Sao PauloSao Paulo- An example of an LEDC city trying to help itself
Lesson Aims: To look at how Sao Paulo has coped with UrbanisationUrbanisation To understand how the self-help schemeself-help scheme has worked
CW 5th March 2004
Recap on last lesson- A case study of urbanisation in LEDCs: Lima, Peru
Large numbers of people in developing cities live in slum areas called shanty towns.
A shanty town is a collection of shacks and poor-quality housing which often lack electricity, a water supply or sewage disposal
In Lima, the capital of Peru, a large shanty town called ‘Villa El Salvador’ started in 1971
Most of the people there are extremely poor- have little belongings, can't afford food, and have no running water or electricity
They live in extreme poverty, and suffer from malnutrition, TB, and Diahorrea amongst other things
Despite this, ‘Villa El Salvador’ is a success: a well planned town with an excellent community spirit
Self-Help SchemesSelf-Help Schemes
Self-Help Schemes
Most local authorities would prefer not to have shanty towns, but they cannot afford to provide new, high-quality housing to replace them.
To overcome this problem, they encourage people to improve their own property through Self-Help Schemes.
Self-Help Schemes- Continued
In these schemes, the authority provides land, a small loan, cheap building materials and basic services.
The squatters then help each other to build their own homes and improve their living conditions
Hence: Hence: Self-Help
Case StudyCase Study
Self-Help scheme in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Location of Sao Paulo, Brazil
Sao Paulo- Background information
Sao Paulo is the richest and largest city in Brazil.
Urbanisation (from rural Brazil, to the big cities) has increased the population of Sao Paulo from 7 million in 1970 to 23 million today
The city authorities have an impossible task of providing housing and services for all
The rich people of Sao Paulo
The well-off of Sao Paulo live in elegant, expensive houses with large gardens and swimming pools
The properties are located near to the CBD
Housing for the poor (Favelas)
Location Favelas (shanty towns) are located on
land that no-one else wants These are on the edge of Sao Paulo, on
steep slopes, marshy areas and even on rubbish tips
Features The Favelas are similar to the shanty
towns in Lima
primitive shacks of wood and metal
some with only one room
Disease is common
Housing for the poor (Favelas)
People They are mainly newcomers to the city
with large families and no jobs or money They are squatters with no legal rights
and can be moved on at any time
Housing for the poor (Favelas)
The Sao Paulo Self-Help SchemeThe Sao Paulo Self-Help Scheme
The self-help scheme involved providing some land, a cheap loan and building material in and around Sao Paulo.
They then had to build the houses themselves:
TaskTask
On the A4 (plain) paper provided
Copy the picture off the board
(a useful sketch for use in Exams)
An Example of a ‘Self-Help Scheme’ house
Extension exercise
Have a go at the following GCSE question: