Science & Exploration
Scientific Revolution• Roger Bacon: it’s ok to experiment w/ science! (1200s)• Scientific Method: math, instruments, & experiments
Scientific Revolution• Copernicus: heliocentric theory (1543)• Ptolemy’s geocentric model had previously prevailed
Science
• Johannes Kepler• Proved Copernicus right w/ math
Science• Galileo Galilei• Telescope!• Inquisition w/ Church (1632)
• Guilty of heresy, forced to recant
Science• Isaac Newton• Laws of GRAVITY and MOTION
Science – the body• Vesalius: Studied human body• Harvey: Blood circulation
Science - philosophy• Descartes: “Cogito ergo sum”
• “I think, therefore I am”
• Dualism of mind and body• Moral philosophy: free will
Science• Francis Bacon: Scientific Method• Boyle: chemistry & gases
Exploring
• Improved mapmaking• Compass invented• Caravel replaces old ship designs• Commercial Revolution• International trade/banking• Joint-stock companies• Monarchs support exploration
Mercantilism• Country should increase wealth any way possible• Colonies established• Usually could only buy from home country
• Tariffs (taxes) on imports• Government subsidizes business ventures• Myths of wealth drive exploration (El Dorado)