___________________________________________________________________________
2013/SCSC/WKSP1/015
Promotion of Green Housing and Building in Japan - Standards, Voluntary Measures and Other
Incentives
Submitted by: Japan
Workshop on Sharing Experiences in the Design and Implementation of Green
Building Codes Lima, Peru
5-7 March 2013
2013/4/3
1
Promotion of Green housing and building in Japan-Standards, voluntary measures and other incentives-
Dr. Takao SawachiDirector, Dept. of Environmental Engineering
Building Research Institute of JapanMarch 2013
On behalf of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
0
2000
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10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
1990
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運輸部門
民生部門
産業部門
Trend of Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Housing and Buildings
Housing and buildings account for more than 30 percent of total energy consumption in Japan. With significant increase in the last two decades compared to industrial and transportation sectors. Against the backdrop, measures to improve energy efficiency have been called for.
CO2 emissions of the housing and buildings sector have also increased significantly than other sectors.
【Trend of Final Energy Consumption】
(FY)
(PJ)
Industry
Housing and buildings
Transportation
50.3%
26.5%
23.2%
43.9%
33.2%
22.9%
1990‐20107% increase
1990‐201035% increase
1990‐20106% decrease
Total of 3 sectors1990‐2010
8% increase
【Trend of CO2 Emissions】
31.9%34.8%
(FY)
1
Industrial sector (factory etc.)482 million tons
Transportation sector (automobile, etc.)
(Unit: m
illion t‐CO
2)
Business and other sectors (commerce/service/business office etc.)
Household sector
Energy conversion sector (power generator etc.)
Industrial processWaste (incineration, etc.)
217 million tons
164 million tons
127 million tons
68 million tons
60 million tons22 million tons
422 million tons
232 million tons217 million tons172 million tons
81million tons
41million tons
27million tons
2013/4/3
2
Main Causes of the Increase in Energy Consumption in Housing and Buildings
Source: FY2008 Energy Supply Demand Result (Resources and Energy Agency)
Changes in lifestyle including increase in the number of households and use of electric device are believed to have large impact on the growth of energy consumption in the housing sector.
The main reason for the growth in energy consumption in buildings is believed to be changes in usage including the increase in floor space and period of use (business hours).
BuildingsHousing
Trend of Energy Consumption related to Buildings and Floor Space
1990 2005 Growth Rate
Unit
Department store 8.7 9.8 12.6% Business hours per day
Convenience store 22.1 23.6 7% Business hours per day
SupermarketLarge 10.2 12.6 23.5% Business hours per day
Medium-sized
10.4 11.4 9.6% Business hours per day
OfficeSelf owned
10.6 11 3.8% Hours of buildings used per day
Rent 11.2 11.8 5.4% Hours of buildings used per day
Trend of Period of Use (business hours) by Building Usage
Trend of Energy Consumption in Housing Sector and Increase in Households
Source: FY2010 Energy Supply Demand Result(Resources and Energy Agency)
Color TV 2.0 (FY1990)→2.4(FY2009)
Air conditioner 1.3 (FY1990)→2.6 (FY2009)
Refrigerator 1.2 (FY1990)→1.3 (FY2003)
Computer 0.1 (FY1990)→1.2(FY2009)
Toilet seat with warm washer 0.0 (FY1990)→1.0(FY2009)
DVD player 0.0 (FY1990)→1.2(Fy2009)
Source: Directory of energy and economic statistics (2011)
Trend of Number of Device Owned per Household
Date released by Association of Department Stores and Japan Chain Stores Association and report on building energy consumption in Kansai region・survey on energy consumption by large business establishments in Tokyo 2
Energy consumptionNumber of householdEnergy consumption/number of household
Energy consumptionFloor spaceEnergy consumption/floor space
Comparison of Energy Consumption per Household in the World
Energy consumption for heating is much smaller in Japan than European and north American countries where the ratio is very high, whereas energy consumption for water heating and lighting and home appliances in energy consumption is higher in Japan. Climate and lifestyle differ greatly by country or region and, as a result, the structure of energy consumption differs. Thus, energy saving measures that suit their own country or region are needed.
For example, when compared with Germany,•energy consumption for heating is one-fourth,•energy consumption for heating water and lighting and home appliances is 50 percent to 100 percent greater.
10
43
44
41
40
15
7
7
18
20
3
2
4
2
15
10
10
14
30
1
8
44
61
64
75
99
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Japan (2008)
Germany (2007)
France (2007)
UK (2007)
US (2005)
Heating Water heating Cooking Lighting/home appliances/
OthersCooling
Energy Consumption per Household (GJ/household, year)
Naha (southernmost region)
Thick insulation Long eaves to keep the sun out
Asahikawa (northern most region)
Average Monthly Temperature in Japan and Germany
3
Source: Weatherbase
Tokyo Asahikawa Aomori Naha
Berlin Hamburg Munich
Jan. Feb. March Apr. May June July Aug, Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
* Source: Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc. (compiled based on statistical data of each country Sep. 2010
* Note: Figures in parentheses are years of latest data of each county.Cooking of the US is included in lighting, home appliances and others.Households of two or more people excluding one‐person households in case of Japan. Cooking of Japan is
for gas and LPG excluding heating and water heating, excluding power for cooking.Data of European countries does not include cooling.
Lighting/home appliances
2013/4/3
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Category 1970 ~ 1980 ~ 1990 ~ 2000 ~ 2010 ~
• 2009 ~ <Law on the promotion of long‐lasting good housing＞Long‐lasting good housing certification program (tax reduction for housing loan, fixed assets tax reduction, etc.)
Regulations based on Energy Saving Act
Labeling and information offering on energy saving
Incentives
• 1979 ~ Energy Saving Act (obligation to make best efforts)
・1980 ~Energy‐saving standard (1980 standard)
• 1992 ~ (1992 standard) (enhanced)• 1993 ~ (1993 standard) (enhanced)
• 1999 ~ (1999 standard) (enhanced)• 2012 ~ Energy‐saving standard (to be revised: primary energy consumption standard)
• 2000 ~ <law on promotion of housing quality assurance> housing performance labeling program
• 2009 ~ <Energy Saving Act> Housing energy saving label
• 2001 ~ Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE)
• 2010 ~ Housing eco‐point
• 2007 ~ Flat 35S (preferential housing loan interest rate)
• 2012 ~<Low Carbon City Promotion Act >Low‐carbon building certification program(tax reduction for housing loan, easing of floor‐area ratio, etc.)
• 2008 ~ Program on advanced CO2‐saving housing and buildings
• 2008 ~ Renovation promotion program for energy saving
• 2008 ~ Taxation system to promote renovation for energy saving
• 2003 ~ (notification required) ｛non‐housing buildings with floor space of 2000m2 or more｝
• 2010 ~ (notification requirement extended) ｛construction of houses and buildings with floor space of 300m2 or more｝
• 2012 ~ Program to promote zero‐energy in housing
①
②
③
• 2006 ~ (notification requirement extended)｛housing with floor space of 2,000m2 or more｝｛major renovation etc. of housing and buildings with floor space of 2,000m2 or more｝
LoanBudget
Taxation
• 2009 ~ (housing top runner scheme introduced)｛detached housing built by builders (150 or more houses/year) ｝
4
Past Energy Saving Efforts in Housing and Buildings
Schedule towards Compliance with Energy Saving Standard of New Housing and Buildings
FY2030FY2020FY2012 FY2017 FY2019FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 FY2018
* Excerpt ad summary of Schedule for Promoting Housing and Living for Low‐Carbon Society in interim report on Policy to Promote Housing and Living for Low‐Carbon Society (July 10, 2012)
)
Notification required(2,000㎡ or more)
Notification required(300 to 2,000m2)
Compliance required(2,000㎡ or more)
Compliance required(300 to 2,000m2)
Compliance required(less than 300m2)
Efforts required(less than
300m2)
Issues to be solved for realization of requirements• Clarification of need and
grounds of regulations on housing and buildings
• Consideration of balance with energy saving regulations on housing and buildings in other sectors and countries
• Careful consideration to medium-sized and small builders ad carpenters
Small
Medium‐sized
Large
* Since there are views that traditional wooden houses cannot be build when the compliance with energy saving standard is imposed and that creativity related to housing that suits Japanese climate should be evaluated, discussions are continued among concerned experts.
Revision of energy saving standardChange to evaluation method based on primary energy consumption
[Requiring compliance with energy saving standard of new housing and buildings ]
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Environment, and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, jointly established the Council forpromoting Housing and Living for Low‐Carbon Society to study compliance with energy saving standard of new housing and buildings by 2020 and released an interimreport and schedule on July 10.
Based on the issues below, requirements are imposed gradually in the order of large buildings, medium‐sized buildings and small buildings.
[Issues to be solved for meeting the requirements]・ Clarification of need and grounds of regulations on housing and buildings・ Consideration of balance with energy saving regulations on housing and buildings in other sectors and countries・ Careful consideration to medium‐sized and small builders ad carpenters・ Study based on opinions that traditional wooden houses would not be built if the compliance with energy saving standard is imposed
Promotion of improvement of measures related to new construction, enhancement of existing stock and future human resources development to realize low‐carbonsociety
[Improvement of measures related to new construction] Support for zero energy housing/support for model CO2 saving housing and buildings/certification and support of low‐carbon housing and buildings, etc.
[Future human resources development ]
[Enhancement of existing stock ] Support for renovation into energy‐efficient housing and buildings/promotion of performance of building materials and equipment based on advanced building materials and equipment program, etc.Support for medium‐sized and small builders and carpenters to acquire techniques for energy‐saving construction (5 years from 2012 to 2016)/study of evaluation method of traditional wooden houses, etc. 5
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Measures related
to hou
ses a
nd buildings in order to
realize
low‐carbo
n society
【Assure Minimum Energy Efficiency Performance of Houses and Buildings】
Roadmap of Future Building Energy Efficiency Policies
FY2030FY2020FY2012 FY2017 FY2019FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 FY2018
【Promote Construction of Houses and Buildings with Higher Energy Efficiency Performance】・Labeling and information provision of energy efficiency (Merits caused by improvement of thermal environment, etc.)・Promote construction of zero‐energy homes・Promote construction of houses and buildings which utilize advanced CO2 emission reduction technologies・Certify and promote houses and buildings with high energy efficiency performance (Certification system of low‐carbon buildings), etc.
Revise Housing Performance Indication Standard, etc.Evaluation by primary energy consumption index
Mandatory reporting（No less than 2,000㎡）
Mandatory reporting（300～2,000㎡）
Mandatory compliance（No less than 2,000㎡）
Mandatory Compliance（300～2,000㎡）
Mandatory Compliance（Less than 300㎡）
Obligation to make efforts（Less than 300㎡）
Revise Energy Efficiency StandardsEvaluation by primary energy consumption index Small
Medium
Large
【Improve Energy Efficiency of Existing Houses and Buildings】・Support energy efficiency renovations of existing houses and buildings・Promote improvement of building materials and equipments by top‐runner standards・Consider evaluation and labeling system of energy efficiency of existing houses and buildings, etc.
【Increase Capabilities of Individuals and Organizations】
・Hold training courses of insulation techniques for small to medium sized firms・Consider developing an evaluation method of energy efficiency of traditional wooden homes・Assure and improve quality of building materials and equipments・Increase capabilities of individuals and organizations who assess housing and building energy efficiency, etc.
Maintain policies to increase capabilities of individuals and organizations related to housing and building energy efficiency, after mandating standards.
Source: “Tentative Roadmap Regarding the Promotion of Housing and Lifestyle in Order to Realize Low‐Carbon Society.” (Apr 4, 2012) 4th Conference on the Promotion of Housing and Lifestyle in Order to Realize Low‐Carbon Society.
Problems to be solved for realizing mandate of energy efficiency standards・Provide information about necessity and reasons of regulations・Consider balances between regulations on houses and buildings in Japan and that in other sectors and in other countries・Give sufficient attention to small to medium sized home builders
6
34 34 35
50
7074 85 87 85 83 85 88 85
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
* Ratio of floor space of buildings that comply with energy saving standard (1999 standard) out of all buildings with a floor space of 2,000㎡ or more whose construction was certified in the applicable year
Trend of Energy Saving Standard Compliance Rate of Newly Constructed Buildings*
(1999 standard)
Energy saving measures notification became required in April 2003.
(Unit: %)
Types of buildings required to report their energy saving measures were widened in April 2010.
Trend of Energy Saving Standard Compliance Rate
As a result of making the regulations more strict, the compliance rate of non‐residential buildings has reached approx. 90%.As for housing, the standard compliance rate, which used to be less than 20%, increased to approx. 50% as a result of the introduction of housing eco‐point program.
* Estimate until FY2010 is based on a survey on distribution of the number of households complying with housing insulation standard, and estimate for FY2011 (provisional figure) is based on the number of households for which eco points are issued (detached house) as well as notification survey of energy saving act (condominium, etc.)
Types of buildings required to report their energy saving measures were widened in April 2010.
3 7 9 12 15 15 15 16 18
26 4348
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Trend of Energy Saving Standard Compliance Rate of Newly Constructed Housing*
(1999 standard)(Unit: %)
Energy saving measures notification became required in April 2006.
It rose to approx. 50 percent in Fy2011 as a result of the introduction of housing eco‐point program.
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◇Established in 1980 and enhanced in 1992 and 1999
(GJ/year, household)
Energy Saving Standard (Housing)◇Assessed based on insulation specifications of exterior wall and window
Overview of Regulations on Housing and Buildings under Energy Saving Act
28
2017
13
(* Estimated based on certain assumptions by MLIT)
Efforts are requested to be made to meet the standard for insulation of exterior wall and windows and air‐conditioners (energy saving standard)when housing and buildings of a certain size are newly constructed and notification to prefectural governments are required (instruction,announcement, order, penalty are issued or imposed when they are considered significantly insufficient)
• Law revision in 2008 extended the target of the notification requirement (housing and buildings with floor space of 2,000 m2 or more 300 m2 or more).• Energy saving standard is planned to be reviewed to use easy‐to‐understand indicators of energy consumption instead of standard using insulation specifications.
∆54%
Comparison of Annual Energy Consumption for Heating and Cooling*
Regulations on new construction under Energy Saving Act (*)
* In addition to regulations for new construction, notification at major renovation and periodical report of every three years after the notification are required.
Target Structure Requirements Security Measures when Energy Saving Efforts are Significantly Insufficient
Large buildings (2000m2 or more) Notification required Instruction, announcement, order, penalty (fines of 1 million or less)
Mid-sized buildings (300m2 to 2000m2) Notification required Recommendation (no penalty)
Small buildings (less than 300m2) Efforts required No
Builders that build 150 or more ready-built detached houses per year
Efforts required Recommendation, announcement, order, penalty (fines of 1 million or less)
In Tokyo8
Ceiling insulation 180mm
Permanent ventilation system
Air conditioning for heating and
cooling Eaves of south window
Double‐glass window (if possible insulation glass)
Sunshade for south and
west windows
Exterior wall insulation 100mm
Continuous damp proof air‐sealing
course
Floor insulation 100mm
Before 1980
1980 standard 1992 standard 1999 standard
Outside
Outside annual heating and cooling load/heat loss factor/specification standard
BuildingHousing
Building energy saving standard
Outside PAL
Heating and cooling CEC/AC
Ventilation CEC/V
Water heating CEC/HW
Lighting CEC/L
Elevator CEC/EV
Housing and Building energy saving standard
Outside (*)
Heating and cooling
Ventilation
Water heating
Lighting
Elevator
Primary energy consumption (*)< calculation in accordance with the use and floor
space of housing, etc.>
Standard: equivalent to ［1999 outside＋standard facility］
Housing energy saving standard
Heating and cooling Non
Ventilation NonWater heating Non
Lighting Non(As for communal space of condominiums m ventilation, lighting and elevator are subject.)
Advanced housing standard
Heating and cooling
Ventilation
Water heating
Lighting
Primary energy consumption <calculation in accordance
with 120m2model>
* In integrating the indicators, different area classification and calculation of energy saving performance including material value of concrete and other building materials are unified into those of housing.
Advanced housing standard
The current assessment system of energy saving standard for housing and buildings in which outside insulation property and performance of individual facility are assessed separately is revised to use integrated assessment standard of the entire building, using primary energy consumption as the indicator. Set up a calculation method that allows proper assessment of energy saving property in accordance with the use and floor space.Outside standard (1999 level) of housing and buildings is required to be met in principle. Because the target year of the advanced housing standard is FY2013, current standard is maintained in principle.
Overview of Reviewing Energy Saving Standard
Outside Heating and cooling
Ventilation
Water heating
Lighting
Primary energy consumption <calculation in accordance with 120m2
model>
9
Outside PAL(building), average outside heat transmission coefficient (housing): 1999 standard level
(special assessment or certification method can be applied.)
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On‐line Program for Buildings
On‐line Program for Houses
On‐line programs for primary energy calculation are ready for application
10http://www.kenken.go.jp/becc/index.html
Development and promotion of Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE), an integrated system to assess improvement of environmental quality and performance (interior environment and consideration of landscape of housing, building and city development and reduction of load on global environment as comprehensive environmental performance and present the result in an easy‐to‐understand indicator (from 2001)
Image of Assessment Result
Image of CASBEE
Development and Promotion of Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE)
11
City development
Housing
CASBEE‐existing
CASBEE‐renovation
CASBEE‐HI (heat island)
CASBEE‐new construction (simple version)
CASBEE‐short‐term use
CASBEE‐existing (simple version)
CASBEE‐renovation (simple version)
CASBEE‐school
CASBEE‐city development CASBEE‐city development (simple version)
CASBEE‐city＋building
CASBEE‐detached house‐new construction
CASBEE‐detached house‐‐existing
(Provisional) CASBEE‐housing unit
CASBEE checklist
Under development(Provisional) CASBEE‐lot
Building
CASBEE‐new construction
Urban cityCASBEE‐urban city
Overview of CASBEE
CASBEE real estate market (market version) (tentative)
2011 result: 1,991 cases (result of notification programs by local governments)
Notification programs by local governments
In 24 prefectures and government‐decreed cities, notification and announcement of CASBEE building assessment results was introduced for a certain scale of buildings.
Noise, heat waste, etc., from border to outside
Premises border
Imaginary border
Resources consumption, CO2 emissions, etc.
Water discharge to outside premises , vibration, etc.
Environmental quality
Q (Quality)
Environmental load
L (Load)
Indoor environmentService performanceExterior environment
EnergyResources, materialsEnvironment outside premises
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Housing performance labeling program is related to basic housing performance which is: Based on common rules (performance assessment items, performance assessment criteria set by the national government), impartial and neutral third‐party organizations (registered housing performance assessment organization)assess the performance based on grade, etc., through design document screening and inspection of construction site, and houses to which assessment sheet(*) is issued are eligible for quick professional dispute settlement.
(*1 limited to construction housing performance assessment sheet)
Image of performance assessment items Housing performance labeling program result (new houses/2000-2011)32 items in 10 categories are
assessed based on grade, etc.
Item Grade Specific Performance
1-1 quake-resistance grade (prevention of structural framework collapse, etc.)[resistance against collapse by earthquake, etc.]
Grade3 Building does not collapse by 1.5 times as much force as an earthquake that extremely rarely occurs (once every several hundred years)
Grade2 Building does not collapse by 1.25 times as much force as an earthquake that extremely rarely occurs (once every several hundred years)
Grade1 Building does not collapse by the force of an earthquake that extremely rarely occurs (1 every several hundred years)＝minimum standard of ball buildings required by Building Standards Act
•More than 190,000 houses used the program in FY2011.(*3)•More than 20 percent of new houses use the program.
(*3) calculated based on the issuance of designed housing performance assessment sheet.
Overview of Housing Performance Labeling Program
[E.g.] ①structural stability
⑩
②Safety in case of fire
⑧Sound environment
⑤Thermal condition
⑥Air environment
④Consideration to maintenance and revamp
①Structural stability
⑩Anticrime
⑦Light &visual env
③Easing of degradation
⑨Consideration for the elderly
(In addition, housing performance labeling program was implemented for existing houses in FY2002)
1 ,4 9 8 1 3 ,2 1 42 4 ,7 0 6
4 2 ,0 3 6
5 4 ,0 6 15 8 ,2 1 7 6 1 ,9 4 5 6 1 ,1 0 9
6 5 ,5 5 0
7 7 ,1 6 6
9 3 ,2 7 8 9 2 ,0 9 2
9 ,7 4 9
4 8 ,4 5 7
6 8 ,9 3 9
9 5 ,1 7 8
1 0 9 ,1 7 7
1 3 7 ,0 7 7
1 9 3 ,5 6 2
1 5 6 ,3 4 1
1 3 4 ,5 4 7
7 1 ,2 9 1
1 0 0 ,3 0 3
1 0 5 ,6 5 6
1 .9 %
5 .3 %
8 .2 %
1 1 .7 %
1 3 .7 %
1 5 .6 %
1 9 .9 %
2 1 .0 %
1 9 .3 %
1 9 .1 %2 3 .6 % 2 3 .5 %
0
5 0 ,0 0 0
1 0 0 ,0 0 0
1 5 0 ,0 0 0
2 0 0 ,0 0 0
H1 2 年度 H1 3 年度 H1 4 年度 H1 5 年度 H1 6 年度 H1 7 年度 H1 8 年度 H1 9 年度 H2 0 年度 H2 1 年度 H2 2 年度 H2 3 年度
戸建住宅
共同住宅
新築住宅着工戸数比
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Detached house
Condominium
Ratio of new housing construction
12
Budget
LoanFlat 35S Taxation system to promote
energy‐efficient renovation Low‐carbon emissions building certification
program (scheduled)
Taxation
Lower housing loan interest rate for energy‐efficient housing Deduction and reduction of income
tax and fixed assets tax for certain energy‐efficient renovation
Based on the Low Carbon City Promotion Act (bill submitted to the current Diet), expansion of the upper limit for housing loan tax reduction and registration license tax rate reduction are planned for certified energy‐efficient new housing.
Assistance Measures related to Energy‐Efficient Housing and Buildings
Assist advanced housing and building project that introduces CO2‐emmissint‐efficient technology.
Program on advanced CO2‐saving housing and buildings
Solar power panel‐built‐in glass
◆Introduction of lighting duct system
Regular glass
<Image of introduction of technology for CO2‐Emissions reduction>
2012 budget: figure in parenthesis of 17.3 billion JPY
Assist renovation into energy—efficient buildings with more than 10 percent reduction of energy consumption
Project to promote energy‐efficient building renovation
<Image of energy‐efficient renovation>
2012 budget: figure in parenthesis of 17.3 billion JPY
Renovation into energy‐efficient building: examples•Energy‐efficient framework (roof, exterior wall insulation, etc.)•Renovation into high efficiently facility (air conditioning, ventilation, etc.)
2011 third supplementary budget: 15.9 billion JPY2012 initial budget: 10.3 billion JPY
Issue points exchangeable with certain goods for construction or renovation into energy‐efficient houses
Housing eco‐point program
Replaced with double glass
<Housing eco‐point: renovation examples>
Program to promote zero‐energy housing
Assist construction of zero‐energy housing by small and medium‐sized builders.
＜ゼロ・エネルギー住宅のイメージ＞
2012 budget: 2.3 billion JPY
2011 third supplementary budget: 144.6 billion JPY
* Reservation acceptance ended on July 4, except damaged area
Fiscal, financial and taxation measures to assist construction and renovation of energy‐efficient housing and buildings, which include assistance for construction of zero‐energy housing by small and medium‐sized builders, reduction in interest rate of housing loans for energy‐efficient houses, and special taxation measure for energy‐efficient renovation.
Based on the bill on the promotion of low‐carbon city development (currently under submission to the Diet), assistance in the form of special taxation measures for certified new houses is planned.
y 座標
x 座標
100 90 8 0 7 0 60 50 40 30 40 50
ＨＥＭＳ
太陽熱温水器
高効率空調蓄電池
躯体の高気密化
躯体の高断熱化 通風・換気による春・秋など中間期の暖冷房負荷の低減
地中熱利用
太陽光発電
高効率給湯器
冬季の日射取得
夏季の日射遮蔽
13
Replacement of ceiling insulation
2013/4/3
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2012 budget: part of 17.3 billion JPYProgram to Promote Energy-Efficient Building RenovationInvite applications for energy‐efficient renovation projects that include improvement of energy efficiency of exterior wall and windows, etc., of buildings and renovation into energy efficient air conditioning and water heating facilities and assist part of the renovation cost, thereby promoting improvement of energy efficiency of existing buildings.*For promotion of further energy efficiency improvement, measure energy consumption from renovation work for continuous energy management and energy‐saving efforts.
[Results of Application and Approval]Number of Application Number of Approval
FY2008(Dec. 26, 2008-Jan. 29, 2009) Approx. 1,810 Approx. 480
FY2009 Phase 1(May 25, 2009-June 25, 2009) Approx. 120 Approx. 110
FY2009 Phase 2(Aug. 11, 2009-Sep. 25, 2009) Approx. 220 Approx. 200
FY2010 Phase 1(March 5, 2010-Apr. 16, 2010) Approx. 520 Approx. 480
FY2010 Phase 2(Aug. 16, 2010-Sep. 15, 2010) Approx. 840 Approx. 230
FY2010 Phase 3(Dec. 1, 2010-Dec. 22, 2010) Approx. 590 Approx. 370
FY2011(June 6, 2011-Aug. 1, 2011) Approx. 460 Approx. 300
FY2012(Apr. 20, 2012-May 25, 2012) Approx. 370 Approx. 290
[Requirements]‐ Requirements•Renovation into energy‐efficient framework (exterior wall, window, roof, etc.)•Renovation is expected to improve energy efficiency by more than 10 percent.•Measure energy consumption, etc., to find out the actual situation so that energy consumption is managed and energy‐saving efforts are made continuously, etc.‐ Target of assistanceRenovation cost, facility cost, cost related to energy measurement.
‐ Assistance ratio/limit1/3 50 million JPY (25 million JPY for facility cost)
Application approved if contents meet requirements and within the budget
Financial assistance for energy‐efficient renovation
<Examples of energy‐efficient renovation>
Renovation into energy‐efficient framework (exterior wall)
• Roof, exterior wall, etc. (insulation)• Opening (double glass, etc.)• Sunlight block (eaves, louver, etc.), etc.
Renovation into energy efficient facilities
• Air conditioning, ventilation, water heating, lighting, elevator, etc.
＜Examples of energy‐efficient renovation>Before After
Measurement and report of energy consumptionContinuous energy management and energy‐saving efforts 14
2012 budget: part of 17.3 billion JPYProgram on Advanced CO2-Saving Housing and Buildings
○ Effective energy use•Effective use of sunlight, solar heat, wind power, geothermal and other natural energies○ Introduction of high‐efficiency heat source system•Use of heat between buildings•Introduction of fuel battery system, etc.○ Introduction of system to improve efficiency of energy use•Visualization of energy consumption, etc.○ Region‐specific efforts•Design suitable for climate, etc.○ CO2 emissions saving at construction and demolition•Use of home‐grown timber, naturally dried timber, etc.
Invite suggestions on leading housing and building projects with excellent CO2‐saving capacity from the public sector and assist them to proactively promote CO2‐saving of housing and buildings.
New construction Renovation of existing structure
Management system development, etc.
Publicize project resultsContribute to spread of efforts and awareness raising
<Project Image> <Possible Suggestions>
National government invites suggestions from the public sector. (assessed by experts)
Implementation of leading projects
[Application and Approval Results]
[Breakdown of Approved Projects]FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012
TotalPhase1
Phase2
Phase1
Phase2
Phase1
Phase2
Phase1
Phase2
Phase3
Phase1
New
con
stru
ctio
n
Building 4 5 8 9 8 8 4 6 2 8 62
Detached house 4 3 0 5 0 3 3 3 19 5 45
Detached house,
condominium0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Condominium 0 0 2 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 8
Ren
o-va
tion Detached
house, building
1 1 4 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 13
Management 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 0 8
Technological verification 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 6
Total 10 10 16 20 13 14 12 12 21 15 143
FY of Approval Number of Application
Number of Approval
FY2008Phase 1 (Apr. 11-May 12, 2008) 120 10
Phase 2 (Aug. 1-Sep. 12, 2008) 35 10
FY2009Phase 1 (Feb. 6-Mar. 31, 2009) 46 16
Phase 2 (July 15-Aug. 25, 2009) 52 20
FY2010Phase 1 (Mar. 5-Apr. 9, 2010) 49 13
Phase 2 (Ag. 16-Sep. 24, 2010) 42 14
FY2011Phase 1 (May 12-June 30, 2011) 39 12
Phase 2 (Sep. 9-Oct. 31, 2011) 35 12Phase 3 (Nov. 30, 2011-Jan. 20, 2012) 29 21
FY2012 Phase 1 (Apr. 13-May 31, 2012) 60 15Total 507 143
Solar power panel‐built‐in glass
○ Introduction of lighting duct system
Regular glass
○ Introduction of new outer surface
2013/4/3
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In response to global warming and energy consumption growth in the civil sector, further extend and enhance efforts in the sector for energy saving bypromoting zero‐energy housings, introducing housing systems that contribute to zero‐energy housing (i.e. combination of high‐performance equipment andcontrol mechanism) and assisting small and medium‐sized builders’ efforts for zero‐energy housing.
(Joint program of Ministry of land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
FY2012 budget (Focused Measure for Revitalization of Japan) 2.31 billion JPY
Image of Zero‐Energy House
The national government invites suggestions from small and medium‐sized builders. (evaluated by experts)
Efforts for zero‐energy housing
Main target of assistance: amount of additional cost occurred due to transformation into zero‐energy housing, etc.Assistance ratio: 1/2 (limit: JPY1.65 million/house)
Houses with zero or almost zero annual primary energy consumption (net) due to improvement in energy‐saving performance of housing structures and facilities, use ofrenewable energy, and so on.
y 座標
x 座標
10 09 0 80 70 6 0
5 0 4 030
40 5 0
HEMS
Solar power water heater
High‐efficiency air conditioning
Battery
Highly airtight framework
Highly insulated frameworkReduction of heating and cooling
load in spring and autumn through ventilation
Earth thermal use
Solar power generation
High‐efficiency water heater
Sunlight intake in winterSunlight block in summer
After the program, specifications of zero‐energy houses, energy consumption during the course of occupancy and others will be monitored and made public.
[FY2012 Budget]
Program to Promote Zero-Energy Housing
[Following is what the MLIT is responsible for ]
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<Problem>It is believed that small and medium‐sized carpenters and builders are not fully familiar with energy saving techniques due to difficulties and lack of knowledge and information on design and construction.
●Training for small and medium‐sized builders and carpenters
<Response>Training is provided to 200,000 carpenters in the next five years to improve their skills in energy saving design and construction.
Carpenters and private builders are main suppliers of detached houses and yet are believed not to be fully familiar with energy-saving techniques. Training for 200,000 of 400,000 carpenters across the nation is provided to improve their skills for energy saving design andconstruction in the five years following the current fiscal year.
Regional council consisting of society of architects & building engineers, etc., is planned to provide the training at prefectural level from September.
●There are approx. 400,000 carpenters.
Approx. 40 percent of detached houses are built by small and medium-sized carpenters and builders.
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Training for Small and Medium‐sized Builders to Improve Skills for Energy‐Saving Design and Construction
1‐4 units 5‐9 units 10‐19 units
20‐49 units
50‐299 units
300 or more units 315,000
units
44,000 units
Total of 4.28 million units
59,000 units
10,000 units
Prefabricated
3.0%
2.5%
0.2%
0.2%
Conventional construction
method
OthersNote 1: Total of houses supplied by construction method is based on the FY2010 result of statistics of launched housing
construction.2: Share by number of house construction orders is based on survey of detached houses for which loans are extended by
Government Housing Loan Corporation in 2002. [Builder questionnaire result ] (n=218)
Technical reason for failure to supply houses that satisfy energy saving standard
Difficult to design
Lack of knowledge and information
Difficult to perform damp proof construction
Difficult structure for insulation
Difficult to reinforce insulation
Others
Number of carpenters
National Census , Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
* Only the number of carpenters is released as quick estimation for 2010.
(1,000 persons)
Ratio of carpenters aged 60 or older
2013/4/3
10
18
Design guidelines for practitioners & relevant ISO developed in 2012
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/news_index/iso_magazines/isofocusplus_index/isofocusplus_2013/isofocusplus_2013-01.htm
http://www.kenken.go.jp/english/contents/publications/paper/149/rp_no149_all.pdf
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Utilization of the design guidelines in the international training course for environmental friendly technologies for buildings and housings supported by JICA (Japanese International Corporation Agency)
Term: 2009-2011Duration: two months of each yearTrainees: government officials in developing countries(Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Samoa)Contents:
1) Lectures & exercises on fundamentals of technologies2) Lectures & exercises on LEHVE design guidelines3) Technical visits including Okinawa pref.
Competition to make cooler house with corrugated cardboard
2013/4/3
11
Formulation of low-carbon community development plan (municipalities)Certification of private low-carbon buildings, etc.
Formulation of basic policy (ministers of land, infrastructure, transport and tourism, environment and economy, trade and industry)
○ Bus line and LRT development, etc, communal transportation system
Special case of process for various business acts including bus and railway services
○ Automobile CO2 emissions control
Promotion of use of public transportation
○ Conservation and promotion of greenery zones by NPOsExpansion of cooperative management system of planted areas
○ Use of unused sewerage heat special case of sewerage intake by private sector○ Installation of solar power generation and batteries in areas adjacent to city parks and ports and harbors
special case of dominant use permission
Concentration of urban functions
○ Concentration of hospital and welfare facility, condominiums, etc.
Creation of private-sector certification program○ Development of integrated parking lots by private
sectorSpecial case of obligation to build parking lot in new construction
○Pedestrian-friendly city development(footpath and bicycle road development, barrier-free efforts)
Promotion of areal management and use of greenery and energy
○ Advanced low-carbon building and housing development by private sector, etc.
Low-carbon building
The Great East Japan Earthquake triggered changes in energy supply/demand and raised awareness about energy and global warming issues among the people. It is important to accumulate successful examples of low-carbon cities development and transportation system as well as to rationalize energy use in urban areas by promoting private sector investment, thereby vitalizing housing market and local economy.
Background
Outline of Law
【Income and Other Tax Reduction for Low‐Carbon Housing】
Year of Residence
Increase in maximum amount of income tax
reduction (10 years)
2012 4 million JPY(3 million JPY general)
2013 300 million JPY(2 million JPY general)
Lowering of registration
license tax rate
Storage registration
0.1％(0.15% general)
Transfer registration
0.1％(0.3％ general)
Floor space exceeding regular building floor space related to facility for low‐carbon building (battery, heat storage tank, etc.)
[Not included in calculation of floor‐area ratio]
外壁断熱100mm
南窓の軒ひさし
天井断熱180mm
床断熱100mm
東西窓の日除け
常時換気システム
窓は複層ガラス（可能なら断熱サッシ）連続する
防湿気密層
暖冷房はエアコン
etc.
〈戸建住宅イメージ〉
太陽光発電パネル
＋
High‐efficiency water heater
[Image of Certification]
Low Carbon City Promotion Act (Outline)
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Solar power generation panel
Primary energy consumption should be more than – 10% compared with Energy Efficiency Standard of Energy Conservation Law.Other measures to contribute to be Low‐Carbon should be taken.
Etc.
〈Concept of single-family home〉
Solar power generation panel
＋
High‐Efficiency hot‐water supply system
○Primary energy consumption (other than energy consumption of home electrical appliances ) should be more than – 10% compared with Energy Efficiency Standard of Energy Conservation Law.（※）
Quantitative evaluation items（Essential Items）
Low‐Carbon Standard
１０％
Selective ItemsAmong the following measures which contribute to be Low‐Carbon and are not included in the standard concerning Energy‐Efficiency, what are above a certain level should be taken.
Concept of standard concerning certification of Low‐Carbon Buildings
○
○ Measure to save water
○ Using wooden material
○ Installing ＨＥＭＳ
Taking measures to contribute to control heat island like planting trees on the site, roof top and wall surface.
Taking measures to contribute to saving water like using rain water and adopting water‐saving instrument.
Using materials like wooden material which contribute to be Low‐Carbon.
Promoting action to contribute to be Low‐Carbon of residents by“visualization” of energy use,
※Requirement should be to secure insulation performance which is equal to or higher than Energy Efficiency Standard of Energy Conservation Law.
＋
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Energy Efficiency Standard of Energy Conservation Law
外壁断熱 100mm
南窓の軒ひさし
天井断熱 180mm
床断熱 100mm
東西窓の日除け
常時換気システム
窓は複層 ガラス （ 可 能 な ら断熱サッシ）
暖冷房はエアコン
連続する防湿気密層
Ⅳ地域仕様
Exterior wall thermal insulation:
100mm
Continuousmoisture-
proof airtight layer
Ceiling thermal
insulation: 180mm
Sun shade for east-and-west-facing windows
Floor thermal insulation: 100mm
24-hourventilation system
Eaves over south-facing windows
Multiple glazing(thermal insulating sash, if
possible)
Specifications forRegion IV
Heating and cooling by air-conditioning
Countermeasures for the heat island
2013/4/3
12
Thank you for your attention.
22
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