kfoØe uked czkã.k us vius ?kj ls uhfrfuiq.k 'kqd vkSj lkfjdk ysdj mlosQ ?kj tkdjdgk&bl liRuhd 'kqd dk rqe iq=k dh Hkk¡fr ikyu djksA bldk laj{k.k djus ls rqEgkjk nq[knwj gksxkA gfjnÙk us enufouksn dks og rksrk ns fn;kA rksrs dh dgkfu;ksa us enufouksn dk ân;ifjorZu dj fn;k vkSj og vius O;olk; esa yx x;kA
O;kikj izlax esa tc og ns'kkUrj x;k rc 'kqd viuh euksjatd dgkfu;ksa ls mldhiRuh dk rc rd fouksn djrk jgk] tc rd mldk ifr okil ugha vk x;kA la{ksi esa'kqdlIrfr% vR;f/d euksjatd dFkkvksa dk laxzg gSA
gu~ (ekjuk) /krks% :ie~AyV~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gfUr gr% ?ufUreè;eiq#"k% gfUl gFk% gFkmÙkeiq#"k% gfUe gUo% gUe%
y`V~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gfu";fr gfu";r% gfu";fUreè;eiq#"k% gfu";fl gfu";Fk% gfu";Fk
gafl
cqf¼cZyorh lnk 21
mÙkeiq#"k% gfu";kfe gfu";ko% gfu";ke%yÄ~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% vgu~ vgrke~ v?uu~eè;eiq#"k% vg% vgre~ vgrmÙkeiq#"k% vgue~ vgUo vgUe
yksV~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gUrq grke~ ?uUrqeè;eiq#"k% tfg gre~ grmÙkeiq#"k% gukfu guko guke
fof/fyÄ~ydkj%
,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~
izFkeiq#"k% gU;kr~ gU;krke~ gU;q%eè;eiq#"k% gU;k% gU;kre~ gU;krmÙkeiq#"k% gU;ke~ gU;ko gU;ke
vgu~
22 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
r`rh;% ikB%
O;k;ke% loZnk iF;%
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% vk;qosZnL; çfl¼xzUFk% ¶lqJqrlafgrk¸ bR;L; fpfdRlkLFkkus of.kZr&prqfo±'kkè;k;kr~ leq¼rks¿fLrA vfLeu~ vkpk;ZlqJqr% O;k;keL; ifjHkk"kka rsu tk;ekuku~ykHkku~ p fucks/;frA çkeq[;su 'kjhjlkS’oe~] dkfUr%] LiwQfrZ%] lfg".kqrk] vkjksX;a pbR;kn;% O;k;keL; ykHkk% lfUrA
'kjhjk;kltuua deZ O;k;kelafKre~ A
rRÑRok rq lq[ka nsga foen~uh;kr~ leUrr% AA1AA
'kjhjksip;% dkfUrxkZ=kk.kka lqfoHkDrrk A
nhIrkfXuRoeukyL;a fLFkjRoa yk?koa etk AA2AA
JeDyefiiklks".k&'khrknhuka lfg".kqrk A
vkjksX;a pkfi ijea O;k;keknqitk;rs AA3AA
u pkfLr ln'ka rsu fdf×pRLFkkSY;kid"kZ.ke~ A
u p O;k;kfeua eR;ZenZ;UR;j;ks cykr~ AA4AA
O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 23
u pSua lglkØE; tjk lef/jksgfr A
fLFkjhHkofr ekala p O;k;kekfHkjrL; p AA5AA
O;k;kefLoUuxk=kL; in~H;keqn~ofrZrL; p A
O;k/;ks uksiliZfUr oSurs;feoksjxk%
o;ks:ixq.kSghZuefi oqQ;kZRlqn'kZue~ AA6AA
O;k;kea oqQoZrks fuR;a fo#¼efi Hkkstue~ A
fonX/efonX/a ok funksZ"ka ifjiP;rs AA7AA
O;k;keks fg lnk iF;ks cfyuka fLuX/Hkksftuke~ A
l p 'khrs olUrs p rs"kka iF;re% LEkr% AA8AA
losZ"o`rq"ogjg% iqfEHkjkRefgrSf"kfHk% A
cyL;k/sZu dÙkZO;ks O;k;keks gUR;rks¿U;Fkk AA9AA
âfnLFkkufLFkrks ok;q;Znk oD=ka izi|rs A
O;k;kea oqQoZrks tUrksLrn~cyk/ZL; y{k.ke~ AA10AA
o;kscy'kjhjkf.k ns'kdkyk'kukfu p A
leh{; oqQ;kZn~ O;k;keeU;Fkk jksxekIuq;kr~ AA11AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
vk;kl% & iz;Ru%] iz;kl%] Je% & ifjJe & Effort
foe`n~uh;kr~ & enZ;sr~ & ekfy'k djuh pkfg, & Should massage
leUrr% & loZr% & iwjh rjg ls & All over
mip;% & vfHko`f¼% & o`f¼ & Growth
24 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
dkfUr% & vkHkk & ped & Glow
xk=ke~ & 'kjhje~ & 'kjhj & Body
lqfoHkDrrk & 'kkjhfjda lkS"Boe~ & 'kkjhfjd lkSUn;Z & Physcial beauty
nhIrkfXuRoe~ & tBjkXus% izo/Zue~ & tBjkfXu dk iznhIr & Stimulategksuk vFkkZr~ Hkw[k yxuk appetite
etk & LoPNhdj.ke~ & LoPN djuk & Cleanliness
Dye% & JetfuRka 'kSfFkY;e~ & Fkdku & Fatigue
fiiklk & ikrqe~ bPNk & I;kl & Thirst
m".k% & rki% & xehZ & Heat
LFkkSY;e~ & vfrekalyRoa] ihurk & eksVkik & Obesity
vid"kZ.ke~ & nwjhdj.ke~ & nwj djuk] de djuk& Removal
vnZ;fUr & vnZua oqQoZfUr & oqQpy Mkyrs gSa & Crush
vj;% & 'k=ko% & 'k=kqx.k & Enemies
vkØE; & vkØe.ka ÑRok & geyk djosQ & Attacking
tjk & ok/ZD;e~ & cq<+kik & Ageing
vfHkjrL; & layXuL; & rYyhu gksus okys dk& Of involved
fLoUuxk=kL; & Losnsu flDrL; & ilhus ls yFkiFk & Of a sweatful
'kjhjL; 'kjhj dk body
in~H;ke~ mn~ofrZrL;&in~H;ke~ mUuferL;& nksuksa iSjksa ls Åij & Exercises lifting
mBus okys O;k;ke; the feet
oSurs;% & x#M% & x#M+ & Garuda, the
devine king
of birds
mjx% & liZ% & lk¡i & Serpent
fonX/e~ & lqiDoe~ & Hkyh izdkj iosQ gq, & Well cooked
ifjiP;rs & th;Zrs & ip tkrk gS & Gets digested
vgu~ & fnol% & fnu & Day
O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 25
iF;e~ & vuqowQye~ & mfpr vkgkj & Appropriate diet
vgjg% & izfrfnue~ & gj jkst & Every day
iqfEHk% & iq#"kS% & iq#"kksa osQ }kjk & By men
v'kukfu & vkgkjk%@Hkkstukfu & Hkkstu & Food
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) ijee~ vkjksX;a dLekr~ mitk;rs\
([k) dL; ekala fLFkjhHkofr\
(x) lnk d% iF;%\
(?k) oSQ% iaqfHk% losZ"kq Írq"kq O;k;ke% drZO;%\
(Ä) O;k;kefLoUuxk=kL; lehia osQ u miliZfUr\
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) dhn`'ka deZ O;k;kelafKre~ dF;rs\
([k) O;k;kekr~ ¯d fdeqitk;rs\
(x) tjk dL; ldk'ka lglk u lef/jksgfr\
(?k) dL; fojQ¼efi Hkkstua ifjiP;rs\
(Ä) fd;rk cysu O;k;ke% drZO;%\
(p) v/ZcyL; y{k.ke~ fde~\
3- mnkgj.keuql`R; dks"Bdxrs"kq ins"kq r`rh;kfoHkfDra iz;qT; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;r&
;Fkkμ O;k;ke% -------- ghuefi lqn'kZua djksfr (xq.k)
O;k;ke% xq.kS% ghuefi lqn'kZua djksfrA
(d) -------------------- O;k;ke% dÙkZO;%A (cyL;k/Z)
([k) -------------------- ln`'ka fdf×pr~ LFkkSY;kid"kZ.ka ukfLrA (O;k;ke)
26 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) -------------------- fouk thoua ukfLrA (fo|k)
(?k) l% -------------------- [k×t% vfLrA (pj.k)
(Ä) lwidkj% -------------------- Hkkstua ft?kzfrA (ukfldk)
4- LFkwyinek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ
(d) 'kjhjL; vk;kltuua deZ O;k;ke% bfr dF;rsA
([k) vj;% O;k;kfeua u vnZ;fUrA
(x) vkRefgrSf"kfHk% loZnk O;k;ke% drZO;%A
(?k) O;k;kea dqoZr% fo#¼a Hkkstue~ vfi ifjiP;rsA
(Ä) xk=kk.kka lqfoHkDrrk O;k;kesu laHkofrA
(v) "k"B 'yksdL; HkkoekfJR; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμ
;Fkk& ------------------ lehis mjxk% u ------------------ ,oeso O;k;kfeu% tuL; lehia------------------ u xPNfUrA O;k;ke% o;ks:ixq.kghue~ vfi tue~ ------------------ djksfrA
5- ^O;k;keL; ykHkk%* bfr fo"k;ef/ÑR; i×pokD;s"kq ^laLÑrHkk"k;k* ,de~vuqPNsna fy[krA
(v) ;FkkfunsZ'keqÙkjrμ
(d) ^rRÑRok rq lq[ka nsge~* v=k fo'ks"k.kina fde~\
([k) ^O;k/;ks uksiliZfUr oSurs;feoksjxk%* vfLeu~ okD;s fØ;kina fde~\
(x) ^iqfEHkjkRefgrSf"kfHk%* v=k ^iqjQ"kS%* bR;FksZ foaQ ina iz;qDre~\
(?k) ^nhIrkfXuRoeukyL;a fLFkjRoa yk?koa etk* bfr okD;kr~ ^xkSjoe~* bfr inL; foijhrkFkZoaQina fpRok fy[krA
(Ä) ^u pkfLr ln`'ka rsu fdf×pr~ LFkkSY;kid"kZ.ke~* vfLeu~ okD;s ^rsu* bfr loZukeinadLeS iz;qDre~\
O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 27
6- (v) fuEufyf[krkuke~ vO;;kuke~ fjDrLFkkus"kq iz;ksxa oqQ#rμ
lglk] vfi] ln`'ka] loZnk] ;nk] lnk] vU;Fkk
(d) -------------------- O;k;ke% dÙkZO;%A
([k) -------------------- euq";% lE;o~Q:is.k O;k;kea djksfr rnk l% -------------------- LoLFk%fr"BfrA
(x) O;k;kesu vlqUnjk% -------------------- lqUnjk% HkofUrA
(?k) O;k;kfeu% tuL; ldk'ka ok/ZD;a -------------------- uk;kfrA
(Ä) O;k;kesu -------------------- fdf×pr~ LFkkSY;kid"kZ.ka ukfLrA
(p) O;k;kea leh{; ,o drZO;e~ -------------------- O;k/;% vk;kfUrA
(vk) mnkgj.keuql`R; okP;ifjorZua oqQ#rμ
deZokP;e~ dr`ZokP;e~
;Fkk& vkRefgrSf"kfHk% O;k;ke% fØ;rs vkRefgrSf"k.k% O;k;kea oqQoZfUrA
(1) cyork fo#¼efi Hkkstua iP;rsA ------------------------------------------------------
(2) tuS% O;k;kesu dkfUr% yH;rsA ------------------------------------------------------
(3) eksgusu ikB% iB~;rsA ------------------------------------------------------
(4) yr;k xhra xh;rsA ------------------------------------------------------
7- (v) v/ksfyf[krs"kq rf¼rins"kq izѯr@izR;;a p i`Fko~Q ÑRok fy[krμ
ewy'kCn% (izÑfr%) izR;;%
(d) iF;re% ¾ -------------------- $ --------------------
([k) lfg".kqrk ¾ -------------------- $ --------------------
(x) vfXuRoe~ ¾ -------------------- $ --------------------
(?k) fLFkjRoe~ ¾ -------------------- $ --------------------
(Ä) yk?koe~ ¾ -------------------- $ --------------------
28 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ikB vk;qosZn osQ izfl¼ xzUFk ^lqJqrlafgrk* osQ fpfdRlk LFkku esa of.kZr 24osa vè;k; lsladfyr gSA blesa vkpk;Z lqJqr us O;k;ke dh ifjHkk"kk crkrs gq, mlls gksus okys ykHkksa dh ppkZdh gSA 'kjhj esa lqxBu] dkfUr] LiwQfrZ] lfg".kqrk] uhjksxrk vkfn O;k;ke osQ izeq[k ykHk gSaA(d) lqJqr% vk;qosZnL;] ^lqJqrlafgrk* bR;k[;L; xzUFkL; jpf;rkA vfLeu~ xzUFks 'kY;fpfdRlk;k%
izk/kU;efLrA lqJqr% 'kY;'kkL=kKL; fnoksnklL; f'k";% vklhr~A fnoksnkl% lqJqra okjk.kL;ke~vk;qosZne~ vikB;r~A lqJqr% fnoksnklL; mins'kku~ LoxzUFks¿fy[kr~A
([k) miyC/klq vk;qosZnh;&lafgrklq ^lqJqrlafgrk* loZJs"B% 'kY;fpfdRlkiz/kuks xzUFk%A vfLeu~xzUFks 120 vè;k;s"kq Øes.k lw=kLFkkus ekSfydfl¼kUrkuka 'kY;deksZi;ksfx&;U=kknhuka] funkuLFkkusizeq[kk.kka jksxk.kka] 'kjhjLFkkus 'kjhj'kkL=kL; fpfdRlkLFkkus] 'kY;fpfdRlk;k% dYiLFkkus pfo"kk.kka izdj.kkfu of.kZrkfuA vL; mÙkjrU=ks 66 vè;k;k% lfUrA
(x) oSurs;feoksjxk% μ d';i ½f"k dh nks ifRu;k¡ Fkhaμ dæq vkSj fourkA fourk dk iq=kx#M+ Fkk vkSj dæq osQ iq=k liZ FksA fourk dk iq=k gksus osQ dkj.k x#M+ dks oSurs; dgktkrk gSA (fourk;k% v;e~ oSurs;%] <o~Q (,;) izR;;s Ñrs)A x#M+ liZ ls vf/drkdroj gksrk gS] Hk;o'k lk¡i x#M+ ds ikl tkus dk lkgl ugha djrkA ;gk¡ O;k;kedjus okys euq"; dh rqyuk x#M+ ls rFkk O;kf/;ksa dh rqyuk lk¡i ls dh xbZ gSA ftlizdkj x#M+ osQ le{k lk¡i ugh tkrsA mlh izdkj O;k;ke djus okys O;fDr osQ ikljksx ugha iQVdrsA
Hkkf"kdfoLrkj%
xq.kokpd 'kCnksa ls Hkko vFkZ esa ";×k~ vFkkZr~ ; izR;; yxkdj Hkkookph inksa dk fuekZ.kfd;k tkrk gSA 'kCn osQ izFke Loj esa o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj vfUre v dk yksi gksrk gSA(d) 'kwjL; Hkko% 'kkS;Ze~ & 'kwj $ ";×k~([k) lqUnjL; Hkko% lkSUn;Ze~ & lqUnj $ ";×k~(x) lq[kL; Hkko% lkS[;e~ & lq[k $ ";×k~(?k) fonq"k% Hkko% oSnq";e~ & fo}l~ $ ";×k~(Ä) e/qjL; Hkko% ek/q;Ze~ & e/qj $ ";×k~
O;k;ke% loZnk iF;% 29
(p) LFkwyL; Hkko% LFkkSY;e~ & LFkwy $ ";×k~(N) vjksxL; Hkko% vkjksX;e~ & vjksx $ ";×k~(t) lfgrL; Hkko% lkfgR;e~ & lfgr $ ";×k~~
Fkky~&izR;;%& ^izdkj* vFkZ esa Fkky~ izR;; dk iz;ksx gksrk gSAtSls& rsu izdkjs.k & rFkk
;su izdkjs.k & ;FkkvU;su izdkjs.k & vU;FkkloZ izdkjs.k & loZFkk
mHk; izdkjs.k & mHk;Fkk
HkkofoLrkj%
(d) 'kjhjek|a [kyq /eZlk/ue~A
([k) yk?koa deZlkeF;± LFkS;± Dys'klfg".kqrkA
nks"k{k;ks¿fXuo`f¼'p O;k;keknqitk;rsAA
(x) ;Fkk 'kjhjL; j{kk;S mfpra Hkkstue~] mfpr'p O;ogkj% vko';dks¿fLr rFkSo 'kjhjL;LokLF;k; O;k;ke% vfi vko';d%A
(?k) ;qDrkgkjfogkjL; ;qDrps"VL; deZlqA
;qDrLoIukocks/L; ;ksxks Hkofr nq%[kgkAA
(Ä) if{k.k% vkdk'ks mah;Urs rs"kke~ mM~M;ueso rs"kka O;k;ke%A i'koks¿fi brLrr% iyk;Urs]iyk;ueso rs"kka O;k;ke%A 'kS'kos f'k'kq% LogLriknkS pky;fr] v;eso rL; O;k;ke%A
fo$vk$;e~ /krks% ?k×k~ izR;;kr~ fu"iUu% ^O;k;ke* 'kCn% foLrkjL; fodklL; pokpd%A ;rks fg O;k;kesu vXkuka fodkl% HkofrA vr% lq[kiwoZoaQ thoua ;kif;rqaeuq";S% fuR;a O;k;ke% dj.kh;%A
30 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
prqFkZ% ikB%
f'k'kqykyue~
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% fnÄ~ukxfojfpr% laLÑrL; çfl¼ukVÔxzUFk% ¶oqQUnekyk¸ bR;r% i×ÓekÄ~dkr~lEiknua ÑRok lÄ~dfyrks¿fLrA v=k ukVdka'ks jke% Loiq=kkS yooqQ'kkS flagklue~ vkjksgf;rqe~bPNfr fdUrq mHkkofi lfou;a ra fuokj;r%A flagkluk:<% jke% mHk;ks% :iyko.;a n‘~okeqX/% lu~ LoØksMs xÊkfrA ikBs¿fLeu~ f'k'kqokRlY;L; euksgkfjo.kZua fo|rsA
(flagkluLFk% jke%A rr% izfo'kr% fonw"kosQuksifn';ekuekxkSZ rkilkS oqQ'kyokS)
fonw"kd% & br br vk;kSZ!
oqQ'kyokS & (jkee~ mil`R; iz.kE; p) vfi oqQ'kya egkjktL;\
jke% & ;q"eí'kZukr~ oqQ'kyfeoA Hkorks% ¯d o;e=k oqQ'kyiz'uL; Hkktue~,o] u iqujfrfFktuleqfprL; d.Bk'ys"kL;A (ifj"oT;) vgksân;xzkgh Li'kZ%A
(vkluk/Zeqios'k;fr)
f'k'kqykyue~ 31
mHkkS & jktklua [kYosrr~] u ;qDreè;kflrqe~A
jke% & lO;o/kua u pkfj=kyksik;A rLeknÄï & O;ofgreè;kL;rka ¯lgklue~A
(vVeqios'k;fr)
mHkkS & (vfuPNka ukV;r%) jktu~!
vyefrnkf{k.;suA
jke% & vyefr'kkyhur;kA
Hkofr f'k'kqtuks o;ks¿uqjks/kn~
xq.kegrkefi ykyuh; ,oA
oztfr fgedjks¿fi ckyHkkokr~
i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoe~AA
jke% & ,"k Hkorks% lkSUn;kZoyksdtfursu dkSrwgysu iPNkfe&{kf=k;oqQy&firkeg;ks% lw;ZpUæ;ks% dks ok Hkorkso±'kL; dÙkkZ\
yo% & Hkxou~ lglznhfèkfr%A
jke% & dFkeLeRlekukfHktukS laoÙkkS\
fonw"kd% & ¯d };ksjI;sdeso izfropue~\
yo% & Hkzkrjkokoka lksn;kSZA
jke% & le:i% 'kjhjlfUuos'k%A o;lLrq u fdf×pnUrje~A
yo% & vkoka ;eykSA
jke% & lEizfr ;qT;rsA ¯d uke/s;e~\
yo% & vk;ZL; oUnuk;ka yo bR;kRekua Jko;kfe (oqQ'ka fufnZ';) vk;ksZ¿fixq#pj.koUnuk;ke~ ----------------------------------
oqQ'k% & vgefi oqQ'k bR;kRekua Jko;kfeA
jke% & vgks! mnkÙkjE;% leqnkpkj%A
¯d uke/s;ks HkorksxqZ#%\
32 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
yo% & uuq Hkxoku~ okYehfd%A
jke% & osQu lEcU/su\
yo% & miu;uksins'ksuA
jke% & vge=kHkorks% tuoaQ ukerks osfnrqfePNkfeA
yo% & u fg tkukE;L; uke/s;e~A u df'pnfLeu~ riksous rL; ukeO;ogjfrA
jke% & vgks ekgkRE;e~A
oqQ'k% & tkukE;ga rL; uke/s;e~A
jke% & dF;rke~A
oqQ'k% & fujuqØks'kks uke----
jke% & o;L;] viwo± [kyq uke/s;e~A
fonw"kd% & (fofpUR;) ,oa rkor~ iPNkfeA fujuqØks'k bfr d ,oa Hk.kfr\
oqQ'k% & vEckA
fonw"kd% & ¯d oqQfirk ,oa Hk.kfr] mr izÑfrLFkk\
oqQ'k% & ;|ko;ksckZyHkkotfura fdf×pnfou;a i';fr rnk ,oe~ vfèkf{kifr&fujuqØks'kL; iq=kkS] ek pkiye~ bfrA
fonw"kd% & ,r;ks;Zfn firqfuZjuqØks'k bfr uke/s;e~ ,r;kstZuuh rsukoekfurkfuokZflrk ,rsu opusu nkjdkS fuHkZRlZ;frA
jke% & (Loxre~) f/Ä~ ekesoaHkwre~A lk rifLouh eRÑrsukijk/su LokiR;esoaeU;qxHkSZj{kjSfuZHkZRlZ;frA
(lok"ieoyksd;fr)
jke% & vfrnh?kZ% izoklks¿;a nk#.k'pA (fonw"kdeoyksD; tukfUrde~)oqQrwgysukfo"Vks ekrjeu;ksukZerks osfnrqfePNkfeA u ;qDra pL=khxreuq;ksDrqe~] fo'ks"krLriksousA rr~ dks¿=kkH;qik;%\
f'k'kqykyue~ 33
fonw"kd% & (tukfUrde~) vga iqu% iPNkfeA (izdk'ke~) ¯d uke/s;k ;qo;kstZuuh\
yo% & rL;k% }s ukeuhA
fonw"kd% & dFkfeo\
yo% & riksouokfluks nsohfr ukEukà;fUr] Hkxoku~ okYehfdoZ/wfjfrA
jke% & vfi p brLrkon~ o;L;!
eqgwÙkZek=ke~A
fonw"kd% & (mil`R;) vkKki;rq Hkoku~A
jke% & vfi oqQekj;ksju;ksjLekoaQ p loZFkk le:i% oqQVqEcoÙkkUr%\
(usiF;s)
b;rh osyk l×tkrk jkek;.kxkuL; fu;ksx% fdeFk± u fo/h;rs\
mHkkS & jktu~! mikè;k;nwrks¿Leku~ Roj;frA
jke% & e;kfi lEekuuh; ,o eqfufu;ksx%A rFkkfg&
HkoUrkS xk;UrkS dfojfi iqjk.kks ozrfuf/j~
fxjka lUnHkksZ¿;a izFkeeorh.kksZ olqerhe~A
dFkk ps;a 'yk?;k ljfl#gukHkL; fu;ra]
iqukfr Jksrkja je;fr p lks¿;a ifjdj%AA
o;L;! viwoksZ¿;a ekuokuka ljLoR;orkj%] rnga lqâTtulk/kj.kaJksrqfePNkfeA lfUu/h;Urka lHkkln%] izs";rkeLenfUroaQ lkSfef=k%]vgeI;sr;ksf'pjkluifj[ksna fogj.ka ÑRok viu;kfeA
(bfr fu"ØkUrk% losZ)
34 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
firkeg% & firq% firk & firk osQ firk & Grand father
lgÏnhf/fr% & lw;Z% & lw;Z & The sun
d.Bk'ys"kL; & d.Bs vk'ys"kL; & xys yxkus dk & Hug
ifj"oT; & vkfyÄõua ÑRok & vkfyÄõu djosQ & Embracing
fofpUR; & fopk;Z & fopkj djosQ & Considering
vè;kflrqe~ & mios"Vqe~ & cSBus osQ fy, & To sit
lO;o/kue~ & O;o/kusu lfgre~ & #dkoV lfgr & Withobstruction
vè;kL;rke~ & mifo';rke~ & cSfB;s & Be seated
vyefrnkf{k.;su&vyefrdkS'kysu & vR;f/d n{krk] & Leave aside
vf/d oqQ'kyrk the excessive
ugha djsa adroitness
vÄïe~ & ØksMe~ & xksn esa & Lap
fgedj% & pUæ% & pUæek & The moon
i'kqifr% & f'ko% & f'ko & Lord shiva
osQrd&NnRoe~ & osQrdL; NnRoe~ & osQrdh (osQoM+s) & Crown made
osQ iq"i ls cuh of the screw
eLrd dh 'kksHkk flower
Loxre~ & vkRexre~ & eu gh eu & Inner self
lekukfHktukS & lekuoqQyksRiÂkS & ,d oqQy esa iSnk & Belonging to
gksus okys the samefamily chain
lao`ÙkkS & latkrkS & gks x;s & Both became
izfropue~ & mÙkje~ & mÙkj & Reply
f'k'kqykyue~ 35
lksnk;kSZ & lgksnjkS@;eykS & lgksnj@lxs HkkbZ & Twins
'kjhjlfUuos'k% & vÄõ&jpukfoU;kl% & 'kjhj dh cukoV & Bodystructure
mnkÙkjE;% & vR;Ur% je.kh;% & vR;f/d euksgj & Veryfascinating
leqnkpkj% & f'k"Vkpkj% & f'k"Vkpkj & Goodetiquette
miu;uksins'ksu & miu;uL; mins'ksu & miu;u dh nh{kk & By giving the
(miu;u&laLdkjnh{k;k) osQ dkj.k teaching ofsacred threadceremony
uke/s;e~ & uke & uke & Name
fujuqØks'k% & funZ;% & n;k jfgr & Unkind
o;L; & fe=k & fe=k & Friend
Hk.kfr & dFk;fr & dgrk gS & Says
vEck & tuuh & ekrk & Mother
mr & vFkok & vFkok & Or
izÑfrLFkk & lkekU;k eu%fLFkfre;h & LokHkkfod :i ls & In normalcondition
vf/f{kifr & vf/{ksia djksfr & iQVdkjrh gS & Snubs
pkiye~ & piyrke~ & papyrk dks & Fickleness
voekfurk & frjLÑrk & viekfur & Insulted
nkjdkS & iq=kkS & nks iq=kksa dks & Both sons
fuHkZRlZ;fr & rtZ;fr & /edkrh gS & Scolds
fu%'oL; & nh?k± 'okla x`ghRok & nh?kZ 'okl ysdj & Sighing
LokiR;e~ & LolUrfre~ & viuh lUrku dks & To own
children
36 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
vUo; & xq.kegrke~ vfi o;ks¿uqjks/kr~ f'k'kqtu% ykyuh;% ,o HkofrA ckyHkkokr~ fgfgedj% vfi i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoa oztfrA
Hkko & vR;f/d xq.kh yksxksa osQ fy, Hkh NksVh mez osQ dkj.k ckyd ykyuh; ghgksrk gSA pUæek ckyHkko osQ dkj.k gh 'kVj osQ eLrd dk vkHkw"k.k cudjosQrdh iq"iksa ls fufeZr vkHkw"k.k dh Hkk¡fr 'kksfHkr gksrk gSA
vUo; & HkoUrkS xk;UrkS] iqjk.k% ozrfuf/% dfo% vfi] olqerhe~ izFkee~ vorh.kZ% fxjke~v;a lUnHkZ%] ljfl#gukHkL; p b;a 'yk?;k dFkk] l% p v;a ifjdj% fu;raJksrkja iqukfr je;fr pA
Hkko & Hkxoku~ okYehfd }kjk fuc¼ iqjk.kiq#"k dh dFkk] oqQ'k&yo }kjk Jh jke dkslquk;h tkuh Fkh] mlh dh lwpuk nsrs gq, usiF; ls oqQ'k vkSj yo dks fcukle; u"V fd;s vius drZO; dk ikyu djus dk funsZ'k fn;k tkrk gSA nksuksajke ls vkKk ysdj tkuk pkgrs gSa rc Jh jke mi;qZDr 'yksd osQ ekè;els ml jpuk dk lEeku djrs gSaA
vki nksuksa (oqQ'k vkSj yo) bl dFkk dk xku djus okys gSa] riksfuf/ iqjk.k eqfu(okYehfd) bl jpuk osQ dfo gSa] /jrh ij izFke ckj vorfjr gksus okyk LiqQV ok.kh dk;g dkO; gS vkSj bldh dFkk deyukfHk fo".kq ls lEc¼ gS bl izdkj fu'p; gh ;g la;ksxJksrkvksa dks ifo=k vkSj vkufUnr djus okyk gSA
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ(d) oqQ'kyokS de~ mil`R; iz.ker%\([k) riksouokflu% oqQ'kL; ekrja osQu ukEuk vkÞo;fUr \(x) o;ks¿uqjks/kr~ d% ykyuh;% Hkofr\(?k) osQu lEcU/su okYehfd% yodq'k;ks% xqjQ%\(Ä) oqQ=k yooqQ'k;ks% firq% uke u O;ofß;rs\
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLo`QrHkk"k;k fy[krμ(d) jkek; oqQ'kyo;ks% d.Bk'ys"kL; Li'kZ% dhn`'k% vklhr~\([k) jke% yooqQ'kkS oqQ=k mios'kf;rqe~ dFk;fr\(x) ckyHkkokr~ fgedj% oqQ=k fojktrs\
f'k'kqykyue~ 37
(?k) dq'kyo;ks% oa'kL; dÙkkZ d%\(Ä) oqQ'kyo;ks% ekrja okYehfd% osQu ukEuk vkà;fr\
3- js[kkfÄïrs"kq ins"kq foHkfDra rRdkj.ka p mnkgj.kkuqlkja fufnZ'krμfoHkfDr% rRdkj.ke~
;Fkk& jktu~! vye~ vfrnkf{k.;suA r`rh;k ^vye~* ;ksxs(d) jke% yooqQ'kkS vkluk/Ze~ mios'k;frA ------------------ -------------------
([k) f/Ä~ eke~ ,oa Hkwre~A ------------------ -------------------
(x) vVO;ofgre~ vè;kL;rka ¯lgklue~A ------------------ -------------------
(?k) vye~ vfrfoLrjs.kA ------------------ -------------------
(Ä) jkee~ mil`R; iz.kE; pA ------------------ -------------------
4- ;FkkfunsZ'ke~ mÙkjrμ(d) ^tkukE;ga rL; uke/s;e~* vfLeu~ okD;s drZina fde~\
([k) ^foaQ oqQfirk ,oa Hk.kfr mr izÑfrLFkk*& vLekr~ okD;kr~ ^gf"kZrk* bfr inL;foijhrkFkZdina fpRok fy[krA
(x) fonw"kd% (mil`R;) ^vkKki;rq Hkoku~!* v=k Hkoku~ bfr ina dLeS iz;qDre~\
(?k) ^rLeknÄï&O;ofgre~ vè;kL;krke~ flagklue~*& v=k fØ;kina fde~\
(Ä) ^o;lLrq u fdf×pnUrje~*& v=k ^vk;q"k% bR;FksZ foaQ ina iz;qDre~\
5- v/ksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu d% oaQ izfr dFk;frμd% de~
(d) lO;o/kua u pkfj=;yksik;A ----------------------- -----------------------
([k) foaQ oqQfirk ,oa Hk.kfr] mr izÑfrLFkk\ ----------------------- -----------------------
(x) tkukE;ga rL; uke/s;e~A ----------------------- -----------------------
(?k) rL;k }s ukEuhA ----------------------- -----------------------
(Ä) o;L;! viwoZa [kyq uke/s;e~A ----------------------- -----------------------
6- e×tw"kkr% i;kZ;};a fpRok inkuka le{ka fy[krμ
(d) fgedj% & --------------- ---------------
f'ko% f'k"Vkpkj% 'kf'k% pUæ'ks[kj% lqr% bnkuhe~
vèkquk iq=k% lw;Z% lnkpkj% fu'kkdj% Hkkuq%
38 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
([k) lEizfr & --------------- ---------------
(x) leqnkpkj% & --------------- ---------------
(?k) i'kqifr% & --------------- ---------------
(Ä) ru;% & --------------- ---------------
(p) lglznhf/fr% & --------------- ---------------
(v) fo'ks"k.k&fo'ks";inkfu ;kst;rμ;Fkk& fo'ks"k.k inkfu fo'ks"; inkfu
'yk?;k & dFkk
(1) mnkÙkjE;% (d) leqnkpkj%
(2) vfrnh?kZ% ([k) Li'kZ%
(3) le:i% (x) oqQ'kyo;ks%
(4) ân;xzkgh (?k) izokl%
(5) oqQekj;ks% (Ä) oqQVqEco`ÙkkUr%
7- (d) v/ksfyf[krins"kq lfU/a oqQ#rμ(d) };ks% $ vfi & --------------------------------
([k) }kS $ vfi & --------------------------------
(x) d% $ v=k & --------------------------------
(?k) vufHkK% $ vge~ & --------------------------------
(Ä) bfr $ vkRekue~ & --------------------------------
([k) v/ksfyf[krins"kq foPNsna oqQ#rμ(d) vgeI;sr;ks% & --------------------------------
([k) o;ks¿uqjks/kr~ & --------------------------------
(x) lekukfHktukS & --------------------------------
(?k) [kYosrr~ & --------------------------------
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ikB laLÑrokÄ~e; osQ izfl¼ ukVd ^oqQUnekyk* osQ iape vÄï ls lEikfnr dj fy;kx;k gSA blosQ jpf;rk izfl¼ ukVddkj fnÄ~ukx gSaA bl ukVdka'k esa jke oqQ'k vkSj yo dks
f'k'kqykyue~ 39
¯lgklu ij cSBkuk pkgrs gSa fdUrq os nksuksa vfr'kkyhurkiwoZd euk djrs gSaA ¯lgkluk:< jkeoqQ'k vkSj yo osQ lkSUn;Z ls vkÑ"V gksdj mUgsa viuh xksn esa fcBk ysrs gSa vkSj vkufUnrgksrs gSaA ikB esa f'k'kq Lusg dk vR;Ur euksgkjh o.kZu fd;k x;k gSAukV~;&izlÄõ%oqQUnekyk osQ ys[kd fnÄ~ukx us izLrqr ukVd esa jkedFkk osQ d#.k volkn Hkjs mÙkjk/ZZ dhukVdh; lEHkkoukvksa dks ekSfydrk ls lkdkj fd;k gSA blh dFkkud ij izfl¼ ukVddkjHkoHkwfr dk mÙkjjkepfjr Hkh vkfJr gSA oqQUnekyk osQ Ngksa vVksa dk n';fo/ku okYehfd&riksouosQ ifjlj esa gh osQfUær gSA izLrqr ukVdka'k i×pe vV ls lEikfnr dj lVfyr fd;k x;kgSA yo vkSj oqQ'k ls feyus ij jke osQ ân; esa muls vk¯yxu dh ykylk gksrh gSA muosQLi'kZlq[k ls vfHkHkwr gks jke] mUgsa vius ¯lgklu ij] viuh xksn esa fcBkdj ykM+ djrs gSaAblh Hkko dh iqf"V esa ukVd esa ;g 'yksd m¼`r gS&
Hkofr f'k'kqtuks o;ks¿uqjks/kn~ xq.kegrkefi ykyuh; ,o A
oztfr fgedjks¿fi ckyHkkokr~ i'kqifr&eLrd&osQrdPNnRoe~ AA
f'k'kqLusgleHkko'yksdk%&
vusu dL;kfi oqQykÄ~oqQjs.k Li`"VL; xk=ks"kq lq[ka eeSoe~ Adka fuoZ`¯r psrfl rL; oqQ;kZn~ ;L;k;eÄ~dkr~ Ñfru% iz:<% AA
(dkfynkl%)
vUr%dj.krÙoL; nEiR;ks% LusglaJ;kr~ AvkuUnxzfUFkjsdks¿;eiR;fefr iB~;rs AA (HkoHkwfr%)
/wyh/wljruo% ØhMkjkT;s LoosQ p jeek.kk% AÑreq[kok|fodkjk% ØhMfUr lqfuHkZja ckyk% AA (vKkrdfo%)
vfu;r#fnrfLerfojktr~ dfri;dkseynUroqQM~eykxze~ A
onudeyoaQ f'k'kks% Lejkfe L[kynle×tle×tqtfYira rs AA
(vKkrdfo%)
40 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
i×pe% ikB%
tuuh rqY;oRlyk
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% egf"kZosnO;klfojfprL; ,sfrgkfldxzUFkL; egkHkkjrkUrxZrL; ¶ouioZbR;r% xghr%A b;a dFkk losZ"kq çkf.k"kq lenf‘Hkkouka çcks/;frA vL;k% vHkhfIlr%vFkksZ¿fLr ;n~ lekts fo|ekuku~ nqcZyku~ çkf.ku% çR;fi ekrq% okRlY;a çd"ksZ.kSo HkofrA
df'pr~ Ñ"kd% cyhonkZH;ka {ks=kd"kZ.ka oqQoZUuklhr~A r;ks% cyhonZ;ks% ,d% 'kjhjs.k nqcZy%tosu xUrqe'kDr'pklhr~A vr% Ñ"kd% ra nqcZya o"kHka rksnusu uq|eku% vorZrA l% Í"kHk%gyew<~ok xUrqe'kDr% {ks=ks iikrA ozqQ¼% Ñ"khoy%reqRFkkif;rqa cgqokje~ ;Ruedjksr~~A rFkkfi o"k%uksfRFkr%A
HkwekS ifrrs Loiq=ka n"V~ok loZ/suwuka ekrq%lqjHks% us=kkH;keJwf.k vkfojklu~A lqjHksfjekeoLFkkan"V~Okk lqjkf/i% rkeiPNr~&¶vf; 'kqHks! fdesoajksfnf"k\ mP;rke~ bfrA lk p
fofuikrks u o% df'pn~ n';rs f=kn'kkf/i!A
vga rq iq=ka 'kkspkfe] rsu jksfnfe dkSf'kd!AA
¶Hkks oklo! iq=kL; nSU;a n"V~ok vga jksfnfeA l% nhu bfr tkuUufi Ñ"kd% ra cgq/kihM;frA l% ÑPNªs.k Hkkjeq}gfrA brjfeo /qja oks<aq l% u 'kDuksfrA ,rr~ Hkoku~ i';fru\¸ bfr izR;okspr~A
¶Hknzs! uwue~A lglzkf/osQ"kq iq=ks"kq lRLofi ro vfLeUuso ,rkn'ka okRlY;a dFke~\¸bfr bUnzs.k i"Vk lqjfHk% izR;okspr~ &
fofp=k% lk{kh 41
;fn iq=klglz a es] loZ=k leeso esA
nhuL; rq lr% 'kØ! iq=kL;kH;f/dk ÑikAA
¶cgwU;iR;kfu es lUrhfr lR;e~A rFkkI;gesrfLeu~ iq=ks fof'k"; vkReosnukeuqHkokfeA ;rksfg v;eU;sH;ks nqcZy%A losZ"oiR;s"kq tuuh rqY;oRlyk,oA rFkkfi nqcZys lqrs ekrq% vH;f/dk Ñik lgtSo¸bfrA lqjfHkopua JqRok Hk'ka fofLerL;k[k.MyL;kfiân;enzor~A l p rkesoelkURo;r~&¸ xPN oRls!loZa Hknza tk;srA¸
vfpjknso p.Mokrsu es?kjoS'p lg izo"kZ%letk;rA yksdkuka i';rke~ ,o loZ=k tyksiIyo%l×tkr%A Ñ"kd% g"kkZfrjsosQ.k d"kZ.kfoeq[k% lu~ o"kHkkS uhRok xgexkr~A
viR;s"kq p losZ"kq tuuh rqY;oRlykAiq=ks nhus rq lk ekrk ÑiknzZân;k Hkosr~AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
cyhonkZH;ke~ & o`"kHkkH;ke~ & nks cSyksa ls & By two bullocks{ks=kd"kZ.ke~ & {ks=kL; d"kZ.ke~ & [ksr dh tqrkbZ & Plough the field
tosu & rhozxR;k & rhozxfr ls & With speed
rksnusu & d"Viznkusu & d"V nsus ls & By torturing
uq|eku% & cysu uh;eku% & /osQyk tkrk gqvk] & Being pulled
gk¡dk tkrk gqvk
gyew<~ok & gye~ mRFkkI; & gy mBkdj] gy <ksdj& Carrying theplough
iikr & HkwekS virr~ & fxj x;k & Fell down
Ñ"khoy% & Ñ"kd% & fdlku & Farmer
mRFkkif;rqe~ & mifj usrqe~ & mBkus osQ fy, & To uplift
42 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
o`"k% & o`"kHk% & cSy & Bullock
/suwuke~ & xoke~ & xk;ksa dh & Of cows
us=kkH;ke~ & p{kqH;kZe~] u;ukH;ke~& nksuksa vk¡[kksa ls & From both eyes
vJwf.k & u;utye~ & vk¡lw & Tears
vkfojklu~ku~ & izdfVrk% & lkeus vk x, & Appeared
lqjkf/i% & lqjk.kka jktk] & nsorkvksa osQ jktk (bUnz)& King of Gods
nsokuke~ vf/i%
mP;rke~ & dF;rke~ & dgsa] dgk tk, & Say
oklo% & bUnz%] nsojkt% & bUnz & Indra
ÑPNªs.k & dkfBU;su & dfBukbZ ls & With difficulty
brjfeo & vije~ bo & nwljs (cSy) osQ leku & Like an otherbullock
/qje~ & /qje~ & tq, dks (xkM+h osQ & Yoke
tq, dk og Hkkx tks
cSyksa osQ da/ksa ij j[kk jgrk gS)
oks<qe~ & oguk; ;ksX;e~ & <ksus osQ fy, & To carry
izR;okspr~ & mÙkja nÙkoku~ & tokc fn;k & Replied
uwue~ & fu'p;su & fu'p; gh & Certainly
lglze~ & n'k'kre~ & gT+kkj & Thousand
okRlY;e~ & LusgHkko% & okRlY; (izseHkko) & Affection
viR;kfu & lUrr;% & lUrku & Children
fof'k"; & fo'ks"kr% & fo'ks"kdj & Specially
osnuke~ & ihMke~] nq%[ke~ & d"V dks & The pain
rqY;oRlyk & leLusg;qrk & leku :i ls I;kj & Equal affectiondjus okyh
lqr% & iq=k%@ru;% & iq=k & Son
Hk'ke~ & vR;f/de~ & cgqr vf/d & Very much
vk[k.MyL; & nsojktL; bUnzL; & bUnz dk & Of Indra
fofp=k% lk{kh 43
vlkURo;r~ & lkURoua nÙkoku~] & lkURouk nh (fnyklk nh)& Consoled
lek'okl;r~
vfpjkr~ & 'kh?kze~ & 'kh?kz gh & Soon
p.Mokrsu & osx;qrk ok;quk & izp.M (rhoz) gok ls & With swift wind
es?kjoSS% & es?kL; xtZusu & cknyksa osQ xtZu ls & Thundering
izo"kZ% & o`f"V% & o"kkZ & Heavy rain
tyksiIyo% & tyL; miIyo% & ikuh }kjk rckgh & Destruction by(mRikr%) water
d"kZ.kfoeq[k% & d"kZ.kdeZ.k% foeq[k%& tksrus osQ dke ls & Leavingfoeq[k gksdj ploughing work
o`"kHkkS & o`"kkS & nksuksa cSyksa dks & Both the bullocks
vxkr~ & xroku~] vxPNr~ & x;k & Went
f=kn'kkf/i% & f=kn'kkuke~ vf/i%¾bUnz%]& nsorkvksa dk jktk¾bUnz & King of Gods
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) o`"kHk% nhu% bfr tkuUufi d% ra uqn~;eku% vklhr~\
([k) o`"kHk% oqQ=k iikr\
(x) nqcZys lqrs dL;k% vf/dk o`Qik Hkofr\
(?k) d;ks% ,d% 'kjhjs.k nqcZy% vklhr~\
(Ä) p.Mokrsu es?kjoS'p lg d% letk;r\
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) Ñ"kd% foaQ djksfr Le\
([k) ekrk lqjfHk% fdeFkZe~ vJwf.k eq×pfr Le\
(x) lqjfHk% bUnzL; iz'uL; fdeqÙkja nnkfr\
44 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(?k) ekrq% vf/dk Ñik dfLeu~ Hkofr\
(Ä) bUnz% nqcZyo`"kHkL; d"Vkfu vikdrZqa foaQ Ñroku~\
(p) tuuh dhn`'kh Hkofr\
(N) ikBs¿fLeu~ d;ks% laokn% fon~;rs\
3- ^d* LrEHks nÙkkuka inkuka esyua ^[k* LrEHks nÙkS% lekukFkZdinS% oqQjQrμ
d LrEHk [k LrEHk
(d) ÑPNªs.k (i) o`"kHk%
([k) p{kqH;kZe~ (ii) oklo%
(x) tosu (iii) us=kkH;ke~
(?k) bUnz% (iv) vfpje~
(Ä) iq=kk% (v) nzqrxR;k
(p) 'kh?kze~ (vi) dkfBU;su
(N) cyhonZ% (vii)lqrk%
4- LFkwyinek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQjQrμ
(d) l% ÑPNªs.k Hkkje~ mn~ogfrA
([k) lqjkf/i% rke~ vi`PNr~A
(x) v;e~ vU;sH;ks nqcZy%A
(?k) /suwuke~ ekrk lqjfHk% vklhr~A
(Ä) lglzkf/osQ"kq iq=ks"kq lRLofi lk nq%[kh vklhr~A
5- js[kkfÄïrins ;FkkLFkkua lfU/a foPNsna ok oqQjQrμ
(d) Ñ"kd% {ks=kd"kZ.ka oqQoZu~$vklhr~A
([k) r;ksjsd% o`"kHk% nqcZy% vklhr~A
(x) rFkkfi o`"k% u$mfRFkr%A
(?k) lRLofi cgq"kq iq=ks"kq vfLeu~ okRlY;a dFke~\
fofp=k% lk{kh 45
(Ä) rFkk$vfi$vge~$,rfLeu~ Lusge~ vuqHkokfeA
(p) es cgwfu$viR;kfu lfUrA
(N) loZ=k tyksiIyo% l×tkr%A
6- v/ksfyf[krs"kq okD;s"kq js[kkafdrloZukeina dLeS iz;qDre~μ
(d) lk p vonr~ Hkks oklo! vge~ Hk`'ka nq%f[krk vfLeA
([k) iq=kL; nSU;a n`"V~ok vge~ jksfnfeA
(x) l% nhu% bfr tkuu~ vfi Ñ"kd% ra ihM;frA
(?k) es cgwfu viR;kfu lfUrA
(Ä) l% p rke~ ,oe~ vlkURo;r~A
(p) lglzs"kq iq=ks"kq lRLofi ro vfLeu~ izhfr% vfLrA
7- ^d* LrEHks fo'ks"k.kina fyf[kre~] ^[k* LrEHks iqu% fo'ks";ine~A r;ks% esyua oqQjQrμ
d LrEHk [k LrEHk
(d) df'Pkr~ (i) o`"kHke~
([k) nqcZye~ (ii) Ñik
(x) ozqQ¼% (iii)Ñ"khoy%
(?k) lglzkf/osQ"kq (iv) vk[k.My%
(Ä) vH;f/dk (v) tuuh
(p) fofLer% (vi) iq=ks"kq
(N) rqY;oRlyk (vii)Ñ"kd%
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
egkHkkjr esa vusd ,sls izlax gSa tks vkt osQ ;qx esa Hkh mikns; gSaA egkHkkjr osQ ouioZ ls yhxbZ ;g dFkk u osQoy euq";ksa vfirq lHkh tho&tUrqvksa osQ izfr len`f"V ij cy nsrh gSA lektesa nqcZy yksxksa vFkok thoksa osQ izfr Hkh ek¡ dh eerk izxk<+ gksrh gS] ;g bl ikB dk vfHkizsr gSAizLrqr ikB~;ka'k egkHkkjr ls mn~/`r gS] ftlesa eq[;r% O;kl }kjk /`rjk"Vª dks ,d dFkk osQekè;e ls ;g lans'k nsus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd rqe firk gks vkSj ,d firk gksus osQ
46 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ukrs vius iq=kksa osQ lkFk&lkFk vius Hkrhtksa osQ fgr dk [k;ky j[kuk Hkh mfpr gSA bl izlaxesa xk; osQ ekr`Ro dh ppkZ djrs gq, xksekrk lqjfHk vkSj bUnz osQ laokn osQ ekè;e ls ;gcrk;k x;k gS fd ekrk osQ fy, lHkh lUrku cjkcj gksrh gSaA mlosQ ân; esa lcosQ fy,leku Lusg gksrk gSA bl dFkk dk vk/kj egkHkkjr] ouioZ] n'ke vè;k;] 'yksd la[;k 8ls 'yksd la[;k 16 rd gSA egkHkkjr osQ fo"k; esa ,d 'yksd izfl¼ gS]
/esZ vFksZ p dkes p eks{ks p Hkjr"kZHkA
;fngkfLr rnU;=k ;UusgkfLr u rr~ Dofpr~AA
vFkkZr~& /eZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{k bu iqjQ"kkFkZ&prq"V; osQ ckjs esa tks ckrsa ;gk¡ gSa os rksvU;=k fey ldrh gSa] ij tks oqQN ;gk¡ ugha gS] og vU;=k dgha Hkh miyC/ ugha gSA
mijksDr ikB esa ekuoh; ewY;ksa dh ijkdk"Bk fn[kkbZ xbZ gSA ;|fi ekrk osQ ân; esaviuh lHkh lUrfr;ksa osQ izfr leku izse gskrk gS] ij tks detksj lUrku gksrh gS mlosQ izfrmlosQ eu esa vfr'k; izse gksrk gSA
ekr`egÙofo"k;d 'yksdμ
ukfLr ekrlek Nk;k] ukfLr ekrlek xfr%AukfLr ekr`lea =kk.ka] ukfLr ekr`lek fiz;kAA
& osnO;kl
mikè;k;kUn'kkpk;Z vkpk;sZH;% 'kra firkAlglza rq firu~ ekrk] xkSjos.kkfrfjP;rsAA & euqLe`fr
ekrk xqjQrjk Hkwes%] [kkr~ firksPprjLrFkkAeu% 'kh?kzrja okrkr~] fpUrk cgqrjh r`.kkr~AA
& egkHkkjrfujfr'k;a xfjek.ka rsu tuU;k% LejfUr fo}kal%A;r~ defi ogfr xHkssZ egrkefi l xqjQHkZofrAA
Hkkjrh; laLÑfr esa xkS dk egÙo vukfndky ls jgk gSA gekjs ;gk¡ lHkh bfPNr oLrqvksa
dks nsus dh {kerk xk; esa gS] bl ckr dks dke/suq dh ladYiuk ls le>k tk ldrk gSA
dke/suq osQ ckjs esa ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd muosQ lkeus tks Hkh bPNk O;Dr dh tkrh gS og
rRdky iQyorh gks tkrh gSA
fofp=k% lk{kh 47
dkys iQya ;YyHkrs euq";ksu dke/suks'p lea f}tsH;%AA
dU;kjFkkuka dfjokft;qDrS%'krS% lglzS% lrra f}tsH;%AA
nÙkS% iQya ;YyHkrs euq";%lea rFkk L;kUurq dke/suks%AA
xk; osQ egÙo osQ lanHkZ esa egkdfo dkfynkl osQ j?kqoa'k esa] lUrku izkfIr dh dkeuk
ls jktk fnyhi }kjk Íf"k of'k"B dh dke/suq ufUnuh dh lsok vkSj mudh izlUurk ls izrkih
iq=k izkIr djus dh dFkk Hkh dkiQh izfl¼ gSA vkt Hkh xk; dh mi;ksfxrk izk;% loZLohÑr
gh gSA
,d=k i`Foh lokZ] l'kSyoudkuukArL;k% xkST;kZ;lh] lk{kknsd=kksHk;rkseq[khAA
xkoks Hkwra p HkO;a p] xko% iqf"V% lukruhAxkoks y{k~E;kLrFkkHkwra] xks"kq nÙka u u';frAA
48 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
"k"B% ikB%
lqHkkf"krkfu
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% fofo/xzUFkkr~ lÄ~dfyrkuka n'klqHkkf"krkuka lÄ~xzgks orZrsA laLÑrlkfgR;slkoZHkkSfeoaQ lR;a çdk'kf;rqe~ vFkZxkEHkh;Z;qrk i|e;h çsj.kkfRedk jpuk lqHkkf"krfefrdF;rsA v;a ikBka'k% ifjJeL; egÙoe~] Øks/L; nq"çHkko%] lkekftdegÙoe~] losZ"kkaoLrwuke~ mikns;rk] cq¼s% oSf'k‘Ôe~ bR;knhu~ fo"k;ku~ çdk'k;frA
vkyL;a fg euq";k.kka 'kjhjLFkks egku~ fjiq% A
ukLR;q|eleks cUèkq% ÑRok ;a ukolhnfr AA1AA
xq.kh xq.ka osfÙk u osfÙk fuxqZ.kks]cyh cya osfÙk u osfÙk fucZy% A
fidks olUrL; xq.ka u ok;l%]djh p flagL; cya u ew"kd% AA2AA
fufeÙkeqfí'; fg ;% izoqQI;fr]èkzqoa l rL;kixes izlhnfr A
vdkj.k}sf"k euLrq ;L; oS]dFka tuLra ifjrks"kf;";fr AA3AA
mnhfjrks¿FkZ% i'kqukfi x`árs]g;k'p ukxk'p ogfUr cksfèkrk% A
vuqDreI;wgfr if.Mrks tu%]
ijsfÄõrKkuiQyk fg cq¼;% AA4AA
lqHkkf"krkfu 49
Øksèkks fg 'k=kq% izFkeks ujk.kka]nsgfLFkrks nsgfouk'kuk; A
;FkkfLFkr% dk"Bxrks fg ofÉ%]l ,o ofÉnZgrs 'kjhje~ AA5AA
e`xk e`xS% lÄõeuqoztfUr]xko'p xksfHk% rqjxkLrqjX S% A
ew[kkZ'p ew[kSZ% lqfèk;% lqèkhfHk%]leku&'khy&O;lus"kq l[;e~ AA6AA
lsforO;ks egko`{k% iQyPNk;klefUor% A;fn nSokr~ iQya ukfLr Nk;k osQu fuok;Zrs AA7AA
veU=ke{kja ukfLr] ukfLr ewyeukS"kèke~ Av;ksX;% iq#"k% ukfLr ;kstdLr=k nqyZHk% AA8AA
laiÙkkS p foiÙkkS p egrkesd:irk Amn;s lfork jÙkQks jÙkQÜÓkLre;s rFkk AA9AA
fofp=ks [kyq lalkjs ukfLr fdf×pfÂjFkZde~ Av'o'psn~ èkkous ohj% HkkjL; ogus [kj% AA10AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
volhnfr & nq%[ke~ vuqHkofr & nq%[kh gksrk gS & Feeling hurtosfÙk & tkukfr & tkurk gS & Knowsok;l% & dkd% & dkSvk Crow
djh & xt% & gkFkh & ElephantfufeÙke~ & dkj.ke~ & dkj.k & Purpose
50 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
izoqQI;fr & vfrdksia djksfr & vR;fèkd Øksèk & Gets very
djrk gS angry
èkqzoa & fuf'pre~ & fuf'pr :i ls & Certainly
vixes & lekIrs & lekIr gksus ij & At the endizlhnfr & izlUu% Hkofr & izlUu gksrk gS & Appease
vdkj.k}sf"k eu% & vdkj.ka }s"ka djksfr & vdkj.k gh }s"k & Mind whichbfr vdkj.k}sf"k] rn~eu% djusokyk eu holds enemity
without reason
ifjrks"kf;";fr & ifjrks"ka nkL;fr & lUrq"V djsxk & Will satisfy
mnhfjr% & mDr%] dfFkr% & dgk gqvk & Said/told
x`árs & izkI;rs & izkIr fd;k tkrk gS & Accepted
g;k% & v'ok% & ?kksM+s & Horses
ukxk% & gfLru%] xtk% & gkFkh & Elephants
Ågfr & fuèkkZj;fr & vanktk yxkrk gS & Assumes
bfXrKkuiQyk% & bfÄõra Kkue~] & lV srtU; Kku :ih & Which underbfÄõrKkueso iQya iQy okys stand by;L;k% rk% indications
if.Mr% & fo}ku~] cqf¼eku~ & cqf¼eku~ & Scholar
ofÉ% & vfXu% & vkx & Fire
ngrs & Toky;fr & tykrk gS & Burns
vuqoztfUr & i'pkr~ xPNfUr & ihNs&ihNs tkrs gSa] & Follows
vuqlj.k djrs gSa
rqjxk% & v'ok% & ?kksMs+ & Horses
lqfèk;% & fo}kal% & fo}ku~] euh"kh & Learned People
O;lus"kq & nqO;Zlus"kq & cqjh vknrksa esa & In addictions
l[;e~ & eS=kh & fe=krk & Friendship
lsforO;% & vkJf;rO;% & vkJ; ysus ;ksX; & Should betaken as ashelter
lqHkkf"krkfu 51
nSokr~ & HkkX;kr~ & HkkX; ls & By luck
fuok;Zrs & fuokj.ka fØ;rs & jksdk tkrk gS & Beingprevented
veU=ke~ & u eU=ka] veU=ke{kja bfr & eU=kghu & Powerlessword
eU=k% & euu;ksX;% & euu ;ksX;@lkjoku~ & Hymen
ewye~ & iknikuke~ v/ksHkkx% & tM+ & Root
vkS"kèke~ & vkS"kfèk$v.k~ & nok] tM+h&cwVh & Herbal
(ouLifr&fufeZre~) medicine
;kstd% & ;kst;fr ;%] l% & tksM+us okyk & Connector
(;qt~ $.oqy~)
lfork & lw;Z% & lw;Z & The sun
[kj% & xnZHk%] jklHk% & xèkk & Donkey
'yksdkuke~ vUo;%μ
1- euq";k.kka 'kjhjLFk% egku~ 'k=kq% vkyL;e~A m|ele% cUèkq% u vfLr ;a ÑRok (euq";%) uvolhnfrA
2- xq.kh xq.ka osfÙk] fuxZq.k% (xq.ka) u osfÙk] cyh cya osfÙk] fucZy% (cya) u osfÙk] olUrL;xq.ka fid% (osfÙk)] ok;l% u (osfÙk)] flagL; cya djh (osfÙk)] ew"kd% uA
3- ;% fufeÙke~ mfí'; izoqQI;fr l% rL; (fufeÙkL;) vixes èkzqoa izlhnfr ;L; eu%vdkj.k}sf"k (vfLr) tu% ra dFka ifjrks"kf;";frA
4- i'kquk vfi mnhfjr% vFkZ% x`árs] g;k% ukxk% p cksfèkrk% (Hkkja) ogfUr] if.Mr% tu%vuqDre~ vfi Ågfr] cq¼;% ijsfXrKkuiQyk% HkofUrA
5- ujk.kka nsgfouk'kuk; izFke% 'k=kq% nsgfLFkr% Øksèk%A ;Fkk dk"Bxr% fLFkr% ofÉ% dk"Be~ ,ongrs (rFkSo 'kjhjLFk% Øksèk%) 'kjhja ngrs A
6- e`xk% e`xS% lg] xko'p xksfHk% lg] rqjxk% rqjX S% lg] ew[kkZ% ew[kSZ% lg] lqfèk;% lqèkhfHk%lg vuqoztfUrA leku'khyO;lus"kq l[;e~ (Hkofr)A
7- iQyPNk;k&lefUor% egko`{k% lsforO;%A nSokr~ ;fn iQya ukfLr (o`{kL;) Nk;k osQufuok;ZrsA
8- veU=ke~ v{kja ukfLr] vukS"kèke~ ewya ukfLr] v;ksX;% iq#"k% ukfLr] r=k ;kstd% nqyZHk%A
52 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
9- egrke~ laiÙkkS foiÙkkS p ,d:irk HkofrA ;Fkk lfork mn;s jDr% Hkofr] rFkk ,ovLre;s p jDr% HkofrA
10- fofp=ks lalkjs [kyq fdf×pr~ fujFkZoaQ ukfLrA v'o% psr~ èkkous ohj%] (rfgZ) HkkjL; ogus[kj% (ohj%) vfLrA
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) euq";k.kka egku~ fjiq% d%\
([k) xq.kh foaQ osfRr\
(x) osQ"kka lEiRrkS p foiRrkS p egrke~ ,d:irk\
(?k) i'kquk vfi dhn`'k% x`Þ;rs\
(Ä) mn;le;s vLrle;s p d% jDr% Hkofr\
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) osQu le% cUèkq% ukfLr\
([k) olUrL; xq.ka d% tkukfrA
(x) cq¼;% dhn`';% HkofUr\
(?k) ujk.kka izFke% 'k=kq% d%\
(Ä) lqqfèk;% l[;a osQu lg Hkofr\
(p) vLekfHk% dhn`'k% o`{k% lsforO;%\
3- v/ksfyf[krs vUo;};s fjDrLFkkuiwfr± oqQ#rμ
(d) ;% ------------------ mfí'; izoqQI;fr rL; ------------------ l% èkzqoa izlhnfrA ;L; eu%vdkj.k}sf"k vfLr] ------------------ ra dFka ifjrks"kf;";fr\
([k) ------------------ lalkjs [kyq ------------------ fujFkZde~ ukfLrA v'o% psr~ ------------------
ohj%] [kj% ------------------ ogus (ohj%) (Hkofr)
4- v/ksfyf[krkuka okD;kuka Ñrs lekukFkZdku~ 'yksdka'kku~ ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krμ
(d) fo}ku~ l ,o Hkofr ;% vuqDre~ vfi rF;a tkukfrA
([k) euq";% leLoHkkoS% tuS% lg fe=krka djksfrA
lqHkkf"krkfu 53
(x) ifjJea oqQokZ.k% uj% dnkfi nq%[ka u izkIuksfrA
(?k) egkUr% tuk% loZnSo leizÑr;% HkofUrA
5- ;FkkfunsZ'ka ifjorZua fo/k; okD;kfu jp;rμ
(d) xq.kh xq.ka tkukfrA (cgqopus)
([k) i'kq% mnhfjre~ vFk± x`ÊkfrA (deZokP;s)
(x) e`xk% e`xS% lg vuqoztfUrA (,dopus)
(?k) d% Nk;ka fuokj;frA (deZokP;s)
(Ä) rsu ,o ofÉuk 'kjhja ng~;rsA (drZokP;s)
6- (v) lfUèka@lfUèkfoPNsna oqQ#rμ
(d) u $ vfLr $ m|ele% & -------------
([k) ------- $ ------ & rL;kixes(x) vuqDre~ $ vfi $ Ågfr & -------------
(?k) ------ $ ---------- & xko'p(Ä) ------ $ ---------- & ukfLr(p) jDr% $ p $ vLre;s & -------------
(N) ------- $ ----------- & ;kstdLr=k
(vk) leLrina@foxzga fy[krμ(d) m|ele% ------------------
([k) 'kjhjs fLFkr% ------------------
(x) fucZy% ------------------
(?k) nsgL; fouk'kuk; ------------------
(Ä) egko`{k% ------------------
(p) lekua 'khya O;lua ;s"kka rs"kq ------------------
(N) v;ksX;% ------------------
7- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka foykseinkfu ikBkr~ fpRok fy[krμ(d) izlhnfr ------------------
([k) ew[kZ% ------------------
54 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) cyh ------------------
(?k) lqyHk% ------------------
(Ä) laiÙkkS ------------------
(p) vLre;s ------------------
(N) lkFkZde~ ------------------
(v) laLÑrsu okD;iz;ksxa oqQ#rμ(d) ok;l% ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
([k) fufeÙke~ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x) lw;Z% ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(?k) fid% ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Ä) ofÉ% ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ifj;kstukdk;Ze~(d) m|eL; egÙoa o.kZ;r% i×p'yksdku~ fy[krA
vFkok
dkfi dFkk ;k Hkofj% ifBrk L;kr~] ;L;ke~ m|eL; egÙoa of.kZre~] rka LoHkk"k;kfy[krA
([k) fufeÙkeqfí'; ;% izoqQI;fr èkqzoa l rL;kixes izlhnfrA ;fn Hkork dnkfi bZn`'k% vuqHko%Ñr% rfgZ LohÑrHkk"k;k fy[krA
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
laLÑr Ñfr;ksa osQ ftu i|ksa ;k i|ka'kksa esa lkoZHkkSe lR; dks cM+s ekfeZd <ax ls izLrqr fd;k x;kgSA mu i|ksa dks lqHkkf"kr dgrs gSaA ;g ikB ,sls nl lqHkkf"krksa dk laxzg gS tks laLÑr osQ fofHkUuxzaFkksa ls ladfyr gSaA buesa ifjJe dk egÙo] Øksèk dk nq"izHkko] lHkh oLrqvksa dh mikns;rk vkSjcqf¼ dh fo'ks"krk vkfn fo"k;ksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k gSA
1- rRiq#"k lekl'kjhjLFk% & 'kjhjs fLFkr%xgLFk% & x`gs fLFkr%euLLFk% & eufl fLFkr%rVLFk% & rVs fLFkr%
lqHkkf"krkfu 55
owQiLFk% & owQis fLFkr%o{kLFk% & o`{ks fLFkr%foekuLFk% & foekus fLFkr%
2- vO;;hHkko leklfuxqZ.ke~ & xq.kkuke~ vHkko%fueZf{kde~ & ef{kdk.kke~ vHkko%futZye~ & tyL; vHkko%fujkgkje~ & vkgkjL; vHkko%
3- i;kZ;okfpinkfu'k=kq% & fjiq%] vfj%] oSfj%fe=ke~ & l[kk] cUèkq%] lqân~ofÉ% & vfXu%] vuy%] ikod%lqfèk;% & fo}kal%] foKk%] vfHkKk%v'o% & rqjx%] g;%] ?kksVd%xt% & djh] gLrh] nUrh] ukx%] oqQ×tj%Ao`{k% & nzqe%] r#%] egh#g%] foVi%] ikni%Alfork & lw;Z%] fe=k%] fnokdj%] HkkLdj%A
eU=k% μ euukr~ =kk;rs bfr eU=k%A*
vFkkZr~ os 'kCn tks lksp&fopkj dj cksys tk,¡A lykg ysuk] eU=k.kk djukA eU=k~$vp~ (fdlhHkh nsork dks lEcksfèkr) oSfnd lwDr ;k izkFkZukijd oSfnd eU=kA osn dk ikB rhu izdkjdk gS& ;fn NUnksc¼ vkSj mPp Loj ls cksyk tkus okyk gS rks ^½o~Q* gS] ;fn x|e; vkSjeUnLoj esa cksyk tkus okyk gS rks ^;tql~* gS] vkSj ;fn NUnksc¼rk osQ lkFk xs;rk gS rks^lkeu~* gS (izkFkZukijd)A ;tql~ tks fdlh nsork dks mn~fn"V djosQ cksyk x;k gks& ^¬ ue%f'kok;* vkfnA iapra=k esa Hkh ea=k.kk] ijke'kZ] mins'k rFkk xqIr ea=k.kk osQ vFkZ esa bl 'kCn dkiz;ksx gqvk gSA
56 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
lIre% ikB%
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk
v;a ikB% ijLija LusglkSgknZiw.kZ% O;ogkj% L;kfnfr cks/;frA lEçfr o;a i';ke% ;r~lekts tuk% vkRekfHkekfuu% l×tkrk%] rs ijLija frjLoqQoZfUrA LokFkZiwj.ks layXuk% rs ijs"kkadY;k.kfo"k;s uSo fdefi fpUr;fUrA rs"kka thouksís';e~ v/quk bna l×tkre~ μ
¶uhpSjuhpSjfruhpuhpS% loSZ% mik;S% iQyeso lkè;e~
vr% lekts ikjLifjdLusglao/Zuk; vfLeu~ ikBs i'kqif{k.kka ekè;esu lekts O;oâre~vkRekfHkekua n'kZ;u~] çÑfrekrq% ekè;esu vUrs fu"d"kZ% LFkkfir% ;r~ dkykuqxq.ka losZ"kkaegÙoa Hkofr] losZ vU;ksU;kfJrk% lfUrA vr% vLekfHk%LodY;k.kk; ijLija Lusgsu eS=khiw.kZO;ogkjs.k p HkkO;e~A
ouL; n';a lehis ,oSdk unh ogfrA ,d%flag% lq[ksu foJkE;rs rnSo ,d% okuj% vkxR;rL; iqPNa èkqukfrA ozqQ¼% flag% ra izgrqZfePNfr ijaokujLrq owQfnZRok o{kek:<%A rnSo vU;Lekr~ o{kkr~vij% okuj% flagL; d.kZeko`Q"; iqu% o`{kksifjvkjksgfrA ,oeso okujk% okja okja flaga rqnfURkA ozqQ¼%flag% brLrr% /kofr] xtZfr ija fdefi drqZeleFkZ%,o fr"BfrA okujk% glfUr o{kksifj p fofo/k%if{k.k% vfi flagL; ,rkn'kha n'kka n"V~ok g"kZfefJradyjoa oqQoZfUrA
funzkHkÄõnq%[ksu oujkt% lUufi rqPNthoS% vkReu% ,rkn';k nqjoLFk;kJkUr% loZtUrwu~ n"V~ok iPNfr&
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 57
flag% & (Øks/su xtZu~) Hkks%! vga oujkt% fda Hk;a u tk;rs\ fdeFkZaekesoa rqnfUr losZ fefyRok\
,d% okuj% & ;r% Roa oujkt% Hkforqa rq loZFkk¿;ksX;%A jktk rq j{kd% Hkofrija Hkoku~ rq Hk{kd%A vfi p Loj{kk;kefi leFkZ% ukfl rfgZdFkeLeku~ jf{k";fl\
vU;% okuj% & fda u Jqrk Ro;k i×prU=kksfDr% &
;ks u j{kfr fo=kLrku~ ihM~;ekukUijS% lnkAtUrwu~ ikfFkZo:is.k l oQrkUrks u la'k;%AA
dkd% & vke~ lR;a dfFkra Ro;k& oLrqr% oujkt% Hkforqa rq vgeso ;ksX;%A
fid% & (miglu~) dFka Roa ;ksX;% oujkt% Hkforqa] ;=k r=k dk&dk bfrdoZQ'kèofuuk okrkoj.kekoqQyhdjksf"kA u :ie~] u èofujfLrAoQ".ko.kZe~ esè;kesè;Hk{kda Roka dFka oujkta eU;kegs o;e~\
dkd% & vjs! vjs! foaQ tYifl\ ;fnvga o`Q".ko.kZ% rfgZ Roa fdaxkSjkÄ~x%\ vfi p foLe;Zrsfda ;r~ ee lR;fiz;rk rqtukuka o`Qrsmnkgj.kLo:ik&^vuraonfl psr~ dkd% n'ksr~*& bfr izdkjs.kA vLekda ifjJe% ,sD;a pfo'oizfFkre~A vfi p dkdps"V% fo|kFkhZ ,o vkn'kZPNk=k% eU;rsA
fid% & vye~ vye~ vfrfodRFkusuA fda foLe;Zrs ;r~&
dkd% oQ".k% fid% oQ".k% dks Hksn% fiddkd;ks%AolUrle;s izkIrs dkd% dkd% fid% fid%AA
dkd% & js ijHkr~! vga ;fn ro larfra u iky;kfe rfgZ oqQ=k L;q% fidk%\vr% vge~ ,o djQ.kkij% if{klezkV~ dkd%A
58 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
xt% & lehir% ,okxPNu~ vjs! vjs! loZa lEHkk"k.ka Ük.oUusokge~ v=kkxPNe~Avga fo'kkydk;%] cy'kkyh] ijkØeh pA flag% ok L;kr~ vFkokvU;% dks¿fi] oU;i'kwu~ rq rqnUra tUrqega Lo'kq.Msu iksFkf;Rokekjf;";kfeA fdeU;% dks¿I;fLr ,rkn'k% ijkØehA vr% vgeso;ksX;% oujktink;A
okuj% & vjs! vjs! ,oa ok ('kh?kzeso xtL;kfi iqPNa fo/w; o{kksifj vkjksgfrA)
(xt% ra o`{keso Lo'kq.Msu vkyksMf;rqfePNfr ija okujLrq owQfnZRok vU;a o`{kekjksgfrA ,oaxta o`{kkr~ o`{ka izfr /koUra n`"V~ok flag% vfi glfr onfr pA)
flag% & Hkks% xt! ekeI;soesokrqnu~ ,rs okujk%A
okuj% & ,rLeknso rq dFk;kfe ;ngeso ;ksX;% oujktink; ;su fo'kkydk;aijkØfe.ka] Hk;adja pkfi flga xta ok ijktsrqa leFkkZ vLekdatkfr%A vr% oU;tUrwuka j{kk;S o;eso {kek%A
(,rRloZa JqRok unheè;fLFkr% ,d% cd%)
cd% & vjs! vjs! eka fogk; dFkeU;% dks¿fi jktk HkforqegZfrA vga rq'khrys tys cgqdkyi;ZUre~ vfopy% è;kueXu% fLFkrizK bofLFkRok losZ"kka j{kk;k% mik;ku~ fpUrf;";kfe] ;kstuka fuehZ; pLolHkk;ka fofo/ineyaoqQokZ.kS% tUrqfHk'p fefyRok j{kksik;ku~fØ;kfUorku~ dkjf;";kfe] vr% vgeso oujktinizkIr;s ;ksX;%A
e;wj% & (o`{kksifjr%&lkV~VgkliwoZde~) foje foje vkRe'yk?kk;k% fda utkukfl ;r~&
;fn u L;kUujifr% lE;Ä~usrk rr% iztkAvd.kZ/kjk ty/kS foIyosrsg ukSfjoAA
dks u tkukfr ro è;kukoLFkke~A fLFkrizK* bfr O;ktsu ojkdku~ehuku~ Nysu vf/xg~; Øwjr;k Hk{k;flA f/d~ Roke~A ro dkj.kkr~rq loZa if{koqQyesokoekfura tkre~A
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 59
okuj% & (lxoZe~) vr,o dFk;kfe ;r~ vgeso ;ksX;% oujktink;A 'kh?kzesoee jkT;kfHk"ksdk; rRijk% HkoUrq losZ oU;thok%A
e;wj% & vjs okuj! rw".kha HkoA dFka Roa ;ksX;% oujktink;\ i';rq i';rqee f'kjfl jkteqoqQVfeo f'k[kka LFkki;rk fo/k=kk ,okga if{kjkt%oQr%] vr% ous fuolUra eka oujkt:is.kkfi nz"Vqa lTtk% HkoUrqv/qukA ;r% dFka dks¿I;U;% fo/krq% fu.kZ;e~ vU;FkkdrqZa {ke%A
dkd% & (lO;Ä~X;e~) vjs vfgHkqd~A uR;kfrfjDra dk ro fo'ks"krk ;r~ Rokaoujktink; ;ksX;a eU;kegs o;e~A
e;wj% & ;r% ee uR;a rq izoQrs% vkjk/ukA i';! i';! ee fiPNkukeiwoZalkSan;Ze~ (fiPNkuqn~?kkV~; uR;eqnzk;ka fLFkr% lu~) u dks¿fi =kSyksD;seRln'k% lqUnj%A oU;tUrwukeqifj vkØe.ka drkZja rq vga LolkSUn;sZ.kuR;su p vkdf"kZra ÑRok oukr~ cfg"dfj";kfeA vr% vgeso;ksX;% oujktink;A
(,rfLeUuso dkys O;k?kzfp=kdkS vfi unhtya ikrqekxrkS ,ra fookna Ük`.kqr% onr% p)
O;k?kzfp=kdkS & vjs fda oujktink; lqik=ka ph;rs\
,rnFkZa rq vkokeso ;ksX;kSA ;L; dL;kfi p;ua oqQoZUrq loZlEeR;kA
flag% & rw".kha Hko Hkks%A ;qokefi eRln'kkS Hk{kdkS u rq j{kdkSA ,rsoU;thok% Hk{kda j{kdin;ksX;a u eU;Urs vr,o fopkjfoe'kZ%izpyfrA
cd% & loZFkk lE;xqDre~ flagegksn;suA oLrqr% ,o flagsu cgqdkyi;ZUra'kklua oQre~ ije/quk rq dks¿fi i{kh ,o jktsfr fu'psrO;e~ v=krq la'khfrys'kL;kfi vodk'k% ,o ukfLrA
losZ if{k.k% & (mPpS%)& vke~ vke~& df'pr~ [kx% ,o oujkt% Hkfo";fr bfrA
(ija df'pnfi [kx% vkRekua fouk ukU;a defi vLeS ink; ;ksX;a fpUr;fUr rfgZ dFkafu.kZ;%Hkosr~ rnk rS% loSZ% xgufunzk;ka fuf'pUra LoiUre~ mywda oh{; fopkfjre~ ;ns"k%
60 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
vkRe'yk?kkghu% infufyZIr% mywdks ,okLekda jktk Hkfo";frA ijLijekfn'kfUr p rnkuh;Urkau`ikfHk"ksdlEcfU/u% lEHkkjk% bfrA)
losZ if{k.k% lTtk;S xUrqfePNfUr rfgZ vuk;kl ,o&
dkd% & (vêðgkliw.ksZu&Losj.k)&loZFkk v;qDresrr~ ;Ue;wj& gal& dksfdy&pØokd&'kqd&lkjlkfn"kq if{kiz/kus"kq fo|ekus"kq fnokU/L;kL;djkyoD=kL;kfHk"ksdkFkZa losZ lTtk%A iw.kZa fnua ;kor~ funzk;ek.k%,"k% dFkeLeku~ jf{k";frA oLrqrLrq&
LoHkkojkSnzeR;qxza Øwjefiz;okfnue~Amywda uifra oQRok dk uq flf¼HkZfo";frAA(rr% izfo'kfr izo`Qfrekrk)
izÑfrekrk& (lLusge~) Hkks% Hkks% izkf.ku%A ;w;e~ losZ ,o es lUrfr%A dFka feFk% dygaoqQoZfUrA oLrqr% losZ oU;thfou% vU;ksU;kfJrk%A lnSo Lejr&
nnkfr izfrxg~.kkfr] xqg~;ek[k~;kfr iPNfrAHkqÄ~Drs Hkkst;rs pSo "kM~&fo/a izhfry{k.ke~AA
(losZ izkf.ku% leosrLojs.k)ekr%! dFk;fr rq Hkorh loZFkk lE;d~ ijao;a Hkorha u tkuhe%A HkoR;k% ifjp;% d%\
izoQfrekrk & vga izoQfr% ;q"ekda losZ"kkatuuh\ ;w;a losZ ,o es fiz;k%A losZ"kkesoeRoQrs egÙoa fo|rs ;Fkkle;e~ u rkor~dygsu le;a oFkk ; ki;Ur q vfir qfefyRok ,o eksnèoa thoua p jle;a oqQjQèoe~A r|Fkk dfFkre~&
iztklq[ks lq[ka jkK%] iztkuka p fgrs fgre~AukRefiz;a fgra jkK%] iztkuka rq fiz;a fgre~AA
vfi p&
vxk/tyl×pkjh u xoZa ;kfr jksfgr%AvÄ~xq"Bksndek=ks.k 'kiQjh iqQiqZQjk;rsAA
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 61
vr% HkoUr% losZ¿fi 'kiQjhor~ ,oSQdL; xq.kL; ppkZa fogk;] fefyRok izoQfrlkSUn;kZ;ouj{kk;S p iz;rUrke~A
losZ izoQfrekrja iz.kefUr fefyRok n<ladYiiwoZda p xk;fUr&izkf.kuka tk;rs gkfu% ijLijfooknr%AvU;ksU;lg;ksxsu ykHkLrs"kka iztk;rsAA
'kCnkFkkZ%
/qukfr@/wuksfr & x`ghRok vkUnksy;fr & idM+dj ?kqek nsrk gS & Twists
d.kZeko`Q"; & Jks=ka d"kZf;Rok] & dku [khapdj & Pulling ears
d.kZe~$vko`Q";
rqnfUr & volkn;fUr & rax djrs gSa & Teasing
dyjoe~ & if{k.kka owQtue~ & pgpgkgV dks & Birds’
chirping
lUufi & lu~$vfi & gksrs gq, Hkh & Even being
so
fo=kLrku~ & fo'ks"ks.k Hkhrku~ & fo'ks"k:i ls Mjs & Very
gqvksa dks scared
o`QrkUr%&;ejkt%& e`R;q dk nsork&;ejkt & thou dk vUr & God of
djus okys death
vu`re~ & u ½re~] vyhde~ & vlR; & Lie
vfrfodRFkue~ & vkRe'yk?kk & Mhaxs ekjuk & Brag about
Ük`.oUusokge~ & Ük`.ou~$,o$vge~] & lqurs gq, gh eSa & Listeninig
vkd.kZ;u~ ,o vge~ while
iksFkf;Rok & ihMf;Rok gfu";kfe & Dys'k nsdj ekj & Kill by
ekjf;";kfe Mkyw¡xk torturing
fo/w; & vkd";Z & [khapdj & By dragging
62 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
lkV~VgkliwoZde~ & vV~Vgklsu lfgre~ & Bgkdk ekjrs gq, & With guffaw
foIyosrsg & foIyosr$bg] v=k & Mwc ldrh gS & May sink
fueTtsr~] fo'kh;sZr
ty/kS & lkxjs & leqnz esa & In ocean
ukSfjo & ukS%$bo] ukSdk;k% & ukSdk osQ leku & like a boat
lekue~
f'kjfl & eLrosQ & flj ij & on the head
la'khfrys'kL; & lUnsgek=kL; & ”kjk ls Hkh lUnsg dh & Slight doubt
oh{; & foyksD;@n`"V~ok & ns[kdj & After seeing
lEHkkjk% & lkex~z;% & lkefxz;k¡ & Materials
djkyoD=kL; & Hk;adjeq[kL; & Hk;adj eq[k okys dk & Terrible
faced
feFk% & ijLije~ & vkil esa & Among
themselves
xqg~;ek[;kfr & jgL;a onfr & jgL; dgrk gS & Tells the
secret
eksnèoe~ & izlUuk% Hkor & (rqe lc) izlUu & (You all)
gks tkvks Be happy
vxk/tyl×pkjh & vlhferty/kjk;ka & vFkkg ty/kjk esa lapj.k& Who moves
Hkzeu~ djus okyk in deep water
jksfgr% & ^jksfgr* uke eRL;% & jksfgr (jksgw) uked & Rohu, a big
cM+h eNyh fish
vaxq"Bksndek=ks.k& vaxq"Bek=ktys & vaxwBs osQ cjkcj ty esa & In thumb
vFkkZr~ FkksM+s ls ty esa deep water
'kiQjh & y?kqeRL;% & NksVh lh eNyh & small fish
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 63
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ(d) oujkt% oSQ% nqjoLFkka izkIr%\
([k) d% okrkoj.ka doZQ'kèofuuk vkoqQyhdjksfr\
(x) dkdps"V% fo|kFkhZ dhn`'k% Nk=k% eU;rs\
(?k) d% vkRekua cy'kkyh] fo'kkydk;%] ijkØeh p dFk;frA
(Ä) cd% dhn`'kku~ ehuku~ Øwjr;k Hk{k;fr\
2- v/ksfyf[kriz'ukukeqÙkjkf.k iw.kZokD;su fy[krμ(d) fu%la'k;a d% o`QrkUr% eU;rs\
([k) cd% oU;tUrwuka j{kksik;ku~ dFka fpUrf;rqa dFk;fr\
(x) vUrs izo`Qfrekrk izfo'; loZizFkea fda onfr\
(?k) ;fn jktk lE;d~ u Hkofr rnk iztk dFka foIyosr~\
(Ä) e;wj% dFka u`R;eqnzk;ka fLFkr% Hkofr\
(p) vUrs losZ fefyRok dL; jkT;kfHk"ksdk; rRijk% Hkofr\
(N) vfLeUukVosQ dfr ik=kkf.k lfUr\
3- js[kkafdrinek/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQjQrμ(d) flag% okujkH;ka Loj{kk;ke~ vleFkZ% ,oklhr~A
([k) xt% oU;i'kwu~ rqnUra 'kq.Msu iksFkf;Rok ekj;frA
(x) okuj% vkRekua oujktink; ;ksX;% eU;rsA
(?k) e;wjL; u`R;a izo`Qrs% vkjk/ukA
(Ä) losZ izo`Qfrekrja iz.kefUrA
4- 'kqn~/dFkukuka le{ke~ vke~ v'kqn~/dFkukuka p le{ka u bfr fy[krμ(d) flag% vkRekua rqnUra okuja ekj;frA
([k) dk&dk bfr cdL; èofu% HkofrA
(x) dkdfid;ks% o.kZ% o`Q".k% HkofrA
(?k) xt% y?kqdk;%] fucZy% p HkofrA
(Ä) e;wj% cdL; dkj.kkr~ if{koqQye~ voekfura eU;rsA
(p) vU;ksU;lg;ksxsu izkf.kuke~ ykHk% tk;rsA
64 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
5- e×tw"kkr% leqfpra ina fpRok fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμfLFkrizK%] ;Fkkle;e~] esè;kesè;Hk{kd%] vfgHkqd~] vkRe'yk?kkghu%] fid%A
(d) dkd%----------------------HkofrA
([k) ----------------------ijHk`r~ vfi dF;rsA
(x) cd% vfopy%----------------------bo fr"BfrA
(?k) e;wj%----------------------bfr ukEuk¿fi Kk;rsA
(Ä) mywd%----------------------infufyZIr% pklhr~A
(p) losZ"kkeso egÙoa fo|rs----------------------A
6- okP;ifjorZua o`QRok fy[krμmnkgj.ke~& Øqn~/% flag% brLrr% /kofr xtZfr pA
Øqn~/su flagsu brLrr% /kO;rs xT;Zrs pA(d) Ro;k lR;a dfFkre~A
([k) flag% loZtUrwu~ i`PNfrA
(x) dkd% fidL; larfra iky;frA
(?k) e;wj% fo/k=kk ,o if{kjkt% oujkt% ok o`Qr%A
(Ä) loSZ% [kxS% dks¿fi [kx% ,o oujkt% drqZfe";rs LeA
(p) losZ fefyRok izo`QfrlkSUn;kZ; iz;Rua oqQoZUrqA
7- leklfoxzga leLrina ok fy[krμ(d) rqPNthoS% -----------------------------------------A
([k) o`{kksifj -----------------------------------------A
(x) if{k.kka lezkV~ -----------------------------------------A
(?k) fLFkrk izKk ;L; l% -----------------------------------------A
(Ä) viwoZe~ -----------------------------------------A
(p) O;k?kzfp=kdk -----------------------------------------A
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
vktdy ge ;=k&r=k loZ=k ns[krs gSa fd lekt esa izk;% lHkh Lo;a dks Js"B le>rs gq,ijLij ,d nwljs dk frjLdkj dj jgs gSa vkSj LokFkZ lk/u esa yxs gq, gSa&
¶uhpSjuhpSjfruhpuhpS% loSZ% mik;S% iQyeso lkè;e~
lkSgknZa izÑrs% 'kksHkk 65
vr% lekt esa esy tksy c<+kus dh n`f"V ls bl ikB esa izo`Qfr ekrk osQ ekè;e ls ;gfn[kkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd lHkh dk ;Fkkle; viuk&viuk egÙo gS rFkk lHkh ,dnwljs ij vkfJr gSa vr% gesa ijLij fookn djrs gq, ugha vfirq fey&tqydj jguk pkfg,]rHkh gekjk dY;k.k laHko gSA
fofp=ks [kyq lalkjs ukfLr fdf×pr~ fujFkZde~Av'o'psr~ /kous ohj%] HkkjL; ogus [kj%AAegkUra izkI; ln~cqn~/s! laR;tsUu y?kqa tue~A;=kkfLr lwfpdkdk;Za o`Qik.k% fda dfj";frAA
^'kkf.MY;'krde~* ls mn~/`r ;s nksuksa 'yksd Hkh blh ckr dh iqf"V djrs gaS fd lalkj esa dksbZHkh NksVk ;k cM+k ugha gS] lHkh dk viuk&viuk egÙo gS tSls& ?kksM+k ;fn nkSM+us esa fuiq.k gS rksx/k Hkkjogu esa] lqbZ tksM+us dk dk;Z djrh gS rks o`Qik.k dkVus dk vr% lalkj dh fØ;k'khyrkvkSj xfr'khyrk esa lHkh dk viuk&viuk egÙo gSA lHkh osQ vius&vius dk;Z gSa] viuk&viuk;ksxnku gS] vr% gesa u rks fdlh dk;Z dks NksVk ;k cM+k] rqPN ;k egku~ le>uk pkfg, vkSj ugh fdlh izk.kh dksA vkil esa feytqy dj lkSgknZ&iw.kZ rjhosQ ls thou ;kiu djus esa gh izo`Qfrdk lkSUn;Z gSA fofHkUu izkf.k;ksa ls lEcfU/r fuEufyf[kr 'yksdksa dks Hkh if<+, vkSj jlkLoknudhft,&
bfUnz;kf.k p la;E; cdor~ if.Mrks uj%Ans'kdkycya KkRok loZdk;kZf.k lk/;sr~AAdkdps"V% cdè;kuh 'okufunz% rFkSo pAvYikgkjh x`gR;kxh fo|kFkhZ i×py{k.k%AALi'kUufi xtks gfUr ft?kzUufi HkqtÄõe%AglUufi u`iks gfUr] eku;Uufi nqtZu%AA
izkIrO;eFkZa yHkrs euq";ks] nsoks¿fi ra yÄ~?kf;rqa u 'kDr%ArLekUu 'kkspkfe u foLe;ks es ;nLenh;a u fg rRijs"kke~AA
v;a fut% ijks osfr x.kuk y?kqpsrlke~Amnkjpfjrkuka rq olq/So oqQVqEcde~AA
oLrqr% rHkh gekjh ;s LkHkh dkeuk,¡ Hkh lkFkZd gks ldrh gSa&losZ HkoUrq lqf[ku%] losZ lUrq fujke;k%AlosZ Hknzkf.k i';Urq] ek df'pr~ nq%[kHkkXHkosr~AA
rFkk p v/quk je.kh;k fg l`f"Vjs"kk txRirs%Athok% losZ¿=k eksnUrka Hkko;Ur% ijLije~AA
66 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
v"Ve% ikB%
fofp=k% lk{kh
v;a ikB% vkseçdk'kBéï°jfojfprdFkk;k% lEikfnr% va'k% vfLrA b;a dFkk cÄ~xlkfgR;dkj&cafdepUæpVthZ}kjk U;k;k/h'k:is.k çnÙkfu.kZ;ksifj vk/kfjrk vfLrA U;k;drkZj%lR;klR;fu.kZ;kFk± ;nk&dnk rkn'khuka ;qDrhuka ç;ksxa oqQoZfUr ;kfHk% çek.ka foukfi U;k;%L;kr~A vL;ka dFkk;kefi U;k;k/h'ksu rFkSo ekxZ% vkpfjr%A
d'pu fu/Zuks tu% Hkwfj ifjJE; fdf×pn~ foÙkeqikftZroku~A rsu foÙksu Loiq=ke~,dfLeu~ egkfo|ky;s izos'ka nkif;rqa liQyks tkr%A rÙku;% r=kSo Nk=kkoklsfuolu~ vè;;us layXu% leHkwr~A ,dnk l firk ruwtL; #X.krkekd.;Z O;koqQykstkr% iq=ka nz"Vqa p izfLFkr%A ijeFkZdk';ssZu ihfMr% l cl;kua fogk; inkfrjsoizkpyr~A
inkfrØes.k lapyu~ lk;a le;s¿I;lkS xUrO;kn~ nwjs vklhr~A ^fu'kkUèkdkjsizlrs fotus izns'ks in;k=kk u 'kqHkkogk*] ,oa fopk;Z l ik'oZfLFkrs xzkes jkf=kfuokladÙkq± df×pn~ xgLFkeqikxr%A d#.kkijks xgh rLeS vkJ;a izk;PNr~A
fofp=kk nSoxfr%A rL;keso jk=kkS rfLeu~ xgs d'pu pkSj% xgkH;Urja izfo"V%Ar=k fufgrkesdka e×tw"kke~ vknk; iykf;r%A pkSjL; iknèofuuk izcq¼ks¿frfFk%pkSj'kÄï;k reUo/kor~ vxg~.kkPp] ija fofp=ke?kVrA pkSj% ,o mPpS% Øksf'krqekjHkr^^pkSjks¿;a pkSjks¿;e~** bfrA rL; rkjLojs.k izcq¼k% xzkeokflu% Loxgkn~ fu"ØE;r=kkxPNu~ ojkdefrfFkeso p pkSja eRok¿HkRlZ;u~A ;|fi xzkeL; vkj{kh ,o pkSjvklhr~A rR{k.keso j{kkiq#"k% re~ vfrfFka pkSjks¿;e~ bfr iz[;kI; dkjkxgs izkf{kir~A
fofp=k% lk{kh 67
vfxzes fnus l vkj{kh pkS;kZfHk;ksxs ra U;k;ky;a uhroku~A U;k;k/h'kkscafdepUnz% mHkkH;ka iFko~Q&iFko~Q fooj.ka Jqroku~A lo± oÙkeoxR; l ra funksZ"ke~veU;r vkjf{k.ka p nks"kHkktue~A fdUrq izek.kkHkkokr~ l fu.ksZrqa uk'kDuksr~A rrks¿lkSrkS vfxzes fnus miLFkkrqe~ vkfn"Voku~A vU;s|q% rkS U;k;ky;s Lo&Lo&i{ka iqu%LFkkfiroUrkSA rnSo df'pn~ r=kR;% deZpkjh lekxR; U;osn;r~ ;r~ br%Øks'k};kUrjkys df'pTtu% osQukfi gr%A rL; er'kjhja jktekx± fud"kk orZrsAvkfn';rka ¯d dj.kh;fefrA U;k;k/h'k% vkjf{k.ke~ vfHk;qDra p ra 'koa U;k;ky;svkusrqekfn"Voku~A
vkns'ka izkI; mHkkS izkpyrke~A r=kksisR; dk"BiVys fufgra iVkPNkfnra nsgaLdUèksu ogUrkS U;k;kf/dj.ka izfr izfLFkrkSA vkj{kh lqiq"Vnsg vklhr~] vfHk;qDr'pvrho Ñ'kdk;%A Hkkjor% 'koL; LdUèksu ogua rRÑrs nq"dje~ vklhr~A lHkkjosnu;k ØUnfr LeA rL; ØUnua fu'kE; eqfnr vkj{kh reqokp&^js nq"V!rfLeu~ fnus Ro;k¿ga pksfjrk;k e×tw"kk;k xzg.kkn~ okfjr%A bnkuha futÑR;L;iQya HkqÄ~{oA vfLeu~ pkS;kZfHk;ksxs Roa o"kZ=k;L; dkjkn.Ma yIL;ls** bfr izksP;mPpS% vglr~A ;FkkdFkf×pn~ mHkkS 'koekuh; ,dfLeu~ pRojs LFkkfiroUrkSA
U;k;k/h'ksu iquLrkS ?kVuk;k% fo"k;s oDrqekfn"VkSA vkjf{kf.k futi{ka izLrqrofrvk'p;Ze?kVr~ l 'ko% izkokjdeilk;Z U;k;k/h'kefHkok| fuosfnroku~& ekU;oj!,rsu vkjf{k.kk vèofu ;nqDra rn~ o.kZ;kfe ^Ro;k¿ga pksfjrk;k% e×tw"kk;k%
68 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
xzg.kkn~ okfjr%] vr% futÑR;L; iQya HkqÄ~{oA vfLeu~ pkS;kZfHk;ksxs Roa o"kZ=k;L;dkjkn.Ma yIL;ls* bfrA
U;k;k/h'k% vkjf{k.ks dkjkn.Mekfn'; ra tua llEekua eqDroku~A
vr,oksP;rs & nq"djk.;fi dekZf.k efroSHko'kkfyu%A
uh¯r ;qfDra lekyEC; yhy;So izoqQoZrsAA
'kCnkFkkZ%
Hkwfj & i;kZIre~ & vR;f/d & Plenty
mikftZroku~ & vftZroku~ & dek;k & Earned
fuolu~ & okla oqQoZu~ & jgrs gq, & While residing
izl`rs & foLr`rs & iSQys gq, & Spreaded
fotus izns'ks & ,dkUrizns'ks & ,dkUr izns'k esa & In a desolateplace
'kqHkkogk & dY;k.kiznk & dY;k.kdkjh & Charitable
x`gh & x`gLokeh & xgLFk & House holder
nSoxfr% & HkkX;fLFkfr% & HkkX; dh yhyk & Destiny
iykf;r% & osxsu fuxZr%@iyk;uedjksr~ &Hkkx x;k] pyk x;k & Ran away
izcq¼% & tkxr% & tkxk gqvk & Awakened
Rofjre~ & 'kh?kze~ & 'kh?kzxkeh & Swift
izfLFkr% & xr% & pyk x;k & Went
vFkZdk';sZu & /uL; vHkkosu & /ukHkko osQ dkj.k & Scarcity ofmoney
inkfrjso & iknkH;ke~ ,o & iSny gh & On foot
iqal% & iq#"kL; & euq"; dk & Human's
fufgrke~ & LFkkfirke~ & j[kh gqbZ & Placed/kept
vUo/kor~ & vUoxPNr~ & ihNs&ihNs x;k & He/she
followed
fofp=k% lk{kh 69
Øksf'krqe~ & phRdrqZe~ & -tksj -tksj ls & Shouting
fpYykus
rkjLojs.k & mPPkLojs.k & Å¡ph vkok -t esa & Loudly
vHkRlZ;u~ & HkRlZuke~ voqQoZu~ & Hkyk&cqjk dgk & They
criticized
iz[;kI; & LFkkI; & LFkkfir djosQ & Establishing
pkS;kZfHk;ksxs & pkSjdeZf.k] pkS;Znks"kkjksis & pksjh osQ vkjksi esa & On an
allegation ofstealing
uhroku~ & vu;r~ & ys x;k & (He) took
voxR; & KkRok & tkudj & Knowing
nks"kHkktue~ & nks"kik=ke~ & nks"kh & Culprit
miLFkkrqe~ & miLFkkif;rqe~ & mifLFkr gksus & To be
osQ fy, presented
vkjf{k.ke~ & lSfude~ (j{kd iq#"k) & lSfud dks & To guard
vkfn"Voku~ & vkKka nÙkoku~ & vkKk nh & (He) ordered
LFkkfiroUrkS & LFkkiuka ÑroUrkS & LFkkiuk djosQ & Establishing
r=kR;% & r=k Hko% & ogk¡ dk & Of that place
U;osn;r & izkFkZ;r & izkFkZuk dh & (He/she)
requested
Øks'k};kUrjkys & };ks% Øks'k;ks% eè;s & nks dksl osQ eè; & At the distanceof around twomiles
vkfn';rke~ & vkns'ka nh;rke~ & vkKk nhft, & Order
misR; & lehia xRok & ikl tkdj & Going near
dk"BiVys & dk"BL; iVys & ydM+h osQ r[rs ij & On a woodenboard
70 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
fufgre~ & LFkkfire~ & j[kk x;k & Kept
iVkPNkfnre~ & oL=ks.kkore~ & diM+s ls <dk gqvk & Covered bycloth
ogUrkS & /kj;UrkS & /kj.k djrs gq,] & Carrying
ogu djrs gq,
Ñ'kdk;% & nqcZya 'kjhje~ & de -tksj 'kjhjokyk & Lean body
Hkkjor% & Hkkjokfgu% & Hkkjokgh & Of heavybuilt
Hkkjosnu;k & HkkjihM;k & Hkkj dh ihM+k ls & By the painof the load
ØUnue~ & jksnue~ & jksus dks & Weeping
fu'kE; & JqRok] vkd.;Z & lqu djosQ & Listening
eqfnr% & izlÂ% & izl & Happy
HkqÄ~{o & Hkksxa oqQjQ & Hkksxks & Meet the
nemesis
pRojs & ÜkÄõkVosQ@prq"iFks & pkSjkgs ij & At square
yIL;ls & izkIL;ls & izkIr djksxs & You will get
izkokjde~ & vkPNknuoL=ke~ & mQij vks<+k gqvk oL=k & Covering cloth
vilk;Z & viok;Z & nwj djosQ & Removing
vfHkok| & vfHkoknua ÑRok & vfHkoknu djosQ & Saluting
vèofu & ekxsZ & jkLrs esa & On the way
;nqDre~ & ;r~ dfFkre~ & tks dgk x;k & Whateverwas said
okfjr% & fuokfjr% & jksdk x;k & Stopped
eqDroku~ & vR;tr~ & NksM+ fn;k & Released
lekyEC; & vkJ;a x`ghRok & lgkjk ysdj & Taking recourse
fofp=k% lk{kh 71
yhy;So & dkSrqosQu (lqxer;k) & [ksy&[ksy esa & In a flash
vkfn'; & vkns'ka nÙok & vkns'k nsdj & Ordering
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) dhn`'ks izns'ks in;k=kk u lq[kkogk\
([k) vfrfFk% osQu izcq¼%\
(x) Ñ'kdk;% d% vklhr~\
(?k) U;k;k/h'k% dLeS dkjkxkjn.Me~ vkfn"Voku~\
(Ä) oaQ fud"kk e`r'kjhje~ vklhr~\
2- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) fu/Zu% tu% dFka foÙke~ mikftZroku~\
([k) tu% fdeFk± inkfr% xPNfr\
(x) izl`rs fu'kkUèkdkjs l fde~ vfpUr;r~\
(?k) oLrqr% pkSj% d% vklhr~\
(Ä) tuL; ØUnua fu'kE; vkj{kh fdeqDroku~\
(p) efroSHko'kkfyu% nq"djkf.k dk;kZf.k dFka lkèk;fUr\
3- js[kkfÄïrinekèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ
(d) iq=ka nz"Vqa l% izfLFkr%A
([k) d#.kkijks xgh rLeS vkJ;a izk;PNr~A
(x) pkSjL; iknèofuuk vfrfFk% izcq¼%A
(?k) U;k;k/h'k% cafdepUnz% vklhr~A
(Ä) l Hkkjosnu;k ØUnfr LeA
(p) mHkkS 'koa pRojs LFkkfiroUrkSA
72 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
4- ;FkkfunsZ'keqÙkjrμ
(d) ^vkns'ka izkI; mHkkS vpyrke~* v=k foaQ drZine~\
([k) ^,rsu vkjf{k.kk vèofu ;nqDra rr~ o.kZ;kfe*&v=k ^ekxsZ* bR;FksZ foaQ ina iz;qDre~\
(x) ^djQ.kkijks x`gh rLeS vkJ;a izk;PNr~*& v=k ^rLeS* bfr loZukeina dLeS iz;qDre~\
(?k) ^rrks¿lkS rkS vfxzes fnus miLFkkrqe~ vkfn"Voku~* vfLeu~ okD;s foaQ fØ;kine~\
(Ä) ^nq"djk.;fi dekZf.k efroSHko'kkfyu%*&v=k fo'ks";ina fde~\
5- l¯U/@lfU/foPNsna p oqQ#rμ
(d) inkfrjso & ---------------------- $ ----------------------
([k) fu'kkU/dkjs & ---------------------- $ ----------------------
(x) vfHk $ vkxre~ & ------------------------------------------------
(?k) Hkkstu $ vUrs & ------------------------------------------------
(Ä) pkSjks¿;e~ & ---------------------- $ ----------------------
(p) x`g $ vH;Urjs & ------------------------------------------------
(N) yhy;So & ---------------------- $ ----------------------
(t) ;nqDre~ & ---------------------- $ ----------------------
(>) izcq¼% $ vfrfFk% & ------------------------------------------------
6- v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu fHkUu&fHkÂizR;;kUrkfu lfUrA rkfu i`Fko~Q ÑRok fufnZ"VkukaizR;;kuke/% fy[krμ
ifjJE;] mikftZroku~] nkif;rqe~] izfLFkr%] nz"Vqe~] fogk;] i"Voku~] izfo"V%] vknk;] Øksf'krqe~]fu;qDr%] uhroku~] fu.ksZrqe~] vkfn"Voku~] lekxR;] Ekqfnr%A
Y;i~ Dr Drorq rqequ~----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
----------------- ----------------- ----------------- -----------------
fofp=k% lk{kh 73
7- (v) vèkksfyf[krkfu okD;kfu cgqopus ifjorZ;rμ
(d) l cl;kua fogk; inkfrjso xUrqa fu'p;a Ñroku~A
([k) pkSj% xzkes fu;qDr% jktiq#"k% vklhr~A
(x) d'pu pkSj% x`gkH;Urja izfo"V%A
(?k) vU;s|q% rkS U;k;ky;s Lo&Lo&i{ka LFkkfiroUrkSA
(vk)dks"BosQ"kq nÙks"kq ins"kq ;FkkfufnZ"Vka foHkfDra iz;qT; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμ
(d) l% ----------------- fu"ØE; cfgjxPNr~A (x`g'kCns iapeh)
([k) x`gLFk% ----------------- vkJ;a izk;PNr~A (vfrfFk'kCns prqFkhZ)
(x) rkS ----------------- izfr izfLFkrkSA (U;k;kf/dkfju~ 'kCns f}rh;k)
(?k) ----------------- pkS;kZfHk;ksxs Roa o"kZ=k;L; dkjkn.Ma yIL;lsA (bne~ 'kCns lIreh)
(Ä) pkSjL; ----------------- izcq¼% vfrfFk%A (iknèofu'kCns r`rh;k)
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ikB Jh vkseizdk'k BkoqQj }kjk jfpr dFkk dk lEikfnr va'k gSA ;g dFkk caxyk osQizfl¼ lkfgR;dkj cafdepUnz pVthZ }kjk U;k;k/h'k&:i esa fn;s x;s iSQlys ij vk/kfjr gSAlR;klR; osQ fu.kZ; gsrq U;k;k/h'k dHkh&dHkh ,slh ;qfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gSa ftlls lk{;osQ vHkko esa Hkh U;k; gks losQA bl dFkk esa Hkh fo}ku~ U;k;k/h'k us ,slh gh ;qfDr dkiz;ksx dj U;k; djus esa liQyrk ikbZ gSA
(d) fofp=k% lk{khU;k;ks Hkofr izek.kk/hu%A izek.ka fouk U;k;a drq± u dks¿fi {ke% loZ=kA U;k;ky;s¿fiU;k;k/h'kk% ;fLeu~ dfLeÂfi fo"k;s izek.kkHkkos u leFkkZ% HkofUrA vr,o] vfLeu~ ikBspkS;kZfHk;ksxs U;k;k/h'k% izFker% lk{;a (izek.ke~) fouk fu.ksZrqa uk'kDuksr~A vijs|q% ;nk l'ko% U;k;k/h'ka lo± fuosfnroku~ lizek.ka rnk l% vkjf{k.ks dkjkn.Mekfn'; ra tuallEekua eqDroku~A vL; ikBL; v;eso lUns'k%A
([k) efroSHko'kkfyu%cqf¼lEifÙklEiÂk%A ;s fo}kal% cqf¼Lo:ifoHko;qDrk% rs efroSHko'kkfyu% HkofUrA rs
,o cqf¼pkrq;Zcysu vlEHkodk;kZf.k vfi ljyr;k oqQoZfUrA
74 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) l 'ko%U;k;k/h'k cafdepUnzegksn;S% v=k izek.kL; vHkkos fdefi izPNÂ% tu% lk{;a izkIrqafu;qDr% tkr%A ;n~ ?kfVreklhr~ l% lo± lR;a KkRok lk{;a izLrqroku~A ikBs¿fLeu~ 'ko%,o ^fofp=k% lk{kh* L;kr~A
Hkkf"kdfoLrkj%
mikftZroku~ & mi $ √ vt~Z $ rorq
nkif;rqe~ & √nk $ f.kp~ $ rqequ~
vnl~ (;g) iq¡fYyX loZuke 'kCnfoHkfDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~izFkek vlkS vew vehf}rh;k veqe~ vew vewu~r`rh;k vequk vewH;ke~ vehfHk%prqFkhZ veq"eS vewH;ke~ vehH;%iapeh veq"ekr~ vewH;ke~ vehH;%"k"Bh veq"; veq;ks% veh"kke~lIreh veqf"eu~ veq;ks% veh"kq
vèou~ (ekxZ) udkjkUr iq¡fYyÄõfoHkfDr% ,dopue~ f}opue~ cgqopue~izFkek vèok vèokukS vèoku%f}rh;k vèokue~ vèokukS vèou%r`rh;k vèouk vèoH;ke~ vèofHk%prqFkhZ vèous vèoH;ke~ vèoH;%iapeh vèou% vèoH;ke~ vèoH;%"k"Bh vèou% vèouks% vèouke~lIreh vèofu vèouks% vèolq
lEcks/u gs vèou~! gs vèokukS! gs vèou%!
lwDr;% 75
uoe% ikB%
lwDr;%
v;a ikB% ewyr% rfeyHkk"kk;k% ¶fr#éï°jy~ ukedxzUFkkr~ xghr% vfLrA v;a xzUFk%rfeyHkk"kk;k% osn% bfr dF;rsA vL; ç.ksrk fr#oYyqoj% orZrsA çFke'krkCnh vL; dky%LohÑr% vfLrA /ekZFkZ&dkeçfrikndks¿;a xzUFk%\ f=k"kq Hkkxs"kqfoHkDrk s¿fLrA fr#'kCn% Jhokpd% vfLr] vr%fr#éï°jy'kCnL; vfHkçk;ks Hkofr μ fJ;k ;qDrk ok.khAvfLeu~ xzUFks ekuokuka Ñrs thouksi;ksfx lR;a ljlcks/xE;i|S% çfrikfnre~ vfLrA
firk ;PNfr iq=kk; ckY;s fo|k/ua egr~Afirk¿L; foaQ riLrsis bR;qfDrLrRÑrKrkAA1AA
voØrk ;Fkk fpRrs rFkk okfp Hkosn~ ;fnArnsokgq% egkReku% leRofefr rF;r%AA2AA
R;DRok /eZiznka okpa ijQ"kka ;ks¿H;qnhj;sr~AifjR;T; iQya iDoa HkqÄ~Drs¿iDoa foew</h%AA3AA
fo}kal ,o yksds¿fLeu~ p{kq"eUr% izdhfrZrk%AvU;s"kk a onus ;s rq rs p{kqukZeuh ersAA4AA
;r~ izksDra ;su osQukfi rL; rÙokFkZfu.kZ;%AdrqZ a 'kD;ks Hkos|su l foosd brhfjr%AA5AA
okDiVq/S;Zoku~ eU=kh lHkk;keI;dkrj%Al osQukfi izdkjs.k ijSuZ ifjHkw;rsAA6AA
76 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
; bPNR;kReu% Js;% izHkwrkfu lq[kkfu pAu oqQ;kZnfgra deZ l ijsH;% dnkfi pAA7AA
vkpkj% izFkeks /eZ% bR;srn~ fonq"kka op%ArLekn~ j{ksr~ lnkpkja izk.ksH;ks¿fi fo'ks"kr%AA8AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
rsis & riL;ke~ vdjksr & mlus riL;k dh & Performed
penance
voØrk & u oØrk@½tqrk & ljyrk & Simplicity
okfp & ok.;ke~ & ok.kh esa & In the
speech
rF;r% & ;FkkFkZ:is.k & okLro esa & Actually
ijQ"kke~ & dBksjke~ & dBksj & Harsh
vH;qnhj;sr~ & onsr~ & cksyuk pkfg, & He/she may
say
foew</h% & ew[kZ%@cqfn~/ghu% & vKkuh@ukle> & A fool
okDiVq% & okfp@lEHkk"k.ks iVq% & lEHkk"k.k@okrkZyki esa prqj & Eloquent
p{kq"eUr% & us=koUr% & us=kksa ls ;qDr & Having eyes
onus & vkuus@eq[ks & eq[k ij & On the face
bZfjr% & dfFkr% & dgk x;k & Said
ifjHkw;rs & frjfLØ;rs@voekU;rs & viekfur fd;k tkrk gS & Gets
insulted
vdkrj% & ohj%@lkglh & fuHkhZd & Fearless
Js;% & dY;k.ke~ & dY;k.k & Wellness
lwDr;% 77
izHk`rkfu & vR;f/dkfu & vR;f/d & Many
fonq"kke~ & fon~on~tukuke~ & fo}kuksa dk & Of scholars
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mRrja fy[krμ
(d) firk iq=kk; ckY;s foaQ ;PNfr\
([k) foew</h% dhn`'kha okpa ifjR;tfr\
(x) vfLeu~ yksosQ osQ ,o p{kq"eUr% izdhfrZrk%\
(?k) izk.ksH;ks¿fi d% j{k.kh;%\
(Ä) vkReu% Js;% bPNu~ uj% dhn`'ka deZ u oqQ;kZr~\
(p) okfp foaQ Hkosr~\
2- LFkwyinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQjQrμ
;Fkk& foew</h% iDoa iQya ifjR;T; viDoa iQya HkqÄ~DrsA
d% iDoa iQya ifjR;T; viDoa iQya HkqÄ~DrsA
(d) lalkjs fo}kal% Kkup{kqfHk% us=koUr% dF;UrsA
([k) tuosQu lqrk; 'kS'kos fo|k/ua nh;rsA
(x) rÙokFkZL; fu.kZ;% foososQu drqZa 'kD;%A
(?k) /S;Zoku~ yksosQ ifjHkoa u izkIuksfrA
(Ä) vkRedY;k.ke~ bPNu~ uj% ijs"kke~ vfu"Va u oqQ;kZr~A
3- ikBkr~ fpRok v/ksfyf[krkuka 'yksdkuke~ vUo;e~ mfprinØes.k iwj;rμ
(d) firk &&&&&&&&&& ckY;s egr~ fo|k/ua ;PNfr] vL; firk foaQ ri% rsisbR;qfDr% &&&&&&&&&&A
([k) ;su &&&&&&&&&& ;r~ izksDra rL; rÙokFkZfu.kZ;% ;su drqZa &&&&&&&&&&Hkosr~] l% &&&&&&&&&& bfr &&&&&&&&&&A
78 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(x) ; vkReu% Js;% &&&&&&&&&& lq[kkfu p bPNfr] ijsH;% vfgra &&&&&&&&&&dnkfi p u &&&&&&&&&&A
4- v/ksfyf[kre~ mnkgj.k};a ifBRok vU;s"kka iz'ukuke~ mRrjkf.k fy[krμiz'uk% mRrjkf.k
d- 'yksd la[;k &3
;Fkk& lR;k e/qjk p ok.kh dk\ /eZiznk
(d) /eZiznka okpa d% R;tfr\ &&&&&&&&&&
([k) ew<% iqjQ"k% dka ok.kha onfr\ &&&&&&&&&&
(x) eUnefr% dhn`'ka iQya [kknfr\ &&&&&&&&&&
[k- 'yksd la[;k &7
;Fkk& cqf¼eku~ uj% fde~ bPNfr\ vkReu% Js;%
(d) fd;fUr lq[kkfu bPNfr\ &&&&&&&&&&
([k) l% dnkfi foaQ u oqQ;kZr~\ &&&&&&&&&&
(x) l% osQH;% vfgra u oqQ;kZr~\ &&&&&&&&&&
5- e×tw"kk;k% rn~HkkokRedlwDrh% fofpR; v/ksfyf[krdFkukuka le{ka fy[krμ
(d) fo|k/ua egr~
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
([k) vkpkj% izFkeks /eZ%
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
(x) fpRrs okfp p voØrk ,o leRoe~
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Ùkes
lwDr;% 79
6- (v) v/ksfyf[krkuka 'kCnkuka iqjr% mfpra foykse'kCna dks"Bdkr~ fpRok fy[krμ
'kCnk% foykse'kCn%
(d) iDo% &&&&&&&&&& (ifjiDo%] viDo%] DofFkr%)
([k) foew</h% &&&&&&&&&& (lq/h%] fuf/%] eUn/h%)
(x) dkrj% &&&&&&&&&& (vdjQ.k%] v/hj%] vdkrj%)
(?k) ÑrKrk &&&&&&&&&& (Ñi.krk] Ñr?urk] dkrjrk)(Ä) vkyL;e~ &&&&&&&&&& (mf}Xurk] foykflrk] m|ksx%)
(p) ijQ"kk &&&&&&&&&& (ikSjQ"kh] dkseyk] dBksjk)
(vk) v/ksfyf[krkuka 'kCnkuka =k;% lekukFkZdk% 'kCnk% e×tw"kk;k% fpRokfy[;Urke~μ
(d) izHkwre~ &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
([k) Js;% &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
(x) fpRre~ &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
(?k) lHkk &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
(Ä) p{kq"k~ &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
(p) eq[ke~ &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
vkpkjs.k rq la;qDr% lEiw.kZiQyHkkXHkosr~A
eufl ,oaQ opfl ,oaQ deZf.k ,oaQ egkReuke~A
fo|k/ua loZ/uiz/kue~A
la oks eukafl tkurke~A
fo|k/ua Js"Ba rUewyferj¼ue~A
vkpkjizHkoks /eZ% lUr'pkpkjy{k.kk%A
fp e~Ùke
80 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ykspue~ us=ke~ Hkwfj
'kqHke~ ifj"kn~ ekule~eu% lHkk u;ue~vkuue~ psr% foiqye~laln~ cgq oD=ke~onue~ f'koe~ dY;k.ke~
'kCn&e×tw"kk
7- v/Lrkn~ leklfoxzgk% nh;Urs rs"kka leLrinkfu ikBk/kjs.k nh;Urke~ μ
foxzg% leLrine~ lekluke
(d) rÙokFkZL; fu.kZ;% &&&&&&&&&&&& "k"Bh rRiqjQ"k%
([k) okfp iVq% &&&&&&&&&&&& lIreh rRiqjQ"k%
(x) /eZa iznnkfr bfr (rke~) &&&&&&&&&&&& miinrRiqjQ"k%
(?k) u dkrj% &&&&&&&&&&&& u×k~ rRiqjQ"k%(Ä) u fgre~ &&&&&&&&&&&& u×k~ rRiqjQ"k%
(p) egku~ vkRek ;s"kke~ &&&&&&&&&&&& cgqczhfg%
(N) foew<k /h% ;L; l% &&&&&&&&&&&& cgqczhfg%
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;gk¡ laxzghr 'yksd ewy:i ls rfey Hkk"kk esa jfpr ^frjQDoqQjy* uked xzUFk ls fy, x, gSaA
frjQDoqQjy lkfgR; dh mRÑ"V jpuk gSA bls rfey Hkk"kk dk ^osn* ekuk tkrk gSA blosQ iz.ksrk
frjQoYyqoj gSA budk dky izFke 'krkCnh ekuk x;k gSA blesa ekuotkfr osQ fy, thouksi;ksxh
lR; izfrikfnr gSA ^frjQ* 'kCn ^Jhokpd* gSA frjQDoqQjy 'kCn dk vfHkizk; gS&fJ;k ;qDr
ok.khA bls /eZ] vFkZ] dke rhu Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk x;k gSA izLrqr 'yksd ljl] ljy Hkk"kk;qDr
rFkk izsj.kkizn gSaA
lwDr;% 81
d- ^frjQDoqQjy~&lwfDrlkSjHke~* bfr ikBL; rfey ewyikB% (nsoukxjh&fyikS)
lksdksZV~Ve~ bYynq lsIiqe~ vks: ryS;k mGwdksV~Ve bUeS isfju~A
exu~ rUnSoDdkVqe mnzfo bou~ rUnS ,UuksVku~ dkSew ,uuqe lksDrA
bfu; mGokx bUukn owQjy~ dfu b:Iid~ dk;~ dojanVªA
d..kqMS;j~ ,Uioj~ dVªksj eqgfRrj.Mq iq..kqMS;j dYyknoj~A
,Iiks:y ;kj ;kj ok;~ osQVªfiuqe~ vIiks:y es;~ iks:y dk.infjoqA
lksyyoYyu~ lksjfoyu~ vUtku~ vouS bgyosYyy~ ;kjQDoqQe~ vfjrqA
uks; ,Yyke~ uks;~ ls;nkj esyoku~ uks;~ ls;;kj uks;~ bUeS os.MqHkoj~A
vks"kqDde~ fo"kq"ie~ rjyku~ vks"kqDde~ mf;fjuqe~ vksHHkIiMqe~A
[k- xzUFkifjp;%
frjQDoqQjy~ rfeyHkk"kk;ka jfprk rfeylkfgR;L; mRÑ"Vk Ñfr% vfLrA vL; iz.ksrk frjQoYyqoj%vfLrA xzUFkL; jpukdky% vfLr&bZLoh;kCnL; izFke'krkCnhA
vfLeu~ xzUFks ldyekuotkrs% Ñrs thouksi;ksfxlR;e~ izfrikfnre~A
frjQ 'kCn% ^Jh* okpd%A ^frjQDoqQjy~* inL; vfHkizk;% vfLRk fJ;k ;qDra oqQjy~ NUn%vFkok fJ;k ;qDrk ok.khA vfLeu~ xzUFks /eZ&vFkZ&dke&laKdk% =k;% Hkkxk% lfUrA =k;k.kka Hkkxkukai|la[;k 1330 vfLrA
x- Hkko&foLrkj%
lnkpkj% fo|k/ue~
foaQ oqQysu fo'kkysu 'khyesok=k dkj.ke~A fo|k/ue~ /ua Js"Ba rUewyferj¼ue~A
Ñe;% foaQ u tk;Urs oqQlqes"kq lqxfU/"kqAA nkusu o/Zrs fuR;a u Hkkjk; u uh;rsA
vkxekuka fg losZ"kkekpkj% Js"B mP;rsA ekrk 'k=kq% firk oSjh ;su ckyks u ikfBr%AvkpkjizHkoks /eksZ /ekZnk;qfoZo/ZrsAA u 'kksHkrs lHkkeè;s galeè;s cdks ;FkkAAe/qjk okd~ fo}kal%fiz;okD;iznkusu rq";fUr loZ tUro%A ukfLr ;L; Lo;a izKk 'kkL=ka rL; djksfr fde~ArLekr~ rnso oDrO;a opus dk nfjnzrkAA ykspukH;ka foghuL; niZ.k% foaQ dfj";frAok.kh jlorh ;L; ;L; Jeorh fØ;kA fo}Ùoa p u`iRoa p uSo rqY;a dnkpuAy{eh% nkuorh ;L; liQya rL; thfore~AA Lons'ks iwT;rs jktk fo}ku~ loZ=k iwT;rsA
82 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
n'ke% ikB%
HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% vLekoaQ okrkoj.ks lEHkkO;ekuçdksis"kq vU;reka HkwdEiL; foHkhf"kdka|ksr;frA çÑrkS tk;ekuk% vkin% Hk;kogçy;a leqRik| ekuothoua la=kkl;fUr] rkfHk%çkf.kuka lq[ke;a thoua nq%[ke;a l×tk;rsA ,rklq çeq[kk% lfUr μ >×>kokr%] HkwdEiue~]tyksiIyo%] vfrof‘%] vukof‘%] f'kykL[kyue~] Hkwfonkj.ke~] Tokykeq[kLiQksVkn;%A v=kikBs HkwdEifo"k;s fpUrua fofgra ;r~ vkiRdkys foiÂrka R;DRok lkglsu ;Rua oqQeZ% psr~nk#.kfoHkhf"kd;k lajf{krk Hkoke%A
,dksÙkjf}lgÏ∫h"VkCns (2001 bZLoh;s o"ksZ) x.krU=k&fnol&ioZf.k ;nk lexzefiHkkjrjk"Vªa uR;&xhrokfn=kk.kke~ mYykls eXueklhr~ rnkdLeknso xqtZj&jkT;a i;kZoqQya]foi;ZLre~] ØUnufodya foiUu×p tkre~A HkwdEiL; nk#.kfoHkhf"kdk leLrefixqtZj{ks=ka fo'ks"ks.k p dPNtuina èoalko'ks"ks"kq ifjofrZrorhA HkwdEiL; osQUnzHkwraHkqtuxja rq efÙkdkØhMudfeo [k.M[k.Me~ tkre~A cgqHkwfedkfu Hkoukfu {k.ksuSoèkjk'kk;hfu tkrkfuA mR[kkrk fo|qíhiLrEHkk%A fo'kh.kkZ% x`glksikuekxkZ%A iQky};s
HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 83
foHkDrk Hkwfe%A HkwfexHkkZnqifj fuLljUrhfHk% nqokZj&tyèkkjkfHk% egkIykoun`';e~
mifLFkre~A lgÏferk% izkf.kuLrq {k.ksuSo erk%A èoLrHkous"kq lEihfMrk lgÏ'kks¿U;slgk;rkFk± d#.kd#.ka ØUnfUr LeA gk nSo! {kqR{kked.Bk% e`rizk;k% osQpu
f'k'koLrq bZ'ojÑi;k ,o f}=kkf.k fnukfu thoua èkkfjroUr%A
b;eklhr~ HkSjofoHkhf"kdk dPN&HkwdEiL;A i×pksÙkj&f}lgÏ∫h"VkCns (2005bZLoh;s o"ksZ) vfi d'ehj&izkUrs ikfdLrku&ns'ks p èkjk;k% egRdEiua tkre~A
;LekRdkj.kkr~ y{kifjferk% tuk% vdkydkydofyrk%A i`Foh dLekRizdEirsoSKkfudk% bfr fo"k;s dFk;fUr ;r~ i`fFkO;k vUrxZHksZ fo|ekuk% c`gR;% ik"kk.k&
f'kyk% ;nk la?k"kZ.ko'kkr~ =kqV~;fUr rnk tk;rs Hkh"k.ka laL[kyue~] laL[kyutU;adEiu×pA rnSo Hk;kogdEiua èkjk;k% mifjryeI;kxR; egkdEiua tu;fr ;su
egkfouk'kn`';a leqRi|rsA
Tokykeq[kioZrkuka foLiQksVSjfi HkwdEiks tk;r bfr dFk;fUr HkwdEifo'ks"kKk%AifFkO;k% xHksZ fo|ekuks¿fXu;Znk [kfutefÙkdkf'kykfnl×p;a DoFk;fr rnk rRloZesoykokjlrke~ misR; nqokZjxR;k èkjka ioZra ok fonk;Z cfgfuZ"ØkefrA èkweHkLeko`ra
tk;rs rnk xxue~A lsfYl;'k&rki&ek=kk;k v"V'krkÄïrkeqixrks¿;a ykokjlks ;nkunhosxsu izogfr rnk ik'oZLFkxzkek uxjkf.k ok rnqnjs {k.ksuSo lekfo'kfUrA
fugU;Urs p foo'kk% izkf.ku%A TokykeqfnõjURk ,rs ioZrk vfi Hkh"k.ka HkwdEia
tu;fUrA
;|fi nSo% izdksiks HkwdEiks uke] rL;ksi'keuL; u dks¿fi fLFkjksik;ks n`';rsAizÑfrle{ke|kfi foKkuxfoZrks ekuo% okeudYi ,o rFkkfi HkwdEijgL;Kk%
dFk;fUr ;r~ cgqHkwfedHkoufuekZ.ka u dj.kh;e~A rVcUèka fuekZ; cgUek=ka unhtyefiuSdfLeu~ LFkys iq×thdj.kh;e~ vU;Fkk vlUrqyuo'kkn~ HkwdEiLlEHkofrA oLrqr%
'kkUrkfu ,o i×prÙokfu f{kfrtyikodlehjxxukfu HkwryL; ;ksx{ksekH;kadYiUrsA v'kkUrkfu [kyq rkU;so egkfouk'ke~ miLFkki;fUrA
84 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
i;kZoqQye~ μ ifjr% O;koqQye μ pkjksa vksj ls μ RestlesscspSu all over
foi;ZLre~ μ vLrO;Lre~ μ vLrO;Lr μ Disturbed
foiUue~ μ foifÙk;qDre~ μ (foifÙkxzLr) μ Troubled
eqlhcr esa
nk#.kfoHkhf"kdk μ Hk;Vj=kkl% μ vR;f/d Hk; μ Horrendous
èoalko'ks"kq μ uk'kksijkUre~ vof'k"Vs"kq μ fouk'k osQ ckn μ Debris aftercph gqbZ oLrq the destruction
e`fÙkdkØhMudfeoμ e`fÙkdk;k% ØhMude~ bo μ fe^h osQ f[kykSus μ Like a toyosQ leku made of mud
cgqHkwfedkfu μ cgo% Hkwfedk% ;s"kq μ cgqeaftys edku μ Multi storey
Hkoukfu buildings
mR[kkrk% μ mRikfVrk% μ m[kkM+s x;s μ Demolished
fo'kh.kkZ% μ fodh.kkZ% μ fc[kj x;s μ Scattered
iQky};s μ [k.M};s μ nks [k.Mksa esa μ In two
segments
fuLljUrhfHk% μ fuxZPNUrhfHk% μ fudyrh gqbZ μ Outcoming
nqokZj% μ nq%[ksu fuokjf;rqa ;ksX;% μ ftudks gVkuk μ Difficult todfBu gS get rid of
egkIykoue~ μ egr~ Iykoue~ μ fo'kky ck<+ μ Heavy flood
{kqR{kked.B% μ {kqèkk {kke% d.Bk% ;s"kke~ rs μ Hkw[k ls nqcZy μ Having dryd.B okys throats due
to hunger
HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 85
dkydofyrk% μ fnoÄõrk% μ e`R;q dks μ Dead
izkIr gq,
laL[kyue~ μ fopyue~ μ LFkku ls gVuk μ Distract
tu;fr μ mRiÛka djksfr μ mRiUu djrh gS μ Creates
HkwdEifo'ks"kKk% μ Hkqo% dEiujgL;L; Kkrkj% μ Hkwfe dEiu osQ μ Experts injgL; fo'ks"kK science of
earthquake
[kfute~ μ mR[kuukr~ izkIra nzO;e~ μ Hkwfe dks [kksnus μ Mineral
ls izkIr oLrq
DoFk;fr μ mÙkIra djksfr μ mckyrh gS] μ Decocts
rikrh gS
fonk;Z μ fonh.k± ÑRok] fHkRok μ iQkM+dj μ Tearing
ik'oZLFk&xzkek% μ fudVLFkk% xzkek% μ lehi osQ xk¡o μ Nearby
villages
mnjs μ oqQ{kkS μ isV esa μ In thestomach
lekfo'kfUr μ vUr% xPNfUr μ lek tkrh gSa μ Merge
mfnõjUr% μ izdV;Ur% μ izdV djrs gq, μ Emerging
mi'keuL; μ 'kkUrs% μ 'kkUr djus dk μ Of pacifying
okeudYi% μ okeuln`'k% μ ckSuk μ Dwarf
fuekZ; μ fuekZ.ka ÑRok μ cukdj μ Constructing
iq×thdj.kh;e~ μ laxzg.kh;e~ μ bd_k djuk pkfg, μ Should becollected
;ksx{ksekH;ke~ μ vizkIrL; izkfIr% ;ksx%] μ vizkIr dh izkfIr μ ProcurementizkIrL; j{k.ka {kse% rkH;ke~ ;ksx gS] izkIr dh and welfare
j{kk {kse gS& mu
nksuksa osQ fy,
86 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) dL; nkjQ.k&foHkhf"kdk xqtZj{ks=ka èoalko'ks"ks"kq ifjofrZrorh\
([k) dhn`'kkfu Hkoukfu /kjk'kk;hfu tkrkfu\
(x) nqokZj&ty/kjkfHk% fde~ mifLFkre~\
(?k) dL; mi'keuL; fLFkjksik;% ukfLr\
(Ä) dhn`'kk% izkf.ku% HkwdEisu fugU;Urs\
2- vèkksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLo`QrHkk"k;k fy[krμ(d) leLrjk"Vªa dhn`'ks mYykls eXue~ vklhr~\
([k) HkwdEiL; osQUnzfcUnq% d% tuin% vklhr~\
(x) i`fFkO;k% L[kyukr~ ¯d tk;rs\
(?k) lexza fo'oa oSQ% vkrfÄïr% n`';rs\
(Ä) osQ"kka foLiQksVSjfi HkwdEiks tk;rs\
3- LFkwyinkfu vkèk`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ(d) HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk fo'ks"ks.k dPNtuina èoalko'ks"ks"kq ifjofrZrorhA([k) oSKkfudk% dFk;fUr ;r~ i`fFkO;k% vUrxZHksZ] ik"kk.kf'kykuka la?k"kZ.ksu dEiua tk;rsA
(x) foo'kk% izkf.ku% vkdk'ks fiihfydk% bo fugU;UrsA
(?k) ,rkn'kh Hk;kog?kVuk x<oky{ks=ks ?kfVrkA(Ä) rfnnkuhe~ HkwdEidkj.k a fopkj.kh;a fr"BfrA
4- ^HkwdEifo"k;s* i×pokD;fere~ vuqPNsna fy[krA
5- dks"BosQ"kq nÙks"kq /krq"kq funsZ'kkuqlkja ifjorZua fo/k; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμ(d) lexza Hkkjre~ mYykls eXu% -------------------A (vl~ $ yV~ ydkjs)
([k) HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk dPNtuina fou"Va -------------------A (Ñ $ Drorq $ Ähi~)
(x) {k.ksuSo izkf.ku% x`gfoghuk% -------------------A (Hkw $ yÄ~] izFke&iq#"k% cgqopue~)
(?k) 'kkUrkfu i×prÙokfu HkwryL; ;ksx{ksekH;ka ------------------A (Hkw $ yV~] izFke&iq#"k%cgqopue~)
yÄ~
HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 87
(Ä) ekuok% ------------------- ;r~ cgqHkwfedHkoufuekZ.ka dj.kh;e~ u ok\ (izPN~ $ yV~]izFke&iq#"k% cgqopue~)
(p) unhosxsu xzkek% rnqnjs -------------------A (le~ $ vk $ fo'k~ $ fof/fyÄ~] izFkeiq#"k% cgqopue~)
6- lfUèka@lfUèkfoPNsna p oqQ#rμ
(v) ijlo.kZlfUèkfu;ekuqlkje~μ
(d) fd×p ¾ ---------------- $ p
([k) ---------------- ¾ uxje~ $ rq
(x) foiUu×p ¾ ---------------- $ ----------------
(?k) ------------------ ¾ fde~$ uq
(Ä) HkqtuxjUrq ¾ ---------------- $ ----------------
(p) ---------------- ¾ le~ $ p;%
(vk) folxZlfUèkfu;ekuqlkje~μ(d) f'k'koLrq ¾ ---------------- $ ----------------
([k) ---------------- ¾ foLiQksVS% $ vfi
(x) lgLkz'kks¿U;s ¾ ---------------- $ vU;s
(?k) fofp=kks¿;e~ ¾ fofp=k% $ ----------------
(Ä) ---------------- ¾ HkwdEi% $ tk;rs
(p) okeudYi ,o ¾ ---------------- $ ----------------
7- (v) ^d* LrEHks inkfu nÙkkfu ^[k* LrEHks foykseinkfu] r;ks% la;ksxa oqQ#rμ d [klEiUue~ izfo'kUrhfHk%
èoLrHkous"kq lqfpjs.kSo
fuLljUrhfHk% foiUue~
fuekZ; uofufeZrHkous"kq
{k.ksuSo fouk';
88 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
(vk) ^d* LrEHks inkfu nÙkkfu ^[k* LrEHks lekukFkZdinkfu r;ks% la;ksxa oqQ#rμ d [ki;kZoqQye~ u"Vk%
fo'kh.kkZ% Øksèk;qDrke~
mn~fxjUr% la=kksV~;
fonk;Z O;koqQye~
izoqQfirke~ izdV;Ur%
8- (v) mnkgj.keuql`R; izÑfr&izR;;;ks% foHkkxa oqQ#rμ;Fkk& ifjofrZrorh & ifj $ o`r~ $ Drorq $ Ähi~ (L=kh)
èk`roku~ & ----------------- $ -----------------
glu~ & ----------------- $ -----------------
fo'kh.kkZ & fo $ 'kÏ $ Dr $ ---------------
izpyUrh & ----------------- $ ----------------- $ 'kr` $ Ähi~ (L=kh)
gr% & ----------------- $ -----------------
(vk) ikBkr~ fofpR; leLrinkfu fy[krμegr~ p rr~ dEiue~ ¾ ----------------------------------
nk#.kk p lk foHkhf"kdk ¾ ----------------------------------
èoLrs"kq p rs"kq Hkous"kq ¾ ----------------------------------
izkDrus p rfLeu~ ;qxs ¾ ----------------------------------
egr~ p rr~ jk"Vªa rfLeu~ ¾ ----------------------------------
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
gekjs okrkoj.k esa HkkSfrd lq[k&lk/uksa osQ lkFk&lkFk vusd vkink,¡ Hkh yxh jgrh gSaA izkÑfrdvkink,¡ thou dks vLr&O;Lr dj nsrh gSaA dHkh fdlh egkekjh dh vkink] ck<+ rFkk lw[ks dhvkink ;k rwiQku osQ :i esa Hk;Vj izy;μ ;s lc ge vius thou esa ns[krs rFkk lqurs jgrsgSaA HkwoQEi Hkh ,slh gh vkink gS] ftl ij ;gk¡ n`f"Vikr fd;k x;k gSA bl ikB osQ ekè;e ls;g crk;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh vkink esa fcuk fdlh ?kcjkgV osQ] fgEer osQ lkFk fdl izdkjge viuh lqj{kk Lo;a dj ldrs gSaA
HkwdEifoHkhf"kdk 89
HkwdEi ifjp; μ Hkwfe dk dEiu HkwdEi dgykrk gSA og fcUnq HkwdEi dk mn~xe osQUnzdgk tkrk gS] ftl fcUnq ij dEiu dh mRifÙk gksrh gSA dEiu rjax osQ :i esa fofoèk fn'kkvksaesa vkxs pyrk gSA ;s rjaxas lHkh fn'kkvksa esa mlh izdkj iSQyrh gSa tSls fdlh 'kkUr rkykc esa iRFkjosQ VqdM+kas dks isaQdus ls rjaxsa mRiUu gksrh gSaA
èkjkry ij oqQN LFkku ,sls gSa tgk¡ HkwdEi izk;% vkrs gh jgrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ vuqlkj& iz'kkUregklkxj osQ pkjkas vksj osQ izns'k] fgekpy izns'k] xXk ,oa czãiq=k dk rVh; Hkkx] bu {ks=kksa esavusd HkwdEi vk, ftuesa ls oqQN rks vR;fèkd Hk;kog vkSj fouk'kdkjh FksA lqukeh Hkh ,d izdkjdk HkwdEiu gh gS ftlesa Hkwfe osQ Hkhrj vR;Ur xgjkbZ ls rhoz dEiu mRiUu gksrk gSA ;gh dEiuleqnz osQ ty dks dkiQh m¡QpkbZ rd rhozrk iznku djrk gSA iQyLo:i rVh; {ks=k lokZfèkdizHkkfor gksrs gSaA lqukeh dk Hkh"k.k izdksi 20 flrEcj 2004 dks gqvkA ftldh pisV esa Hkkjrh;izk;}hi lfgr vusd ns'k vk x;sA f{kfr] ty] ikod] xxu vkSj lehj bu i×prRoksa esa lUrqyucuk, j[kdj izkÑfrd vkinkvksa ls cpk tk ldrk gSA blosQ foijhr vlUrqfyr i×prRoksa lsl`f"V fou"V gks ldrh gS\
HkwdEifo"k;s izkphuere~izkphuS% ½f"kfHk% vfi LoLoxzUFks"kq HkwdEiksYys[k% Ñr% ;su Li"Va Hkofr ;r~ HkwdEik% izkphudkys¿fivk;kfUr LeA
;Fkk ojkglafgrk;ke~&
f{kfrdEiekgqjsosQ eáUrtZyfuokfllÙoÑre~
HkwHkkjf[kUufnXxtfu%'oklleqn~Hkoa pkU;sA
vfuyks¿fuysu fufgr% f{krkS iru~ lLoua djksR;U;sosQfpr~ Ron`"VdkfjrfeneU;s izkgqjkpk;kZ%AA
e;wjfp=ksdnkfpr~ HkwdEi% Js;ls¿fi dYirsA ,rkn`'kk% vfi mYys[kk% vLekoaQ lkfgR;s leqiYkH;Urs;Fkk ok#.ke.MyekS'kuls &
izrhP;ka ;fn dEisr ok#.ks lIrosQ x.ks]f}rh;;kes jk=kkS rq r`rh;s ok#.ka Le`re~ Av=k o`f"V'p egrh 'kL;o`f¼LrFkSo p]izKk èkeZjrk'pSo Hk;jksxfooftZrk% AA
mYdkHkwdEifnXnkglEHko% 'kL;o`¼;s A{ksekjksX;lqfHk{kkFkZa o`"V;s p lq[kk; p AA
HkwdEilek ,o vfXudEi%] ok;qdEi%] vEcqdEi% bR;soeU;s¿fi HkofUrA
90 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
,dkn'k% ikB%
izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~
çLrqrks¿;a ukVÔka'k% egkdfofo'kk[knÙkL; Ñfr% ¶eqækjk{kle~ bfr ukVdL; çFkekÄ~dkn~m¼rks¿fLrA ukVdL; vfLeu~ Hkkxs pUnunkl% LolqânFk± çk.kksRlx± drqZefi ç;rrsA v=kdFkkuosQ uUnoa'kL; fouk'kkuUrja rL; fgrSf"k.kka cU/uØes pk.kD;su pUnunkl% lEçkIr%Ac¼ks¿fi pUnunkl% vekR;knhuka fo"k;s u fdefi jgL;a çksDroku~A okrkZykiçlÄ~xsjktn.MHkhfr% leqRiknus¿fi l% xksI;jgL;e~ vuqn~?kkVÔ jktn.Ma LohÑR; lqâfn fu’kaçcks/;frA
pk.kD;% & oRl! ef.kdkjJsf"Bua pUnunklfenkuha æ"VqfePNkfeA
f'k";% & rFksfr (fu"ØE; pUnunklsu lg izfo';) br% br% Jsf"Bu~!(mHkkS ifjØker%)
f'k";% & (mil`R;) mikè;k;! v;a Js"Bh pUnunkl%A
pUnunkl% & t;Rok;Z%
pk.kD;% & Jsf"Bu~! Lokxra rsA vfi izph;Urs laO;ogkjk.kka of¼ykHkk%\
pUnunkl% & (vkRexre~) vR;knj% 'kVuh;%A (izdk'ke~) vFk fde~A vk;ZL;izlknsu v[kf.Mrk es of.kT;kA
pk.kD;% & Hkks Jsf"Bu~! izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% izfrfiz;fePNfUr jktku%A
pUnunkl% & vkKki;rq vk;Z%] ¯d fd;r~ p vLeTtukfn";rs bfrA
pk.kD;% & Hkks Jsf"Bu~! pUæxqIrjkT;fena u uUnjkT;e~A uUnL;So vFkZlEcUèk%izhfreqRikn;frA pUæxqIrL; rq HkorkeifjDys'k ,oA
pUnunkl% & (lg"kZe~) vk;Z! vuqxghrks¿fLeA
izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 91
pk.kD;% & Hkks Jsf"Bu~! l pkifjDys'k% dFkekfoHkZofr bfr uuq Hkorkiz"VO;k% Le%A
pUnunkl% & vkKki;rq vk;Z%A
pk.kD;% & jktfu vfo#¼ofÙkHkZoA
pUnunkl% & vk;Z! d% iquj/U;ks jkKks fo#¼ bfr vk;sZ.kkoxE;rs\
pk.kD;% & Hkokuso rkor~ izFkee~A
pUnunkl% & (d.kkSZ fi/k;) 'kkUra ikie~] 'kkUra ikie~A dhn'kLr.kkukefXuuklg fojks/%\
pk.kD;% & v;ehn'kks fojks/% ;r~ Roe|kfi jktkiF;dkfj.kks¿ekR;jk{klL;xgtua Loxgs j{kflA
pUnunkl% & vk;Z! vyhdesrr~A osQukI;uk;sZ.k vk;kZ; fuosfnre~A
pk.kD;% & Hkks Jsf"Bu~! vyek'kV;kA Hkhrk% iwoZjktiq#"kk% ikSjk.kkfePNrkefix`gs"kq x`gtua fuf{kI; ns'kkUrja oztfUrA rrLrRizPNknuanks"keqRikn;frA
pUnunkl% & ,oa uq bne~A rfLeu~ le;s vklhnLen~xgs vekR;jk{klL; xgtubfrA
pk.kD;% & iwoZe~ ^vure~*] bnkuhe~ ¶vklhr~ bfr ijLijfo#¼s opusA
pUnunkl% & vk;Z! rfLeu~ le;s vklhnLen~xgs vekR;jk{kLkL; xgtu bfrA
pk.kD;% & vFksnkuha DOk xr%\
pUnunkl% & u tkukfeA
pk.kD;% & dFka u Kk;rs uke\ Hkks Jsf"Bu~! f'kjfl Hk;e~] vfrnwjarRizfrdkj%A
pUnunkl% & vk;Z! ¯d es Hk;a n'kZ;fl\ lUrefi xsgs vekR;jk{klL; xgtuau leiZ;kfe] ¯d iqujLkUre~\
92 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
pk.kD;% & pUnunkl! ,"k ,o rs fu'p;%\
pUnunkl% & ck<e~] ,"k ,o es fu'p;%A
pk.kD;% & (Loxre~) lk/q! pUnunkl lk/qA
lqyHks"oFkZykHks"kq ijlaosnus tusA
d bna nq"dja oqQ;kZfnnkuha f'kfouk foukAA
'kCnkFkkZ%
ef.kdkjJsf"Bue~ & jRudkja of.kta & ef.k;ksa dk O;kikjh & Jeweller
fu"ØE; & cfgxZRok & fudydj & Exiling
mil`R; & lehia xRok & ikl tkdj & Going near
ifjØker% & ifjHkze.ka oqQjQr% & (nksuksa) ifjHkze.k & Both move in
djrs gSa circle
izph;Ur s & o` ¼ izkIuqofUr & c<+rs gSa & Increase
laO;ogkjk.kke~ & O;kikjk.kke~ & O;kikjkas dk & Of trades
vkRexre~ & Loxre~ & eu gh eu & To oneself
izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 93
'kVuh;% & lUnsgkLine~ & 'kadk djus ;ksX; & Doubtful
v[kf.Mrk & fuckZ/k & ck/kjfgr & Intact
of.kT;k & okf.kT;e~ & O;kikj & Trade
izhrkH;% & izlUukH;% & izlUu tuksa osQ izfr & To pleasing persons
izfrfiz;e ~ & izR;qidkje~ & midkj osQ cnys & Requital
fd;k x;k midkj
vifjDys'k% & nq%[kkHkko% & nq[k dk vHkko & Absence ofpain
vkKki;rq & vkfn'krq & vkns'k nsa & Should order
vFkZlEcU/% & /uL; lEcU/% & /u dk lEcU/ & MonetaryifjDys'k% & nq%[ke~ & nq%[k & Sadiz"VO;k% & iz"Vqa ;ksX;k% & iwNus ;ksX; & Worth askingvoxE;r s & Kk;rs & tkuk tkrk gS & Is knownvfo#¼o`fÙk% & vfo#¼LoHkko% & fojks/jfgr LoHkko & Unopposing
okyk behaviourfi/k; & vkPNk| & cUn djosQ & ClosingjktkiF;dkfj.k% & u`ikidkjdkfj.k% & jktkvksa dk vfgr & Harmful for
djus okys kingsvyhde~ & vlR;e~ & >wB & Falsevuk;sZ.k & nq"Vsu & nq"V osQ }kjk & By an uncivilized
personikSjk.kke~ & uxjokfluke~ & uxj osQ yksxkas osQ & Of city dwellersfuf{kI; & LFkkif;Rok & j[kdj & KeepingoztfUr & xPNfUr & tkrs gSa & GoizPNknue~ & vkPNknue~ & fNikuk & HidingvekR;% & eU=kh & eU=kh & MinistervlUre ~ & u fuolUre~ & u jgus okys & Of absentck<e~ & vke~ & gk¡ & Yeslaosnus & leiZ.ks Ñrs lfr & leiZ.k ij & On surrendering
tus & tuL; fo"k;s & O;fDr dks ysdj & Regarding a person
94 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
vafre 'yksd dk vUo; rFkk Hkkokfn
vUo;% ijL; laosnus vFkZykHks"kq lqyHks"kq bna nq"dja deZ tus (yksosQ) f'kfouk fouk d%oqQ;kZr~A
Hkko% ijL; ijdh;L; vFkZL; laosnus leiZ.ks Ñrs lfr vFkZykHks"kq lqyHks"kq lRlq LokFk±r`.khÑR; ijlaj{k.k:iesoa nq"dja deZ tus (yksosQ) ,osQu f'kfouk fouk RonU;%d% oqQ;kZr~A f'kfojfi Ñrs ;qxs Ñroku~ Roa rq bnkuha dykS ;qxs djksf"k bfrrrks¿I;fr'kf;r&lqpfjrRofefr Hkko%A
vFkZμ nwljksa dh oLrq dks lefiZr djus ij cgqr /u izkIr gksus dh fLFkfr esa Hkh nwljksadh oLrq dh lqj{kk :ih dfBu dk;Z dks ,d f'kfo dks NksM+dj rqEgkjs vykoknwljk dkSu dj ldrk gS\
vk'k;μ bl 'yksd osQ }kjk egkdfo fo'kk[knÙk us cM+s gh laf{kIr 'kCnksa esa pUnunkl osQxq.kksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA blesa dfo us dgk gS fd nwljksa dh oLrq dh j{kk djuhdfBu gksrh gSA ;gk¡ pUnunkl osQ }kjk vekR; jk{kl osQ ifjokj dh j{kk dkdfBu dke fd;k x;k gSA U;klj{k.k dks egkdfo Hkkl us Hkh nq"dj dk;Z ekursgq, LoIuoklonÙke~ esa dgk gSμ nq"dja U;klj{k.ke~A
pUnunkl vxj vekR; jk{kl osQ ifjokj dks jktk dks lefiZr dj nsrk] rks jktkmlls izlUu Hkh gksrk vkSj cgqr&lk /u ikfjrksf"kd osQ :i esa nsrk] ij mlusHkkSfrd ykHk o yksHk dks njfdukj djrs gq, vius izk.kfiz; fe=k osQ ifjokj dhj{kk dks viuk dÙkZO; ekuk vkSj bls fuHkk;k HkhA dfo us pUnunkl osQ bl dk;Zdh rqyuk jktk f'kfo osQ dk;ks± ls dh gS] ftUgksaus vius 'kj.kkxr diksr dh j{kkosQ fy, vius 'kjhj osQ vaxksa dks dkVdj ns fn;k FkkA jktk f'kfo us rks lr;qxesa ,slk fd;k Fkk] ij pUnunkl us ,slk dk;Z bl dfy;qx esa fd;k gS] blfy,os vkSj vf/d iz'kalk osQ ik=k gaSA
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) d% pUnunkla nz"Vqe~ bPNfr\
([k) pUnunklL; of.kT;k dhn`'kh vklhr~\
(x) foaQ nks"ke~ mRikn;fr\
izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 95
(?k) pk.kD;% oaQ nz"Vqe~ bPNfr\
(Ä) d% 'kÄ~duh;% Hkofr\
2- v/ksfyf[kriz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ(d) pUnunkl% dL; x`gtua Lox`gs j{kfr Le\([k) r`.kkuka osQu lg fojks/% vfLr\(x) ikBs¿fLeu~ pUnunklL; rqyuk osQu lg Ñrk\(?k) izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% izfrfiz;a osQ bPNfUr\(Ä) dL; izlknsu pUnunklL; of.kT;k v[kf.Mrk\
3- LFkwyk{kjinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQ#rμ(d) f'kfouk fouk bna nq"dja dk;± d% oqQ;kZr~A([k) izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqâr~A(x) vk;ZL; izlknsu es of.kT;k v[kf.MrkA(?k) izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% jktku% izfrfiz;fePNfUrA(Ä) r`.kkuke~ vfXuuk lg fojks/ks HkofrA
4- ;FkkfunsZ'keqÙkjrμ(d) ^v[kf.Mrk es of.kT;k*& vfLeu~ okD;s fØ;kina fde~\([k) iwoZe~ ^vu`re~* bnkuhe~ vklhr~ bfr ijLijfojQ¼s opus& vLekr~ okD;kr~ ^v/quk*
bfr inL; lekukFkZdina fpRok fy[krA(x) ^vk;Z! foaQ es Hk;a n'kZ;fl* v=k ^vk;Z* bfr lEcks/uina dLeS iz;qDre~\(?k) ^izhrkH;% izÑfrH;% izfrfiz;fePNfUr jktku%* vfLeu~ okD;s drZina fde~\
(Ä) rfLeu~ le;s vklhnLen~x`gs* vfLeu~ okD;s fo'ks";ina fde~\
5- funsZ'kkuqlkja lfU/a@lfU/foPNsna oqQjQrμ
(d) ;Fkkμ d% $ vfi & dks¿fi
izk.ksH;% $ vfi & ------------
------------ $ vfLe & lTtks¿fLeA
vkReu% $ ------------ & vkReuks¿f/dkjln`'ke~
([k) ;Fkkμ lr~ $ fpr~ & lfPpr~
'kjr~ $ pUæ% & ------------
dnkfpr~ $ p & ------------
96 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
6- dks"BosQ"kq nÙk;ks% in;ks% 'kq¼a fodYia fofpR; fjDrLFkkukfu iwj;rμ(d) ----------------- fouk bna nq"dja d% oqQ;kZr~A (pUnunklL;@pUnunklsu)
([k) ----------------- bna o`ÙkkUra fuosn;kfeA (xqjos@xqjks%)
(x) vk;ZL; ----------------- v[kf.Mrk es of.kT;kA (izlknkr~@izlknsu)
(?k) vye~ ----------------- A (dygsu@dygkr~)
(Ä) ohj% ----------------- ckya j{kfrA (¯lgsu@¯lgkr~)
(p) ----------------- Hkhr% ee Hkzkrk lksikukr~ virr~A (oqQDoqQjs.k@oqQDoqQjkr~)
(N) Nk=k% ----------------- iz'ua i`PNfrA (vkpk;Ze~@vkpk;sZ.k)
7- v/ksnÙke×tw"kkr% leqfprfoykseinkfu x`ghRok fy[krμvlR;e~ i'pkr~ xq.k% vknj% rnkuhe~ r=k
(d) vuknj% ------------------------([k) nks"k% ------------------------(x) iwoZe~ ------------------------(?k) lR;e~ ------------------------(Ä) bnkuhe~ ------------------------(p) v=k ------------------------
8- mnkgj.keuql`R; v/ksfyf[krkfu inkfu iz;qT; i×pokD;kfu jp;rμ;Fkk fu"ØE;& f'kf{kdk iqLrdky;kr~ fu"ØE; d{kka izfo'kfrA(d) mil`R; ------------------------([k) izfo'; ------------------------(x) æ"Vqe~ ------------------------(?k) bnkuhe~ ------------------------(Ä) v=k ------------------------
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
;g ukV~;ka'k egkdfo fo'kk[knÙk }kjk jfpr ^eqækjk{kle~* uked ukVd osQ izFke vV lsmn~/`r fd;k x;k gSA uUnoa'k dk fouk'k djus osQ ckn mlosQ fgrSf"k;ksa dks [kkst&[kkstdjidM+okus osQ Øe esa pk.kD;] vekR; jk{kl ,oa mlosQ dqVqfEc;ksa dh tkudkjh izkIr djusosQ fy, pUnunkl ls okrkZyki djrk gS] fdUrq pk.kD; dks vekR; jk{kl osQ fo"k; esa dksbZ
izk.ksH;ks¿fi fiz;% lqân~ 97
lqjkx u nsrk gqvk pUnunkl viuh fe=krk ij n`<+ jgrk gSA mlosQ eS=kh Hkko ls izlUu gksrkgqvk Hkh pk.kD; tc mls jktn.M dk Hk; fn[kkrk gS] rc pUnunkl jktn.M Hkksxus osQfy;s Hkh lg"kZ izLrqr gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj vius lqân~ osQ fy, izk.kksa dk Hkh mRlxZ djusosQ fy;s rRij pUnunkl viuh lqân~&fu"Bk dk ,d ToyUr mnkgj.k izLrqr djrk gSAdfoifjp;%^eqækjk{kle~* bfr ukVdL; iz.ksrk fo'kk[knÙk% vklhr~A l% jktoa'ks mRiUu% vklhr~A rL; firkHkkLdjnÙk% egkjktL; inoha izkIuksr~A fo'kk[knÙk% jktuhrs% U;k;L; T;ksfr"kfo"k;L; p fo}ku~vklhr~A oSfnd/ekZoyEch HkwRok¿fi l% ckS¼/eZL; vfi vknjedjksr~A
xzUFkifjp;%^eqækjk{kle~* ,de~ ,sfrgkflda ukVde~ vfLrA n'kkîs ï-"kq fojfprs vfLeÂkVosQ pk.kD;L;jktuhfrddkS'kyL; cqf¼oSHkoL; jk"Vªl×pkyukFkZe~ dwVuhrhuke~ fun'kZuefLrA vfLeÂkVosQpk.kD;L;kekR;jk{klL; p dwVuhR;ks% la?k"kZ%A
HkkofoLrkj%
pk.kD;& pk.kD;% ,d% fo}ku~ czkã.k% vklhr~A rL; fir`iznÙka uke fo".kqxqIr% vklhr~Av;eso ^dkSfVY;* bfr ukEuk izfl¼%A osQ"kkf×pr~ fonq"kke~ bnefi erefLr ;r~ jktuhfr'kkL=ksoqQfVyuhrs% izfr"Bkiuk; rL;k% Lo&thous mi;ksxk; p v;a ^dkSfVY;%* bR;fi dF;rsA
p.kdukedL; dL;fpr~ vkpk;ZL; iq=kRokr~ ^pk.kD;%* bfr ukEuk l izfl¼% tkr%AuUnkuka jkT;dky% 'kro"kkZf.k i;ZUre~ vklhr~A rs"kq vfUres"kq }kn'ko"ksZ"kq ,rsu lqekY;knhuke~v"VuUnkuka lagkj% dkfjr% rFkk p pUæxqIrekS;Z% u`iRosu jkt¯lgklus LFkkfir%A v;esd%egku~ jktuhfrK% vklhr~A ,rsu Hkkjrh;'kkluO;oLFkk;k% izkekf.kdrÙokuka o.kZusu ;qDra¶vFkZ'kkL=ke~ bfr vfregÙoiw.kZ% xzUFk% jfpr%A
pUæxqIrekS;Z%& pUæxqIr% egkin~euUnL; eqjk;k% p iq=k% vklhr~A pk.kD;L; ekxZn'kZusvusu prqfo±'kfro"kZi;ZUra jkT;a Ñre~A
jk{kl%& uUnjkK% LokfeHkDr% prqj% iz/kukekR;% vklhr~A
pUnunkl%& dqlqeiqjukfEu uxjs egkekR;L; jk{klL; fiz;rea ik=ka fe=k×p vklhr~A lef.kdkj% Js"Bh p vklhr~A vL;So x`gkr~ jk{kl% lifjokj% uxjkr~ cfgjxPNr~A
Hkkf"kdfoLrkj%
1- i`Fko~Q vkSj fouk 'kCnksa osQ ;ksx esa f}rh;k r`rh;k vkSj iapeh rhuksa foHkfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx&;Fkk& tya fouk thoua u lEHkofrA f}rh;k
tysu fouk thoua u lEHkofrA r`rh;ktykr~ fouk thoua u lEHkofrA iapeh
98 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ifjJea i`Fko~Q ukfLr lq[ke~A f}rh;k
ifjJes.k i`Fko~Q ukfLr lq[ke~A r`rh;k
ifjJekr~ i`Fko~Q ukfLr lq[ke~A iapeh
2- vuh;j~ izR;;iz;ksx%
vR;knj% 'kVuh;%
tUrq'kkyk n'kZuh;k
;kposQH;% nkua nkuh;e~
osneU=kk% Lej.kh;k%
iqLrdesykiosQ iqLrdkfu Ø;.kh;kfuA
(d) vuh;j~ izR;;L; iz;ksx% ;ksX;kFksZ HkofrA
([k) vuh;j~ izR;;s ^vuh;* bfr vof'k";rsA
(x) vL; :ikf.k f=k"kq fyX s"kq pyfUrA
;Fkk & iq¡fYyXs L=khfyXs uiaqldfyXs
iBuh;% iBuh;k iBuh;e~
buosQ :i Øe'k% nsoor~] yrkor~ rFkk iQyor~ pysxsaA
3- mHk loZukeine~ (loZnk f}opue~)
iq¡fYyXs uiqaldfyXs@L=khfyÄõs
mHkkS mHks
mHkkS mHks
mHkkH;ke~ mHkkH;ke~
mHkkH;ke~ mHkkH;ke~
mHkkH;ke~ mHkkH;ke~
mHk;ks% mHk;ks%
mHk;ks% mHk;ks%
vU;ksDr;% 99
}kn'k% ikB%
vU;ksDr;%
çLrqrks¿;a ikB% vU;ksfDrfo"k;s orZrsA vU;ksfDr% uke vçR;{k:is.k O;ktsu ok dL;kfinks"kL; fuUnk;k% dFkue~] xq.kL; ç'kalk okA lÄ~osQrekè;esu O;T;ekuk% ç'kalkn;% >fVfrfpj×Ó cq¼kS vofr’fUrA v=kkfi lIrkuke~ vU;ksDrhuka lÄ~xzgks orZrsA ;kfHk%jktgal&dksfdy&es?k&ekykdkj&rMkx&ljksoj&pkrdknhuka ekè;esu lRdeZ çfr xeuk;çsj.kk çkI;rsA
,osQu jktgalsu ;k 'kksHkk ljlks Hkosr~ Au lk cdlgÏs.k ifjrLrhjokfluk AA1AA
HkqDrk e`.kkyiVyh Hkork fuihrk&U;Ecwfu ;=k ufyukfu fu"ksforkfu A
js jktgal! on rL; ljksojL;]ÑR;su osQu Hkforkfl Ñrksidkj% AA 2AA
rks;SjYiSjfi d#.k;k HkheHkkukS funk?ks]ekykdkj! O;jfp Hkork ;k rjksjL; iqf"V% A
lk fda 'kD;k tuf;rqfeg izko`"ks.;su okjka]/kjklkjkufi fofdjrk fo'orks okfjnsu AA3AA
vkisfnjs¿EcjiFka ifjr% irXk%]Hk`Xk jlkyeqoqQykfu lekJ;Urs A
lVkspe×pfr ljLRof; nhunhuks]ehuks uq gUr dreka xfreH;qiSrq AA 4AA
100 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
,d ,o [kxks ekuh ous olfr pkrd% Afiikflrks ok fez;rs ;kprs ok iqjUnje~ AA5AA
vk'okL; ioZroqQya riuks".krIr&eqíkenkofo/qjkf.k p dkuukfu A
ukukunhun'krkfu p iwjf;Rok]fjDrks¿fl ;Ttyn! lSo roksÙkek Jh% AA6AA
js js pkrd! lko/kueulk fe=k! {k.ka Jw;rk&eEHkksnk cgoks fg lfUr xxus losZ¿fi uSrkn`'kk% A
osQfpn~ o`f"VfHkjknzZ;fUr olq/ka xtZfUr osQfpn~ o`Fkk];a ;a i';fl rL; rL; iqjrks ek czwfg nhua op% AA7AA
'kCnkFkkZ%
ljl% & rMkxL; & rkykc dk & Of a lake
cdlglzs.k & cdkuka lglzs.k & gtkjksa cxqyksa ls & By thousand ofherons
ifjr% & loZr% & pkjksa vksj & All around
rhjokfluk & rVfuokfluk & rVoklh osQ }kjk & By resident ofthe shore
e`.kkyiVyh & deyukylewg% & deyukyksa dk lewg & Bunch of lotusstems
fuihrkfu & fu%'ks"ks.k ihrkfu & HkyhHkk¡fr ik;s x;s & Well drunk
vEcwfu & tykfu & ty & Waters
ufyukfu & deykfu & deyksa dks & The lotuses
fu"ksforkfu & lsforkfu & lsou fd;s x;s & Used
Hkfork & Hkfo";fr & gksxk & You will become
vU;ksDr;% 101
ÑR;su & dk;sZ.k & dk;Z ls & By an act
Ñrksidkj% & Ñr% midkj% ;su l% & midkj fd;k gqvk & Requital
(izR;qidkj djus okyk) performer
rks;S% & tyS% & ty ls & By waters
HkheHkkukS & Hkhe% Hkkuq% ;fLeu~ & izp.M lw;Z gksus ij & Under
l% HkheHkkuq% rfLeu~ (lw;Z osQ vR;fèkd sweltering sunrius ij)
funk?ks & xzh"edkys & xzh"edky esa & Summer season
ekykdkj & gs ekykdkj! & gs ekyh! & Oh! gardener
iqf"V% & iq"Vrk] o`f¼% & iks"k.k & Diet
tuf;rqe~ & mRiknf;rqe~ & mRiUUk djus osQ fy, & To create
izko`"ks.;su & o"kkZdkfyosQu & o"kkZdkfyd osQ }kjk & By rainy season
okfjnsu & tynsu & ckny osQ }kjk & By cloud
/kjklkjku~ & /kjk.kke~ vklkjku~ & /kjkvksa dk izokg & Flow of torrentwater
okjke~ & tykuke~ & tyksa osQ & Of waters
fofdjrk & (tya)o"kZ;rk & (ty) cjlkrs gq, & Raining
vkisfnjs & izkIroUr% & izkIr dj fy, & Reached
vEcjiFke~ & vkdk'kekxZe~ & vkdk'k&ekxZ dks & Sky root
irÄõk% & [kxk% & i{kh & Birds
Hk`Äõk% & Hkzejk% & HkkSajs] Hk¡ojs & Drones
jlkyeqoqQykfu & jlkykuka eqoqQykfu & vke dh e×tfj;ksa dks & Blossom ofmango tree
lÄïkspe~ v×pfr& lVkspa xPNfr & laoqQfpr gksus ij & On reduction
ehu% & eRL;% & eNyh & Fish
iqjUnje~ & bUnze~ & bUnz dks & The king of Gods
102 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ekuh & LokfHkekuh & LokfHkekuh & Self respectful
vH;qiSrq & izkIuksrq & izkIr djsa & Shall get
vk'okL; & vk'oklua iznk; & r`Ir djosQ & Satisfying
ioZroqQye~ & ioZrkuka oqQye~ & ioZrksa osQ lewg dks & The group ofmountains
riuks".krIre~ & riuL; m".ksu rIre~] & lw;Z dh xehZ ls ris & Heated by Sun
gq, dks
míkenkofo/qjkf.k& mUurdk"Bjfgrkfu & m¡Qps dk"Bksa (o`{kksa) & Lacking highls jfgr dks trees
ukukunhun'krkfu& fofo/kuka unhuka] & vusd ufn;ksa vkSj lSoQM+ksa& Hundreds ofunkuka 'krkfu p unksa dks small and big
riversdkuukfu & oukfu & ou & Forests
iwjf;Rok & iw.k± ÑRok & iw.kZ djosQ (Hkjdj) & Filling
fiikflr% & r`f"kr% & I;klk & Thirsty
lko/kueulk & è;kusu & è;ku ls & Carefully
vEHkksnk% & es?kk% & ckny & Clouds
xxus & vkdk'ks & vkdk'k esa & In the sky
vknzZ;fUr & tysu Dysn;fUr & ty ls fHkxks nsrs gSa & Wet with water
olq/ke~ & i`Fohe~ & i`Foh dks & The earth
xtZfUr & xtZua (èofue~) oqQoZfUr & xtZuk djrs gSa & Thunder
iqjr% & vxzs & vkxs] lkeus & In front
lokZlke~ vU;ksDrhuke~ vUo;k%μ
1- ,osQu jktgalsu ljl% ;k 'kksHkk Hkosr~] ifjr% rhjokfluk cdlglzs.k lk ('kksHkk) u
(Hkofr)AA
2- ;=k Hkork e`.kkyiVyh HkqDrk] vEcwfu fuihrkfu ufyukfu fu"ksforkfu] js jktgal! rL;
ljksojL; osQu ÑR;su Ñrksidkj% Hkfork vfl] onAA
vU;ksDr;% 103
3- gs ekykdkj! HkheHkkukS funk?ks vYiS% rks;S% vfi Hkork d#.k;k vL; rjks% ;k iqf"V%
O;jfpA okjke~ izko`"ks.;su fo'or% /kjklkjku~ vfi fofdjrk okfjnsu bg tuf;rqe~ lk
(iqf"V%) fde~ 'kD;kAA
4- irXk% ifjr% vEcjiFke~ vkisfnjs] Hk`Xk% jlkyeqoqQykfu lekJ;UrsA lj% Rof; lVkspe~
v×pfr] gUr nhunhu% ehu% uq dreka xfre~ vH;qiSrqAA
5- ,d ,o ekuh [kx% pkrd% ous olfr] ok fiikflr% fez;rs iqjUnje~ ;kprs okAA
6- riuks".krIre~ ioZroqQye~ vk'okL; míkenkofo/qjkf.k dkuukfu p (vk'okL;) ukukunhun'krkfu
iwjf;Rok p gs tyn! ;r~ fjDr% vfl ro lk ,o mÙkek Jh%AA
7- js js fe=k pkrd! lko/kueulk {k.ka Jw;rke~] xxus fg cgo% vEHkksnk% lfUr] losZ vfi,rkn`'kk% u (lfUr)] osQfpr~ /fj.kha o`f"VfHk% vkæZ;fUr] osQfpn~ o`Fkk xtZfUr] (Roe~) ;a;a i';fl rL; rL; iqjr% nhua op% ek czwfgAA
vH;kl%
1- ,dinsu mÙkja fy[krμ
(d) dL; 'kksHkk ,osQu jktgalsu Hkofr\
([k) ljl% rhjs osQ olfUr\
(x) d% fiikflr% fez;rs\
(?k) osQ jlkyeqoqQykfu lekJ;Urs\
(Ä) vEHkksnk% oqQ=k lfURk\
2- v/ksfyf[krkuka iz'ukuke~ mÙkjkf.k laLÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(d) ljl% 'kksHkk osQu Hkofr\
([k) pkrd% fdeFkZa ekuh dF;rs\
(x) ehu% dnk nhuka xfra izkIuksfr\
(?k) dkfu iwjf;Rok tyn% fjDr% Hkofr\
(Ä) o`f"VfHk% olq/ka osQ vknzZ;fUr\
104 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
3- v/ksfyf[krokD;s"kq js[kkfÄïrinkfu vk/`R; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQjQrμ
(d) ekykdkj% rks;S% rjks% iqf"Va djksfrA
([k) HkÄõk% jlkyeqoqQykfu lekJ;UrsA
(x) irÄõk% vEcjiFke~ vkisfnjsA
(?k) tyn% ukukunhun'krkfu iwjf;Rok fjDrks¿fLrA
(Ä) pkrd% ous olfrA
4- v/ksfyf[kr;ks% 'yksd;ks% HkkokFk± LohÑrHkk"k;k fy[krμ
(v) rks;SjYiSjfi ---------------------------------------------- okfjnsuA
(vk)js js pkrd ---------------------------------------------- nhua op%A
5- v/ksfyf[kr;ks% 'yksd;ks% vUo;a fy[krμ
(v) vkisfnjs ----------------------- dreka xfreH;qiSfrA
(vk)vk'okL; ----------------------- lSo roksRrek Jh%AA
6- mnkgj.keuql`R; lfU/a@lfU/foPNsna ok oqQ#rμ
(i) ;Fkk& vU;$ mDr;% ¾ vU;ksDr;%
(d) ----------------- $ ----------------- ¾ fuihrkU;Ecwfu
([k) ----------------- $ midkj% ¾ o`Qrksidkj%
(x) riu $ ----------------- ¾ riuks".krIre~
(?k) ro $ mÙkek ¾ -----------------
(Ä) u $ ,rkn`'kk% ¾ -----------------
(ii) ;Fkk& fiikflr% $ vfi ¾ fiikflrks¿fi
(d) ----------------- $ ----------------- ¾ dks¿fi
([k) ----------------- $ ----------------- ¾ fjDrks¿fl
(x) ehu% $ v;e~ ¾ -----------------
(?k) losZ $ vfi & ------------------
vU;ksDr;% 105
(iii) ;Fkk& ljl% $ Hkosr~ ¾ ljlks Hkosr~
(d) [kx% $ ekuh ¾ -----------------
([k) ----------------- $ uq ¾ ehuks uq
(x) fiikflr% $ ok ¾ -----------------
(?k) ----------------- $ ----------------- ¾ iqjrks ek
(iv) ;Fkk & eqfu% $ vfi ¾ eqfujfi
(d) rks;S% $ vYiS% ¾ --------------------
([k) -------------------- $ vfi ¾ vYiSjfi
(x) rjks% $ vfi ¾ --------------------(?k) ----------------- $ vknZz;fUr ¾ o`f"VfHkjknzZ;fUr
7- mnkgj.keuql`R; v/ksfyf[krS% foxzginS% leLrinkfu jp;rμ
foxzginkfu leLr inkfu
;Fkk & ihra p rr~ iVte~ ¾ ihriVte~
(d) jktk p vlkS gal% ¾ ------------------------------------
([k) Hkhe% p vlkS Hkkuq% ¾ ------------------------------------
(x) vEcje~ ,o iUFkk% ¾ ------------------------------------
(?k) mÙkek p b;e~ Jh% ¾ ------------------------------------
(Ä) lko/kua p rr~ eu%] rsu ¾ ------------------------------------
;ksX;rkfoLrkj%
vU;ksfDr vFkkZr~ fdlh dh iz'kalk vFkok fuUnk vizR;{k :i ls vFkok fdlh cgkus ls djukA tcfdlh izrhd ;k ekè;e ls fdlh osQ xq.k dh iz'kalk ;k nks"k dh fuUnk dh tkrh gS] rc og ikBdksaosQ fy, vf/d xzká gksrh gSA izLrqr ikB esa ,slh gh lkr vU;ksfDr;ksa dk lVyu gS ftuesa jktgal]dksfdy] es?k] ekykdkj] ljksoj rFkk pkrd osQ ekè;e ls ekuo dks ln~ofÙk;ksa ,oa lRdeksaZ a osQ izfr
izoÙk gksus dk lans'k fn;k x;k gSA
106 'kseq"kh& f}rh;ks Hkkx%
ikBifjp;%
vU;s"kka Ñrs ;k mDr;% dF;Urs rk mDr;% vU;ksDr;% v=k ikBs lVfyrk orZUrsA vfLeu~ikBs "k"B'yksde~ lIre'yksde~ p vfrfjP; ;s 'yksdk% lfUr rs if.MrjkttxUukFkL;^Hkkfeuhfoykl* bfr xhfrdkO;kr~ lVfyrk% lfUrA "k"B% 'yksd% egkdfo ek?kL; ^f'k'kqikyoèke~*bfr egkdkO;kr~ x`ghr% vfLrA lIre% 'yksd% egkdfoHkrZgjs% uhfr'krdkr~ mn~/`r% vfLrA
dfoifjp;%
if.MrjkttxUukFk% laLÑrlkfgR;L; ew/ZU;% ljl'p dfo% vklhr~A l% 'kkgtgk¡ ukeosQueqx+y'kklosQu LojktlHkk;ka lEekfur%A if.MrjkttxUukFkL; =k;ksn'k Ñr;% izkI;UrsA (1) xXkygjh(2) ve`rygjh (3) lq/kygjh (4) y{ehygjh (5) d#.kkygjh (6) vkli+Qfoykl% (7)izk.kkHkj.ke~ (8) txnkHkj.ke~ (9) ;equko.kZue~ (10) jlxXk/j% (11) Hkkfeuhfoykl% (12)euksjekoqQpenZue~ (13) fp=kehekalk[k.Mue~A ,rs"kq xzUFks"kq ^Hkkfeuhfoykl%* bfr rL; fofo&i|kukalXzg%A
egkdfoek?k%& egkdfoek?kL; ,deso egkdkO;a izkI;rs ¶f'k'kqikyo/e~ bfrA
HkrZgfj%& egkdfoHkrZgjs% =khf.k 'krdkfu lfUr] ÜkXkj'krde~] uhfr'krde~] oSjkX;'krda pA
v/ksnÙkk% fofo/fo"k;dk% 'yksdk% vfi iBuh;k% Lej.kh;k'pμ
gal% & gal% 'osr% cd% 'osr% dks Hksnks cdgal;ks% A
uhj{khjfoHkkxs rq galks gal% cdks cd% AA
,deso i;kZIre~ & ,osQukfi lqiq=ks.k ¯lgh Lofifr fuHkZ;e~ A
lgSo n'kfHk% iq=kS% Hkkja ogfr jklHkh AA
fid% & dkd% Ñ".k% fid% Ñ".k% dks Hksn% fiddkd;ks% A
olUrle;s izkIrs dkd% dkd% fid% fid% AA
pkrd o.kZue~ & ;|fi lfUr cgwfu ljkafl]
Loknq'khrylqjfHki;kafl A
pkrdiksrLrnfi p rkfu]
R;DRok ;kpfr tyntykfu AA