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SAP ITS 6.20 on LINUX: Inst a l lat ion,Adm in is t ra t ion, Sec ur i ty , and Tun ing
Arno EsserSAP AG
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Learning Object ives
As a resu l t o f t h is w ork shop, you w i l l be ab let o :
Understand the concepts of SAP ITS
Install an ITS 6.20 with multiple virtual instances
Configure and loadbalance your ITS landscape
Administer your ITS server
Tune your ITS instances
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Agenda
Introduction1
1
Web Servers & Platform Matrix2
2
SAP ITS Installation3
3
SAP ITS Administration & Configuration4
4
Additional Information5
5
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SAP Sys tem & The Web
Intranet
Browser
Browser
GUI
PC
PC
Internet
Web
Server
Browser
Browser
Browser
ITS
Firewall
SAP System
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SAP Internet Transact ion Server
Ext ends t he reach o f SAP Sys tems in to t he Web
Maps SAP screens to HTML, WML or similar web formats Using web transfer protocol HTTP(S)
Dr ives t ransact ions w i th in t he SAP Syst em or c a l ls
func t ion modu les , BAPIs , e tc . in the backend sys tem
Application Server sees a SAP GUI for Windows
Separat ion o f Bus iness Log ic and V isua l Appearanc e
Dow nward compa t ib le (tow ards ITS and Web Appl i ca t i on
Server re l eases)
ITS 6.20 can be used to access SAP products based on SAP WebApplication Server releases 6.20 and below. ITS 6.10 and 4.6D C4 can
be used to connect to SAP products based on SAP Basis 4.6D andbelow.
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H ow t o of f er a Servi c e on t he We b?
SAP System
Web Server
AGate
Service FilesService descriptionHTML Templates
Language ResourceFiles
Flow Files
SAP ITS
ApplicationABAPDynpro Screens
Customization
Web Browser
Inside SAP SystemBusiness Logic
WGate
MIME FilesImagesStylesheets
JavascriptsMultimedia
ABAP
Workbench
Outside SAP SystemHTML Visualization
SAP@WebStudio or
ABAP
Workbench
SAP@WebStudio or
ABAP
Workbench
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SAP Internet
Application Component
BAPI
SAP Data
SAP System
ITS Arch i tec t u re Deta i l s
Browser
WGate
Web Server
User Request
User RequestSend Prepared
Request
Send PreparedRequest
Input
Input
Output
Output
HTML Page
HTML Page
Call WGate
Call WGate
LoadService File
LoadService File
HTMLTemplates
HTML Pag
e
HTML Page
AGate
LoadHTML Templates / Flow Files
LoadHTML Templates / Flow Files
FlowFiles
ServiceFiles
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Agenda
Introduction11
Web Servers & Platform Matrix22
SAP ITS Installation33
SAP ITS Administration & Configuration44
Additional Information55
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Web Server software
Listens on a specific TCP port for requests Replies to HTTP requests from HTTP clients
Can only send data after receiving a request
Sends request
Replies with data
Web Server
Web Browser Web Server
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Software used to access the Internet
Requests data from a specific port of a specific Web Server(client/server structure)
Presents the information received (such as text and pictures)
Sends data to the Web Server
Web Server
Web Brow sers
Web Browser
Sends data
Receives data
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ITS 6.20 Server Plat form s
AGate
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
Microsoft Windows 2003 Server
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8
RedHat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES/AS
SAP@Web Studio
Microsoft Windows 2000 Workstation
WGate
Microsoft Windows 2000 and 2003Server Microsoft Web Server (ISAPI)
Apache HTTP Server (Apache Module)
SUN One Web Server (NSAPI)
Solaris SUN One Web Server
Linux / IntelSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8
Apache HTTP Server (Apache Module)
RedHat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES/ASApache HTTP Server (Apache Module)
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Vir t ual Web Servers
On a single computer, multiple Web Servers (so-called virtual WebServers) can be installed without having to repeat the entire installation
process.
A request to a host with multiple virtual Web Servers installed isdirected to the correct virtual Web Server by differentiating by
IP address (each virtual Web Server may have its own IP address)
Port number (each virtual Web Server may listen on a different port)
Responses are either generated dynamically or are taken from apredefined directory structure belonging to the Web Server
This structure usually is created before the Web Server itself is set up.
The default Apache file directory is /srv/www/htdocs.
If you dont specify a file to be accessed the Web Server may return adefault document.
Each virtual Web Server should have its own directory structure This is necessary to install multiple SAP ITS instances with different
application contents on the same computer
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Apache Web Server Direc t ory St ruct ure
/srv (default web area)
/www (default web root directory) /ftp (default ftp root directory)
Example: Root directories for virtual Web Servers
/srv /www/WEBGUI (Web area for SAP ITS WEBGUI)
/www/ADM (Web area for SAP ITS ADM)
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Agenda
Introduction11
Web Servers & Platform Matrix22
SAP ITS Installation33
SAP ITS Administration & Configuration44
Additional Information55
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SAP ITS Instal la t ion
You can get the installation files from The Server Components CD (directory ITS/UNIX/LINUXINTEL).
http://service.sap.com/patches web site for the latest patches.
The setup program is based on SAPInst Installation tool whichprovides Easy user friendly dialogs
A scripting interface for installations without user interaction
The chance to continue a failed installation after resolving the causeof the problem
Simplified update process for ITS servers (only one installation forall instances)
Installation tool known from SAP WebAS
SAP@Web Installation Guide
Detailed step by step instructions and matrix of necessaryparameters
Print and read these instructions before starting an installation
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SAP ITS Inst al lat ion Requirem ent s
Windows 2000 Server (not Professional)
Running on an Intel or compatible processor
Recommended minimum Service Pack 3
Windows 2003 Server
Running on an Intel or compatible processor (32-bit)
Linux Server
Running on an Intel or compatible processor (32-bit)
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8 (SLES8)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 (AS/ES)
A minimum of 256 MB physical memory is recommended(productive installations may require a lot more than this).
1GB Hard Drive space will suffice for several SAP ITSinstallations.
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SAP ITS Inst al lat ion Param et ers
Landscape - Type of installation
Single Host
Dual Host (Recommended for Security and Scalability)
AGate installed on one host
WGate installed on another host together with the Web Server
SAP ITS installation type Typical or Administration
Typical installations can run SAP GUI for HTML and other applications
Administration installations exclusively run ITS Administration
(virtual) Web Server to connect the SAP ITS to
Application packages (IAC packages) to be installed
SAP System Connection information and Logon Data (optionally)
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WebWeb
ServerServer
SAPSAP
ApplicationApplication
ServerServerITSITS
WGate
AGate
TCP/IPTCP/IP
Windows 2000 ServerWindows 2003 Server 32-bitSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8RedHat Enterprise Linux 2.1
RFCRFC
DIAGDIAG
NSAPINSAPI
APACHEAPACHE
ISAPIISAPI
HTTPHTTP
HTTPSHTTPS
Single Host Ins ta l la t ion
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WebWeb
ServerServer
SAPSAP
ApplicationApplication
ServerServerITSITS
W
Gate
AGate
RFCRFC
DIAGDIAG
TCP/IPTCP/IP
HTTPHTTP
HTTPSHTTPSNSAPINSAPI
APACHEAPACHE
ISAPIISAPI
Wgate & Agate OS platforms:
Windows 2000 ServerWindows 2003 Server 32-bitSUSE Linux Enterprise Server 8RedHat Enterprise Linux 2.1
Dual Host Ins t a l la t ion
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These security measures are strongly recommended for productiveinstallations. The firewall between AGate and WGate is only possible in DualHost mode!
WebWebServerServer
SAPSAPApplicationApplication
ServerServer
W
Gate
AGate
SAPRouterSNC, (SAPRouter possible)
Secur i t y Addi t iona l Pro tec t ion
NSAPINSAPI
APACHEAPACHE
ISAPIISAPI
Firewalls
DIAGDIAG
RFCRFC
TCP/IPTCP/IPHTTPSHTTPS
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ITSITS
11
WGate
VirtVirt. Web. Web
ServerServer
ITSITS
22
WGate
VirtVirt. Web. WebServerServer
AGate
AGate
With a certain number of virtualWeb Servers installed, you cancreate the same number of SAPITS environments on a singlehost.
Several ITS installations (alsocalled virtual instances) canoperate independently on thesame server.
TCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IP
Vir tua l ins tances
NSAPINSAPI
APACHEAPACHE
ISAPIISAPI
NSAPINSAPI
APACHEAPACHE
ISAPIISAPI
One physical server
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SAP ITS Instal la t ion
On the following pages you can find screenshots from aninstallation of a SAP ITS 6.20 (patch level 4)
Different SAP ITS versions have different screens
A Dual Host Installation requires more information (e.g. the name ofthe server the AGate is installed on)
The required information is almost identical for all ITS versions.Therefore the installation concepts basically are the same for all
releases. ITS 6.20 uses SAPInst, the new SAP Web ApplicationServer installation tool.
SAPInst consists of an installation engine and a JAVA based GUI.It allows remote installation of servers without a graphical windowsystem where the engine runs on the server and the GUI on a
desktop workstation. SAPInst supports unattended installations.
Engine and GUI can run on different operating systems.
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Prepar ing t he SAP ITS Inst al lat ion
To begin the installation change to rootdirectory of the ITS installation, e.g.
/usr/sap/its, and extract the patch file.Jump to a clean temporary installationdirectory, e.g. /usr/sap/its/install, andstart the installation with/usr/sap/its/ITS/UNIX/LINUX/INSTALL.
To setup SAPInstinstallation toolplease confirm alldialogs. The ITSinstallation willstart automatically
after SAPInst hasbeen successfullyinstalled
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
The installation of ITS on LINUXneeds to know the installationdirectory. Accept the default
here and click Next.Please accept following licenseagreement.
All files and directories ofthe ITS installation belongs
to the user itsadm. If it doesnot exist the installationcreates it automatically.
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
If you already have installed one or more ITS instances on your serveryou will get this screen instead of the one on the previous slide.
Here you candecide whetherto install anadditional ITSinstance or torefresh the
installation(e.g. to repaira corruptedinstallationor to applya patch).
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
System number
Uniquely identifysystem resources
Unique numberfor IACOR,wgateand per instance
No alignmentwith already
installedR3-system
Cleanipc perinstance possible
Tooltips
Context sensitive help for input fields
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Type of installation
Basic choice ofinstance usage
Port definition
Avoid confusionwith networkbased mgmt,
e.g. YP, NIS Doesnt override
definitions
No influence onsapms*, sapiacor*
Define ports
sapdp[00-99] to 3200 - 3299 sapgw[00-99] to 3300 - 3399
SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
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Development Env.
Change someregistry keys, e.g.StaticTemplates,AdminEnabled
Reduces resourceconsumption
Streamline Set default in
global.srvc
Not supportedon linux clients yet
Templates and mimes are always installed
Additional dialogs
Ease up installation for seldom used options
SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
Location
Linux specific
Several installationsare possible
Apache 1.3 and2.0 can be installedin parallel
Several subversions
of 1.3/2.0 can beinstalled in parallel
Standard locationsare:
SLES8, Apache 1.3.26: /usr/sbin/httpd; /etc/httpd
SuSE8.1,Apache 2.0.40: /usr/sbin/apache2; /etc/apache2
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Virtualhost list
List is extracted fromhttpd.conf
Port- / hostbased confi-guration supported
SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
Portbased:Listen 1080
Listen 8080
DocumentRoot /srv/www/its/1080
DocumentRoot /srv/www/its/8080
Hostbased:Listen 80
NameVirtualHost www.xxx.yyy.zzz
DocumentRoot /srv/www/hostname1
DocumentRoot /srv/www/hostname2
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
Select connection mode Message Server and confirm the connection
data as shown on the screenshot by pressing click Next. Type in PUBLIC as Login Group and click 'Next'.
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst a l lat i on
Select 'YES' to start ITS instance after installation and click 'Next'.
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
Check installationoverview page and
click 'Start'.
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
SAPInst now starts the installation process and finishes if nothing wentwrong with the upper success dialog. Click Ok.
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SAP ITS 6.20 Inst al lat ion
Start
Agate,iacor:
For each instance including iacor a scripts is created in/bin.
The scripts are named its.sh
The scripts should be link in runlevel directory, e.g. /etc/init.d/rc3.d
Wgate:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/programs
Start apache
Test
Set registry key StatusMonitorEnabled in ItsRegistryWGATE.xml andrequest wgate status withhttp://:/scripts/wgate/wgate-status?
Test wgate-agate communication withhttp://:/scripts/wgate/itsping/!
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Remark : Upgrade of an o lder ITS ins ta l la t ion
Upgrade support:
4.6D/6.10 to 6.20
6.20 does notshare registrykeys or otherresources witholder installationwith 1 exception
Information fromexisting instancesis used to setupa new installationin parallel
Old installation is not manipulated in any way, e.g. services are notdisabled
The webserver points to the new installation after upgrade
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Unat t ended ins ta l la t ion
Features
Script-based
Fully automatic installation without user interaction, e.g. ports aredetermined automatically
Provides the same functionality as manual gui-based installation, i.e.single/dual host, admin/non-admin, additional packages etc.
No GUI capabilities are required, no JAVA
Any number of instances with individual installation types can beperformed through one call
Repeating an installation
Repeating a previously successfully executed installationunattended
Part of a backup scenario
Not customizable
See note 526835
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Restar t o f the ins ta l la t ion
Normal installation
SAPinst require reinitialization after a successfull or broken
installation before next start
W32 program menu:
Start: SAPinst Server with GUI
Reinit: Prepare new installation
W32 command line in installation directory, e.g. C:\SAPinst ITS 620:
Start: sapinst.exe
Reinit: newinstall.cmd
Linux command line in installation directory, e.g. /usr/sap/its/install:
Start: ./sapinst
Reinit: ./newinstall
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Procedure
Steps:
Create example .ini file with:sapinst SAPINST_SMART_COMPONENT=ITS_BATCH_PROCESSING
SAPINST_SMART_CONFIGFILE=ITS_PARAMETER.ini
The normal installation starts. Abort it on first welcome screen. Anexemplary file with comments has been created.
Edit ITS_PARAMETER.ini to meet your requirements
Restart unattended installation with:
sapinst SAPINST_SMART_COMPONENT=ITS_BATCH_PROCESSINGSAPINST_SMART_CONFIGFILE=ITS_PARAMETER.ini
SAPINST_SKIP_DIALOGS=true
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Example
[ITS_MAIN]ACTIONS= INSTALLINSTANCE_IT1
[INSTALL]PROGRAM_DIRECTORY=/usr/sap/its/6.20
[INSTANCE_IT1]ADMIN_INSTANCE=falseTYPE=*
NAME=IT1DEVELOPER_MODE=trueSYSTEM_NUMBER=41
WEBGUI=trueFLOW_DEBUG=falseAPPLY_ADDITIONAL_PACKAGES=falseWATCHDOG=falseSAP_SYSTEM_NAME=BCEUSE_ANOYMOUSLOGIN=false
MESSAGE_SERVER=bcemain.wdf.sap.corpSTART_AFTER_INSTALLATION=trueRUN_MULTIPLE_AGATE_PROCESSES=false
WEBSERVER_INSTANCE=Apache (virtual host: _default_:1080)
APACHE_CONFIG_DIRECTORY=/etc/httpdAPACHE_EXECUTABLE=/usr/sbin/httpd
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Ex e rc i se 1
Install a typical SingleHost SAP ITS instance to port 1080:
Use SAP System data provided during class.
Use the Development Configuration.
Check with url 'http://basel03:1080/scripts/wgate/webgui_start/!
Install an administrative instance to port 8080
Notice the differences in the installation dialog.
Check with url 'http://basel03:8080/scripts/wgate/admin/!
Install a second 'typical' instance unattended: Copy ITS_PARAMETER.ini from /archive to /usr/sap/its/install
Start unattended installation as described during class
Check with url 'http://basel03:1082/scripts/wgate/webgui_start/!
Note: Before you can check the ITS connection, apache has to be restartetand LD_LIBRARY_PATH has to be set once:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/sap/its/6.20/programs
Restart apache with the command: "rcapache restart"
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SAP ITS Sca lab i l i t y
SAP ITS offers several Scalability and Load Balancing options:
Scale up the Web Server infrastructure
Scale up the number of AGate servers / AGate processes
Use Load Balancing via SAP Messageserver
Use SAP ITS Load Balancing
Make use of an HTTP Router
Use more than one AGate process
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Web Server / SAP ITS Sc alabi l i t y
One AGate can be connected to several Web Servers/WGates
Web ServerWeb Browser
Web Browser
SAP System
WGate
Web Server
WGate
AGate
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SAP ITS - SAP System Sca lab i l i t y
One SAP ITS can use several Application Servers of one SAPSystem via:Load BalancingSeparate selection of a specific Application Server
SAP System
Web Browser
MessageServer
Appl.Server
Web Server
WGate AGate
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SAP ITS Load Bal anc ing
WGate passes prepared requests on to AGate AGate does the actual work
Session management HTML page generation
CPU utilization of AGate is much higher than WGates This scenario offers additional fault tolerance for AGate
SAP System
Web BrowserWeb Server
WGate
AGate
AGate
AGate
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HTTP Router
HTTP Rout ing / High Avai l abi l i t y
Web Browser
Web Server
WGate
Web Server
WGate
AGate
AGate
AGate
This scenario offers additional fault tolerance for both AGate and WGate
When HTTPS is used the load on the WGate server can be fairly high
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Mult ip le AGate processes
The load is distributed between the AGate processes
It is always useful to have several Agate processes per instance due tofailover, locking and the 2GB memory limit per process
Web BrowserWeb Server
WGate
SAP ITS AGate
MappingManager
AGateprocesses
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Wgate Conf igura t ion Too l
Configuration tool to completely administrate Wgate
Add new URL section
Setup connection to multiple agates
No need to restart your web server (in most cases)
Connectivity test to Agate and Mapping manager available
SNC version displayed
SNC environment displayed
After activating no need to edit ItsRegistryWGate/Wgate.conf byhand
Changing of Wgate trace level without web server restart
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Wgate c onf igurat ion too l : Ac t iva t ion
Edit ItsRegistryWgate.xml with you favorite editor and changeConfigMonitorEnabled in global section to yes
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Wgate conf igura t ion t oo l
URL Section
LogicalInstances
Global Parameters
Activation/Reload
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Make sure you stay in the same webserver process (loadbalancing)
Switch off (or overtake) reverse-proxies, loadbalancers
Start web servers as single process e.g.:/usr/sbin/httpd X
The tool manipulates registry files ItsRegistryWGATE.xml in configdirectory. Make them writeable for the low-priviliged apache user, i.e.wwwrun. Proposal: switch to itsadm in httpd.conf temporarily.
Switch off the tool after configuring Wgate, otherwise your Wgate will beopen to anyone for configuring
Wgate Conf igura t ion Tool Dos and Dont s
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Wgate Stat us Moni tor
Status Monitor:
Provides statistical
information about ITSinstances
Enabled by setting the keyStatusMonitorEnabled inItsRegistryWGATE.xml
Start with
http://:/scripts/wgate/wgate-status?
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Ex erc ise 2
Enable the Wgate Config tool. Open the ItsRegistryWgate.xml withthe editor of your choice. Search for the Global Section and change
the value for ConfigMonitorStatus from no to yes. Restart the Webserver instance.
Start the Wgate Configuration Tool using URL:http://localhost:1080/scripts/wgate/wgate-config?
Create a second AGate section for instance WEBGUI that points tothe DEMO instance (result of the unattended installation).
Start the SAP GUI for HTML and try to find out which SAP ITS AGateserver you are connected to.
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IACOR Insta l l a t i on & Conf igurat ion
IACOR (IAC Object Receiver)
Windows/Linux based tool that was designed to allow publishing
IAC contents from a SAP System to a virtual SAP ITS instance
Registers SAP ITS instances at a gateway of the SAP System(release 4.6C or higher) and waits for files to receive
The publication process can be started from transactions SE80 (WebApplication Builder) and SE38 in the SAP System
From SAP System release 6.10 on, IACOR can also be used to
publish IAC files to SAP ITS landscapes in addition to single SAP ITSinstances
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IACOR Setup
IACOR demon:
Is installed as a services automatically during initial setup
Can be started via
W32: ServiceManager
LINUX: "Installation directory"/bin/itsIACOR.sh start|stop
Connections can be managed with iacorcmd, e.g:
./iacorcmd add \/itsname:DEMO \
/gwhost:"" \/gwservice:"" \/desturlits:"/usr/sap/its/6.20/DEMO" \/desturlwww:"/srv/www/its/1082/sap/its/mimes" \/r3name:BCE \/group:PUBLIC \/msgsrv:"bcemain.wdf.sap.corp" \/client:"000" \/r3user: \/r3password:
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Using IACOR
To publish IAC files to your SAPITS instance start the SAP GUIfor HTML, launch transaction
SE38 and execute the programW3_Publish_Services.
Skip the screen askingfor a transport requestby clicking onExecute. Afterselecting the IACs tobe published click onWorkbench settingsto choose the ITSinstance to receive thefiles.
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Usi ng IACOR
Select the SAP ITS instance named/ and click the button with the
green tick to return toW3_Publish_Services. Start theprocess by clicking the Publishbutton.
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Agenda
Introduction11
Web Servers & Platform Matrix22
SAP ITS Installation33
SAP ITS Administration & Configuration44
Additional Information55
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion and Moni t or ing
SAP ITS Administration is an HTML based Administration andMonitoring tool that can be remotely accessed via Web.
Flexible configuration and administration tool designed for
Changing SAP ITS settings
Monitoring SAP ITS performance data
Editing service files
Viewing template files
Viewing SAP ITS log files and trace files Tuning your ITS server
Dedicated to and optimized for SAP ITS
Control SAP ITS instances (Start, Stop and Restart)
Control Web Server instances (Start, Stop and Restart)
Installed on a separate virtual SAP ITS instance.
SAP ITS Ad i i t t i L i
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SAP ITS Adm inist rat ion: Login
Default Login: itsadminPassword: init
URL request for login:http://:/scripts/wgate/admin/!
You can access all features ofITS Administration by usingthe menu on the left handside. Note that there is oneentry for each ITS instance.
SAP ITS Ad i i t t i U Ad i i t t i
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SAP ITS Adm inis t rat ion: User Adm inis t rat ion
To change the password for the currentuser select Administration followedby Change Password.
If you want to create SAP ITSAdministration users withlimited privileges you can do so
via Administration
UserManagement. An Administratorcan, e.g. change service fileparameters, restart and stopinstances, while View Onlyusers cannot change settings orrestart the SAP ITS. Modifying
registry settings except forperformance settings isrestricted to the user itsadmin.
SAP ITS Ad i i t t i S t V i & O i
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: System View & Overv iew
Under System View you can finddata on the resources of the hostcomputer (active processes,
allocated memory, free disk space).
On the Load Balancing screenthe current load balancingsituation of all instances can beobserved.
SAP ITS Ad i i t t i M i R t I t
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: Managing Rem ot e Ins t ances
The full set of SAP ITS Administration features is available for local SAP ITSinstances only while for remote instances you can access the performanceanalysis commands. However there is a command (Go to Native ADM) that
lets you switch to a remote Administration instance, so you can convenientlyadminister all SAP ITS servers.
SAP ITS Ad i i t t i S i Fi l
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SAP ITS Adm inist rat ion: Servic e Fi les
Configuration Global Services All Settings will give you a list ofglobal configuration parameters for
the instance you selected.
The configuration of otherIACs (Internet ApplicationComponents) can be
changed withConfiguration Services.
You can change the setting ofany parameter by modifyingits value in the correspondingedit field and clicking SAVE.This kind of change is appliedinstantly .
SAP ITS T ning Parame t ers
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SAP ITS Tuning Parame t ers
These tuning parameters can be set in service files:
~http_use_compression Enables / Disables HTTP compression
between SAP ITS and Web Browser. Activating this feature reducesthe amount of data sent to the Web Browser thus reducing overallnetwork traffic.
~timeout This parameter specifies the time in minutes after whichan idle user session is terminated. Tuning this parameter will help insituations where large numbers of sessions are blocked because of
users not logging off but either closing the Web Browser or beingidle.
Changes to these parameters take effect immediately, but alreadyestablished sessions are not affected.
SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: Per formanc e Set t ings
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: Per formanc e Set t ings
The most important settings regarding SAP ITS performance canbe accessed by selecting Configuration Performance.It is often sufficientto modify one ormore of these settingsif you want to adjustyour SAP ITS accor-
ding to your needs.Remember that aftersaving your changesyou have to restartthe SAP ITS instancein order to apply them.
SAP ITS Tuning Parame t ers
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SAP ITS Tuning Parame t ers
MaxSessions Maximum number of sessions the SAP ITS instance cansupport in parallel
MinWorkThreads The number of Workthreads created by the SAP ITSinstance at startup
MaxWorkThreads Maximum number of Workthreads supported by theinstance (the ITS will start with MinWorkThreads and increase thisnumber up to a maximum of MaxWorkThreads in case of high load westrongly recommend to set MinWorkThreads = MaxWorkThreads).
StaticTemplates When this parameter is set to 1 (default) the SAP ITSwill cache all HTML templates used by SAP ITS applications thusimproving performance. In development environments this parametershould always be set to 0.
ProductionMode Enables caching of data in applications based on SAPITS Flow Logic. This performance setting improves the speed of module
calls considerably, but should not be turned on during development ofapplications based on Flow Logic
SAP ITS Memory Conf igurat ion
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SAP ITS Memory Conf igurat ion
ITSSetup offers two standard configurations in respect to themaximum amount of memory used by the SAP ITS instance.
These two configurations differ in the number of Workthreads andSessions launched upon start:
Default
400 Sessions
40 Workthreads
Development Mode
64 Sessions
4 Workthreads
Work t hread/Session Model
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Pool ofWorkthreads Session Pool
Dispatcher
In Port
AGate
Work t hread/Session Model
SAP System
In ternal Scalabi l i t y (AGate)
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In ternal Scalabi l i t y (AGate)
Increasing the number of Workthreads will result in
Higher throughput of your SAP ITS instance
A rise in memory consumption as well as processor utilization
Increasing the number of Sessions will result in
The SAP ITS being capable of serving more users at the same time(as long as the number of Workthreads is sufficient)
A rise in memory consumption
If you increase the number of Workthreads and/or Sessions you shouldalways make sure that your server can take the new load. An alternativeis to increase the number of Workthreads/Sessions by setting up morethan one SAP ITS Server and using ITS Load Balancing.
It is always useful to have several Agate processes per instance due tofailover, locking and memory limit per process
SAP ITS Logs and Trac e Files
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SAP ITS Logs and Trac e Fi les
The most important logs and trace files:
access.log: In this file the SAP ITS records whenever an SAP ITS
session is started or ended (by timeout or the user logging off). performance.log: This file (and loadstat.log) is used to store basic
information on SAP ITS performance as well as the hostsperformance. The SAP ITS can be tuned according to the numbersdetailing the unused sessions and workthreads.
AGateX_*.trc: All information messages, warnings and errorsgenerated by the component AGate are written to these files.
Wgate*.trc: These files resides on the Web Server host and areespecially useful when communication problems prevent theWGate from connecting to the AGate for some unknown reason.
SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: V iew ing Log & Trace Fi les
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: V iew ing Log & Trace F i les
Click WEBGUI View Logs Logs totake a look at the log files for the WEBGUIinstance. The traces can be accessed via
Traces.Analyzing the log files will help you tuningSAP ITS. If e.g. the number of workthreadsor sessions runs low for a longer period oftime you should consider increasing thevalues of these parameters.
SAP ITS Adm inist rat ion: Set t ing Trac e Fi le
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Parameters
Use Configuration Tracesto alter the settings for SAP ITStrace files (likewise for log
files).
With ITS 6.20 it is no longer
necessary to restart the instanceafter changing trace level.
SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: Per formanc e Moni t or ing
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SAP ITS Adminis t rat ion: Per formanc e Moni t or ing
Select Configuration Registry tochange the SAP ITS registry settings.In this example we choose CCMS in
the frame on the right to have the SAPITS performance monitoringparameters displayed.
To activate the advancedperformance monitoringclick PerfMonitoring and
enter the value 1. Alsoactive the MemoryTuningby setting PerfMemTuneto 1. Again you will haveto restart the SAP ITS aftersaving, but of course youdont have to restart once
for every single change,one restart after allchanges have been madeis enough.
SAP ITS 6 20 Tuning: Per formanc e Moni tor ing
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SAP ITS 6.20 Tuning: Per formanc e Moni tor ing
If you suspect a performance bottleneck in your system (consisting ofWeb Browser, SAP ITS and SAP System), but are not quite sure which
component is responsible for the bottleneck, you can get an impressionwhere the processing timeis spent by selectingPerformance -> ThreadPerformance for the SAPITS instance in question.
In this example the proces-sing time was equally sharedbetween SAP System andSAP ITS.
SAP ITS 6 20 Tunin g: Mem ory Tuning Tool
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SAP ITS 6.20 Tunin g: Mem ory Tuning Tool
If you want to optimize the memory requirements of your ITS installation you can usePerformance Memory Tuning for any given ITS instance. The memory tuning tool
can be used to find out how much memory your current configuration would consume
under worst conditions. This value should always be below the OS-specific limit, e.g.4GB for linux.You can experimentwith the parameters
without changing theITS settings and inconjunction with
the performanceanalysis you canpossibly reducethe memoryrequirements.
Ex erc ise 3
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Ex erc ise 3
Start SAP ITS Administration with the URL http://:8080/scripts/wgate/admin/!.
Change the value of the ~timeout parameter in the global service fileof your WEBGUI SAP ITS instance.
Change the number of sessions on your WEBGUI instance.
Change the number of workthreads on your WEBGUI instance.
Explore!
Agenda
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Agenda
Introduction11
Web Servers & Platform Matrix22
SAP ITS Installation33
SAP ITS Administration & Configuration44
Additional Information55
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Fur t her Informat ion Publ ic Web:
http://service.sap.com/sap-its
SAPNet:Use ALIAS: sap-its
Re la ted Lec tu res a t TechEd 2003Future of ITS, PA104, TUE 5:00 pm, L4
UI Clients for SAP NetWeaver, UI101, THU
10:00am+THU 8:00am, L1
L i te ra tu reSAP@Web Installation Guide
SAP ITS Tuning & Troubleshooting Guide
SAP ITS Administration GuideSAP ITS Service Parameters
SAP Techno logy:W b A l i t i D l t C i l
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Web App l i ca t ion Deve lopment Cur ri cu lum
SAPTECmySAP Techno logy
Solut ion Overview
2 days
ITS070SAP ITS:Admin is t ra t ion
3 days
ITS150SAP ITS:
Corporate Ident i t y
Design
2days
NET050Web Appl ica t ionDevelopment :Foundat ions
3 daysHTML, CSSKnow ledge ,In ternetTermino logy
BC400ABAP Workbench:
Founda t ion andConcepts
5 days
NET100SAP ITS:Deve lop ing Screenbased I n t e rne tAppl ica t ion Comp.
3 days
NET200SAP Web Appl icat ion
Server:
Deve lop ing WebAppl ica t ions
3days
Necessary
Quest ions?
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Q& AQ
Feedback
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Please complete your session evaluationand drop it in the box on your way out.
Be courteous deposit your trash,
and do not take the handouts for thefollowing session.
The SAP TechEd 03 Basel Team
Copyrigh t 2 003 SAP AG. All Right s Reserv ed
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No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the expresspermission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.
Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of othersoftware vendors.
Microsoft, WINDOWS, NT, EXCEL, Word, PowerPointand SQL Serverare registered trademarks ofMicrosoft Corporation.
IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390,OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli, Informixand InformixDynamic ServerTM are trademarks of IBM Corporation in USA and/or other countries.
ORACLE is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation.
UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motifare registered trademarks of the Open Group.
Citrix
, the Citrix logo, ICA
, Program Neighborhood
, MetaFrame
, WinFrame
, VideoFrame
, MultiWin
andother Citrix product names referenced herein are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc.
HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C, World Wide Web Consortium,Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
JAVAis a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
JAVASCRIPT is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented
and implemented by Netscape.
MarketSet and Enterprise Buyer are jointly owned trademarks of SAP AG and Commerce One.
SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well astheir respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several othercountries all over the world. All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respectivecompanies.
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Copyr ight 2003 SAP AG. Al le Recht e vorbehalt en
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Weitergabe und Vervielfltigung dieser Publikation oder von Teilen daraus sind, zu welchem Zweck und in welcherForm auch immer, ohne die aus-drckliche schriftliche Genehmigung durch SAP AG nicht gestattet. In dieserPublikation enthaltene Informationen knnen ohne vorherige Ankn-digung gendert werden.
Die von SAP AG oder deren Vertriebsfirmen angebotenen Softwareprodukte knnen Softwarekomponenten auch
anderer Softwarehersteller enthalten.
Microsoft, WINDOWS, NT, EXCEL, Word, PowerPointund SQL Serversind eingetragene Marken derMicrosoft Corporation.
IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390,OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli, Informixund InformixDynamic ServerTM sind Marken der IBM Corporation in den USA und/oder anderen Lndern.
ORACLE ist eine eingetragene Marke der ORACLE Corporation.
UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1und Motifsind eingetragene Marken der Open Group.
Citrix, das Citrix-Logo, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, VideoFrame, MultiWinundandere hier erwhnte Namen von Citrix-Produkten sind Marken von Citrix Systems, Inc.
HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML sind Marken oder eingetragene Marken des W3C, World Wide Web Consortium,Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
JAVA ist eine eingetragene Marke der Sun Microsystems, Inc.
JAVASCRIPT ist eine eingetragene Marke der Sun Microsystems, Inc., verwendet unter der Lizenz der vonNetscape entwickelten und implementierten Technologie.
MarketSet und Enterprise Buyer sind gemeinsame Marken von SAP AG und Commerce One.
SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp und weitere im Text erwhnte SAP-Produkte und Dienstleistungen
sowie die entsprechenden Logos sind Marken oder eingetragene Marken der SAP AG in Deutschland und anderenLndern weltweit. Alle anderen Namen von Produkten und Dienstleistungen sind Marken der jeweiligen Firmen.
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