Slide 1
SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Slide 2
SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation
Human rights and conflict
Definition of human rights
Legal basis for human rights
Examples of human rights
International humanitarian law
Human rights violations
Applying human rights in peace operations
“Scenario on the Use of Force and Firearms”
Human rights and conflict
Definition of human rights
Legal basis for human rights
Examples of human rights
International humanitarian law
Human rights violations
Applying human rights in peace operations
“Scenario on the Use of Force and Firearms”
Slide 3
SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Protect host country population
Build confidence and defuse tensions
Prevent future conflicts
Increase the effectiveness of peace operations
Protect host country population
Build confidence and defuse tensions
Prevent future conflicts
Increase the effectiveness of peace operations
Protecting human rights and preventing violations is important toProtecting human rights and preventing violations is important to
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Are legal entitlements
Protect both individuals and groups
Uphold respect for human dignity
Are modern norms but an ancient principle
Are legal entitlements
Protect both individuals and groups
Uphold respect for human dignity
Are modern norms but an ancient principle
Human rightsHuman rights
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Universal
Internationally guaranteed
Legally protected
Protect individuals and groups
Cannot be taken away
Equal and indivisible
Oblige States and State actors
Universal
Internationally guaranteed
Legally protected
Protect individuals and groups
Cannot be taken away
Equal and indivisible
Oblige States and State actors
Human rights are:Human rights are:
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Promotion of and respect for human rights for all is a purpose of the Organization
Establishes legal obligations for Member States to take action to achieve respect for human rights
Promotion of and respect for human rights for all is a purpose of the Organization
Establishes legal obligations for Member States to take action to achieve respect for human rights
United Nations Charter (1945)United Nations Charter (1945)
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Treaties, conventions, covenants, declarationsTreaties, conventions, covenants, declarations
Define human rights
Specify obligations of States
Create mechanisms to implement and monitor
Define human rights
Specify obligations of States
Create mechanisms to implement and monitor
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
International Bill of Human RightsInternational Bill of Human Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Civil and political rights(right to life, liberty, equality before the law, freedom of thought and religion)
Economic, social and cultural rights (right to food, housing, education)
Civil and political rights(right to life, liberty, equality before the law, freedom of thought and religion)
Economic, social and cultural rights (right to food, housing, education)
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Human rights treaties onHuman rights treaties on
Elimination of racial discrimination
Elimination of discrimination against women
Prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Rights of the child
Rights of migrant workers
Elimination of racial discrimination
Elimination of discrimination against women
Prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Rights of the child
Rights of migrant workers
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Are obligated to protect human rights
Often party to specific human rights treaties and have accepted obligations
Peace agreements usually incorporate human rights obligations for the Parties
Are obligated to protect human rights
Often party to specific human rights treaties and have accepted obligations
Peace agreements usually incorporate human rights obligations for the Parties
Human rights and countries hosting peace operationsHuman rights and countries hosting peace operations
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Life
Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Not be held in slavery
Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
Life
Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
Not be held in slavery
Freedom of thought, conscience and religion
The human right toThe human right to
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Fair trial
Freedom from arbitraryarrest, detention
Freedom of movement
Privacy
Fair trial
Freedom from arbitraryarrest, detention
Freedom of movement
Privacy
The human right toThe human right to
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Housing
Freedom of expression
Education
Peaceful assembly,association
Housing
Freedom of expression
Education
Peaceful assembly,association
The human right toThe human right to
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Specified in human rights treaties
Determined by law
Rights of others or the general public must be protected
Proportional to the objectives pursued
Specified in human rights treaties
Determined by law
Rights of others or the general public must be protected
Proportional to the objectives pursued
Some rights may be limited, but only whenSome rights may be limited, but only when
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
DerogationsDerogations
Some rights may be derogated, temporarily suspended, under very strict and specific conditions, in situations of emergency
Some rights may be derogated, temporarily suspended, under very strict and specific conditions, in situations of emergency
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
International humanitarian lawInternational humanitarian law
Regulates the conduct ofhostilities
Protects civilian population,victims of conflicts andnon-combatants
Regulates the conduct ofhostilities
Protects civilian population,victims of conflicts andnon-combatants
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
International humanitarian lawInternational humanitarian law
Applies in all situations of armed conflict
Safeguards principles of humanity in all situations
Respects and protects non-combatants, wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners and civilians
Applies in all situations of armed conflict
Safeguards principles of humanity in all situations
Respects and protects non-combatants, wounded, sick, shipwrecked, prisoners and civilians
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
International humanitarian law, key principlesInternational humanitarian law, key principles
Assist and care for all persons suffering from the effects of conflict without discrimination
Ensure their access at all times to a protecting Power or an impartial humanitarian organization
Assist and care for all persons suffering from the effects of conflict without discrimination
Ensure their access at all times to a protecting Power or an impartial humanitarian organization
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Murder
Torture
Corporal punishment
Mutilation
Outrages on personal dignity
Hostage-taking
Collective punishment
Executions without regular trial
Cruel and degrading treatment
Murder
Torture
Corporal punishment
Mutilation
Outrages on personal dignity
Hostage-taking
Collective punishment
Executions without regular trial
Cruel and degrading treatment
Prohibited in all circumstances areProhibited in all circumstances are
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
The wounded, sick and shipwrecked
Medical personnel and services
Prisoners of war
Civilians
Civilian and cultural objects
Natural environment
The wounded, sick and shipwrecked
Medical personnel and services
Prisoners of war
Civilians
Civilian and cultural objects
Natural environment
Prohibited in all circumstances are reprisals againstProhibited in all circumstances are reprisals against
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Summary executions
Torture
Arbitrary arrest, detention
Discrimination
Violence against women
Genocide
War crimes
Summary executions
Torture
Arbitrary arrest, detention
Discrimination
Violence against women
Genocide
War crimes
Human rights violationsHuman rights violations
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Crimes against humanityCrimes against humanity
Murder Extermination Enslavement Torture Deportation, forcible transfer
Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution or sterilization, forced pregnancy
Imprisonment, other deprivation of physical liberty Persecution of any group Enforced disappearance Apartheid
Murder Extermination Enslavement Torture Deportation, forcible transfer
Rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution or sterilization, forced pregnancy
Imprisonment, other deprivation of physical liberty Persecution of any group Enforced disappearance Apartheid
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Groups requiring special attentionGroups requiring special attention
Women
Children
Old people
Refugees
IDPs
Persons with disabilities
Women
Children
Old people
Refugees
IDPs
Persons with disabilities
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Human rights as a common standard of conduct and achievement
Peace operations must be conducted with full respect for principles, norms, spirit of human rights conventions
United Nations personnel and hostGovernment must respect human rights principles and norms
Human rights as a common standard of conduct and achievement
Peace operations must be conducted with full respect for principles, norms, spirit of human rights conventions
United Nations personnel and hostGovernment must respect human rights principles and norms
Human rights in peacekeepingHuman rights in peacekeeping
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Monitor and investigate human rights violations
Report on violations
Conduct advocacy and interventions
Human rights capacity-building
Engage with humanitarian and development partners
Support peace process and transitional justice
Conduct in-mission training and sensitization on human rights issues
Provide technical assistance and advice to other components
Monitor and investigate human rights violations
Report on violations
Conduct advocacy and interventions
Human rights capacity-building
Engage with humanitarian and development partners
Support peace process and transitional justice
Conduct in-mission training and sensitization on human rights issues
Provide technical assistance and advice to other components
Human rights components:Human rights components:
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Human rights units/components
Military peacekeepers
UN police
Other civilian components/units
Human rights units/components
Military peacekeepers
UN police
Other civilian components/units
Human rights roles in peace operationsHuman rights roles in peace operations
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Human rights roles for militaryHuman rights roles for military
Protection of civilian population
Wide operational presence, detailed knowledge of area, movements
Monitoring and reporting of violations
Deterrent effect through visible presence
Armed capacity to stop abuses
Positive example through their conduct
Protection of civilian population
Wide operational presence, detailed knowledge of area, movements
Monitoring and reporting of violations
Deterrent effect through visible presence
Armed capacity to stop abuses
Positive example through their conduct
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
United Nations police rolesUnited Nations police roles
Monitoring and mentoring national police
Training and advising new national police forces
Investigating and reporting
Law enforcement
Monitoring and mentoring national police
Training and advising new national police forces
Investigating and reporting
Law enforcement
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
Civilian components with human rights rolesCivilian components with human rights roles
Civil affairs
Electoral assistance
DDR
Public information
Civil affairs
Electoral assistance
DDR
Public information
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
If human rights violations are observedIf human rights violations are observed
Note the facts
Take action in accordance with mandate, functions and situation
Immediately report the violations
Coordination with human rights components
Follow the situation
Note the facts
Take action in accordance with mandate, functions and situation
Immediately report the violations
Coordination with human rights components
Follow the situation
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
When using forceWhen using force
First try non-violent means
Use force only if necessary to pursue lawful objectives
Use only minimum force needed
Always apply force in proportion to objectives
Exercise restraint and minimize damage and injury
Provide medical aid to the injured
First try non-violent means
Use force only if necessary to pursue lawful objectives
Use only minimum force needed
Always apply force in proportion to objectives
Exercise restraint and minimize damage and injury
Provide medical aid to the injured
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SGTM 8: Human Rights in Peacekeeping
In summaryIn summary
Be familiar with human rights concepts
Understanding human rights is necessary to performing your functions effectively
Respect human rights at all times
Protecting and respecting human rights helps maintain credibility and legitimacy of United Nations
Be familiar with human rights concepts
Understanding human rights is necessary to performing your functions effectively
Respect human rights at all times
Protecting and respecting human rights helps maintain credibility and legitimacy of United Nations