Expanded Scope under Additional Financing
The Punjab Irrigated-Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Addendum to
Environmental and Social Assessment
May 2016
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Expanded Scope under Additional Financing
The Punjab Irrigated-Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Addendum to Environmental and Social Assessment
May 2016
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 iii
Issue and revision record Revision Date Originator Checker Approver Description
A Nov., 2015 Muhammad Hanif
Azmat Beg
Ch. Arshad Ali 1st Draft
B Nov., 2015 Muhammad Hanif
Azmat Beg
Ch. Arshad Ali Revised incorporating comments of client
C Feb., 2016 Muhammad Hanif
Azmat Beg
Ch. Arshad Ali Updated according to PIPIP revised scope of work
D Mar., 2016 Muhammad Hanif
Azmat Beg
Ch. Arshad Ali Finalized incorporating comments of World Bank
This document is issued for the party which
commissioned it and for specific purposes connected
with the above-captioned project only. It should not be
relied upon by any other party or used for any other
purpose.
We accept no responsibility for the consequences of
this document being relied upon by any other party, or
being used for any other purpose, or containing any
error or omission which is due to an error or omission in
data supplied to us by other parties.
This document contains confidential information and
proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown
to other parties without consent from us and from the
party which commissioned it.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 iv
Contents
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................... VI
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................... VII
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1
1.1 THE ORIGINAL PROJECT ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT (ESA) OF ORIGINAL PROJECT ........................................................................... 2 1.4 PROPOSED EXPANSION AND EXTENSION OF PROJECT ....................................................................................................... 3 1.5 RATIONALE FOR EXPANSION AND EXTENSION OF PROJECT ................................................................................................ 3 1.6 ADDENDUM TO EXISTING ESA REPORT ........................................................................................................................ 4
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 5
2.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 PROPOSED CHANGES TO THE PROJECT AND SCALING UP .................................................................................................. 5
2.2.1 Component A: Installation of High Efficient Irrigation Systems .............................................. 5 2.2.2 Component B: Upgrading of the Community Irrigation Systems ............................................ 5 2.2.3 Component C: Improved Agriculture Technology/Practices and Monitoring and Evaluation . 6 2.2.4 Sub-component C2: Monitoring and Evaluation of Project Impacts. ...................................... 6 2.2.5 Sub-component C3: Support to Post Harvest Processing, Value Addition and Market Linkages 6 2.2.6 Component D: Supervision, Technical Assistance, Training and Strategic Studies. ................. 7
2.3 PRE-CAST PARABOLIC LINING (PCPL) ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Description of Watercourse Improvement Works under Pre-Cast Parabolic Lining ................ 9 2.3.2 Length of Watercourse (W/C) to be Lined ............................................................................. 10
2.4 POST-HARVEST PROCESSING FACILITIES ...................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.1 Production Facilities .............................................................................................................. 12 2.4.2 Services .................................................................................................................................. 14 2.4.3 Production Planning .............................................................................................................. 15 2.4.4 Health and safety .................................................................................................................. 15 2.4.5 Fruit and Vegetable Processing Equipment .......................................................................... 15
3. LEGISLATIVE, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ................................ 17
3.1 NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 THE WORLD BANK OPERATIONAL POLICIES ................................................................................................................. 18
4. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................... 19
5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC BASELINE ............................... 20
6. STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS ............................................................. 21
7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATIONS ................................................ 31
7.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS ................................................................................................................................................. 31 7.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS ............................................................................................................................................... 31
7.2.1 Mitigations ............................................................................................................................ 31 7.3 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF ESTABLISHING AND OPERATING POST-HARVEST PROCESSING PLANTS ................................................ 31
7.3.1 Impacts on air quality ............................................................................................................ 32 7.3.2 Impacts on soil and water quality ......................................................................................... 32 7.3.3 Impact of Solid Wastes .......................................................................................................... 33 7.3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Impacts .............................................................................. 34 7.3.5 Communication and Transparency ....................................................................................... 35
8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .............................. 36
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 v
8.1 MITIGATION CHECKLISTS ........................................................................................................................................ 36 8.2 ESMP COMPLIANCE OF ORIGINAL PROJECT ................................................................................................................ 36
8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Mitigation Measures .......................................................... 36 8.2.2 Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring ................................................................. 37 8.2.3 Documentation and Reporting .............................................................................................. 37 8.2.4 Environmental and Social Trainings and Awareness Raising Programme ............................ 37
8.3 THE KEY LESSONS LEARNT ....................................................................................................................................... 38 8.4 SUGGESTION FOR IMPROVEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 38 8.5 ESMPS FOR FOOD PROCESSING UNITS ...................................................................................................................... 38 8.6 ESMP IMPLEMENTATION COST ............................................................................................................................... 39
ANNEX A................................................................................................................................................. 53
ANNEX B ................................................................................................................................................. 57
ANNEX C ................................................................................................................................................. 61
List of Tables Table 1.1: Targets and achievements ................................................................................................. 2 Table 6.1: Detail of consultation meetings ....................................................................................... 21 Table 6.2: Key Issues Discussed during Grass Root Consultations. ......................................................... 23 Table 8.1: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Drip Irrigation ........................................................... 40 Table 8.2: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Sprinkler Irrigation ................................................... 43 Table 8.3: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Laser Land Leveling .................................................. 46 Table 8.4: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Watercourse Improvement ...................................... 47 Table 8.5: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Establishing and Operaitng Post-harvest Processing
Facilities (Additional Mitigation Measures will be included in Unit-specific ESMP) ....................... 50
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Design Dimensions of Typical Precast Parabolic Segment .................................................. 9 Figure 2.2: Design Dimensions of Typical Brick Masonry Cross Section ............................................. 10 Figure 2.3: Relationship between Percent Lining Length and Loss Reduction (%). .................................. 11 Figure 2.4 Typical design of a fruit and vegetable processing unit. ................................................... 13
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 vi
List of Abbreviations
AAE Assistant Agricultural Engineer
AF Additional Financing
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand
DAF Dissolved Air Flotation
DCO District Coordinator Officer
DDO Deputy District Officer
DESC District Environmental and Social Coordinator
DO District Officer
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ESMC Environment and Social Management Cell
EMP Environmental Management Plan
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
ERR Economic Rate of Return
ESA Environmental and Social Assessment
ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan
GoPb Government of Punjab
HEIS High Efficiency Irrigation System
IEE Initial Environmental Examination
NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards
NPIW National Program for Improvement of Watercourses
MAIC Market and Agribusiness Implementation Consultant
MEP Monthly Environmental Report
MMP Mot McDonald Pakistan
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MRLs Maximum Residual Levels
NPIW National Program for Improvement of Watercourses
OFWM On-Farm Water Management
OP Operational Policy
ORAF Operational Risk Assessment Framework
PCIAIP Pothohar Climate Smart Irrigated Agriculture Improvement Project
PDO Project Development Objective
Pb- EPA Punjab Environmental Protection Agency
PEPA Pakistan Environmental Protection Act
PCPL Precast Parabolic Lining
PCPS Precast Parabolic Segments
PIPIP Punjab Irrigated-Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project
P&DD Planning & Development Department
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
QPR Quarterly Progress Report
SoW Scope of Work
SSC Supply and Service Company
WMTI Water Management Training Institute
WB World Bank
WMO Water Management Officer
WUA Water Users Association
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 vii
Executive Summary
The provincial government of Punjab (GoPb), Pakistan, through its Agriculture
Department and with assistance from the World Bank (WB) is implementing the Punjab
Irrigated-Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP) since 2012. The Project
aims to improve productivity of water use in irrigated agriculture through improvements
in water delivery, irrigation practices and crop diversification, and is scheduled to be
completed by 2018. Now the GoPb intends to expand the project scope and seeks
Additional Financing (AF) from the WB for this purpose.
To assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the expanded scope of the
project, the present document has been prepared as an Addendum to the existing
environmental and social assessment (ESA) that was prepared for the original project – in
accordance with the World Bank safeguard policies as well as national/provincial
environmental regulatory requirements.
The nature of most of the interventions and project area of the expanded scope remain the
same as that of the original project; only the targeted number of the schemes has been
revised and a small new component has been added. Therefore, most of the potential
impacts of the proposed activities under the expanded scope are expected to remain the
same as already assessed as part of the ESA of the original project. Hence only an
Addendum of the original ESA has been prepared instead of a new ESA.
Scope and Current Status of Original Project
The scope of the original project comprises of following specific physical interventions:
Component A1: Installation of high efficiency irrigation system (HEIS) comprising
drip and sprinkler irrigation systems on 120,000 acres;
Component A2: Provision of 3,000 laser units to farmers/ service provider (for laser
land levelling).
Component B1: Improvement of 5,500 unimproved canal watercourses, ,
Component B2: completion of lining on 1,500 partially improved watercourses
Component B3: rehabilitation of 2,000 irrigation schemes in non-canal commanded
areas.
The project is in fourth year of implementation and targets under project components A2,
B2, and B3 have almost been achieved two year ahead of schedule while component B1 is
expected to achieve the target during next two years. However, it seems very difficult to
achieve the target of A1 component within project duration.
Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) of the Original Project
Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) of the project was conducted during 2011
before starting execution as per Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 and World
Bank Operational Policy 4.01 (OP 4.01). The ESA identified potentially adverse
environmental and social impacts of the project, proposes appropriate mitigation measures
to address these impacts, and also includes an environmental and social management plan
(ESMP) to facilitate effective implementation of mitigation measures and other safeguard
requirements.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 viii
ESA report was approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Government of
Punjab and also by the World Bank. The ESMP is currently under implementation.
Revised Scope of Work
Under the expanded scope of work, the project will be extended for four years (2018-21) to
achieve following targets:
Improvement of 2,000 new watercourses using Precast Parabolic Lining (PCPL)
under component-B1.
Improvement of 7,000 more Partially Improved W/Cs using Precast Parabolic Lining
(PCPL) under component-B2
Improvement of 4,000 more W/Cs outside canal command area using Precast Parabolic
Lining (PCPL) under component-B3
To complete initially envisaged HEIS targets.
Component C3: establishing pilot scale post-harvest processing facilities.
Stakeholder Consultations
During preparation of the Addendum, extensive consultations with stakeholders have been
carried out in the province including beneficiaries of previous and potential beneficiaries
under revised scope of project to obtain their views, concerns, and suggestions. Similar
consultations were carried out while preparing the original ESA as well. Furthermore,
community involvement is an integral part of the project.
As per consultations feedback, farmers are quite happy with the outcome of the project as
PIPIP interventions have increased their farm output significantly. All participants liked
the idea to enhance the Scope of the project for further some years. The management
problems being faced by some farmers in operation of HEIS were also highlighted by the
farmers.
Potential Impacts of the Expanded Project Scope
Since no new type of interventions are being proposed under the expanded scope of the
project (with the exception of small post-harvest processing of vegetable and fruits),
therefore the potential impacts of the proposed activities are likely to be similar to the ones
assessed for the original project. Hence the impact assessment carried out and
environmental and social management plan (ESMP) prepared as part of the original ESA
will broadly remain applicable for the expanded scope of the project.
Under the extended scope of project (Component C3), financial assistance will be provided
for machinery and equipment required for processing and value addition of farm produce
and for establishment of common collection facility centers including, but not limited to,
grading, packing house, warehouse/storage, implements for safe handling of produce for
packing, storing, and transportation. The centers will be managed and operated by farmers
themselves. The project will also provide technical support for processing and marketing
through establishing small-scale processing units for various fruits and vegetables such as
mangoes, oranges, strawberry, tomatoes, onions, grapes etc. The process will include
pulping, concentrate making, drying, oil extraction, preservation and packing for use
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 ix
during off-season period. In addition, small-scale value addition facilities – processing
units – for selected products will be established as driven by market demand for products.
The fruit and vegetable processing units typically generate large volumes of effluents and
solid wastes. The unscientific disposal of such effluents and solid wastes may create
significant negative impacts to local environment besides production of hazardous gases
and noxious odor.
Much like the original project, the expanded project scope and associated potential impacts
summarized above do not trigger any WB safeguard policy other than OP 4.01 and OP
7.50.
ESA Addendum
The present Addendum to existing ESA has been prepared to assess the potential
environmental and social impacts of the additional activities to be carried out under the
expanded project (2018-21). The Addendum includes environmental and social impacts,
associated mitigation measures and other elements of the Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP).
Environmental and Social Management Plan
The ESMP prepared as part of the original ESA comprises institutional setup, mitigation
checklists, monitoring mechanism, training needs, and reporting requirements. This ESMP
mostly remains valid for the expanded project scope proposed with the exception of
additional mitigation measures associated with pilot scale post-harvest processing facilities
for fruits and vegetable. The cost of ESMP implementation for the extended project has
been estimated to be PKR 16.6 million.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 1
1. Introduction
The provincial government of Punjab (GoPb), Pakistan, through its Directorate General
Agriculture (Water Management) and with assistance from the World Bank (WB) is
implementing the Punjab Irrigated-Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
since 2012. The project is scheduled to be completed by 2018. Now the GoPb intends to
extend the project duration as well as expand the project scope, and seeks Additional
Financing (AF) from the WB for this purpose.
To assess the potential environmental and social impacts of the expanded scope of the
project, the present document has been prepared as an Addendum to the existing
environmental and social assessment (ESA) that was prepared for the original project – in
accordance with the World Bank safeguard policies as well as national/provincial
environmental regulatory requirements.
The nature of interventions and the project area of the expanded scope remain the same as
that of the original project; only the targeted number of the schemes has been revised and
a small new component has been added. Therefore, the potential impacts of the activities
under the expanded scope are also broadly expected to remain the same as already assessed
as part of the ESA of the original project. Hence this Addendum of the original ESA has
been prepared instead of a new ESA.
1.1 The Original Project
The Project seeks to improve productivity of water use in irrigated agriculture through
improvements in water delivery, irrigation practices and crop diversification. The key
objectives of the project are listed below.
Improving productivity of irrigation water by efficient conveyance and its effective
farm level use by adopting conservational practices.
Production of more profitable crops through high efficiency irrigation systems
(HEISs) for meeting increasing domestic demand and enhancing exports.
Strengthening the private sector service delivery capacity and sustainability for
supporting irrigated agriculture.
Capacity building of stakeholders in better managing irrigation water for attaining
higher crop yields with less production costs.
The scope of the original project comprises the following interventions:
A. Improving Water Productivity
A-1 Installation of High Efficiency Irrigation Systems (HEISs)
A-2 Strengthening of Precision Land Leveling Services in Private Sector
B. Upgrading Farm Level Irrigation Conveyance System
B-1 Improvement of Unimproved Canal Irrigated Watercourses
B-2 Completion of Partially Improved Watercourses
B-3 Rehabilitation of Irrigation Conveyance Systems in Non-Canal Commanded
Areas
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 2
C. Adoption and Promotion of Modern Irrigation Technologies & Practices and
Monitoring & Evaluation
C-1 Adoption and Promotion of Modern Irrigation Technologies and Practices
C-2 Monitoring and Evaluation of Project Impacts
D. Project Management, Supervision, Technical Assistance, Training and
Strategic Studies
D-1 Project Implementation and Management Support
D-2 Implementation Supervision and Third Party Validation Consultancies
D-3 Strategic Studies, Technical Assistance, Training etc.
1.2 Achievements of the Project
The project is under implementation since 2012 and scheduled to be closed by 2018. The
targets under project components A2, B2, and B3 have almost been achieved two year
ahead of schedule while for component B1 the target is expected to be achieved during
next two years, by the scheduled project closure. However, it seems very difficult to
achieve the target of A1 component within the remaining project duration. The completion
status of various project components is summarized in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1: Targets and achievements
Component Activity/ Component Targets
Status as on 30
June 2015
%
A1 Installations of High efficiency Irrigation
Systems
120,000
(Acres) 22,448 19
A2 Provision of LASER Units to the
Farmers
3,000
(Nos.) 2,996 100
B1 Improvement of Un-Improved Canal
Irrigated Watercourses
5,500
(Nos.) 3,102 56
B2 Completion of Partially Improved Canal
Irrigated Watercourses
1,500
(Nos.) 1,447 96
B3
Rehabilitation of Irrigation Conveyance
Systems in Non-Canal Commanded
Areas
2,000
(Nos.) 1,756 88
1.3 Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) of Original Project
Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) of the original project was conducted during
2011 before its commencement in accordance with Pakistan Environmental Protection Act,
1997 and World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 (OP 4.01). The main objectives of the ESA
study were:
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 3
To assess the prevailing environmental and socioeconomic conditions of the
project area,
To identify potential impacts of the project on the natural and human environment
of the area, to predict and evaluate these impacts, and determine their
significance, in light of the technical and regulatory concerns,
To propose appropriate mitigation measures that should be incorporated in the
design of the project to minimize, if not eliminated, the potentially adverse impacts,
To assess the compliance status of the proposed activities with respect to the
national environmental legislation and WB’s OPs,
To develop an environmental and social management plan (ESMP) to provide an
implementation mechanism for the mitigation measures identified during the
study.
ESA report was approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Government of
Punjab and also by the World Bank. The ESMP is currently under implementation. The
Table of Contents of the original ESA is reproduced in Annex A.
1.4 Proposed Expansion and Extension of Project
The project duration is proposed to be extended by four years i.e 2017-18 to 2020-21. The
design of the project would remain unchanged from the original project components. The
proposed changes and scaling up include: (i) increase in total number of watercourses to
be improved in canal command areas to 16,000 under component B1 and B2 (an increase
of 9,000 under expanded scope), with B1: 7,500 new W/Cs (2,000 more under expanded
scope) B2: 8,500 partially improved watercourses (7,000 under expanded scope), and
rehabilitation of 6,000 irrigation schemes in non-canal commanded (barani) areas under
component B3 (increase of 4,000 under expanded scope); and (ii) introduction of new
subcomponent C3: Support to Value Addition and Market Linkages to provide equipment,
technical assistance and capacity development for improved quality, value addition and
market linkages for the farmers adopting high efficiency irrigation technologies.
1.5 Rationale for Expansion and Extension of Project
PIPIP has proved investments with ERRs of over 30% and very high social and
employment benefits. Strong ownership of these investments is confirmed by the
substantial financial and in-kind contributions by the users in the investment cost and very
high demand. Since effectiveness and the Project’s Implementation Progress rating has
remained Highly Satisfactory due to its thorough preparation and detailed planning as well
as implementation of component B is nearly completed, implementation & institutional
capacity have been created and implementation momentum has been generated. Moreover,
there is very high demand for W/C improvement with extremely high proven benefits (as
water losses are high in W/C command, over 40%). It is imperative to continue the W/C
improvement program.
Implementation of Component A, which is more time consuming as off-take of the new
technology of HEIS in the country, would continue in parallel under the Original Project.
In order to make these investments more useful in raising productivity for the farmers based
on the lessons learned to date under the Original Project, a new sub-component C3 would
be added to support post-harvest processing, value addition and market linkages.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 4
1.6 Addendum to Existing ESA Report
The present Addendum to existing ESA has been prepared to assess the potential
environmental and social impacts of the additional activities to be carried out under the
expanded scope of project. The addendum includes environmental and social impacts,
associated mitigation measures and other elements of the Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP).
As also described earlier, the nature of most of the schemes and the project area of the
expanded scope remain the same as that of the original project; only the targeted number
of the schemes has been revised as described in Section 1.3 above – except inclusion of
post-harvest processing facilities. Therefore, most of the potential impacts of the proposed
activities under the expanded scope also remain the same as already assessed as part of the
ESA of the original project. Hence only an Addendum of the original ESA has been
prepared instead of a new ESA. The present Addendum addresses potential impacts of new
interventions in the project’s expanded scope.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 5
2. Project Description
2.1 Overview
The project’s main objective is to improve water productivity, which will translate into
greater agricultural output per unit of water used, and will be achieved through improved
physical delivery efficiency, irrigation practices, crop diversification and effective
application of inputs. The project’s objectives would contribute to increased agricultural
production, employment and incomes, higher living standards and positive environmental
outcomes.
2.2 Proposed Changes to the Project and Scaling Up
The Project Development Objective (PDO) of the Project will not change and the
component structure will remain the same, with additional targets under all sub-
components of Component B: Upgrading of Community Irrigation Systems and new
activities under Component C: Improved Agriculture Technology/Practices and
Monitoring and Evaluation by including a new sub-component C 3: Support to Post-
harvest, Value Addition and Market Linkages. The detailed Proposed Changes to the
Project and Scaling Up are given as under;
2.2.1 Component A: Installation of High Efficient Irrigation Systems
Component A is related to installation of high efficiency irrigation systems (HEIS) such as
Drip, Sprinkler etc. and laser leveling of the fields that would still remain under basin
irrigation. Its implementation is going well. All 3,000 laser levels allocated have been
provided to the beneficiaries on cost sharing basis. Additional 6,000 would be provided.
The implementation of HEIS required huge effort in institution building at all levels,
government, consultants, service provider, farmers, repair technicians and plumber etc.
There has been good progress on that and also demonstrative impact of the installations
done so far. The off-take of this system is slow but accelerating now particularly as crops
are maturing on the installations done to date and due to their impressive results.
2.2.2 Component B: Upgrading of the Community Irrigation Systems
Overall about 13,000 schemes would be covered under the extended scope of work: (i)
9,000 in canal commanded areas (B1 new W/Cs about 2,000 and B2 about 7,000) and 4,000
in rain fed or outside the canal commanded areas (component B3). Table below shows the
number of W/Cs and irrigation schemes to be improved under the Project with breakdown
for the Original Project and extended scope of work.
Scope of Works under the Project – Number of Schemes
Component/Sub Component
Original
Project
Under extended
scope of work Total
B1. Improvement of new W/Cs 5,500 2,000 7,500
B2. Improvement of Partially Improved W/Cs 1,500 7,000 8,500
B3. Irrigation schemes outside canal command area 2,000 4,000 6,000
Total 9,000 13,000 22,000
Implementation methodology and institutional structure would be the same as under the
original project. Water Courses would be improved using only pre-cast concrete sections
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 6
with water tight joints. Water turnout structures would be replaced with properly designed
concrete structures (pucca nakas). The earthen sections of the watercourse would be
improved using clean compacted soil. The Project would provide technical assistance for
W/C design and layout and construction supervision to the WUAs. Under extended scope
of Project, 50% of W/C length would be allowed to be lined using PCPS. The length of
the W/Cs, installation of diversion structures, as well as other improvements to earthen
sections of the W/Cs would be in accordance with the current standard practice and
optimized for each W/C. Water Users Associations (WUAs) would be formed according
to the procedures and process under the original project. Farmers would share the cost
through providing labor, and the Government would provide PCPS and other materials
needed for watercourse improvement.
The extended scope of Project would cover all districts of Punjab. However, when
implementation of Pothohar Climate Smart Irrigated Agriculture Project (PCSIAP) will
start, four Pothohar districts (Rawalpindi, Attock, Jehlum, and Chakwal) would be
excluded from the extended scope of Project and works in these districts would be
implemented under PCSIAP.
2.2.3 Component C: Improved Agriculture Technology/Practices and Monitoring
and Evaluation
Changes in this component would be made based on implementation experience and
lessons learnt. These changes will include: (i) supplementing sub-component C2 for
monitoring and evaluation and impact assessment of the additional works under the
extended scope of work; and (ii) adding a new sub-component to address value addition
and market access for farmers adopting efficient irrigation technologies. The details for
sub-components C2 and C3 are described below.
2.2.4 Sub-component C2: Monitoring and Evaluation of Project Impacts.
Under this sub-component, monitoring & evaluation and impact assessment of the
additional works under the extended scope of work would be carried out as already in
practice for the original scope of work.
2.2.5 Sub-component C3: Support to Post Harvest Processing, Value Addition
and Market Linkages
The demand for food products is increasing and changing in Pakistan, particularly in the
urban markets, which is likely to accelerate. If the farming community, especially the
small-scale producers, is to fully benefit from these opportunities, they will need
significantly higher level of local/international market information, on-farm technologies,
post-harvest management and better commercial skills.
This sub-component will cover the provision of equipment and machines, technical
assistance and training for value addition, marketing, increased productivity and quality
improvement through good agricultural practices for improved crop husbandry, tools for
pre and post-harvest handling of produce, including implements that ensure improved and
hygienic on-farm harvest management.
The project will hire Market and Agribusiness Implementation Consultant (MAIC) who
will design and implement crop-specific technical assistance in post-harvest processing,
packaging, value addition and marketing etc. Farmers and other value chain participants
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 7
would be supported in developing crop-specific business models that focus on: (i) quality
of produce; (ii) food safety issues e.g. Maximum Residual Levels (MRLs), etc. (iii);
certification and standardization to meet potential international market requirements; and
(iv) training to promote technology adoption. Farmers would be supported in preparing
business plans for value addition through processing, packaging and branding, and
connecting buyers and sellers.
Under this sub-component, equipment would be provided for processing and value
addition and common collection facility centers established to house operations including,
but not limited to, grading, packing house, warehouse/storage, implements for safe
handling of produce for packing, storing, and transportation. The centers will be managed
and operated by farmers themselves. The project will provide technical support for
processing and marketing through establishing small-scale processing units for various
fruits and vegetables such as mangoes, oranges, strawberry, tomatoes, onions, grapes and
others to process these through pulping, concentrate making, drying, oil extraction,
preservation and packing etc. for use during off-season period. In addition, small-scale
value addition facilities – processing units – for selected products will be established as
driven by market demand for products.
Under this sub-component, the interested farmers and entrepreneurs would be identified
and screened against eligibility criteria and they would be provided equipment for
processing units on the cost share basis. However, technical assistance would be provided
by MAIC in the form of capacity building of farmers through training and exposure,
farmer-to-farmer exchange program, ICT-based extension services that will include
internet network infrastructure and partnership agreements to push mobile phone-based
extension messages to target populations; establishment of an e-market place to provide a
common web portal to link local producers to domestic and export markets; establishing a
24/7 call center and interactive Web sites to respond to farmer requests for information;
and undertake supply chain analysis of selected commodities.
2.2.6 Component D: Supervision, Technical Assistance, Training and Strategic
Studies.
Under the extended scope of project, supervision, technical assistance and training would
be provided smooth implementation of project activities. This would cover (i)
implementation supervision and assistance to the farmers and suppliers, and ensuring
quality of the works carried out by farmers and suppliers/vendors etc.; (ii) project
supervision and spot checks, covering quality and quantity aspects, by third party
consultants; (iii) strategic studies and pilot projects that would be identified during project
implementation, and technical assistance, training, in particular training of the project staff
(i.e. training of the trainers) in crop diversification, shift to horticulture, vegetable and
floriculture crops, operation and maintenance of the irrigation systems and the units
installed under the project etc.; and (iv) activities identified in the Operational Risk
Assessment Framework (ORAF) and governance and accountability measures.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 8
2.3 Pre-Cast Parabolic Lining (PCPL)
The pre-cast parabolic lining (PCPL) has been quite popular in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(Pehur High Level Canal Project) and in Sindh during implementation of the National
Program for Improvement of Watercourses (NPIW). In Punjab, its use has also been
initiated and it is becoming quite popular amongst the farmers. The on-farm water
management projects in Pakistan, where parabolic segments have been used for lining
watercourses, has proved highly successful and farmers are now demanding parabolic
lining in preference over other methods. Their capital cost is quite comparable with the
traditional alternatives. Their life is longer and private industry is gearing up for mass
production.
While conducting the baseline survey of PIPIP Additional Financing, farmers’ views were
also sought about their preference for the type of watercourse lining technique. In about 92
scoping sessions held in different districts of Punjab, on an average ten farmers per session
attended. They were asked their liking about the watercourse lining techniques. On an
average 76 percent farmers spoke in favor of PCPL, 18 percent in favor of brick masonry
lining and 6 percent favored other types of lining techniques including PVC pipes, etc. The
farmers who spoke in favor of PCPL gave the following arguments:
The velocity of flow in the PCP lined watercourse section is faster making the
watercourse self-cleaning. Under this situation, it requires less cleaning and
maintenance since silt deposition is relatively very less as compared to brick lined
watercourses.
The PCP lining requires less skilled and unskilled labor work. As such, farmers’
share in the total cost of watercourse construction with PCP lining is relatively less
as compared to construction cost of brick lined watercourse. Thus farmers have to
pay less towards the watercourse improvement cost when they chose PCPL
technique.
Construction work of PCP lining is 2 to 3 times faster as compared to that of brick
masonry lining. As such, in a given period of time longer lengths of watercourses
can be lined with PCPS.
The farmers have to work very hard and intensively to achieve the quality
construction work of brick masonry lining. For that they have to be very particular
about curing of bricks, masonry work and plastering, whereas in PCP lining, farmers
have to pay attention only to curing of joints of PCPS. Thus farmer’s labor for
curing of construction work is relatively very less which is appreciated by the
farmers.
In order to promote longer effective life, backfilling of brick masonry walls in case
of brick lining is very essential, while in case of PCPL, it is not that essential. Thus
farmers appreciate this aspect of PCPL since they have to exert less on the
backfilling of PCPL section compared to brick masonry lined section as PCP lined
sections are capable of withstanding pressure without any backfilling.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 9
2.3.1 Description of Watercourse Improvement Works under Pre-Cast Parabolic
Lining
The watercourse improvement will include complete demolition of existing channels and
rebuilding/re-aligning them according to the engineering design with clean compacted soil.
For lining purposes, the precast parabolic segments (PCPS) are manufactured having
length of one meter with frogs and thickness of 7 to 9 cm without any reinforcement and
providing an interlocking arrangement. Concrete parabolic channel sections are placed on
leveled compacted earth. The joints are grouted with cement-sand mortar or are sealed with
asphalt to prevent any seepage through joints. The structures are designed according to the
volume of water to be passed. Precast naccas (water outlets) are also installed at all
junctions and authorized outlets to reduce channel deterioration, seepage loss, and to
improve water control. Under normal conditions, where the land is fairly leveled and
belongs to one or two farmers only, the standard practice of providing one nacca for every
25 acres is sufficient. Extra provision of naccas is made where the land has been subjected
to fragmentation because of uneven topography, repeated division of ownership, and social
problems. Moreover, culverts are constructed at major crossings, and a limited number of
checks/drop structures, animal wallows/buffalo baths, and laundry sites are also provided
as required. The construction of washing places and lining of reaches provide additional
public health benefits to villagers.
The typical cross sections of both Precast Parabolic and Brick Masonry techniques are
given in Figure 2.1 & 2.2.
Figure 2.1 Design Dimensions of Typical Precast Parabolic Segment
12
41
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 10
Figure 2.2: Design Dimensions of Typical Brick Masonry Cross Section
2.3.2 Length of Watercourse (W/C) to be Lined
W/Cs improvement program started in late 1970s; initially it had slow acceptance and
uptake among the farmers even though it is extremely beneficial investment. It took at least
two decades (1980s and 1990s) to sort out and understand the technical, social,
cost/benefits and implementation issues and now the program is extremely popular and
demanded in the farming community. However, the W/Cs improved in the beginning of
the program consisted of meager improvements mostly earthen sections were
reconstructed, small part of the W/Cs was lined often less than 15% and turn out structures
were installed etc. This was because the lining had to be done during short window of canal
closure period without affecting the irrigation schedule, the warabandi system (weekly
time rotation of water based on the size of the land holding) and also investment cost was
substantial which has to be shared among all shareholders of the W/C who have varied
incentives to line the W/C with tail ender having maximum benefits and farmers at the head
section of the W/C least.
With introduction of precast concrete parabolic sections (PCPS) for lining (instead of brick
and mortar), the time period for construction has been shortened as they are manufactured
all year round under quality controlled conditions in a factory and fitted in the W/C quickly
during the canal closure period of about 10 days. Also there is reduction in cost but more
importantly cumbersome process of ordering and piling up various materials including
sand, cement bricks etc. and then pain taking process of construction and curing by
organizing masons and labor, etc. With PCPS the sections for the whole W/C are ordered
and installed by an experienced crew quite quickly and easily. Therefore, there is interest,
willingness and demand from farmers now to line longer sections of the W/Cs.
46
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 11
Several studies carried out in Pakistan have shown that lining up to 60% of the W/C is
economically viable1. Under the PIPIP, a detailed study and field observations were carried
out on 12 W/Cs (8 unimproved and 4 improved). Per unit length (100m) loss rate was also
calculated for different reaches (Head, Middle, Tail) of the selected watercourses. The
losses which occurred in a segment of watercourse is a function of three parameters i.e. the
loss rate, length of segment and the flow duration. Annual loss volume for each segment is
calculated by multiplying the loss rate with the flow time in the segment. By summing the
losses of all segments the annual loss volume was obtained. On an average 48% loss on
volumetric basis was observed, with 59% as the highest and 34% as lowest. A relationship
between percent length of lining and water losses is established (see Figure 2.3). As is clear
from Figure, the optimum length of lining that can be recommended is 55%. The
incremental benefits of the extent of lining beyond 55% of its total length are not
significant. The analysis shows that the lining of any watercourse is viable up to 55% which
may save the maximum water losses of about 81%, beyond that the marginal saving is very
negligible and only about 19% in total against the remaining 45% of lining.
The study shows that about 80% of the losses can be saved by lining 50% of the length of
the W/C. ERR was also estimated for lining of water in segments of 5% of the length to
find out the most optimal from cost benefits view point. Economic rate of return is highest
at 50% lining and it becomes lower than 12% (considered as opportunity cost of capital)
for lining higher than 55% of the W/C. A more conservative estimate of 50% of W/C
length would be the target lining under the extended scope of work. In realty, some W/Cs
would be lined less due to branching, cost and social issues prevalent in each W/C.
Figure 2.3: Relationship between Percent Lining Length and Loss Reduction (%).
_________________________
1 Under the warabandi system of irrigation scheduling water flows in the head section of the W/C all the time while water
flow in the tail end section is for only a short period of time. Even though users at the tail end benefit most from lining
of W/C, lining of tail section itself provides least benefits as duration of water flow is less and thus amount of losses
saved is very small while duration is longer in head sections and thus the amount of water loss is high that can be saved
by lining.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 12
2.4 Post-harvest Processing Facilities
The exact interventions for post-harvesting facilities to be provided are not yet clear, which will be finalized by the MAIC. An indicative detail for such facility including anticipated impacts is provided in following sections.
2.4.1 Production Facilities
The Site:
An ideal site should be close to a fruit and vegetable growing areas and near to main road
leading to an urban center. This reduces transport and handling costs and lets crops in good
condition at processing time. Too much handling bruises the commodities which spoil
quickly. Reliable electricity and adequate supplies of potable water should also be
considered while site selection.
The Building:
The building should have a hygienically designed and easy cleaned to prevent
contamination of products. Within the building, food move between different stages in a
process. A typical design for a fruit and vegetable processing unit is shown in Figure 2.4.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 13
Figure 2.4 Typical design of a fruit and vegetable processing unit. (Hand-washing/changing facilities and toilets should be in another building)
Roofs and ceilings:
A paneled ceiling should be fitted in processing and storage rooms. It is important to ensure
that there are no holes in the paneling or in the roof and no gaps where the roof joins the
walls, which would allow birds, rodents and insects to enter.
Walls, windows and doors:
All internal walls should be plastered or rendered with concrete. The surface finish should
have no cracks or ledges, which could harbor dirt or insects. The lower parts of the walls
are most likely to get dirty from washing equipment, product splashing etc. They should
either be tiled, or painted with waterproof white gloss paint to at least one and a half meters
above the floor. Higher parts of walls and the ceiling can be painted with good quality
white emulsion paint.
Natural daylight is preferable and cheaper than electric lighting in processing rooms.
Windowsills should be made to slope to prevent dust accumulation. Storeroom doors
should not have gaps beneath them and should be kept closed to prevent insects and rodents
from getting in and destroying stocks of product, ingredients or packaging materials.
Processing room doors should be kept closed unless they are fitted with thin metal chains,
or strips of plastic or cloth hung from door lintels. These keep out insects and birds, but
allow easy access for staff. Alternatively, mesh door screens can be fitted.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 14
2.4.2 Services
Lighting and power
Electric power points should be located at least one meter above the floor so that there is
no risk of them getting wet when the floor and equipment is washed down. Ideally,
waterproof sockets should be used. Each power point should only be used for one machine.
Multiple sockets should not be used because they risk overloading a circuit and causing a
fire. All plugs should have fuses that are appropriate for the power rating of the equipment
and the mains supply should have an earth leakage trip-switch. Cables should be properly
fixed to walls or run vertically from the ceiling to machines. There should be no exposed
wires at any connection. Electric motors should be fitted with separate starters and
isolators.
Water supply and sanitation
Good quality water is essential in all fruit and vegetable processing, as an ingredient in
some products and for washing down equipment. An adequate supply of water should be
available from taps in the processing room. If there is no mains supply, or if the mains
supply is unreliable or contaminated, water from boreholes is likely to be relatively free
from microorganisms, but it may be contaminated with sand. Canal water is likely to be
contaminated and should only be used if no other source is available.
Samples of water should be periodically checked (e.g. once per year) for contamination
from salts and micro-organisms. To remove sediment, two high level covered storage tanks
should be installed. While one tank is being used, any sediment in water in the other tank
settles out. The capacity of each tank should be enough for one day’s requirement. The
tanks should have sloping bases and be fitted with drain valves at the lowest point to flush
out any sediment that has accumulated. If necessary, water should be treated to remove
micro-organisms. Dosing water with bleach is fast, cheap and effective against a wide
range of microorganisms. Water for cleaning should contain about 200 ppm of chlorine (by
mixing 1 liter of bleach into 250 liters of water). Water that is used as an ingredient should
not contain more than 0.5 ppm chlorine (by adding 2.5 ml of bleach to 250 liters of water)
to avoid contaminating products with a chlorine smell. Care is needed when using bleach
because it damages the skin, particularly the eyes and can cause breathing difficulties, if
inhaled.
Equipment should be thoroughly cleaned after each day’s production. Solid wastes should
be placed in bins and removed from the building at intervals, rather than letting them
accumulate during the day. Wastes should never be left in a processing room overnight.
Wastes should be taken far away from the processing site and either buried or turned into
compost.
Large volumes of liquid wastes are created in fruit and vegetable processing and these
should be carefully disposed off to prevent local pollution of streams or lakes and local
environment. If main drainage is not available, a soak-away should be constructed in a
place that shouldn’t contaminate drinking water supplies. Water should not be allowed to
simply soak into the ground, because this will create swampy conditions, which attract
insects that contaminate products, as well as introducing a health hazard.
Toilets should be separated from the processing area by two doors or be located in a
separate building. Workers should have hand-washing facilities with soap and clean towels.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 15
2.4.3 Production Planning
Production planning involves thinking ahead to make sure that everything is in place and
working properly at the start of the harvest so that enough produce can be processed.
Careful production planning may involve:
1. Number of workers required and their different jobs
2. Equipment needed
3. Production of raw materials and ingredients to be bought
4. Identify any ‘bottle-necks’ in the process.
2.4.4 Health and safety
All processors have a responsibility to provide safe and healthy working conditions for
their staff. In fruit and vegetable processing the main dangers are:
Damage to skin
When workers handle raw fruit over several hours, they should wash their hands regularly
or be provided with thin gloves to prevent skin damage from fruit acids. Care is also needed
for handling bleach to avoid damage to the skin.
Burns and cuts
The main risk of burns comes from large containers of viscous products such as jam or
sauces, which are handled at boiling temperatures. Aprons or coats and heat resistant gloves
should be provided and staff should be trained to handle such foods safely. There are also
dangers of cuts from sharp blades on motorized cutters or liquidizers.
Staff should be properly trained to use machines safely, particularly when cleaning them
and workers should not wear clothes or jewelry that could become tangled in moving
equipment.
2.4.5 Fruit and Vegetable Processing Equipment
1. Airlocks
2. Blanchers
3. Boiling Pans/Pasteurizers
4. Bottle Coolers
5. Bottle Washers
6. Capsule Sealer
7. Corers
8. Corkers
9. Cutting boards
10. Deep fat fryers
11. Dicers
12. Dryers
13. Fermentation tanks/food grade drums
14. Fillers/Insulated Filling Tanks
15. Filters
16. Freezers
17. Fruit Crushers
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 16
18. Fruit presses
19. Gas burners/cylinders/regulators
20. General tools and tables
21. Heat sealers
22. Hosepipes and spray guns
23. Hydrometers – alcohol and brine
24. Jam thermometers
25. Label applicators
26. Laboratory glassware/equipment
27. Liquidizers
28. Peelers
29. pH meters
30. Pot and bottle sealers/cappers
31. Pressure Cookers
32. Protective gloves, hats, hairnets, coats and boots
33. Pulper Finishers
34. Reamers
35. Refractometers
36. Scales
37. Sulphuring Cabinet.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 17
3. Legislative, Regulatory, and Policy Framework
This Chapter provides an overview of the legislative, regulatory, and policy framework
pertaining to the environmental and social aspects of the proposed project.
3.1 National Laws and Regulations
The following laws relevant to the environmental and social aspects of the project have
already been discussed in the original ESA, Chapter 2 (see Annex A for the table of
contents of the original ESA):
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIA Regulations, 2000
National Environmental Quality Standards
Land Acquisition Act, 1894
Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act, 1974
Forest Act, 1927
Canal and Drainage Act, 1873
Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority Act, 1997
Punjab On-Farm Water Management and Water Users’ Associations Ordinance, 1981
Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001
Antiquity Act, 1975
Mines, Oil Fields and Mineral Development Act, 1948
Factories Act, 1934
Employment of Child Act, 1991
Pakistan Penal Code, 1860
All of the above laws are applicable to the expanded scope of the project because no
changes have been made in them since the preparation of the original ESA except that
Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (Amended 2012) has been promulgated. A
summary of this Act is presented below.
Punjab Environmental Protection Act
The Punjab Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (amended 2012) is the basic legislative
tool at the provincial level after the devolution of power under 18th amendment of the
constitution of Pakistan, empowering the provincial governments to frame regulations for
the protection of the environment. The Act is similar in nature to the Pakistan
Environmental Protection Act of 1997 and refers to the Pakistan Environmental Protection
Agency Review of IEE and EIA Regulations as the primary guideline for preparation of
environmental safeguards instruments. The regulatory powers and implementation
responsibilities are now designated in the province to the Punjab Environmental Protection
Agency. The Act requires the proponents of every development project in the province to
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 18
conduct an environmental assessment and submit its report to the Punjab Environmental
Protection Agency.
3.2 The World Bank Operational Policies
Relevance and applicability of the World Bank environmental and social safeguard policies
for the original project has been discussed in Chapter 2 of the original ESA and remains
essentially the same for the expanded project scope. Much like the original project, the
expanded project scope and associated potential impacts do not trigger any WB safeguard
policy other than OP 4.01 and OP 7.50, as summarized below.
Operational Policy Triggered Rationale
Environmental
Assessment (OP 4.01)
Yes The proposed activities can potentially cause
low to moderate significance of adverse
environmental and or social impacts (hence the
proposed projecct remains Category B)
Involuntary
Resettlement (OP 4.12)
No No land would be acquired as part of the
proposed project.
Forestry (OP 4.36) No No project activities will be carried out inside
any forests nor would they have any impacts
on forest resources.
Natural Habitat (OP
4.04)
No No project activities will be carried out inside
any natural habitat nor would they have any
impacts on such habitat.
Pest Management (OP
4.09)
No Intordution of HEIS generally results in
reduction of agro-chemical requirements for
the crops.
Safety of Dams (OP
4.37)
No No dam construction is involved.
Projects in
International Waters
(OP 7.50)
Yes The project would use irrigation water some of
which originates from international waterways
(eg, Jhelum and Chenab rivers). An exemption
to notification was obtained for the original
project that also applies to the AF.
Cultural Property (OP
4.11)
No Proejct interventions will be carried out in
cultivation fields where no physical cultural
resources are known to exist. Chane find
procedures have been included in the ESMP.
Indigenous People (OP
4.10)
No No indiginous peole ass deined in the Policy
exist in the Province.
Projects in Disputed
Area (7.60)
No The Province does not have any area that is
disputed.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 19
4. Analysis of Alternatives
Consideration of alternatives is one of the important elements of the environmental
assessment process. Its role is to provide a framework for sound decision-making based on
the principles of sustainable development.
Various project alternatives and the associated environmental as well as social aspects
were analyzed in the original ESA report including:
No-Project Alternative,
Alternative Irrigation Methods,
Alternative Land Levelling Methods,
Alternatives Methods o f On-Farm Water Conservation, and
Alternative Methods of Implementing the Proposed Initiatives
The above analysis remains valid for the proposed activities under AF. However, Precast
Parabolic Lining (PCPL) technique was not included in the original ESA while analyzing
alternative methods of on-farm water conservation. PCPL technique has proven to be far
superior to the traditional brick-mortar rectangular lining as parabolic-lined sections last
longer, have 27 percent more conveyance efficiency than the conventional brick lined, and
have almost negligible maintenance costs. Therefore, the benefit-cost ratio is best for the
PCPL alternative, which has been selected for the improvement of 7000 more watercourses
under revised Scope of Work.
Environmental and social consequences of PCPL and brick masonry lining will remain the
same.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 20
5. Environmental and Socioeconomic Baseline
The baseline information is required for scoping and assessing potential social and
environmental issues associated with the implementation of the project. On the basis of
baseline information, the project’s potential impacts are assessed and mitigation measures
proposed. The baseline information also helps to indicate the specific issues to be
monitored during project execution as well as during the operational phase.
The original ESA in its Chapter 5 describes the baseline environmental and
socioeconomic conditions of the Punjab Province (see Annex A for the table of contents
of the original ESA). This description remains fully valid for the expanded scope of the
project as well since the additional activities will also be carried out Province-wide and no
significant changes in the environmental and social conditions of the Province relevant to
the proposed activities have been reported.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 21
6. Stakeholder Consultations
Stakeholder consultation is an integral part of the environmental and social assessment for
any project and aims to provide a two-way communication channel between the
stakeholders and the project proponents. The stakeholder consultations with institutional
and grass root stakeholders were conducted during preparation of the original ESA. Key
project information was provided to the stakeholders to solicit their views on the project
and its potential or perceived impacts. Outcome of these consultations were made part of
original ESA (Chapter 6) and views and concerns of the stakeholders were incorporated
into the project design and implementation with the objectives of reducing or offsetting
negative impacts and enhancing benefits of the project.
Similarly, extensive consultations with stakeholders (farmers) were again carried out in all
three regions (Lahore, Rawalpindi, Multan) of the Province while preparing the present
Addendum. Stakeholders including beneficiaries of previous and revised scope of project
were consulted to obtain their views, concerns, and suggestions regarding on-going project
and proposed revised scope of work. The detail of consultation meetings conducted is given
in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Detail of consultation meetings
Region
Village Existing Facility (s)
No. of Participants
La
ho
re
1. Village: Twelewali Tehsil/District: Pindi Bhattian , Hafizabad
Watercourse (W/C) Lining
12
2. Chak No 248 Tehsil/District:Gojra / Toba Tek Singh HEIS 3
3. Village: 105- RB Tehsil/District: Jaranwala/ Faisalabad
Laser land levelling (LLL)
3
4. Kot asaish Tehsil/District: Wazirabad, Gujranwala W/C Lining and LLL
8
5. Mehrook kalan Tehsil/District: Depalpur/Okara W/C Lining and LLL
11
6. Village: 187-JB Tehsil/District: Bhawna/ Chiniot W/C Lining 9
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 22
Region
Village Existing Facility (s)
No. of Participants
Region
Village Existing Facility (s)
No. of Participants
Raw
alp
ind
i
1. Mitha khu Tehsil/District: Khushab/Sargodha W/C Lining and LLL
8
2. Village: Phesay Tehsil/District: Phalia/ M. B. Din W/C Lining and LLL
7
3. 54-TDA Tehsil/District: Bhakkar W/C Lining and HEIS
9
4. Village: Hafiz wala Tehsil/District: Piplan/ Mianwali W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
8
Mu
lta
n
1. 96-9-L Tehsil/District: Sahiwal W/C Lining 12
2. Chak Liaqat/ Moza Wali Motel Mal Tehsil/District: Lodhran
W/C Lining 14
3. Moza Meeran pur Tehsil/District: Lodhran W/C Lining 13
4. Qasba Aawal Tehsil/District: Multan W/C Lining 13
5. Raja ram Tehsil/District: Shujabad / Multan W/C Lining 12
6. Kot baksha Tehsil/District: Pak Pattan W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
8
7. Falak sher chisti Tehsil/District: Bahawalnagar / BIN W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
7
8. Village: Falak sher chisti Tehsil/District: Bhawalnagar / Bin
W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
6
9. Kot bakhsa Tehsil/District: pak pattan W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
8
10.
Village:6 – IR Tehsil/District: Haroonabad / Bhawalnagar
W/C Lining, HEIS and LLL
6
11.
54-TDA Tehsil/District: Bhakkar W/C Lining and HEIS
7
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 23
Region
Village Existing Facility (s)
No. of Participants
The views and concerns shown by the farmers during these consultation meetings are
provided in Table 6.2, whereas complete list of farmers participated in the meetings is
provided in Annex B.
Table 6.2: Key Issues Discussed during Grass Root Consultations.
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Chak No. 187 JB
Tehsil:
Bhwana/Chiniot
Distt: Faisalabad
Monitoring and
evaluation (M&E)
consultant team
and 9 Farmers of
improved
Watercourse
Very positive impact on productivity; area under
cultivation increased due to water and labor
saving; easy to operate; price of land increased.
Extension of scheme is needed;
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Chak No 105 Rb
Tehsil Jaranwala
Distt: Faisalabad
M&E consultant
team and 3 farmers
of Laser Land
Leveling
Achieved saving of time and water; crop
uniformity; effective use of fertilizer; equal
distribution of irrigation water in field.
Its cost should be reduced.
Chak No. 248 Teh:
Gojra Distt: Toba
Tek Singh
M&E consultant
team and Two
farmers of HEIS
Achieved saving in water and time; crop
uniformity; saving of input and labor; cropping
intensity increased, crop yield and quality
increased; increased farm income.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 24
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Difficult to operate; more training required for
handling; No after sale service from SSC; no
spare parts available in local market.
Village: Twelewali
Tehsil/District:
Pindi Bhattian ,
Hafizabad
M&E consultant
team and 12
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining
Better equity; Input saving; Water and labor
saving; Water theft and dispute reduction
There is some difficult to collect farmers share;
Farmer share should be reduced
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
96-9-L
Tehsil/District:
Sahiwal
M&E consultant
team and 12
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining
Better equity; Input saving; Water and labor
saving; Water theft and dispute reduced;
It is difficult to collect farmers share;
Farmer share should be reduced.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Chak Liaqat/ Moza
Wali Motel Mal
Tehsil/District:
Lodhran
M&E consultant
team and 14
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining and Laser
Land Leveling
Watercourse Lining:
Increased water conveyance efficiency;
Decreased water deficit; reduced water theft;
increased irrigated area; Increased the crop
production.
Watercourse should be completely lined.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Save water up to 27%; achieved uniformity in
crop growth; Increased the fertilizer efficiency;
decreased loss of land.
More laser units should be provided for
availability at crop season.
Moza Meeran Pur
Tehsil/District:
Lodhran
M&E consultant
team and 13
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining and Laser
Land Leveling
Watercourse Lining:
Reduced water theft; Reduced silting; Increased
conveyance efficiency; More production with
low labor; water losses decreased.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Saving water; Uniformity of the crop; Increased
in production; More germination; Reduction in
land losses.
Qasba Aawal
Tehsil/District:
Multan/ Multan
M&E consultant
team and 13
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining and Laser
Land Leveling
Watercourse Lining:
Achieved saving of water; received full turn of
water without losses; water theft reduced;
improved conveyance efficiency.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 25
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Decreased land losses; Received equal
distribution of water in field; Uniformity in crop
growth; More production; Less labor required.
Laser units should be provided at union council
level.
Village: Raja Ram
Tehsil/District:
Shujabad / Multan
M&E consultant
team and 12
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Canal water losses decreased; received full turn
of water without losses; Easy to handle
irrigation water; Crop yield increased.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Water saved; equal distribution of irrigation
water at each part of field; Crop uniformity;
Increased the crop yield
Availability of laser units should be confirmed
in Rabi and Kharif crop seasons
laser unit should be provided at union council
level
HEIS:
Received water saving; Increased the cropping
intensity; Less labor required; More production;
Input saving; Time saving
More operational cost; Bank support not
available; Maintenance issues; non-availability
of spare parts; Technology issues should be
resolved.
System should be subsidized; Company should
give back support.
Village: Kot
Baksha
Tehsil/District: Pak
Pattan
M&E consultant
team and 8
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
increased availability of water, received more
land under cultivation, easy to irrigate the field
or less labor required
Repair and maintenance of water course is not
proper.
100% lining of watercourse will give more
benefits to the farmers.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Water use efficiency increased , saving in time
during land preparation, crop yield increased
Rates increased during crop season; availability
becomes difficult at right time.
HEIS:
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 26
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Barren land became under cultivation; yield of
crop increased, labour cost decreased.
Problems occur during handling the system,
non-availability of spare parts, late response
from SSC, for backup support.
100% subsidy should be provided; availability
of spare parts in local market should be
confirmed.
Falak Sher Chisti
Tehsil/District:
Bahawalnagar /
BIN
M&E consultant
team and 7
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Availability of water increased; more area came
under cultivation; theft of water decreased.
Share collection process is difficult, farmers
gathering is difficult to solve any problem.
length of lined watercourse should be increased
especially for tail end farmers.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Field cultivation became easier due to leveling;
achieved uniformity in crop; crop yield
increased.
During crop cultivation season its availability in
time is difficult.
There is need to provide LLL at each village
level.
HEIS:
Labor work decreased; yields increased.
Difficult to operate the system; spare parts are
not available in local market.
During any problem no response or late
response from service supply company.
Availability of spare parts in the market should
be confirmed; quick response required to resolve
any problem occur during O&M.
Falak Sher Chisti
Tehsil/District:
Bhawalnagar / Bin
M&E consultant
team and 6
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Availability of water increased; more area came
under cultivation; decrease in theft of water.
Share collection process is difficult; farmers
gathering to solve any problem is difficulty
occur during chairmen selection.
length of lined watercourse should be increased
especially for tail end farmers.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 27
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Laser Land Leveling:
Easier cultivation; uniformity in crop growth;
yield increased.
During crop cultivation section its availability in
time is difficult.
There is need to provide LLL at each village
level.
HEIS:
Difficult to operate the system, spare parts are
not available in market; during any problem no
response or late response from service supply
company.
Difficult to operate the system; spare parts are
not available in market; during any problem no
response or late response from service supply
company.
Kot Bakhsa
Tehsil/District: Pak
Pattan
M&E consultant
team and 8
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Availability of water increased; more land under
cultivation; irrigation of field became easier.
Repair and maintenance of the water course is
not proper.
100 % lining of the water course will give more
benefit to the farmers.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Water use efficiency increased; saving in time
during land preparation; crop yield increased.
Rates increases during crop season; difficulty in
availability at right time.
HEIS:
Barren land comes under cultivation; crop yield
increased; labor cost decreased.
Problem occurs during handling the system.
Non availability of spare parts, not quick
response from SSC for backup support.
100% subsidy should be provided availability of
spare parts in local market.
Kot Asaish
Tehsil/District:
Wazirabad,
Gujranwala
M&E consultant
team and 8
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining and Laser
Land Leveling
Watercourse Lining:
Water conveyance efficiency has improved,
water theft has reduced.
Tail farmers should be considered during the
lining of watercourse.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 28
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Watercourse must be improved at alternate
reaches, especially problematic reaches,
otherwise w/c lined throughout the length of
w/c.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Uniform seed germination; Operational cost of
agriculture implement has reduced; Uniform
water application throughout the field; Reduce
the time of water application.
Skilled and trained driver to be used for LLL.
Village:6 – Ir
Tehsil/District:
Haroonabad /
Bhawalnagar
M&E consultant
team and 6
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
More area under cultivated due to lining and
availability of water in watercourse;
It is very difficult to collect farmer share from
the shareholder;
Make a departmental mechanism to collect the
farmer share and participation in watercourse
lining process.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
After LLL less amount of water required and
proper germination;
Not available when required; Provide the LLL
unit at every watercourse level.
HEIS:
From this technology barren areas come under
cultivation where cannot possible without this
technology.
Operation and maintenance of the system is too
difficult.
O&M service should be provided to farmers at
every district level.
Mehrook Kalan
Tehsil/District:
Depalpur/Okara
M&E consultant
team and 11
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
More water available at the tail; water theft
reduced; more land come under cultivation;
decreased conflict among farmers.
Problems in share collection from farmers.
Earthen improvement cost of watercourse
should paid by the Department and this earthen
work completed by the department.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 29
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Laser Land Leveling:
Increased yield; less time required for plough,
water use efficiency of land increased.
Crop saving becomes late sometimes due to late
availability of laser.
Laser land leveler must be provided at each
village or at each village or at least nearby
village.
HEIS:
Water saved but not in practice.
Higher cost of installation.
Exact awareness among the farmers.
Mitha Khu
Tehsil/District:
Khushab
M&E consultant
team and 6
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Availability of water increased for tail end
users; saving water from seepage loses, cuts
and theft; easy to walk along watercourse;
lining must be 100%
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Uniformity in crop growth; better crop yield.
Village: 54-TDA
Tehsil/District:
Bhakkar
M&E consultant
team and 7
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, and HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
seepage loss and theft of water reduced; more
area irrigated;
Entire watercourse should be improved.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
HEIS:
New land became under cultivation; saving of
water and energy; better production and quality.
Un affordable initial cost; un-availability of
parts in the market.
Subsidy may be enhanced and availability of
parts should be ensured.
Village: Phesay
Tehsil/District:
Phalia/ M. B. Din
M&E consultant
team and 7
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining and Laser
Land Leveling
Watercourse Lining:
Increased saving of water; seepage losses
controlled; water theft decreased; achieved
better yield; increased cropped area.
100% watercourse should be improved.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Less water required; better crop yield; improved
crop quality.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 30
Location/Farmers Participants Key Issue Discussed
Village: Hafiz wala
Tehsil/District:
Piplan/ Mianwali
M&E consultant
team and 8
Farmers of
Watercourse
Lining, Laser Land
Leveling and
HEIS
Watercourse Lining:
Water saving increased, water theft reduced,
better crop quality , reduced use of tube-well,
easy to irrigate fields, better crop production.
Entire watercourse should be improved.
Consultant team briefed about PCPL technique.
Laser Land Leveling:
Saving of water, time saving, better production.
Subsidy should be Increased.
HEIS:
Increased cropped area; increased saving of
water, reduced use of labor, increased crop
yield, quality of crops improved.
Subsidy should be increased.
Consultations with farmers will continue during the AF. These will be implemented through
consultation and social mobilization for Water User Associations. Monitoring arrangements will
seek specific feedback from women and especially female farmers and document their views in
progress/monitoring reports. Monitoring teams will develop special indicators for capturing
women’s views as part of periodic monitoring arrangements.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 31
7. Impact Assessment and Mitigations
Potential impacts of the project on environment and people were assessed and mitigation
measures were proposed in the original ESA. The negative impacts of the project
interventions were screened using the ADB’s Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist
for the irrigation projects.
The list of positive and negative impacts will remain same, as no new intervention is
proposed in revised scope of project. Positive and negative impacts of precast parabolic
lining will be same as of brick masonry lining used for watercourse improvement.
7.1 Positive Impacts
The positive environmental and social impacts of the project include increased water
conservation, enhanced social mobilization (i.e, establishment of WUAs), and increased
employment opportunities for skilled people. PCPL technique have proven to be far
superior to the traditional brick-mortar rectangular lining as parabolic-lined sections last
longer, have 27 percent more conveyance efficiency than the conventional brick lined.
7.2 Negative Impacts
The key potentially negative environmental and social impacts of the interventions under
the project have been adequately assessed in the original ESA and include changes in land
use pattern particularly where barren/vacant land is brought under cultivation,
contamination of soil and water caused by chemical inputs, loss of natural vegetation and
trees for watercourse improvement, damage to crops caused by watercourse improvement
works, and reduced groundwater recharge caused by water course lining (see Section 7.3
of the original ESA). The potential impacts of the post-harvest processing facilities not
covered under the original ESA are described below.
7.2.1 Mitigations
Most of the above-mentioned potential impacts are temporary and reversible in nature
and can be mitigated with the help of appropriate mitigation measures, such as avoiding
environmental hot spots and wildlife protected areas when expanding the cultivation
fields, awareness raising and capacity building of farmers for judicious use of chemical
inputs, tree plantation to compensate any tree cutting, avoiding cropped area while
carrying out the watercourse improvement and other construction works during the
project, and limiting the extent of watercourse lining in the sweet groundwater zone
to minimize negative impacts on groundwater recharge. These impacts have been
included in the original ESA (Section 7.3) and most of them have been successfully
implemented during the original project.
7.3 Potential Impacts of Establishing and Operating Post-harvest Processing Plants
The generic potential impacts of the post-harvest processing facilities not covered under the original
ESA are described below.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 32
7.3.1 Impacts on air quality
The construction and installation activities can create dust emissions and also exhaust
emissions from construction machinery and vehicles. During operation of the units, air
quality may be impacted due to air emissions resulting from incomplete fuel combustion
in the fruit and vegetable processing plant. Exhaust gasses include particulate matters
(PM10), sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Steam leaking from heating
tubes or used as live steam has a negative impact on air quality of workplace with respect
to heat and humidity. Odor problems can occur with poor management of solid wastes and
effluents.
Mitigations:
Water sprinkling to suppress dust emissions where needed during the
construction/installation phase.
Replace fuel oil by solar or natural gas.
Use good quality fuel.
Regulate the fuel to air ratio for an optimum excess air that ensures complete
combustion of fuel (carbon monoxide to dioxide).
Keep the combustion temperature at a moderate value to minimize particulate
matter and nitrogen oxides.
Stack (chimney) of appropriate height (in accordance with the product
specifications) to ensure proper dispersion of gaseous emissions.
Gas and steam leaks are minimized through maintenance and repair.
Odor controls (such as absorbents/biofilters on exhaust systems) should be
implemented where necessary to achieve acceptable odor quality for nearby
residents.
7.3.2 Impacts on soil and water quality
The fruit and vegetable processing units typically generate large volumes of effluents
(wastewater) that contain high organic loads, cleansing and blanching agents, salt and
suspended particles such as fibers and soil particles. The wastewater may also contain
pesticide residues washed from the fruits and vegetables. The various sources of
contamination are:
Juice, tomato paste and jam filling machines, which may spill that raise the
biological oxygen demand (BOD) level in the wastewater.
Lube oil from garage and workshops could be a cause for concern if discharged
into the sewer system or released to the environment.
Floor and equipment washing and sanitation produce wastewater containing
organic matter, oil and grease, and traces of the chemicals used for neutralization
and sanitation.
The organic material in wastewater stimulates the growth of bacteria and fungi
naturally present in water, which then consume dissolved oxygen.
Discharge of polluted wastewater high in BOD into a water body can cause
eutrophication and impact bio-diversity.
Sudden discharge of high BOD loads to the public sewer system will have an
indirect environmental impact.
Effluents released from the processing units can potentially contaminate drinking
water resources in the area.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 33
Mitigations: It will be ensured untreated effluents are not released to the environment and in particular drinking water resources are not affected in the area. The options described below will be employed for this purpose as appropriate.
In-plant modifications
The installation of product-capture systems for filling machines can reduce product
losses.
The installation of screens and grates on the drains prevents solid waste to reach
the wastewater
Provide simple treatment options (sedimentation, coalescing plate filters, etc.) to
allow water to be recycled.
Implementation of a quality control system is recommended to minimize waste.
In-process modifications
Use dry methods such as vibration or air jets to clean raw fruits and vegetables. Dry
peeling methods reduce the effluent volume (by up to 35%) and pollutant
concentration (organic load by 25%).
Install Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) unit to recover suspended material.
Recover useful materials from the wastes, such as recovering oil from skins and
seeds.
Use countercurrent systems where washing is necessary.
Introduce controlled atmosphere packaging. This technique allows food to retain
its quality for a longer time thus, passing through the distribution chain without
getting spoiled.
End-of-pipe treatment
Because of the typically high content of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD)
and BOD in the fruit and vegetable processing waste-streams, end-of-pipe treatment
frequently involves settling tanks and biological treatment. Pretreatment of effluents
consists of screening, flow equalization, neutralization and air flotation (to remove fats and
solids); it is normally followed by biological treatment. If space is available, pond systems
are potential treatment methods. Other possible biological treatment methods include
trickling filters, rotating biological contactors and activated sludge treatment.
7.3.3 Impact of Solid Wastes
Food wastes and effluents are rich in biodegradable components with high BOD and COD
contents. If they are unmanaged and untreated, their uncontrolled decomposition is
hazardous to the environment due to the production of methane and toxic materials. Solid
wastes are generated from the following operations:
The fruit and vegetable trimming, peeling and sorting.
Filtration of juice for pulp removal
Scrap at the workshops and garage
Domestic solid waste (garbage).
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 34
Mitigations:
Fruit and vegetable process wastes
Cleaning and preparation of raw fruit and vegetable in the farm will reduce the
amount of material, which has to be transported and which eventually have to be
disposed. If crop grading, trimming, selection, culling and inspection can take place
in the field, the amount of solid waste will be further reduced. A further advantage
to the producer is that these residues may be usefully employed in situ, as fertilizer
or animal feed.
The raw fruits and vegetables delivered to the plant may be damaged. The soft fruits
and the tomatoes are often bruised, crushed and rotting. In addition to costing due
to lost raw materials, these losses will also unnecessarily increase the pollution
load. Tainting of the final product may also occur.
In the context of growing concern over environmental pollution caused by
indiscriminate disposal of organic wastes such as fruit and vegetable processing
wastes, composting is an environmentally friendly process. The end product
obtained by composting can be added back into the soil as an organic fertilizer.
Organic waste should also be used in the production of animal feed.
Scrap
Scrap to be collected for selling as recyclable material.
Sludge
Effluent treatment processes also generate sludge besides solids. This sludge is
subject to putrefaction, malodorous and offensive. It can also be hazardous to health
by absorbing pathogens that multiply in this favorable medium and toxins. Raw
sludge is saturated with bound water, should be de-watered and disposed of
properly in sanitary landfills or in a pit dug for this purpose.
7.3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Impacts
The construction activities as well as operation and maintenance (O&M) activities at the
food processing units pose occupational health and safety (OHS) risks to the construction
workers and O&M staff respectively.
Mitigation
The installation/construction contractor will prepare and implement an OHS Plan to
address the occupation health and safety risks associated with the construction activities.
The Plan will include a) standard operating procedures to deal with each type of activity as
well as emergency situations such as fire, spillage of chemical/oils/fuels; b) defined roles
and responsibilities of the construction staff responsible for Plan implementation;
c) training and capacity building requirements; and d) documentation and reporting
mechanism.
A similar OHS Plan will be prepared for the processing unit O&M phase and will be an
integral part of the Unit’s Operational Manual. This Plan will be Unit- and site-specific
and address all OHS hazards associated with the Unit’s O&M. As a bare minimum, the
Plan will include a) standard operating procedures to deal with each type of O&M activity
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 35
as well as emergency situations such as fire, spillage of chemical/oils/fuels; b) defined roles
and responsibilities of the O&M staff responsible for Plan implementation; c) training and
capacity building requirements; and d) documentation and reporting mechanism.
7.3.5 Communication and Transparency
For establishing the post-harvest processing facilities, transparent and accessible guidelines
on the selection process will be established, and communicated widely to all farmers to
ensure that the selection process is seen as transparent and fair, and possible social conflict
is avoided.
Gender: Women constitute and key potential beneficiary group under the Project. Women
will be consulted in the implementation of the project’s intervention. Social mobilization
for WUAs will also include women. As part of monitoring, gender disaggregated data will
be collected and analyzed. The Project will use this data to fine tune its outreach to women.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 36
8. Environmental and Social Management Plan
The environmental and social management plan (ESMP) was developed to provide an
implementation mechanism for the mitigation measures identified during the original ESA.
The ESMP (Chapter 8 of the original ESA) also provides the organization structure for
the environmental and social management system during the project, and defines the roles
and responsibilities of various players. The ESMP includes a mitigation plan, a monitoring
plan, the communication and documentation requirements, and training needs, in the
context of the environmental and social management of the project.
8.1 Mitigation Checklists
The ESMP of the original ESA is fully applicable for the proposed expanded scope of the
project under except that the mitigation measures associated with Establishing and
Operating Post-harvest Processing Plants have also been included in the Mitigation
Checklists that are presented in Tables 8.1 to 8.5.
8.2 ESMP Compliance of Original Project
Overall performance of the safeguard compliance of the project has been moderately
satisfactory to satisfactory with some pending compensatory tree plantation being the only
key slow-compliance. An overview of the ESMP implementation of original project is
presented below.
8.2.1 Institutional Arrangements and Mitigation Measures
An Environment and Social Management Cell (ESMC) comprising of various
officers of Water Management Wing of Agriculture Department has been
established at provincial level for smooth implementation of environmental and
social management plan (ESMP) as per requirement of EPA and the World Bank.
The mitigation measures/ guidelines proposed in ESA for various project activities
have been notified among all District Officers (OFWM) for implementations as well
as inclusion in the documents to be signed with the water users associations/ farmers
for execution of project activities.
Four forms have been developed in the light of guidelines provided in the ESA
report for collection of primary data for various project activities i.e., Watercourse
Improvement, LASER Land Leveling, Drip Irrigation, and Sprinkler Irrigation.
Each activity is being reported by the field staff where the works are in progress.
All the parameters / mitigation measures, identified during Environmental and
Social Assessment (ESA), are being considered during implementation of ESMP to
ensure their compliance.
The guidelines provided in the ESMP have been shared with executing agencies
(water users associations, farmers, supply and service companies) for
implementation under the supervision of field staff to avoid/ minimize any negative
impact on soil, water, air, and people.
The ESMP envisages plantation of three plants against each tree felled in the
command of each scheme which is being generally followed with some pending
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 37
plantation in a few districts. Orders have been issued to expedite tree plantation in
these areas. In addition, efforts are being made to minimize tree cutting during
implementation of project activities. The field staff has been instructed to adopt the
guidelines in true spirit.
Necessary approvals for designs of the schemes and technical sanctions are being
sought from competent authority for execution of planned activities in order to
ensure execution of field activities according to approved standards and
specifications and minimize environmental & social impacts.
8.2.2 Environmental and Social Safeguard Monitoring
One Water Management Officer (WMO)/ Assistant Agricultural Engineer (AAE) has been
designated as district environmental and social coordinator (DESC) in each district to
supervise and coordinate with the Water Users Associations (WUAs) and farmers for
implementation of the environmental and social guidelines and fulfil other requirements
under ESMP. The DESC also maintains liaison and coordination with the ESMC at the
provincial level for smooth implementation of ESMP and timely submission of requisite
reports in this regard.
In addition, the Department has engaged a consortium of Mot McDonald Pakistan (MMP)
and Associated Consulting Engineers (ACE) as monitoring and evaluation (M&E)
consultants for the project. The consultants are also responsible for monitoring of ESMP
implementation. The M&E Consultants are producing periodic monitoring reports
highlighting the achievements and shortcomings recorded during construction activities
besides compliances and non-compliances of ESMP implementation.
For the expanded scope of work also, the above-described monitoring mechanism will be
employed. This will also include environmental and social safeguard monitoring of the
post-harvest processing facilities during construction as well as operation stages.
8.2.3 Documentation and Reporting
The Department’s field staff at district level has been preparing Monthly Environmental
Report (MEP) for sending to District Officer (Environment). Furthermore, project staff at
head quarter is preparing Quarterly Progress Report (QPR) for sending to the World Bank
regularly.
8.2.4 Environmental and Social Trainings and Awareness Raising Programme
The project proponent has also developed mechanism for training of field staff and so far
12 training courses have been conducted at Lahore, Multan and Chakwal for capacity
building related to implementation of ESMP. About 299 farmers filed days have also been
arranged at the farmers’ sites wherein information is also being passed on relating to the
environment activities. Furthermore, as per the Aide Memoire of 4th Implementation
Review Mission of the World Bank for PIPIP launched during September-October, 2014,
training is being focused on the ESMP implementation and environmental awareness and
seven courses have been conducted at WMTI Thokar Niaz Baig on ESMP implementation.
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8.3 The Key Lessons Learnt
The key lessons learnt during the ESMP implementation of the original project are listed
below.
The existing arrangements made by the Department to ensure ESMP compliance
during installation of HEIS and construction of watercourses by the field engineers
are working satisfactorily.
The adopted reporting mechanism of the department is also adequate and is serving
the purpose successfully.
There is some gap in the training of supervisors and other lower staff regarding
ESMP compliance, who spend most of their time with farmers and working force
during construction.
The laborers working on site especially during watercourses improvement are not
familiar with using personal protective equipment (PPEs), noise reduction
techniques and solid waste management.
The training component for farmers especially regarding safe usage of fertilizers
and pesticides needs further strengthening.
Compensatory tree plantation in a few districts is slow and the targeted plantation
has still not been completed.
8.4 Suggestion for Improvements
Induction of qualified environmentalist having additional experience in
Occupational Health and Safety at construction sites in the existing staff of the
Department at provincial level.
Additional vigorous efforts to be made by the proponent to arrange necessary
trainings to departmental lower staff in field offices and farmers especially to use
PPEs, operation of HEIS and to keep Water User Associations (WUA) active for
repair and maintenance after construction is required.
More stringent monitoring and supervision of the compensatory tree plantation.
Consultations with women in general and female farmers in particular will be
strengthened under the AF.
8.5 ESMPs for Food Processing Units
Section 7.3 presents generic environmental impacts and mitigation measures associated
with construction/installation and O&M activities of the food processing units. To
determine the site- and unit-specific environmental impacts and associated mitigation
measures, the project will conduct an environmental assessment of each food processing
unit and prepare a brief environmental and social management plan (ESMP). The ESMP
will need to be reviewed and cleared by the Bank before construction works can be initiated
on the respective Unit. The construction phase mitigation measures given in these ESMPs
will be included in the construction/installation contracts while the O&M phase mitigation
measures will be included in the Operational Manuals of the Units. The ESMPs will need
to include potential impacts and their mitigation measures, monitoring requirements,
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab
May 2016 39
reporting and documentation protocols, and training requirements. The format of the
ESMP is given in Annex C.
8.6 ESMP Implementation Cost
The cost of ESMP implementation over the project duration of four years has been
estimated to be PKR 16.6 million. This cost has been included in the overall project cost.
The breakdown of this estimate is provided below.
ESMP Implementation Budget
Description Cost (PKR) Notes/basis
Third party monitoring 6.0 million PKR 1.5 m per year
Trainings 3.6 million PKR 300,000 per
training; 12 trainings
Cost of preparing ESMPs
for Food Processing Units
5.0 million PKR 100,000 to 150,000
per ESMP
Miscellaneous expenses 2.0 million PKR 0.5 m per year
Total 16.6 million
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May 2016
Table 8.1: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Drip Irrigation
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Land use, land form, and/or land
take (particularly when the
schemes are to be implemented
in previously vacant areas)
The vacant area where orchard/cultivation farm is
to be established under the scheme should be
owned by the beneficiary.
WMO/OFWM
No involuntary resettlement will be allowed during
the project.
WMO/OFWM
It should be ensured that the local routes are not
blocked by such schemes.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Downstream water availability The project schemes particularly those involving
expansion of cultivation area will be established
ensuring no negative impacts on downstream
water users.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Soil erosion and topography The water ponds under the schemes will be
appropriately located and designed, addressing all
aspects including soil erosion, soil subsidence, and
seepage.
WMO/OFWM
The scheme design involving excavation of water
pond should include proper disposal of the surplus
soil (eg, for the embankment for the water pond
itself).
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Soil and water contamination Judicious use of the chemical inputs and use of
alternate techniques (such as integrated pest
management, using disease-resistant seeds, and
mulching) will be promoted through awareness
raising and capacity building initiatives.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 41
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Waste disposal guidelines will be included in the
design of the schemes. It will be ensured that no
waste or left over construction material is left
behind in the cultivation fields.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Salt built up in soil Soil testing will be carried out particularly in areas
where groundwater is used for irrigation.
Occasional flood irrigation should be considered if
salt built up is identified, particularly in areas
having little or scanty rainfall, and in soils having
poor drainage.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Impacts on natural flora and
fauna
If any trees are to be cut for scheme in a previously
vacant area, the farmer/scheme beneficiary will
carry out compensatory plantation of appropriate
indigenous tree species. Trees thus planted will be
at least three times the number of trees cut for
establishing the scheme.
Farmer
No schemes will be located inside any wildlife
protected areas (see Table 5.4 for the list of such
areas)
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Safety hazards/public health The awareness raising and capacity building
initiatives will also address the safe practices to
transport, store, handle, and apply the pesticides,
herbicides, and fertilizers.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The farm owners will provide necessary protective
gear to the workers handling and applying
pesticides and herbicides in the field.
Farmer
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 42
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Water ponds to have protective fencing. Farmer
The capacity building component will address
avoidance and cure of water borne and water
related diseases, particularly addressing mosquito
breeding in water ponds.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Damage to cultural heritage
(particularly when the schemes
are to be implemented in
previously vacant areas)
It should be ensured that no schemes are approved
inside or in the immediate vicinity of any cultural
heritage sites listed in Table 5.7 of original ESA.
WMO/OFWM
The schemes should not be located in graveyards
or shrine.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The ‘chance find’2 procures will be included in the
scheme agreements.
WMO/OFWM
Employment/contracting
opportunities
Local labor and local contractors will be preferred
to carry out the construction and operation
activities.
Farmer
Sustainability of schemes After-sales service will be ensured through
contractual clauses.
WMO/OFWM
_________________________ 2 ‘Chance find’ procedure: In case any artifact or site of archaeological, cultural, historical, or religious significance are discovered during activities such as excavation of water ponds, the works will
be stopped, and the Archaeological Department will be informed.
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 43
May 2016
Table 8.2: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Sprinkler Irrigation
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Land use, land form, and/or land
take (particularly when the
schemes are to be implemented
in previously vacant areas)
The vacant area where orchard/cultivation farm is
to be established under the scheme should be
owned by the beneficiary.
WMO/OFWM
No involuntary resettlement will be allowed during
the project.
WMO/OFWM
It should be ensured that the local routes are not
blocked by such schemes.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Downstream water availability The project schemes particularly those involving
expansion of cultivation area will be established
ensuring no negative impacts on downstream
water users.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Soil erosion and topography The water ponds under the schemes will be
appropriately located and designed, addressing all
aspects including soil erosion, soil subsidence, and
seepage.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The scheme design involving excavation of water
pond should include proper disposal of the surplus
soil (eg, for the embankment for the water pond
itself).
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Soil and water contamination Judicious use of the chemical inputs and use of
alternate techniques (such as integrated pest
management, using disease-resistant seeds, and
mulching) will be promoted through awareness
raising and capacity building initiatives.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Waste disposal guidelines will be included in the
design of the schemes. It will be ensured that no
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 44
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
waste or left over construction material is left
behind in the cultivation fields.
Salt built up in soil Soil testing will be carried out particularly in areas
where groundwater is used for irrigation.
Occasional flood irrigation should be considered if
salt built up is identified.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Impacts on natural flora and
fauna
If any trees are to be cut for scheme in a previously
vacant area, the farmer/scheme beneficiary will
carry out compensatory plantation of appropriate
indigenous tree species. Trees thus planted will be
at least three times the number of trees cut for
establishing the scheme.
Farmer
No schemes will be located inside any wildlife
protected areas (see Table 5.4 of original ESA) for
the list of such areas)
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Safety hazards/public health The awareness raising and capacity building
initiatives will also address the safe practices to
transport, store, handle, and apply the pesticides,
herbicides, and fertilizers.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The farm owners will provide necessary protective
gear to the workers handling and applying
pesticides and herbicides in the field.
Farmer
Water ponds will have protective fence around
them.
Farmer
The capacity building component will address
avoidance and cure of water borne and water
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 45
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
related diseases, particularly addressing mosquito
breeding in the water ponds..
Damage to cultural heritage
(particularly when the schemes
are to be implemented in
previously vacant areas)
It should be ensured that no schemes are approved
inside or in the immediate vicinity of any cultural
heritage sites listed in Table 5.7 of original ESA.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The schemes should not be located in graveyards
or shrine.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The ‘chance find’3 procures will be included in the
scheme agreements.
WMO/OFWM
Employment/contracting
opportunities
Local labor and local contractors will be preferred
to carry out the construction and operation
activities.
Farmer
Sustainability of schemes After-sales service will be ensured through
contractual clauses.
WMO/OFWM
_________________________ 3 ‘Chance find’ procedure: In case any artifact or site of archaeological, cultural, historical, or religious significance are discovered during activities such as excavation of water ponds, the works will
be stopped, and the Archaeological Department will be informed.
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 46
May 2016
Table 8.3: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Laser Land Leveling
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Soil and water contamination Judicious use of the chemical inputs and use of
alternate techniques (such as integrated pest
management, using disease-resistant seeds, and
mulching) will be promoted through awareness
raising and capacity building initiatives.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Air quality deterioration Tractors will be properly maintained and tuned to
minimize exhaust emissions, and proper fuel will
be used.
Farmer
Impacts on natural flora and
fauna
No schemes will be located inside any wildlife
protected areas (see Table 5.4 of original ESA)
for the list of such areas)
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Damage to cultural heritage
(particularly when the schemes
are to be implemented in
previously vacant areas)
It should be ensured that no schemes are approved
inside or in the immediate vicinity of any cultural
heritage sites listed in Table 5.7 of original ESA.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The schemes should not be located in graveyards
or shrine. WMO/OFWM;
farmer
The ‘chance find’4 procures will be included in
the scheme agreements. WMO/OFWM
Safety hazards/public health The awareness raising and capacity building
initiatives will also address the safe practices to
transport, store, handle, and apply the pesticides,
herbicides, and fertilizers.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
_________________________ 4 ‘Chance find’ procedure: In case any artifact or site of archaeological, cultural, historical, or religious significance are discovered during activities such as excavation of water ponds, the works will
be stopped, and the Archaeological Department will be informed.
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 47
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
The farm owners will provide necessary
protective gear to the workers handling and
applying pesticides and herbicides in the field.
Farmer
The capacity building component will address
avoidance and cure of water borne and water
related diseases.
WMO/OFWM;
farmer
Employment/contracting
opportunities
Local labor and local contractors will be preferred
to carry out the leveling activities. Farmer
Sustainability of schemes After-sales service will be ensured through
contractual clauses.
WMO/OFWM
Table 8.4: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Watercourse Improvement
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Land use, land form, and/or land
take
Land for the realigned water course should be
voluntarily donated by its owner, and proper
documentation should be completed for this
donation.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
The donation should be appropriately recorded in
the WUA register.
WUA
No involuntary resettlement will be allowed during
the project.
WMO/OFWM
It should be ensured that the local routes are not
blocked by such schemes.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 48
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Soil and water contamination Waste disposal guidelines will be included in the
design of the schemes. It will be ensured that no
waste or left over construction material is left
behind in the cultivation fields.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Judicious use of the chemical inputs and use of
alternate techniques (such as integrated pest
management, using disease-resistant seeds, and
mulching) will be promoted through awareness
raising and capacity building initiatives.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Soil erosion Earthen portion of the water course will not be left
un-compacted for long durations.
Surplus soil and silt will be disposed appropriately,
without having any impacts on water courses, local
routes, cultivation fields, or drains.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Conflicts Social mobilization and capacity building will
address formulation and sustainability of WUAs.
The capacity building will address conflict
avoidance and resolution.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Impacts on natural flora and
fauna
Cutting of trees would be restricted to only those
trees which cause restriction/hindrance in water
flow or civil works. If any trees are to be cut, the
WUA will carry out compensatory plantation of
appropriate indigenous tree species. Trees thus
planted should be at least three times the number of
trees cut for establishing the scheme.
WUA
No schemes will be located inside any wildlife
protected areas (see Table 5.4 of original ESA) for
the list of such areas)
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 49
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Damage to cultural heritage It should be ensured that no schemes are approved
inside or in the immediate vicinity of any cultural
heritage sites listed in Table 5.7 of original ESA.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
The schemes should not be located in graveyards
or shrine.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
The ‘chance find’5 procures will be included in the
scheme agreements.
WMO/OFWM
Safety hazards/public health The awareness raising and capacity building
initiatives will also address the safe practices to
transport, store, handle, and apply the pesticides,
herbicides, and fertilizers.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
The farm owners will provide necessary protective
gear to the workers handling and applying
pesticides and herbicides in the field.
WUA/farmers
The capacity building component will address
avoidance and cure of water borne and water
related diseases.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Employment/contracting
opportunities
Local labor and local contractors will be preferred
to carry out the construction and operation
activities.
WUA
Clogging of water courses Social mobilization and capacity building will
address formulation and sustainability of WUAs.
The capacity building will address proper
maintenance and care of water courses.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
_________________________ 5 ‘Chance find’ procedure: In case any artifact or site of archaeological, cultural, historical, or religious significance are discovered during activities such as excavation of water ponds, the works will
be stopped, and the Archaeological Department will be informed.
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 50
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Sustainability of scheme Social mobilization will address the sustainability
of WUAs, which in turn will ensure proper
operation and maintenance of water courses. In
particular, social mobilization and Wuas will
include women and monitor their views and any
impacts on them.
WMO/OFWM;
WUA
Table 8.5: Environmental and Social Guidelines – Establishing and Operaitng Post-harvest Processing Facilities (Additional Mitigation
Measures will be included in Unit-specific ESMP)
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
To prevent production from
contamination
The building used for fruit and vegetable processing should be
hygienically designed and easily cleaned.
Keep indoor temperature in summer +/- 25oc
A paneled ceiling should be fitted in processing and storage rooms.
All windows should be screened with mosquito mesh.
All walls, ceiling and floors should be painted with good quality white
emulsion paint
Floors should be thoroughly washed after each day’s production.
Samples of water should be periodically checked (e.g. once per year)
for contamination by micro-organisms
Water should be treated to remove micro-organisms.
Equipment should be thoroughly cleaned after each day’s production
Keep the area around the processing room clean and tidy. Keep grass
cut short.
Clean up any spillages as they occur.
Toilets should be separated from the processing area
Cleaning chemicals, stored away from the processing room.
Prevent all animals from entering the processing area or storerooms.
Farmer/OFWM/
MAIC
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Government of Punjab 51
May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
Visitors should only enter the processing room wearing protective
clothing and under supervision
Regular medical examination of all workers and other staff
Impact on air quality Keep the combustion temperature at a moderate value to minimize
particulate matter and nitrogen oxides.
Gases and steam leaks are minimized through maintenance and repair.
Freon should be replaced by another non-hazardous refrigerant.
Odor controls (such as absorbents/bio-filters on exhaust systems)
should be implemented where necessary to achieve acceptable odor
quality for nearby residents.
Farmer/OFWM
Impact of effluents Installation of product-capture system for filling machines may reduce
product losses.
Installation of screens and grates on the drains prevents solid waste to
reach the wastewater
Provide simple treatment options (sedimentation, coalescing plate
filters, etc.) to allow water to be recycled.
Implementation of a quality control system is recommended to
minimize waste.
Use dry methods such as vibration or air jets to clean raw fruits and
vegetables.
Install Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) unit to recover suspended
material.
Recover useful materials from the wastes, such as recovering oil from
skins and seeds.
Use countercurrent systems where washing is necessary.
Introduce controlled atmosphere packaging.
Farmer/OFWM
Impact of solid waste Cleaning and preparation of raw fruit and vegetable should be made
at farm level.
Put all wastes into bins that are not used for anything else. Empty the
bins periodically during the day away from the processing site.
Farmer/OFWM
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May 2016
Environmental and Social
Aspect
Mitigation Measures Responsibility Notes
The soft fruits and the tomatoes are often bruised, crushed and rotting.
The raw fruits and vegetables should be carefully delivered to the
plant. In addition to costing due to lost raw materials, these losses will
also unnecessarily increase the pollution load. Tainting of the final
product may also occur.
Composting of organic wastes is an environmentally friendly process.
The end product obtained by composting can be added back into the
soil as an organic fertilizer.
Organic waste should also be used in the production of animal feed.
Scrap may be collected and sold.
Raw sludge should be de-watered and disposed of in sanitary landfills.
Safety hazards/public health Prepare and implement Occupational Health and Safety Plan
Do not wear clothing or jewelry that can get caught in machinery
Keep ready First aid materials
Workers should be provided with thin gloves to prevent skin damage
from fruit acids
Aprons or coats and heat resistant gloves should be provided and staff
should be trained to handle large containers of viscous products at
boiling temperatures.
Staff should be properly trained to use machines safely, particularly
when cleaning them and workers should not wear clothes or jewelry
that could become tangled in moving equipment.
Farmer/OFWM
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 53
Annex A
Table of Contents of the Original ESA
Executive Summary
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Earlier Projects of Similar Nature
1.3 Project Proponent
1.4 Project Overview
1.5 ESA Study
1.5.1 Need of the Study
1.5.2 Study Objectives
1.5.3 Study Scope
1.5.4 Study Methodology
1.5.5 Study Team
1.6 Document Structure
2 Legislative, Regulatory, and Policy Framework
2.1 National Laws and Regulations
2.1.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997
2.1.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIA
Regulations, 2000
2.1.3 National Environmental Quality Standards
2.1.4 Land Acquisition Act, 1894
2.1.5 Punjab Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management)
Act, 1974
2.1.6 Forest Act, 1927
2.1.7 Canal and Drainage Act, 1873
2.1.8 Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority Act, 1997
2.1.9 Punjab On-Farm Water Management and Water Users’ Associations
Ordinance, 1981
2.1.10 Provincial Local Government Ordinances, 2001
2.1.11 Antiquity Act, 1975
2.1.12 Mines, Oil Fields and Mineral Development Act, 1948
2.1.13 Factories Act, 1934
2.1.14 Employment of Child Act, 1991
2.1.15 Pakistan Penal Code, 1860
2.2 The World Bank Operational Policies
2.2.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)
2.2.2 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12)
2.2.3 Forestry (OP 4.36)
2.2.4 Natural Habitat (OP 4.04)
2.2.5 Pest Management (OP 4.09)
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 54
2.2.6 Safety of Dams (OP 4.37)
2.2.7 Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50)
2.2.8 Cultural Property (OP 4.11)
2.2.9 Indigenous People (OP 4.10)
2.2.10 Projects in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60)
2.2.11 Applicability of Safeguard Policies
2.3 Obligations under International Treaties
2.4 Institutional Setup for Environmental Management
2.5 Environmental and Social Guidelines
2.5.1 Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental and Social Guidelines
2.5.2 World Bank Environmental and Social Guidelines
3 Project Description
3.1 Project Background
3.2 Project Objectives
3.3 Project Beneficiaries
3.4 Project Components
3.4.1 Component A: Installation of High Efficient Irrigation Systems
3.4.2 Component B: Upgrading of Community Irrigation Systems
3.4.3 Component C: Improved Agriculture Technology/Practices and
Monitoring and Evaluation
3.4.4 Component D: Project Management, Supervision, Technical Assistance,
Training and Strategic Studies
3.5 Project Institutional and Implementation Arrangements
3.6 Description of Project Activities
3.6.1 Drip Irrigation
3.6.2 Sprinkler Irrigation
3.6.3 Laser Land Leveling
3.6.4 Water Course Improvement
4 Project Alternatives
4.1 No-project Alternative
4.2 Alternative Irrigation Methods
4.3 Alternative Land Leveling Methods
4.4 Alternative Methods of On-farm Water Conservation
4.5 Alternative Methods of Implementing the Proposed Initiatives
5 Environmental and Socioeconomic Profile
5.1 Location
5.2 Physical Environment
5.2.1 Geography
5.2.2 Geology and Seismology
5.2.3 Soil Morphology
5.2.4 Meteorology, Climate, and Air Quality
5.2.5 Surface Water Resources
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5.2.6 Groundwater
5.3 Forests, Habitat, and Ecologically Sensitive Areas
5.3.1 Protected Areas
5.4 Socioeconomic Profile
5.4.1 Demographic Profile
5.4.2 Economy
5.4.3 Land Use / Agricultural Profile
5.4.4 Cultural Heritage
5.5 Environmental Hotspots
6 Stakeholder Consultations
6.1 Objectives
6.2 Participation Framework
6.3 Stakeholder Identification
6.4 Consultation Process
6.5 Consultations with Institutional Stakeholders
6.6 Grass Root Stakeholders Consultations
7 Impact Assessment
7.1 Positive Impacts
7.2 Environmental Screening
7.3 Assessment of Potential Impacts and Mitigation
7.3.1 Subproject Siting (Land Use, Landform, and Land Take)
7.3.2 Loss of Precious Ecological Values
7.3.3 Conflicts in Water Supply Rights
7.3.4 Disruption of Local Routes
7.3.5 Soil Erosion and Topography
7.3.6 Loss of Soil Productivity
7.3.7 Reduced Groundwater Recharge
7.3.8 Soil and Water Contamination
7.3.9 Impacts on Women, Children, Vulnerable Groups, and Indigenous People
7.3.10 Noise and Vibration
7.3.11 Air Quality
7.3.12 Water Consumption and Availability of Water in Downstream Areas
7.3.13 Clogging of Water Courses
7.3.14 Water Borne and Water-related Diseases
7.3.15 Safety Hazards and Public Health
7.3.16 Influx of Workers and Employment
7.3.17 Impacts on Natural Flora and Fauna
7.3.18 Grazing
7.3.19 Damage to Infrastructure
7.3.20 Sustainability of Interventions
8 Environmental and Social Management Plan
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8.1 ESMP Objectives
8.2 ESMP Components
8.3 Institutional Setup and Responsibilities
8.4 Environmental and Social Guidelines
8.5 Environmental and Social Monitoring
8.6 Environmental and Social Trainings and Awareness Raising
8.7 Grievance Redressal Mechanism
8.8 Documentation and Reporting
8.9 ESMP Implementation Budget
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Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
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Annex B
Participants of the Stakeholder Meetings
Name Father Name Contact No.
96-9-L Tehsil/District: Sahiwal Water Course Lining
1 Hafiz Ali Taj Hussain 0345-6601919
2 Ghulam Hussain M. Taj 0345-7455870
3 Mansab Ali Noor. M -
4 Shamand Khan Sardara -
5 Hakim Jamal Din 0340-1121427
6 M. Abbas M. Ismail 0300-6919714
7 M. Ghafoor Abdul Majid -
8 Zawar Allah Yar -
9 M. Abbas Ghulam Muhammad 0348-4051096
10 Saadi Ahmad M. Shaban 0345-7459696
11 Pervaiz Alam Alam Khan 0342-0237365
12 Hussain Raza Mapal Khan 0345-1437574
Twelewali Tehsil/District: Pindi Bhattian , Hafizabad
1 Shahid Nawaz M. Shareef 0345-8870451
2 Safdar Hussain Nazar Hussain 0345-0614781
3 Sohail Abbas Mumtaz 0345-3637844
4 Nadeem Abbas Mumtaz 0345-2301361
5 Azhar Abbas Mumtaz Hussain 0300-4426834
6 Zulfiqar Ali M. Khan 0343-1297857
7 Abdul Qayyum Saif Ali 0303-4033834
8 Asim Ali Mazullah 0341-5834119
9 Shoaib Abbas Iftikhar Hussain 0301-2487118
10 Qaisar Zulfiqar 0306-6208810
11 Yasir Arfat Zulfiqar Ali 0343-1297805
12 Khurram Safdar Hussain 0345-0614781
Chak No 248 Tehsil/District:Gojra / Toba Tek Singh
1 Muhammad Shakeel Muhammad Itique 0345-7572248
2 M. Kareem Lal Din -
3 M. Ramzan Abdul Sattar 0321-0757478
105- Rb Tehsil/District: Jaranwala/ Faisalabad
1 Iftikhar Ahmad Muhammad Saleem 0301-3206076
2 M. Rayasat Zahid Khan -
3 Yasir Nasir Nasir Ahmed 0345-7925101
187-Jb Tehsil/District: Bhawna/ Chiniot
1 Mubashar Khan Ahmed Baksh 0345-796671
2 Ayub Ahmed Khan 0344-7928202
3 Aurangzeb Allah Baksh 0345-6817252
4 Mohsin Ali Ghulam Muhammad 0344-7667187
5 Toqeer Abbas M. Khan 0344-7812809
6 Asim Raza Muhammad Ali 0321-7776838
7 Haq Nawaz Lal Khan 0341-6760560
8 M. Faisal Mumtaz Hussain 0300-7980962
9 Faiz Ahmed Sardood Ahmed 0345-6354720
Chak Liaqat/ Moza Wali Motel Mal Tehsil/District: Lodhran
1 Rao Mushtaq M. Shafiq 0345-8773857
2 Manzoor Ahmaed Iman Baksh 0346-2575472
3 Khalil Ahmed Qadir Baksh
4 Sadar Ali Imam Baksh 0344-6162527
5 Safdar Hussain M. Alyas 0345-3902157
6 Sadar Allah Rakha 0340-6512890
7 Rao Sabir Lal Khan 0342-7924534
8 Altaf Hussain M. Sharif 0344-3067279
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 58
Name Father Name Contact No.
9 M. Iqbal Malil Sharo
10 Abdul Sattar Shah Muhamamd 0342-7349796
11 Ghulam Farid M. Ali 0306-4415298
12 M. Saleem M. Anwar 0342-79269240
13 M. Aslam Qatab Din
14 Gulzar Rehmatullah
Moza Meeran Pur Tehsil/District: Lodhran
1 Haji Shahzad Ghuma Muhamamd 0346-7342009
2 M. Etran Nazar Ali 0345-8795109
3 Nasrullah Abdul Rehman 0342-3827172
4 Fida Hussain Khajo 0313-6677266
5 M. Farooq Umer Ali 0300-7382763
6 Imam Baksh Jam Roshan Jutt
7 Abdul Khaliq Ghulam Qadir 0306-6945503
8 M. Aslam Peer Baksh
9 M. Yousaf M. Yaqoob 0300-6305212
10 Abdul Khaliq M. Sharif 0343-5500315
11 Allah Baksh Faiz Bakash
12 M . Sajid M . Alla Dita 0345-7224033
13 Imam Baksh Noor Muhamamd
Village: Qasba Aawal Tehsil/District: Multan
1 M. Yaqoob Allah Wasaya 0307-7461464
2 M. Haneef Haji Ahmad Yar 0307-7461004
3 M. Sharif M . Nawaz
4 Nazakat Nawaz Rab Nawaz 0303-6348911
5 M. Abbas M . Shareef 0306-7442883
6 M . Tariq M . Sajid
7 M . Akram Sami Khan 0304-4883647
8 Haji Yousaf Mashooq Ali
9 M . Iqbal Allah Ditta 0307-8166677
10 Haji M . Haneef H. Noor Muhammad 0305-2786756
11 Khalid Latif Altaf Hussain 0300-7604542
12 M . Ikram M . Haneef 0305-7604542
13 M . Baksh M . Manzoor 0302-7660090
Village: Raja Ram Tehsil/District: Shujabad / Multan
1 Irfan Ahmed Subhan Khan 0301-8371147
2 M . Yousaf Rahim Baksh 0301-4984754
3 M . Akram Ghulam Hussain 0305-6577117
4 M . Shareef Mehar Pathana
5 Ghulam Nabi Chowly Khan 0301-2458896
6 M . Irfan Serwar Shah 0305-5842502
7 Manzoor Hussain Rahim Baksh 0300-7313975
8 Mureed Hussain Nor Muhammad
9 M. Islam Ghulam Hussain
10 Ghulam Yasin Malik Ranjo 0342-8838522
11 M. Amin Meher Din
12 Malik Sajjad Allah Baksh 0307-7447993
Village: Kot Baksha Tehsil/District: Pak Pattan
1 Pir Riaz Ahmed Pir Ali Ahmad 0301-7363492
2 Pir M. Zaman Pir M . Abbas 0301-7279075
3 Syed Zaman Shah Pir . Afzal Shah 0347-8891128
4 Syed Munir Shah Ghulam Shah
5 Hafiz Usman M . Abbas 0345-1607084
6 Azam Ali Manzoor Ahmad 0300-5285262
7 M . Shahid Ghulam Ali 0304-3536668
8 Pir Shah Nawaz Pir Ali Ahmad 0300-8327253
Village: Falak Sher Chisti Tehsil/District: Bahawalnagar / Bin
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 59
Name Father Name Contact No.
1 M. Ramzan Hafiz M. Yar 0301-4084794
2 Maqbool Ahmad Shah Muhammad 0302-6521875
3 Khalid Zahoor Ahmed 0344-0131215
4 Abdul Aziz M. Shrief -
5 Ismail Imam Baksh 0305-2284580
6 Hafiz Allah Yar M. Yar
7 M. Yar Hafiz Ahmed Yar
Village: Falak Sher Chisti Tehsil/District: Bhawalnagar / Bin
1 M. Ramzan Hafiz M. Yar 0301-4084194
2 Maqbool Ahmed Shah Muhammad 0302-654875
3 Khalid Zahoor Ahmed 0344-1031251
4 Abdul Aziz M. Sharif
5 Ismail Imam Baksh 0305-2284580
6 M. Yar Hafiz Ahmed Yar
Village: Kot Bakhsa Tehsil/District: Pak Pattan
1 Pir Riaz Ahmed Pir Ali Ahmed 0301-7363492
2 Pir M. Zaman Pir M Abbas 0301-7279075
3 Syed Zaman Pir Afzal 0347-8891128
4 Syed Munir Shah Ghulam Shah
5 Hafiz Usman M. Abbas 0345-1607084
6 Azam Ali Manzoor Ahmed 0300-5285262
7 M. Shahid Ghulam Ali 0304-3536668
8 Pir Shah Nawaz Pir Ali Ahmad 0300-8327253
Village: Kot Asaish Tehsil/District: Wazirabad, Gujranwala
1 Javaid Iqbal Murad Ali 0346-6256752
2 Karamat Ali Ghulam Rasool 0341-4917489
3 Irfan Ahmed M. Hussain 0343-6066441
4 Zafar Ullah Sultan Aslam 0345-6452401
5 Zeeshan Ali M. Malik 0344-8420305
6 Hassan Bilal Zafarullah 0345-6454015
7 Shahid Usama Amanat Ali 0342-4695645
8 Akram Ali M . Ramzan 0346-7536217
Village:6 – Ir Tehsil/District: Haroonabad / Bhawalnagar
1 Habib Ullah Saif Ur Rehman 0342-7029906
2 M . Aslam M ., Khan 0345-7071739
3 Akram Hussain Hussain Ahmed 0302-8722315
4 M . Ashraf M . Sadiq 0302-7542506
5 Shahzad Aslam M . Aslam 0302-7915539
6 M . Ramzan M . Alam 0307-6721715
Mehrook Kalan Tehsil/District: Depalpur/Okara
1 Rana Shahbaz Ali M . Anwar 0345-7548170
2 Ch , M Ashraf M. Husain 0345-4623219
3 Abdul Majeed M. Mushtaq 0343-4411980
4 M . Rafique M . Din 0347-5815981
5 Khursheed Ahmed 0343-0467860
6 M . Iqbal 0342-6043127
7 Abdul Rasheed M .Mushtaq 0342-6723484
8 Talib Hussain Roshan Din 0303-4960086
9 Abdul Razzaq M . Din
10 Nor Muhamamd Sardar Ali
11 Jaffar Ali Hasham Ali
Mitha Khan Tehsil/District: Khushab
1 M. Altaf Abdul Samad 0345-4050388
2 Amir Usman M . Usman 0300-3967489
3 Abdul Rehman Allah Ditta 0308-6395594
4 M . Yaqoob Rizwan Ahmed 0302-8795310
5 M. Jaffar Karim Ullah 0301-6990614
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 60
Name Father Name Contact No.
6. Ghulam Muhammad Mujtaba Ahmed 0301-6758596
7. Haji Altaf Nazak Muhammad 0300-5200681
Village: 54-Tda Tehsil/District: Bhakkar
1 Haji Abdul Sattar Jewan 0333-6847826
2 M. Akram Bota 0331-8795399
3 Haji M Afzal Hussain Baksh 0333-8055039
4 M. Riaz M . Nawaz 0332-7619440
5 M. Nawaz Malik Gamooon 0453-510910
6 Ashfaq 0333-4208527
7 M . Imran M . Hussain 0302-7962249
Village: Phesay Tehsil/District: Phalia/ M. B. Din
1 Zulfiqar Ahmed Ahmed Ali 0342-0048673
2 Saif ghulam qadir Riaz Ahmed 0310-6541207
3 Azhak iqbal Muhamamd Iqbal 0341-4570012
4 M. Afzal Allah Dita 0305-6277355
5 Imran Khan Akram Khan 0307-7573533
6 M. nazir Anwar 0308-6865871
7 M. Aslam M. Ali 0300-7562798
8 Khalid hussain Allah Dad 0333-8042207
9 Mubashir ali Shamsher Ali 0333-8900944
Village: Hafiz Wala Tehsil/District: Piplan/ Mianwali
1 Mushtaq ahmed Allah Ditta 0308-8760324
2 Tariq mahmood Ahmed Noor 0306-7010511
3 Nasrullah awan Rab Nawaz 0344-7766786
4 Malikk amir Ahmed 0342-6895401
5 Ijaz ahmed Haji Iqbal 0300-6083943
6 Nasir mehmood Ahmed Noor 0306-2445216
7 Irfan Faizullah 0346-7596036
8 M. ikram Usman 0301-4527116
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 61
Annex C
Methodology and Structure of Environmental and Social Management Plans
Suggested Methodology
The subproject-specific ESMPs will be prepared using the standard methodology, as
briefly listed below.
Scoping – studying the subproject details and preparing long list of potential issues and
concerns
Site survey and data collection – recording the key environmental and social aspects of
the area, identifying any environmental/social hot spots or key concerns, carrying out
consultations with the community.
Screening – on the basis of the above, short listing the key concerns and potential impacts
of the subproject on environment and people.
Impact assessment – assessing the significance of each potential impact and identifying
appropriate mitigation measures. Assessment of cumulative impacts of a cluster of
subprojects (ie, food processing units).
ESMP compilation – documenting the process and outcome of the study. The ESMP
structure is discussed below.
Suggested ESMP Structure
The ESMP will follow the standard structure as given below.
Introduction, including background, a brief description of the Project, an overview of the
relevant legal and policy framework
A simplified description of the subproject (food processing unit), including its layout and
location, resource requirements, wastes to be generated, manpower requirement, a brief
description of construction activities, and a brief description of operation and maintenance
activities.
Baseline description, primarily describing the proposed site and its immediate surrounding
aided with maps, photographs and schematics, key environmental and social
aspects/resources of the surroundings such as land form and land use, land ownership,
water resources, settlements, any critical habitat or protected area, any cultural heritage
sites or graveyards, any sensitive receptor such as schools and hospitals, access routes,
and other relevant details.
Stakeholder consultations, recording the key concerns and suggestions of the community
regarding the subproject and its potential impacts, and a description of the way these
concerns will be addressed.
Mitigation plans, listing all the impacts, their mitigation measures, assigning responsibility
of implementing these measures, and also assigning responsibility for monitoring. Also
identifying cumulative impacts if applicable.
Monitoring plan, describing the monitoring requirements, frequency, and responsibility of
conducting the monitoring.
ESA Addendum
Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project (PIPIP)
Directorate General Agriculture (Water Management), Agriculture Department, Government of Punjab
May 2016 62
Training plan, describing the training requirements, contents, frequency, training
recipients, and responsibility of conducting these trainings.
Documentation and reporting, describing the requirement, frequency, and responsibility of
documentation and reporting.
ESMP implementation budget, providing the cost estimate of its implementation.