Section 8.2 Types of Chemical Reactions
Combination ReactionsDecomposition Reactions
Single-Replacement ReactionsDouble-Replacement Reactions
Combustion Reactions(complete and incomplete)
Please turn to page 3 in your Note Pack, and have your Periodic Table available as a resource.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
A. What is a combination reaction? (sometimes called a synthesis reaction or composition reaction)
Two or more substances combine to form a single substance.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
B. Write a general equation for a combination reaction:
A + B AB
There are some ways we can remember these reactions and how to predict their products.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their _____________ ___________ to figure out the product.
(forms an ionic compound called a ___________)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
(forms an ionic compound called a ___________)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Ox. #’s are the possible charges an element CAN potentially get (O = -2; Al = +3; Cu = +2 or +3)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions… (Fill in examples)
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Example: Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions… (Fill in examples)
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Example: Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
K K (s)(s) + Cl + Cl22 (g)(g)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions… (Fill in examples)
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Example: Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
K K (s)(s) + Cl + Cl22 (g)(g) K K++ Cl Cl--
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions… (Fill in examples)
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Example: Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
K K (s)(s) + Cl + Cl22 (g)(g) KCl KCl …but it’s not balanced yet.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions… (Fill in examples)
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.(forms an ionic compound called a formula unit)
Example: Potassium metal reacts with Chlorine gas
2K 2K (s)(s) + Cl + Cl22 (g)(g) 2KCl 2KCl (s)(s)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
Next Example: Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
Ni + ONi + O22
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
Next Example: Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
Ni + ONi + O22 Ni Ni+2+2 + O + O-2-2
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
4 Good things to know about combination reactions…
1 When a metal combines with a nonmetal, use their oxidation numbers to figure out the product.
Next Example: Nickel (II) reacts with Oxygen gas
2Ni + O2Ni + O22 Ni Ni+2+2 + O + O-2-2 2NiO2NiO
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out the product based on oxidation numbers
There could be a number of possible combinations for these molecules.
(forms a molecule and therefore we must rely on observation to predict product)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out the product based on oxidation numbers
There could be a number of possible combinations for these molecules.
(forms a molecule and therefore we must rely on observation to predict product)
Example: Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
2 When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out the product based on oxidation numbers
There could be a number of possible combinations for these molecules.
(forms a molecule and therefore we must rely on observation to predict product)
Example: Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
ClCl22 + Br + Br22
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
2 When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out the product based on oxidation numbers
There could be a number of possible combinations for these molecules.
(forms a molecule and therefore we must rely on observation to predict product)
Example: Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
ClCl22 + Br + Br22 Cl Cl33BrBr5 (not balanced, yet)5 (not balanced, yet)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
2 When two nonmetals combine, you cannot figure out the product based on oxidation numbers
There could be a number of possible combinations for these molecules.
(forms a molecule and therefore we must rely on observation to predict product)
Example: Chlorine gas reacts with bromine gas to produce trichlorine pentabromide solid.
3 Cl3 Cl22 + 5 Br + 5 Br22 2 Cl 2 Cl33BrBr5 (now its balanced)5 (now its balanced)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
Examples might include:
N2O5 P2O5 SO3
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
Start by writing the H first (that’s what makes it
an acid), and end with the O.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
(start with the H and end with the O)
Example: Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid. (start with the H and end with the O)
Example: Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water
SOSO22 (g)(g) + H + H22O O ((ll))
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
(start with the H and end with the O)
Example: Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with water
SOSO22 (g)(g) + H + H22O O ((ll)) H H22SOSO33 (aq)(aq) , , sulfurous acidsulfurous acid
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.
(start with the H and end with the O)
Next Example: Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas reacts with water
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.(start with the H and end with the O)
Next Example: Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas reacts with water
NN22OO55 (g)(g) + H + H22O O ((ll)) ??? ???
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it will produce an Acid.(start with the H and end with the O)
Next Example: Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide gas reacts with water
NN22OO55 (g)(g) + H + H22O O ((ll)) HH22NN22OO66 = 2HNO = 2HNO33Empirical formula
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will produce a Base.
Remember [H2O = H+ OH-]
Examples of metal oxides include:
Copper (II) oxide CuO
Aluminum oxide Al2O3
Sodium oxide Na2O
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will produce a Base.
(start with the metal and end with hydroxide, OH-)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will produce a Base.
(start with the metal and end with hydroxide, OH-)
Example: Sodium oxide reacts with water.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will produce a Base.
(start with the metal and end with hydroxide, OH-)
Example: Sodium oxide reacts with water.
NaNa22O O (s)(s) + H + H22O O ((ll)) ??????
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
• When a metal oxide reacts with water, it will produce a Base.
(start with the metal and end with hydroxide, OH-)
Example: Sodium oxide reacts with water.
NaNa22O O (s)(s) + H + H22O O ((ll)) 2NaOH 2NaOH (aq)(aq)
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Now its your turn…With a neighbor, work through the following.
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
1 Beryllium metal reacts with oxygen gas
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
1 Beryllium metal reacts with oxygen gas
Be + O2 Be+2 + O-2 2BeOBalanced, it looks like this…
2Be + O2 2BeO
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
2 Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with water
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
2 Gaseous dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with water
N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 = 2HNO3Empirical formula
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
3 Nitrogen gas reacts with lumps of sulfur to produce trinitrogen monosulfide.
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
3 Nitrogen gas reacts with lumps of sulfur to produce trinitrogen monosulfide.
3N2 (g) + 2S (s) 2N3S
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
4 Chunks of Calcium oxide is dropped into water
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
4 Chunks of Calcium oxide is dropped into water
CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
5 Aluminum metal rusts
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Practice Examples: Write the balanced equations for the following combinations…
5 Aluminum metal rusts
Al + O2 Al+3 + O-2 Al2O3Balanced, it looks like this,
4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3
8.2 Types of ReactionsCOMBINATION REACTIONS
Please use your notes, and really focus on the Helpful Hints as you predict the products of the Combination Reactions.