Download pdf - REPORT BRL-MR-3838 BRL - DTICBRL-MR-3838 MEMORANDUM REPORT BRL-MR-3838 BRL NCOMPARISON OF 155-MM GUN TUBE HEAT INPUT WITH SOLVENTLESS AND SOLVENT PROPELLANT ARTHUR A. KOSZORU IRVIN

BRL-MR-3838

MEMORANDUM REPORT BRL-MR-3838

BRLNCOMPARISON OF 155-MM GUN TUBE HEAT INPUT

WITH SOLVENTLESS AND SOLVENT PROPELLANT

ARTHUR A. KOSZORUIRVIN C. STOBIE

JUNE 1990 J 2&i990

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLLMITED.

U.S. ARMY LABORATORY COMMAND

BALLISTIC RESEARCH LABORATORYABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MARYLAND

90 06 28 023

NOTICES

Destroy this report when it is no longer needed. DO NOT return it to the originator.

Additional copies of this report may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service,U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161.

The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position,unless so designated by other authorized documents.

The use of trade names or manufacturers' names in this report does not constitute indorsement ofany commercial product.

UNCLASSIFIED

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEJ_______,~~gb~~f~ ~ ~i~ @ n~lmt . m.tS U Ud M'~ .d~ .~i~ wIwg OWgu~ of

1. AGENCY USE ONLY CL&W hilri) I2. 4111041T DATE 1*REPORT TYPE AND DATE$ OEEI June 1990 IFendl -len R- 87

.TTU AND SUITITU S. FUNDING is I~RS

Comparison of 155-mm G;un Tube Heat Input with P: IL162618AH80Solventless and Solvent Propellant

6. AUTHOR(S)

Arthur A. Koszoru and Irvin C. Stobie

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADORESS(ES) B. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMMER

9. SPONSORING I MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING 'MONIORINGUISA Ballistic Research Laboratorv AGENCY REPOT MUMMER

ATTN: SLCBR-DD-TBR- -3 8Aberdeen Proving GIround. MD 2 0W5-5066

11. SUPKIEMENTARY NOTES

I 2a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILIT'Y STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE

Appronced for public reledse, distribution is unlimited.

13. AM)ILACT (Maximum 200 wod)A test to measure wall temperatures of a 155-mm howitzer cannon was conducted at the Ballistic

Research Laboratory as part of a Product Improvement Program (PIP) which was formulated and conductedunder the auspices of the Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Center. The main objective ofthis ballistic study was to determine if the projected gun tube wear from an alternative, ballistically equivalent.155-mm, M203AI propelling charge containing solventless stick propellant is comparable to the wearproduced by the standard M203A1 containing M3IA1E1 solvent based propellant. The results of this studyindicate that the solventless propellant charge does not appear to be more erosive thanl the standard M203AIcharge. Additionally, the effects of several of the charge constituents on the amount of heat transferred to thetube were investigated, with a particularly dramatic increase seen in heat transferred to the tube when thecase was removed.)

14L SUBJECT TERAMS IL NUMMER OF PAGES

7 71155-mm; M199 Cannon, (jun Wear; Solventless Propellant (XM41), M203AI, Heait FI W mc ootInput; Erosiun f)'

17. SICJRIIY CLASSWICATIO 18. SECURITY CLASSICKAWN It. WNCW~t a.ASSON44CATON n0. : IATIOM OF ABSTRACTOF REPOR4T I Of THIS PAGE 1 OF ABISTRACT

UNCLASSIFIED IUNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSI FlED SARMSN 75404-1604500 UNCLASSIFIED Standard For 298 (111t 2-49)

fowe ow I lm% fig. II

INTENTIoNALLY LFT BLANK.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST O F FIG U R ES .................................................................................................................. v

I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1

II. EXPERIMENTAL .....................................................

A. TEST MATRIX ....................................................

B. TEST FIRINGS .................................................... 4

III. RESULTS ....................................................... 5

IV. CONCLUSIONS ....................................................... 8

R E FE R E N C ES ......................................................................................................................... 10

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................. 10

APPENDIX A - PROPELLANT DESCRIPTION SHEETS ........................................... 11

APPENDIX B - PRESSURE TIME CURVES .................................................................. 15

D ISTR IBU TIO N LIST ............................................................................................................ 63

* ~~~O Inr~ r.l I

'i/or

iii

INTNimoNALLY LEFr BLANK.

iv

LIST OF FIGURES

Fur Page

1 155-mm, M 203A 1 Propelling Charge ............................................................................ 2

2 155-mm, M203A1 Solvenfless PIP Propelling Charge .................................................. 3

3 Gage and Thermocouple Schematic ................................................................................ 4

4 Breech Pressure and Pressure Difference, Standard M203A1 ................. 6

5 Breech Pressure and Pressure Difference, Solventless M203A1 ................................ 6

6 Temperature Changes at Thermocouple Locations 1-4 ...................... 8

v

IMNTNONALLY LEFT' BUANK.

1. INTRODUCTION

The M203A1, shown in Figure 1, is a 155-mm, single increment, top zone propelling charge. Thecharge contains approximately 11.79 kg of M31A1E1 triple base, slotted single perforated stick propellantand a lead foil/wax/TiO2 liner which acts as a decoppering agent and wear reducing additive. Thepropellant and liner are contained An a rigid nitrocellulose combustible case which contains talc in itscomposition for wear reduction purposes. Ignition is accomplished with a CBI/black powder basepad heldin place by a combustible end cap. The M203A1 propelling charge was type classified on 29 March 1985to replace the granular M203 (bag) propelling charge. A PIP is currently being conducted on this 155-mm, stick propelling charge by the Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Center(ARDEC). This PIP would provide an alternate solventless stick propellant for the M203A1 propellingcharge. An ARDEC-developed solventless propellant, XM41, was selected as the candidate for the PIP,which will complete full scale evaluation and result in type classification of the alternative propellant in theM203A1 configuration. The charge expected to result from this PIP is shown in Figure 2.

ARDEC initiated several investigations to determine the applicability of solventless propellants to theM203A1 charge configuration and performance level. Such a charge, manufactured at currently under-utilized facilities, would significantly contribute to the number of charges available to support mobilizationrequirements. Additionally, solventless propellants retain their extruded dimensions with less distortionthan solvent propellants, leading to better physical uniformity, thus reducing the labor and cost of blendingpropellants to obtain the required ballistic uniformity. ARDEC-sponsored investigations includepropellant producibility, ballistic acceptability, safety and other charge design related areas. As part of thisseries of investigations, ARDEC requested that the Ballistic Research Laboratory (BRL) examine theeffect on wear of the substitution of the solventless propellant for the standard M31A1E1 propellant.

In the BRL portion of the evaluation of the M203A1 solventless stick propelling charge, gun tube walltemperatures were measured to determine if the heat input into the cannon with this charge wascomparable to that with the 155-mm, M203A1, stick propelling charge. From previous ballistic data, it wasdetermined that eliminating the combustible case i and duitlive liner io'wers pressure but increases theheat input into the cannon near the origin of rifling, thus increasing wear and erosion. Utilizing thisinformation, possible charge variations were developed to examine the effect of several charge componentson the heat transferred to the gun tube.

11. EXPEkIMENTAL

A charge test matrix was developed by ARDEC and BRL to compare heat input from a solventlesscharge with similar components to that from a standard M203A1 charge. Further, an attempt was madeto determine what effect the addition of flash-reducing agents and the removal of the wear-reducing lineror combustible case would have on the heat input to the gun wall.

A. Test Matrix

The ballistic test consisted of fourteen, control, M203A1, solvent stick propelling charges, LotIND85M738-1B-3 and twenty eight, experimental, M203A1, solventless stick propelling charges. ARDEC-

1

N w

Ln4

0

Lg

00~

zz

ccLU L

SL0IL. ' IC

0 LU

zC.C6

C.))

mm

0.U

0 u2

z00a

-i zIs. WA

I- 00u4

x

CV) cc0ZwN WoJ cz 5

00 I0

zLo 15 ;: 1 fU)

T-LJQ IQ x

z c

0 CL)

uJU

(A.

JLU

j0

39

developed XM41, solventless, slotted stick propellant, Lot RAD-PD-736-8C was used in all the solventlessexperimental charges. PXR6325 projectiles, Lot 1OP86D002S067, were used with both the solventless andsolvent charges. All charges were conditioned at twenty one degrees Celsius for twenty four hours prior tofiring.

The solventless charges were subdivided into five sets, consisting of the following components:

1. Variation 1. Seven charges contained 11.39 kg of solventless propellant, a combustible case,

basepad, and TiO2/wax liner.

2. Variation 2. Seven charges contained 11.39 kg of solventless propellant, a combustible case, and

basepad.

3. Variation 3. Six charges contained 11.39 kg of solventless propellant, a combustible case, basepad,TiO 2/wax liner, and a 0.113-kg KNO 3 flash reducer.

4. Variation 4. Seven charges contained 11.39 kg of solventless propellant, a combustible case,

basepad, TiO2/wax liner, and a 0.113-kg K2SO, flash reducer.

5. Variation 5. One charge contained 11.39 kg of solventless propellant and a basepad.

B. Test Firings

The gun fuings were conducted at the Ballistic Research Laboratory's Sandy Point Firing Facility (R-18), in a 155-mm, M199 cannon, serial no. 32000. The M199 cannon was modified to accept two Kistler

607C4 piezoelectric pressure transducers and five thermocouples. Chamber pressure measurements weremade by modifying the M199 cannon's spindle to accept one pressure transducer and machining a

thrcaded port 904.2 mm from the rear face of the tube (RFT) at the 12 o'clock position to accommodatethe second pressure transducer in the tube sidewall. A schematic showing the gage anA thermocouplelocations is given in Figure 3.

FOUR THE RMOCOUPLES 900 APART MOUNTED NEARORIGIIN OF RIFLING, .060 INCH FROM INSIDE LAND

PRESSURE GAGESONE AT PROJECIILE BASE.

ONE IN BREECH

Figure 3: Gage and Thermocouple Schematic

4

To obtain the heat input measurements, holes were drilled in the gun tube sidewall at the desired

thermocouple locations to a depth at 1.59 mm from the bore surface. Constantan wires 0.13 mm indiameter were welded to the bottoms6 of the holes using a capacitive discharge technique to formconstantan-gun steel thermocouples near the bore surface. Four thermocouples were located at 3, 6, 9,and 12 o'clock positions at a distance of 1060 mm from the RFT at the origin of rifling. An additionaldownbore thermocouple was located at 12 o'clock at 1524 mm from the RFT. This technique was initiallydeveloped by Brosseau3 to measure wall temperatures in 37-mm guns. The technique was modified forthis M199 cannon to determine the extent of asymmetric heating in a 155-mm howitzer.4 The asymmetricheating study provided a reasonable data base for the evaluation of solventless heating.

A calibration factor of 52 microvolts per degree Kelvin was used to compare known voltage calibrationsteps to the response of the thermocouples. The maximum temperature change for each thermocouplewas noted for each round. The heating effects of the various rounds in this study, as well as in Reference4, were expressed in the maximum temperature change. The maximum temperature change at each

thermocouple is a reasonable measure of heat input from the various charges since all the rounds hadsimilar maximum pressures and pressure durations. Given the pressure similarities, the assumption wasmade that the heat input took place in the same amount of time for all of the rounds.

A 15-GHz continuous wave doppler radar and discriminator were used to obtain on-line velocity/timerecords.

The maximum breech and forward pressures, differential pressure, projectile velocity and change intemperatures were recorded and reduced by the Ballistic Data Acquisition System (BALDAS) under thecontrol of a PDP 11/45 minicomputer.

III. RESULTS

The maximum pressures, muzzle velocities and sample sizes for all the firings are summarized in Table1. The maximum temperature changes for the thermocouples at three positions at the origin of rifling aresummarized in Table 2. The two other thermocople positions - origin of rifling at 9 o'clock and downbore- are not included due to the failure of the thermocouple junction at these positions for most of therounds.

5

Variation 1 was the substitution of solventless propellant for the standard M31AIE1 slick propcllant.Breech pressure-time and pressure difference (forward - rear gages) plots are given for the standardM203A1 and the solventless propellant M203A1 in Figures 4 and 5 respectively. A complete record of thepressure-time curves and thermocouple plots are contained in Appendix B. The maximum pressure andmuzzle velocity were higher for the solventless variation in comparison to the standard M203A1 charge.The cause of these higher values was attributed to the fact that the solventless charges were fired with 0.3kg more propellant than was required to ballistically match the M203A1 charge. The maximum change intemperatures with these charges agreed within the scatter of the data with the standard charge, indicatingno effect on thermal erosion produced by substitution of the solventless propellant for the solventpropellant. The temperature-time traces for a solventless M203A1 firing are given in Figure 6. Thesetraces are typical of all those obtained in this study.

BREECH, FORWARD & DELTA PRESSURE

00

35@

300

c3

U)

so-

_50 -1-

is 2030 .1 0I cI[ ( MS )

Figure 4: Breech Pressure and Pressure Difference, Standard M203AI

BREECH. FORWARD & DELTA PRESSURE

350

30

490

LAJr,

(I)

LUI

lea

IS 0 30TI I LI. (H I

Figure 5: Breech Pressure and Pressure Difference, Solventless M203AI

6

Sample Breech Forward MuzzleCharge Size Pressure Pressure Velocity

(MPa) (MPa) (m/s)

M203A1 14 366 325 827

Solventless/ liner 7 380 334 839

Solventless/ wo litver 7 364 321 835

Solventless/ KNO 3 6 384 350 844

Solventless/ K2SO4 7 382 340 841

Solventless/ no case 297 262 794

Table 1. Pressures and Velocity

Sample Max Temp Rise (°C) Avg atCharge Size 12 3 6 Origin

M203A1 14 113±8 81±3 108±3 101±5

Solventless/ liner 7 116±8 82±3 114±4 104±3

Solventless/ wo liner 7 119±6 87±2 120±3 110±4

Solventless/ KNO 3 6 115±5 83±2 113±2 105±3

Solventless/ K2SO4 7 116±8 82±2 111±2 105±5

Solventless/ no case 1 139 -- 138 133±10

Table 2. Thermocouple Data

7

2S5

l ogLU7

a

i- soLU

25

0 5 li0 Iso 200 250 300T ME iMs

Figure 6: Temperature Changes at Thermocouple Locations 1-4

Variation 2 was the solventless charge without the TiO2/wax/lead liner. As expected from previous

experience with the M203A1, this variation resulted in reduced pressures and velocities in comparison tothose from Variation 1. This reduction should be expected, since the elimination of the liner effectivelyincreased the chamber volume. The temperature measurements were slightly higher at all of thethermocouple positions. The temperature results indicate the minimal effect of the wear reducing additivein this charge.

Variations 3 and 4 were the solventless charges with flash reducers of KNO3 or K2SO4. Higherpressures and velocities were seen with the flash reducer shots when compared with other solventlessrounds due to the reduction of free chamber volume. The flash reducers produced no effect on thetemperature increases.

Variation 5 consisted of a solventless charge without the combustible cartridge case. The pressures andvelocities were less than the other solventless rounds due to reduction of the amount of energetic materialin the charge and the effective increase in chamber volume due to the elimination of the case and parasiticcomponents. The maximum temperature at the two measured positions increased dramatically over theother solventless charges. These results were anticipated because the combustible case has a flametemperature near 2200 K while the flame temperature of the solventless propellant is approximately 2737K. The combustible case not only reduces the effective flame temperature of the entire charge, but has anadded cooling effect in that gases from its combustion are produced near the boundary layer, thecharacteristics of which govern the heat input to the tube.

IV. CONCLUSIONS

From the data gathered in this study, we can draw several conclusions regarding the effect several ofthe charge constituents have on the amount of heat transferred to the gun tube during the interior ballisticcycle.

8

A combustible-cased charge containing solventless XM41 propellant does not appear to be moreerosive than the standard M203A1 charge containing M31A1E1 stick propellant, based on the amount ofheat input at the origin of rifling.

The wear reducing additive in the solventless charge reduces the maximum temperature change, andthus the heat input, at the origin of rifling. The magnitude of the reduction appears small; however,testing performed during the M203A1, product improvement program predicted a wear life significantlylower without the liner.

The addition of a flash reducer in the amount typical of that in a fielded charge (0.113 kg) does notaffect the amount of heat transferred to the gun tube. It does, however, increase the maximum chamberpressure to the degree expected.

The elimination of the combustible cartridge case significantly increases the heat input at the origin ofrifling, as expected. The cooling effect of the entrainment of the case gases, which are cooler than thoseof the propellant, into the boundary layer was dramatically demonstrated by the the comparison of thetemperature rise in the vicinity of the origin of rifling with cased and uncased charges.

9

REFERENCES

1. T.L. Brosseau, I.C. Stobie, J.R. Ward and R.W. Geene, "120-mm Gun Heat Input Measurements,"

BRL-TR-02413, US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, July 1982.

2. F.A. Vassallo, "An Evaluation of Heat Transfer and Erosion in the 155-mm M 185 Cannon," Technical

Report No. VL-5337-5-1, Calspan Corporation, Buffalo, NY, July 1976.

3. T.L. Brosseau, "An Experimental Method of Accurately Determining the Temperature Distribution and

Heat Transferred in Gun Barrels," BRL-R-1740, US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, AberdeenProving Ground, MD, September 1974.

4. D.L. Kruczynski, "Gun Tube/Charge/Projectile Interactions and Gun Tube Wear," BRL-TR-3004, US

Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, June 1989.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors wish to thank the crew at Range 18 - Messrs. J. Bowen, J. Hewitt, J. Stabile, R. May, J.Tuerk, D. Meier, and S. Little - for the experimental support in conducting the firing program.

10

APPENDIX A

Description Sheets for XM41 and M3AE1 Propellants

11

IM'ENTONALLY LXEFT BUANK.

12

XM41

P AF ROPELLYAMMNTO LNT .S RADFORD, SHA. DunO-7--4

CObv Cetr SMQtEN ae 101 /8 37.214 o PT1 0 mlb *~

MAX % ____m__

1131 - - 10ANU ACTURL OF .... !L...N! mc ACU

0.5 m/c oain Lodenist nte-- -08

700 cccleloa df 38

CONSWUNTPOROULAAD M A

uaiin- 200 ±10-- NoFue -Ih

Nitroglycri n manfacure by. RAA; Oirgaiiemfacue byOAN SnlWr A.AP

1.3

N131AIE1

'Aane allyOR AYMUuNITION PLANT, RAFRmm, VA.~ AAgUC40

AC Inn=as OUM Los MT91"Cwl .. atrC 1" 31C

so 12.92 -184p

-te.tooemueetu upeciftlonerequiren..,,:

McmUI 2a43 mbin hold 4

Incrase t A' n-rhour2514

APPENDIX B

Computer generated plots of breech, forward, and delta (breech minus forward) pressures, andthcrmocouple output.

(Plots are in order of firing).

15

INTnTimoNALLY LEVI BLANK.

16

PROPELLANT LINER FLASH

RD # TYPE Yes/No REDUCER

36 M31AIEI Y ---

37 XM41 Y ---

38 M31IE1 Y ---

39 XM41 N ---

40 M3AIEl Y ---

41 XM41 N ---

42 XM41 Y ---

43 M31IE1 Y ---

44 M31AIE1 Y ---

45 XM41 Y ---

46 XM41 N ---

47 M31A1E1 Y ---

48 XM41 Y K2so 449 XM41 Y KNO

50 M31AIE1 Y ---

51 XM41 Y KSO 4

52 XM41 Y KNO 3

53 M3IAIE1 Y ---

54 XM41 Y KSO4

55 XM41 Y KNO

56 M31IE1 Y ---

57 XM41 Y KSO 4

58 XM41 Y KNO

59 M31AIE1 Y

60 XM41 Y ---

61 XM41 N ---

62 M3lIAE1 Y ---

63 XM41 Y

64 XM41 N

65 XM41 Y ---

17

PROPELLANT LINER FLASHRD # TYPE Ycs/No REDUCER

66 XN141 N--

67 XM41 Y--

68 XN141 N--

69 N131AlEl Y--

70 XM41 Y

71 XM41 N--

72 XM41 Y K 2 S0 473 XM41 Y KNO 374 M31AlEl Y--

75 XM41 Y K 2 SO 476 XM141 Y KNO 377 M31A1E1 Y--

78 XM41 Y K 2S0 4

18

WEAR 36BREECH c. FORWORO PRESSURE

'Is,

389

0-

250

S 290-

Q Is*0-

.

TIME (M1S)

WEAlR 36DELTA P

76-

0-

-25as 30 i 9s4)s

TIM 2MS

DAA OS

a-9

WEAR 37BREECH PRESSURE

RIs@

355-

a0. 300

2S@

LA]

205-CA

01 7 2 .2 27 32 37 42TIME (MS)

DATA LOST

WEAR 37TC *0, 90. 180, 270 DEG

126

0. 765m

I

-AJ

25-

* so 5 le Is 209 210 3ioTIME (MS)

20

WEAR 38BREECH & FORWARD PRESSURE

-"

ties

35,

250

D 200

w M

too-

soi00

ii 23 28 i3 38 43TIME (MS)

WEAR 39DELTA P

IS'

75

5-

LiJ

LL

Id

2S Is23 is i3 i8 43

TIME (MS)

WEAR 38TC 0 , 90. 180. 270 DEG

126

w

C.. 75IJ

-J

25

S so oS 5i 25O 25@ 300

TIME (MS)

21

WEAR 39BREECH. & FORWARD PRESSURE

S300

259

La

Ir ISOC-

TIME (MS53

WEAR 39DELTA P

7S

0.

5 so

w

as.

TIME (MS)

WEAR 39TC .9. 99. 190. 279

Iff

CIE

4- 7;-j

as

lie O ISO 20 215., 305TIME (MS1

22

WEAR 40499 BREECH & FORWARD PRESSURE

'I"

3SOJ

2se

266

LiS Is#

IGO

68

16 21 62 1 ITIME (MS)

WEAR 40DELTA P

7S

2S.

CL

-2 s - Ii

TIME (MS)

WEAR 40TC 0. 90, M, i 270 DEG

CL 761

a Go

2S L

TIME (MS)

23

BREECH I FOrW11LR ITELCSIREI4se

46B-

3SOe

a 3eO0:

C')

1:9

:L

TIME (MS)

WEAR 41its DELTA P

76

a

CLJ

TIME (MS)

WEAR 4 1TC 0 . 9o. 180. 270 DEG

(X so

1-5

-j

a 7

2-

a

224

WEHR 4'BREECH & I-ORVPID 1CLS;UrE

I&SO

400

300

260w

200

.U

" ISO

so

19 a' 934 30 44'TIME IMS)

WEAR 42Iffu- DELTA P

7 -

20.

Lso

w

0.

Is 2's 22 3'I 30 lTIME (MS)

WEAR 42TC 0 e. 90. 180. 270 DEG

126

IJ IO

0

$0 los.O 20 S O

I-

a gI--Ja

2S

S 0 so lt li i 29 1TIME (MS)

25

BREECH & I-Oli! ILU

Qs-

250

hicn

ISOso

10 i4 i9 44

TIME (MS)

WLFR 43DELTA P

7s

a0..L

26

CL.

-asIS 24 29 W

TIME (MS)

WEAR 43TC 6 0. 99, 190 DEG

ISO

129

hlo

75

I"-

I-

29

Si Ile IeO 2OO 2gi 3"

TIME (MS)

26

WEAR 44BREECH &FORWARD PRESSURE

360-

a~

20

wmW

017 22 27 i2 37 412TIME 01S)

WEAR 414DELTA P

79

0.

so.

2SSE

a..

-2 2 7i i 9

go. 750 0 80 7 E

126-

- 7

as

DELTl TEMP (DE

27

WEAR 45B~REECH FORAR PRLESSURIE

360-

260-

Of ISO0.

If

17 22 22 37 1TIME (MS)

WEAR '45DELTA P

lee

26-

0-

TIME (MS)

WEAR 45TC 0G. 99. 190. 279 DEG

LU

a S

0. is le li6il iTIE(S

W2

WEfk 116

BREECH & FORWARD PRSSURE

q gov .".-

0-.

2s.

1*4

200

LiJ

0-

IO

l

019 24 28 3 0TIME (MS)

WEAR 46DELTA P

C5

ix

-I

.

.

TIME (MS)

WEAR 46TC 0.O 90, 180 DEG

r26-

InS

_,

Li IN.

0T $0

I--Jwa

21

so lie lie 2go 260 StTIME (MS)

29

WEHP 11,;SR[FCH FPJ l IF:'~

350

a .30

250

20

w0! is#

0.

I"

20 30 ;5 lie uslTIME (MS)

WEAR '47Iff. DELTA P

7S-

0.

sa.

TIE MS

nER 4

CL

.a

In.

LuJ

a t

TIME (MS)

30

WEAR 49

: GO BREECH &FORWARD PRESSURE

36e-

300

0) 20

u

20 No a035IsTIME (MS)

WEAR 48

____________DELTA P

75

26.

TIME (MS)

WEAR '49TC a 0, 90, 199 DEG

* 2

76

a

0

4 lid lie 20 no0 weTIME (MS)

31


C 300

260iJi

200

Lu

0-

o.-

20 lit 35 IS '1TIME (MS)

DATA LOST

WEAR 49TC *0, 90, 180 DEG

126I~ 110

LJ

m. 76

1:

-jS

26

a 4 40 tie gig 25e 39

TIME (MS)

32

WEAR 5eBREECH & FORWARD PRESSURE

3 p'

ca 300

2SeCd

206

LU

a. Is@CL

lea-

2026 3035 44S1TIME (MS)

WEAR 50DELTA P

I.S-

75

Ld

LU

-2 0 5is4 0 65TIME (MS)

WEAR 50TC 0 9. 9, 180 DEG

ise

1 2r

LAC)

sC N 4ISOS

0. 76X:

a

as

00 so lie do. Rio IN 300

TIME (MS)

33

WEAR 5!0 BREECH & FURWPRD PIESUkE

3S0

CE 300

260

L.A

200

Is@

20 es JJ UfI llIi ( H: )

DATA LOST

WEAR S1rC e 0. 90, 180 DEG

12.

too

X" 76,w

I-00a-

L.J

I- I1 , S

a

THK 50s

34


se

35S-

380

260

S200

CL.

14e

Sa3

[IME (MS)

DATA LOST

WEAR 52TC Q 0, 90. 180 DEG

76

I0-

80 so e IO ' .. . .2 AN

TIME (MS)

35

WEAR S3BREECH PREESSURE

35@

c 300

250LdD) 200-

(og

Li

29.

02 25 36 is 45TIME (MS)

DATA LOST

WEARP 53TC e 0. 90. 180 DEG

I GO .%'

12

LiJ

0 7

hat6'

2r

is lie IS iO i-s NTIME (MS)

36

WEPR 54BREECH PRESSURE46-

4..

2i56

C,)

go-lU"o

O25 3o 35; 4i 45 sB

TIME ("S)

DATA LOST

WEAR 54TC 0. 90. 180 DEG

12S

CIL 76

_iJ

TIME (MS)

37

WLFk Y,BILLCII & FOIkWIIU. I1-1 .L&I,

350.

CE 300

250LJ

(A'(J)

c ISO

CLlog

I H L I1I;

WEAR 55DEL1A P

lIe

76

aa_- S.

w

c 25Ld

-2S20 ;w 3 ~

1111E (11S)

WEAR 55TC e0, 90, 180 DEC

IGO

0 leL&I

-JL. 76

2S,

0 ai l tie 2i 160 of*

TIME (MS)

38


3SS

300

260

LaJ

S 200

Is@

le-

20 u .vI IIL (HIS)

WEAR 56DELTA P

lee

75

a-

,'-i

L'-I

-2s

TIME (MS)

WEAR 56TC e 0. 90. 180 DEG

12r.

lee

L.J

In

2-

a

,-J

riME (MS)

39


366*

300

259.

LaA: Is.

I..

TItlE (M:'.')

WEA~R S7DELTAl P

7511

CL'

Laii

lT11L (M:5

WEAR S7rC 0. 90, 180 DEG

Lui

a

c-jLa

I-M

a40


359

a 3000.

269LaJ

20.

U,

0 ISO

I.,l

so

29 L 304

TIME (I-IS)

WEAR 58DELTA P

7S

be25

aa.

2IN 8 2E rIIME (Hc)

WEHR S8Tc U 90, 180 DEC

IZ25

(J

IL

-

41

WUAR 59BREECH &FURWPRD PRESSUIkL

30

0

0.

ISO

so

U

20 2s Ilo

WEA~R 59DELTA P

lot

7S

a

0.

cn

0.

TPIC (IS)

WEA~R 59

126

aso

I-.

04-S, so ft lo ai i 9

TIME (M S)

42

WEAlR 60BREECH & FORWARD PRESSURE

14se

3:0

30.

2:9

S 200

C')

(n

L)

750

0-

20 S 26 '5 0 is ti

TIME (MS)

WEAR 60ELT 0 Pg,19 E

LJ

2

lie 25 i fe 3

TIME (MS)

43P 6

WEAR 61BREECH & FORWARD PRESSUREuse -

flee-

350-

369

Ise

I se-

,A)(/)uJc• ", 50-0,.

be-'

20 25 us251TIME (MS)

WEAR 61DELTfl Plee,

a--

CL0:

e j 25LU

0-2

-2Ss S 3o 45TIME (MS)

WEPR 61TC 0 0. 90. 180 DEG

is,

C.- SO

LUa75

-a

li lie A to zo Aso 308TIME 111Si

44


1600

3Sa

3e0

202N

(I-)

r, ISO-

ISO"

2* 25 13 OTIME (MS)

WEAR 62DELIA Ple

75

LA

La

00.

TIME (MS)

WEAR 62TC * 0, 90, 180 DEG

125

Slee

0. 76

LLJ

aso

LU

26

s li do 24 24 3

TIME IMS)

45

WEAR 63BREECH & FORWAJRD PRESSURE

a: 300

20

L.JCL: 15a_

TIME (MS)

WEA~R 63

7S

L:

C')

TIME (HS)

WEA-R 63IC *0. 90 180 DEG

ISO

126

Q- 76LJ

a s-j

TIME (MS)

46

WEAR 6'4BREECH P.FORWPRD PRESSURE

400

358

250

aso

a 0i 30I V lTIM (MS)

cn:

Id

26.

TIME (MS)

WEAR 64

Is

Id

SS

a. 7

000 o lt le go Ii

TIE MS

S.-7

WEAR 65BRIENC FORWARD PRESSUPE

30

C'-

E:250-

w

to is t.i

TIME (MS)

WEAR 65DELTA P

ice

751

Lu

CL

tois- i'

TIME (MS)

WEAR 65rc 0, 90, 100 DEG

]so~

12

C-)

oB

I-

a sn-

TIME IllS)

48


-100

350

269

260

Idcc

TIM ISO-

0..

199.

to 252

0

I 26 20 II 30 Oil

TIME IMS)

WEAR 66DELTA P

75

12

IOCL

-2.to is 20 O 6

TIME (MS)

WEAR 66

12

10

X:La

a-j

TIMIE (MS)

49


40

3S0

CX 366

259

LLJ

(k

so)

',, IG6

0-6S

to 3 33 43

TIME (MS)

WEAR 67DELTA P

7S

x 596C,w

-

0.

-21 is _________It_________1_______ 3__

TIME (MS)

WEAR 67TC 0.O 180 DEG15

,@r i

C- 7S.L'i

I-

a1- 64-J

0

6 li 0 it lie ifo 3"

TIME (MS)

50

WEAR baBREECH & FORWARD PRESSURE

4SO

3S0

ct 300

2S0L~J

koo

of ISO

L

100

r, 50

2I S 30 36 411 4TIME (MS)

WEAR 68DELTA P

boo

7S

cr

a

Q.

3 u 3t, 40 4'STIME (MS)

WEAR 68

TC * 0. 180 DEGI SB

126

A3

76czi0o

.j-AJ

26

0 0 100 150 200 260 3U0

TIME IMS)

51


460

4S0

350

cI: 300

250

L.J

c ISO"C-

I.,-

0"

TIME (MS)

WEAR 69DELTA P

7S

a.-

co s0- 2sO

w

0.

-25 30 35 40 4 53

TINE (MS)

WEAR 69TC e 0. 180 DEG

Iso

126-

[as1e)

o 100

0- 676

a

26

6 IO IS 00 0

TIME (MS)

52

DATA LOST

DATA LOST

DATA LOST

53


'410

350

a 300

250

IdD 266

C,, 1Q

0.

0

TIME IMS)

WEAR 71DELTA P

I@

75

0"x so-

Id

C,,

La

Q5 6 5 0 66TIME (MS)

WEAR 71fC Q .180 DEG

120

U.1

e e~

I

00

i- 562

TIME (MS)

54


'ISO

356

cl: 306a-

2so.

So0.

0 2S, t

TIME (MS)

DATA LOST

WEAR 72Is@TC 0. 180 DEGle

w

aso

LI

2 16

I--

2 2ie,' 2if 2I 3

TIME (MS)

55

WEAR 73BREECH &FORWARD PRESSURE

452

3::

ISO

Is&

~ so

8$- 28 40 4S

TIME (MS.)

WEAR 73DELTA P

76

a-

ISO

12-

10

so-

76-

Idle le 6TIE MS

256

WEAR 74BREECH & FORWARD PkESSURE

35,-

ci 300-

409

250

I0d

cr IS

CL

20 30 36 460 45TIME (MS)

WEAR 74DELTA P

75-

a

0G

(n~

1,3

-25

as is3sis 41

TIME (Mq)

WEAR 74

TC 0. 180 DEG

IKl

126

Mo I0(L 76

25,

0 $0 ItO 150 200 250TIME (MS)

57

WEA~R 75BREECH &FORWARD PRESSSU

WEAR 76____ REECH &FORWARD PRESSURE

460 - _____________ _ _ _ _ -

360

a 39

20LU

L

TiE ;-j AS4)4

WEAR 76DELTA P

7S

a.

: 60

C/) 2S

CL

6 s 48 446

TIME (MS)

WEAR 76TC la 0. 120 DEG

!6 - __

126

Li ac

LUJ

LUJ

It-

So 10 le 24a

-JC MS

LU9

WEAR 77BREECH & FORWARD PRLOURE

350

260

200

169

a. s3

5a20 25 30d 4j

1IM[ (MS)

WEAR 77DELTA P

too

7S5

60"

40 2 S - - S IIw

TIME (MS)

WEAR 77TC 0 e. 180 DEG

1s

126,

..J

e

0. 7

aso

I-

I-sB

0 So too is@ 2"t tia 3irIME (MS)

60

WEAR 7813RLLCII & ORWPRD PRLSSUk-L

460 - -

6

300

so30

w-

25-wCY

100

C 76

to fiS lie '4620 ,

11M1 IMW)

WE617

INT77D(fONALLY LMF BLANK.

62

No of No ofCopies Organization £Qks Organizaion

Office of the Secretary of Defense 1 DirectorOUSD(A) US Army Aviation ResearchDirector, Live Fire Testing and Technology ActivityATTN: James F. O'Bryon Ames Research CenterWashington, DC 20301-3110 Moffett Field, CA 94035-1099

2 Administrator 1 CommanderDefense Technical Info Center US Army Missile CommandATTN: DTIC-DDA ATTN: AMSMI-RD-CS-R (DOC)Cameron Station Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898-5010Alexandria, VA 22304-6145

1 CommanderHQDA (SARD-TR) US Army Tank-Automotive CommandWASH DC 20310-0001 ATITN: AMSTA-TSL (Technical Library)

Warren, MI 48397-5000CommanderUS Army Materiel Command 1 DirectorATTN: AMCDRA-ST US Army TRADOC Analysis Command5001 Eisenhower Avenue ATTN: ATAA-SLAlexandria, VA 22333-0001 White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002-5502

Commander (cWre ,uy) 1 CommandantUS Army Laboratory Command US Army Infantry SchoolATTN: AMSLC-DL ATTN: ATSH-CD (Security Mgr.)Adelphi, MD 20783-1145 Fort Benning, GA 31905-5660

2 Commander (Uam . 1y) 1 CommandantUS Army, ARDEC US Army Infantry SchoolATN: SMCAR-IMI-I ATTN: ATSH-CD-CSO-ORPicatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000 Fort Benning, GA 31905-5660

2 Commander 1 Air Force Armament LaboratoryUS Army, ARDEC A'ITN: AFATL/DLODLATTN: SMCAR-TDC Eglin AFB, FL 32542-5000Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000

Aberdeen Proving GroundDirectorBenet Weapons Laboratory 2 Dir, USAMSAAUS Army, ARDEC ATTN: AMXSY-DATN: SMCAR-CCB-TL AMXSY-MP, H. CohenWatervliet, NY 12189-4050 1 Cdr, USATECOM

ATTN: AMSTE-TDCommander 3 Cdr, CRDEC, AMCCOMUS Army Armament, Munitions AITN: SMCCR-RSP-A

and Chemical Command SMCCR-MUATTN: SMCAR-ESP-L SMCCR-MSIRock Island, IL 61299-5000 1 Dir, VLAMO

ATTN: AMSLC-VL-DCommanderUS Army Aviation Systems CommandAITN: AMSAV-DACL4300 Goodfellow Blvd.St. Louis, MO 63120-1798

63

No. of No. ofCwp'S QrQn j Organization

Commander 3 PEO-ArmamentsUSA Concepts Analysis Agency Project MangerATTN: D. Hardison Tank Main Armament Systems8120 Woodmont Avenue ATTN: AMCPM-TMA, K. RussellBethesda, MD 2(X)14-2797 AMCPM-TMA-105

AMCPM-TMA- 120C.I.A. Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-500001 R/DB/StandardWashington, DC 20505 1 Commander

US Army, ARDECUS Army Ballistic Missile ATTN: SMCAR-AEE

Defense Systems Command Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000Advanced Technology CenterP.O. Box 1500 8 CommanderHuntsville, AL 35807-3801 US Army, ARDEC

ATTN: SMCAR-AEE-B,Chairman A. BeardellDoD Explosives Safety Board B. BrodmanRoom 856-C D. DownsHoffman Bldg. I S. Einstein2461 Eisenhower Avenue S. WestleyAlexandria, VA 22331-0600 S. Bernstein

C. RollerCommander J. RutkowskiUS Army Materiel Command Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000ATTN: AMCPM-GCM-WF5001 Eisenhower Avenue 2 CommanderAlexandria, VA 22333-5001 US Army, ARDEC

ATTN: SMCAR-AES, S. KaplowiczCommander D. SpringUS Army Materiel Command Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000ATTN: AMCDE-DW5001 Eisenhower Avenue 2 CommanderAlexandria, VA 22333-5001 US Army, ARDEC

ATTN: SMCAR-HFM, E. Barrieres4 Project Manager SMCAR-CCH-V, C. Mandala

Autonomous Precision-Guided Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000Munition (APGM)

US Army, ARDEC I CommanderATTN: AMCPM-CW US Army, ARDEC

AMCPM-CWW ATTN: SMCAR-FSA-T, M. SalsburyAMCPM-CWS, M. Fisett Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000AMCPM-CWA-S, R. DeKlcine

Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000 1 Commander, USACECOMR&D Technical Library

2 Project Manager ATTN: ASQNC-ELC-I-T, Myer CenterPioduction Base Modej-nizatiun Agency Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703-5301ATTN: AMSMC-PBM, A. Siklosi

AMSMC-PBM-E, L. LaibsonPicatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000

64

No. ofC(plics Organization

No. ofCommander c (kgafi0US Army Harry Diamond LaboratoricsATTN: SLCHD-TA-L 1 Commander2800 Powder Mill Rd US Army Research OfficeAdelphi, MD 20783-1145 ATTN: Technical Library

P. O. Box 12211Commandant Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211US Army Aviation SchoolATTN: Aviation Agency 1 CommanderFort Rucker, AL 36360 US Army Belvoir Research and

Development CenterProject Manager A'ITN: STRBE-WCUS Army Tank-Automotive Command Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-5006Improved TOW VehicleATTN: AMCPM-ITV I DirectorWarren, MI 48397-5000 US Army TRAC-Ft Lee

Defense Logistics Studies2 Program Manager Fort Lee, VA 23801-6140

US Army Tank-Automotive CommandATTN: AMCPM-ABMS, T. Dean 1 CommandantWarren, MI 48092-2498 US Army Command and General

Staff CollegeProject Manager Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027US Army Tank-Automotive CommandFighting Vehicle Systems 1 CommandantATTN: AMCPM-BFVS US Army Special Warfare SchoolWarren, MI 48092-2498 ATTN: Rev and Tng Lit Div

Fort Bragg, NC 28307President

US Army Armor and Engineer Board 3 CommanderATTN: ATZK-AD-S Radford Army Ammunition PlantFort Knox, KY 40121-5200 ATIN: SMCAR-QA/HI LIB

Radford, VA 24141-0298Project Manager

US Army Tank-Automotive Command I CommanderM-60 Tank Development US Army Foreign Science andATTN: AMCPM-ABMS Technology CenterWarren, MI 48092-2498 ATMN: AMXST-MC-3

220 Seventh Street, NECommander Charlottesville, VA 22901-5396US Army Training and Doctrine CommandATTN: ATCD-MA, MAJ Williams 2 CommanderFort Monroe, VA 23651 Naval Sea Systems Command

ATTN: SEA 62R2 Director SEA 64

US Army Materials Technology Washington. DC 20362-5101Laboratory

ATTN: SLCMT-ATL 1 CommanderWatertown, MA 02172-0001 Naval Air Systems Command

ATrN: AIR-954-Technical LibraryWashington, DC 20360

65

No. of No. ofC'Qpi~j Qrganizati CQDiI Orgnizaioin

Assistant Secretary of the Navy 5 Commander(R, E, and S) Naval Surface Warfare Center

ATTN: R. Reichenbach ATTN: Code G33, J. L. EastRoom 5E787 W. BurrellPentagon Bldg J. JohndrowWashington, DC 20375 Code G23, D. McClure

Code DX-21 Technical LibraryNaval Research Laboratory Dahlgren. VA 22448-5000Technical LibraryWashington, DC 20375 3 Commander

Naval Weapons CenterCommandant ATN: Code 388, C. F. PriceUS Army Command and General Code 3895, T. Parr

Staff College Information Science DivisionFort Leavenworth, KS 66027 China Lake, CA 93555-6001

2 Commandant I Program ManagerUS Army Field Artillery Center AFOSR

and School Directorate of Aerospace ScwcncesATTN: ATSF-CO-MW, B. Willis ATTN: L. H. CavenyFt. Sill, OK 73503-5600 Boiling AFB

Washington, DC 20332-0001Office of Naval ResearchATTN: Code 473, R. S. Miller 5 Commander800 N. Quincy Street Naval Ordnance StationArlington, VA 22217-9999 ATTN: L. Torreyson

T. C. Smith3 Commandant D. Brooks

US Army Armor School W. ViennaATTN: ATZK-CD-MS, M. Falkovitch Technical LibraryArmor Agency Indian Head, MD 20640-5000Fort Knox, KY 40121-5215

1 ALTSTL (Technical Library)2 Commander ATTN: J. Lamb

US Naval Surface Warfare Center Edwards AFB, CA 93523-50(X)ATfN: J. P. Consaga

C. Gotzmer 1 AFATL/DLYVIndian Head, MD 20640-5000 Eglin AFB, FL 32542-5000

4 Commander I AFATL/DLXPNaval Surface Warfare Center Eglin AFB, FL 32542-5000ATTN: Code 240, S. Jacobs

Code 730 1 AFATL/DUECode R-13, K. Kim Eglin AFB, FL 32542-5000

R. BemeckerSilver Spring, MD 20903-5000 1 NASA/Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center

ATTN: NHS-22 Library Section2 Commanding Officer Houston, TX 77054

Naval Underwater Systems CenterATTN: Code 5B331, R. S. Lazar I AFELM, The Rand CorporationTechnical Library ATTN: Library DNewport, RI 02840 1700 Main Street

Santa Monica, CA 90401-3297

66

No. of No. ofCopies Organization CQpIg Organization

3 AAI Corporation I Hercules, Inc.ATTN: J. Herbert Radford Army Ammunition Plant

J. Frankle ATTN: J. PierceD. Cleveland Radford, VA 24141.0299

P. 0. Box 126Hunt Valley, MD 21030-0126 3 Lawrence Livermore National

LaboratoryAerojet Ordnance Company ATTN: L-355, A. BuckinghamATTN: D. Thatcher M. FingerP.O. Box 296 L-324, M. ConstantinoAzusa, CA 91702 P. 0. Box 808

Livermore, CA 94550-0622Acrojet Solid Propulsion CompanyAT-IN: P. Micheli I Olin CorporationSarcramento, CA 96813 Badger Army Ammunition Plant

AUFN: R. J. ThiedeAtlantic Research Corporation Baraboo, WI 53913ATTN: M. King5390 Cherokee Avenue I Olin CorporationAlexandria, VA 22312-2302 Smokeless Powder Operation

ATTN: D. C. Mann4 AL/LSCF P. 0. Box 222

ATTN: J. Levine St. Marks, FL 32355-0222L. QuinnD. Williams I Paul Gough Associates, Inc.T. Edwards ATrN: Dr. Paul S. Gough

Edwards AFB, CA 93523-5000 1048 South StreetPortsmouth, NH 03801-5423

AVCO Everett Research Laboratory

ATTN: D. Stickler I Physics International Company2385 Revere 3each Parkway ATTN: Library, H. Wayne WamplkrEverett, MA 02149-5936 2700 Merced Street

San Leandro, CA 98457-56022 Cal span CorporationATTN: C. Murphy I Princeton Combustion ResearchP. 0. Box 400 Laboratory, Inc.Buffalo, NY 14225-0400 ATTN: M. Summerfield

475 US Highway OneGeneral Electric Company Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852-9650Armament Systems DepartmentATTN: M. J. Bulman 2 Rockwell International128 Lakeside Avenue Rockctdyne DivisionBurlington, VT 05401-4985 ATTN: BA08, J.E. Flanagan

J. GrayIITRI 6633 Canoga AvenueATTN: M. J. Klein Canoga Park, CA 91303-270310 W. 35th StreetChicago, IL 60616-3799 3 Thiokol Corporation

Huntsville DivisionHercules, Inc. ATrN: D. FlaniganAllegheny Ballistics Laboratory Dr. John DeurATTN: William B. Walkup Technical LibraryP. 0. Box 210 Huntsville, AL 35807Rocket Center, WV 26726

67

No. of No. ofCopies Organization CQpijg Orgniz-atin

2 Thiokol Corporation I University of MinnesotaElkton Division Department of Mechanical EngineeringATTN: R. Biddle ATTN: E. Fletcher

Technical Library Minneapolis, MN 55414-3368P. 0. Box 241Elkton, MD 21921-0241 1 Case Western Reserve University

Division of Aerospace Sciences

Veritay Technology, Inc. ATTN: J. TienATTN: E. Fisher Cleveland, OH 441354845 Millersport HighwayEast Amherst, NY 14501-0305 3 Georgia Institute of Technology

School of Aerospace EngineeringUniversal Propulsion Company ATTN: B.T. ZimATN: H. J. McSpadden E. PriceBlack Canyon Stage I W.C. StrahleBox 1140 Atlanta, GA 30332Phoenix, AZ 84029 1 Institute of Gas Technology

Battelle Memorial Institute A1TN: D. GidaspowAITN: Technical Library 3424 S. State Street505 King Avenue Chicago, IL 60616-3896Columbus, OH 43201-2693

1 Johns Hopkins UniversityBrigham Young University Applied Physics LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical Engineering Chemical PropulsionATTN: M. Beckstead Information AgencyProvo, UT 84601 ATTN: T. Christian

Johns Hopkins RoadCalifornia Institute of Technology Laurel, MD 20707-0690204 Karman LaboratoryMain Stop 301-46 1 Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyATTN: F.E.C. Culick Department of Mechanical Engineering1201 E. California Street ATrN: T. ToongPasadena, CA 91109 77 Massachusetts Avenue

Cambridge, MA 02139-4307California Institute of TechnologyJet Propulsion Laboratory I Pennsylvania State UniversityATFN: L. D. Strand, MS 512/102 Applied Research Laboratory4800 Oak Grove Drive ATTN: G.M. FaethPasadena, CA 91109-8099 University Park, PA 16802-7501

University of Illinois I Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Mechanical/Industrial Department of Mechanical Engineering

Engineering A'TN: K. KuoATrN: H. Krier University Park, PA 16802-7501144 MEB; 1206 N. Green StreetUrbana, IL 61801-2978 1 Purdue University

School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Massachusetts ATTN: J. R. OsbornDepartment of Mechanical Engineering TSPC Chaffee HallATTN: K. Jakus West Lafayette, IN 47907-1199Amherst, MA 01002-0014

68

No, of" No. of(opl s Organization_ CD~ia QLganf toon

SRI International I Washington State UniversityPropulsion Sciences Division Department of Mechanical EngineeringATTN: Technical Library ATTN: C. T. Crowe333 Ravcnwood Avenue Pullman, WA 99163-5201Menlo Park, CA 94025-3493

1 Honeywell, Inc.Renssclaer Ploytechnic Institute ATTN: R. E. TompkinsDepartmcnt of Mathematics MN38-3300Troy, NY 12181 10400 Yellow Circle Drive

Minnetonka, MN 553432 Director

Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory I Science Applications, Inc.ATTN: T3, D. Butler ATN: R. B. Edelman

M. Division, B. Craig 23146 Cumorah Crest DriveP. 0. Box 1663 Woodland Hills, CA 91364-3710Los Alamos, NM 87544

Aberdeen Proving GroundGeneral Applied Sciences LaboratoryATTN: J. Erdos Cdr, CSTA77 Raynor Avenue ATTN: STECS-LI, R. HendricksenRonkonkama, NY 11779-6649

Battelle PNLATTN: Mr. Mark GarnichP. 0. Box 999Richland, WA 99352

Stevens Institute of TechnologyDavidson LaboratoryAT N: R. McAlevy, IIICastle Point StationHoboken, NJ 07030-5907

Rutgers UniversityDepartment of Mechanical and

Aerospace EngineeringATTN: S. TemkinUniversity Heights CampusNew Brunswick, NJ 08903

University of Southern CaliforniaMechanical Engineering DepartmentATN: OHE200, M. GersteinLos Angeles, CA 90089-5199

2 University of UtahDepartment of Chemical EngineeringATTN: A. Baer

G. FlandroSalt Lake City, UT 84112-1194

69

ImnTInTONAIY U1'1T BlANK.

70

USER EVALUATION SHEET/CHANGE OF ADDRESS

This Laboratory undertakes a continuing effort to improve the quality of the reports it publishes.Your comments/answers to the items/questions below will aid us in our efforts.

1. BRL Report Number BRL-R-3838 Date of Report JUNE 1990

2. Date Report Received

3. Does this report satisfy a need? (Comment on purpose, related project, or other area of interestfor which the report will be used.)

4. Specifically. how is the report being used? (Information source, design data, procedure, sourceof ideas, etc.)

S. Has tl* informatioh In this report led to any quantitative savings as far as man-hours or dollarssaved, oprting costs avoided, or efflciencies achieved, tc? If so, please elaborate.

6. "'O etal Comments. What do you think should be changed to improve future reports? (Indicatechangew o organization, technical content, format, etc.)

Name

CURRENT OrganizationADDRESS

Address

City, State, Zip Code

7. If indicating a Change of Address or Address Correction, please provide the New or CorrectAddress in Block 6 above and the Old or Incorrect address below.

Name

OLD OrganizationADDRESS

Address

City, State, Zip Code

(Remove this sheet, fold as indicated, staple or tape closed, and mail.)

---- --- ---- ---- --- --- -- -- -- -- F O FOL E E- -- -- -- --- --- ---- ----- --- -- --- -- -- --

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYI )irector NOPOSTAGEC.S.ArmyBallsticResarchL-Axmor111111AR

I S rmy allsticReserchUburtor NAILEDYA'fIN: SLC'BR-DD.T, 0 THEAhwrdeen Proving Grourkl. MI) 210 --5066 UN SATES

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

BUSINESS REPLY MAIL -FIRST CLASS PERMIT No 0001, APG, MO

POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE

DirectorU.S. Army Ballistic Rescjrch I.ahoratoryATN: SLCBR-DD-'r'Ab~crdcn Proving Ground, %MD 21(X)5-9999

------------------------------------------ FOLD IILRI:----------------------------------------------------