Pagan Location: along the Irrwaddy River, Myanmar.
Slide 4
Pagan Achievements Controlled fertile rice growing lands.
Rulers rich and powerful Buddhist missionaries.
Slide 5
Vietnam: Eastern part of mainland peninsula, South of China,
along the Red River Delta
Slide 6
Vietnam Location
Slide 7
Vietnamese Achievements Freed 65 towns from the Chinese Chinese
culture influenced art, poetry, and customs and language. Confucian
philosophy. Independence in 939 AD from China.
Slide 8
Khmer Kingdom Cambodia, Mekong River Delta
Slide 9
Khmer Achievements One of the most powerful kingdoms of SE
Asia. Created a writing system. Lived in large cities because of
successful farming Golden Age Contact through Indian trade
(cultural diffusion). Built temples Engineers built water systems,
canals, and reservoirs.
Slide 10
Tai Kingdoms- Thailand
Slide 11
Tai Kingdom Achievements Expanded through fighting the Mongols.
Created a capital. New dynasty with Bangkok as their capital People
still recognize the royal family. Never imperialized by European
power.
Slide 12
Island Empires
Slide 13
Island Empires Achievements Profited from the Spice trade
Controlled the Strait of Malaca. Worshipped Hindi gods.
Slide 14
Patterns of Life in SE Asia and Imperialism Religions/Belief
Systems Animism- all things on Earth have spirits Hinduism- from
India Buddhism- From India and China Islam Majority religion in
Malaysia and Indonesia Christianity Majority of Filipinos are
Catholic- brought by the Spanish.
Slide 15
Economics Rice major food. Wet rice farming Dry rice farming
Fishing very important Most villages are located along or next to
rivers
Slide 16
Social life Men superior to women. In Vietnam, women could
choose who they married.
Slide 17
European Influence- Imperialism in Southeast Asia What is
imperialism? 1500s- Portuguese were the first to explore SE Asia.
Began trading for spices. SPICE ISLANDS Europeans were jealous of
the Arab traders getting rich off of these islands.
Slide 18
1700s-1800s: More European countries show interest in SE Asia.
Wanted tea, sugar, coffee, raw materials for industrial
revolution
Slide 19
The Dutch in Java Effects
Slide 20
British in Malaya Effects
Slide 21
Vietnam Effects
Slide 22
Cambodia
Slide 23
Laos Effects
Slide 24
Philippines Effects
Slide 25
A New Political Map Growing Nationalism Nationalism= Japan took
over most of SE Asia during WWII. At first, people were happy to be
rid of European powers. Then, Japanese turned on the people of SE
Asia. Tortured and killed civilians, exploited their resources for
the war and burned down Buddhist monasteries. SE Asian Nationalists
fought back. By 1945, many were well-armed, experienced guerilla
fighters.
Slide 26
Slide 27
After Japans Defeat in WWII Peaceful Transitions U.S. gives the
Philippines independence in 1946. Britain gives up Burma. Malaya
Took the name Malaysia in 1963. Indonesia Dutch fought to regain
control of Indonesia. Indochina French fight to regain control
Slide 28
Challenges for New Nations Little experience with self-rule
because of colonization. Unifying diverse populations was a
challenge. Economic problems
Slide 29
Philippines Income inequality from Spanish rule. Encomienda
system: Huk rebellion. Huks=communists. Fought the government U.S.
helped squash the rebellion.
Slide 30
Huk Rebellion
Slide 31
Cold War Following WWI, Vietnamese nationalists pushed for more
independence from France. Ho Chi Minh emerged as the leader of the
independence movement in Vietnam. Goals: build a communist
government and win independence. Ho and the nationalists fought
against the Japanese in WWII. After WWII, tried to expel the French
from Vietnam. For 8 years, they fought the French.
Slide 32
Ho Chi Minh
Slide 33
Vietnam Soviet Union and China supported Ho and his
nationalists because he was a communist. United States supported
the French because they did not want Vietnam to fall to communism=
domino theory. France withdrew from Indochina in 1954. Communists
now controlled North Vietnam. A non-communist government was set up
in South Vietnam led by Ngo Dinh Diem
Slide 34
Slide 35
Vietnam War Diem was supported by the U.S. Underground group of
communists in the South called the Viet Cong or VC tried to
overthrow Diem. Diem assassinated in 1963
Slide 36
Slide 37
Vietnam War US starts sending special military advisers into
Vietnam in 1963. Ho responds by secretly sending North Vietnamese
troops into the south through Laos and Cambodia. 1964- two American
patrol ships are attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin. Congress passes
the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution- gave President LBJ the power to use
force in Vietnam.
Slide 38
Slide 39
Vietnam War US sends 500,00 troops. Viet Cong continue to fight
effectively- backed by USSR and China. War spread to Laos and
Cambodia along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Americans leave Vietnam in
1975 and the south fell to the Viet Cong. U.S. cut off supply and
trade and Vietnams economy suffered for decades.
Slide 40
Slide 41
Slide 42
Tragedy in Cambodia After fall of Saigon, Cambodia falls to the
Khmer Rogue and Pol Pot. Khmer Rouge= communists. Pol Pot sets out
to expel all foreigners from Cambodia. Forced people out of the
cities and into the countryside Many died of starvation.
Slide 43
Slide 44
Khmer Rouge
Slide 45
Genocide in Cambodia Pol Pot sought to kill anyone who did not
agree with his communist party. During his reign, 2 out of 7
million Cambodians were systematically murdered= genocide. Pol Pot
was overthrown by Vietnamese and Cambodian forces in 1979.
Slide 46
The Killing Fields
Slide 47
Pol Pot Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K1_foA2mvTw
Slide 48
Aftereffects of the War (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos) Killed
millions of SE Asians Destroyed roads, bridges, and irrigation
systems. Chemicals used by the U.S. destroyed trees and plants.
Many refugees left Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia to settle in Thailand
and Hong Kong.