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Production Bioethanol From
Corn Stover
By :
Cindi Ramayanti03012681318011
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Background
World oil consumption for energy andtransportation applications has increasedtremendously over the past decades as the worldpopulation grew, and more countries becoming
industrialized. Even domestic products likeplastics, chemicals, toiletries, clothes, foodpackaging, automobile parts and buildingmaterials are made from petrochemicals. To
supplement these fossil based fuels, severalethanol-gasoline blends are currently in themarket
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Corn Stover
Corn stovers is the agricultural residues (the stalks
and leaves) that remain after corn is harvested, are a
substantial source of inexpensive and abundant
lignocellulosic biomass (Hess et al. 2009).
Corn Stover
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Composition of Corn Stover
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Basic Methodology
Raw Material Size Reduction Pre-treatment
HydrolysisFermentationPurification
Bioethanol
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Literature Review from Journal
N
u
Year Topic Content Advantages dissadvantage
1. 2008 Cellulosic
ethanol
production
from AFEX-
treated cornstover using
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
424A(LNH-
ST)
The technology was able to
achieve 191.5 g EtOH/kg
untreated CS, at an ethanol
concentration of 40.0 g/L
(5.1vol/vol%) withoutwashing of pretreated
biomass, detoxification, or
nutrient supplementation.
1.Highly fermentable
Hydrolysate
2.AFEX produces
inhibitory degradation
compounds at areduced level
3.Preserves nutrients
in biomass for
fermentation
1. Fermentable sugar
concentration is
still low.
2. There some sugar
derivates were oliand polymer,
which could not be
use by yeast.
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Nu Year Topic Content Advantages disadvantages
1. 2010 Simultaneous
Saccharification and
Fermentation of Ground
Corn Stover for the
Production of Fuel
Ethanol using
Phanerochaete
chrysosporium,
Gloeophyllum trabeum,
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae and
Escherichia coli K011
The conversion of corn stover toethanol was 2.29 g/100 g
corn stover for the sample
inoculated with S. cerevisiae,
whereas for the sample
inoculated
with E. coli K011, the ethanol
concentration was 4.14 g/100 g
corn stover. While for the
corn stover treated with G.
trabeum, the conversion of corn
stover to ethanol was 1.90 g/100
g and 4.79 g/100 g corn stover for
the sample inoculated with S.
cerevisiae and E. coli K011
i. End-product (glucoseand cellobiose) inhibition
of the enzymatic
saccharification is
greatly reduced
(Shapouri 2007).
ii. The potential loss of
fermentable sugars
(glucose and xylose) can
be avoided as the
supernatant constituents
do not need to be
separated or transferred.
iii. Lower capital and
maintenance cost as the
number of vessels for
processing are fewer.
The decrease in capitalinvestment is estimated
to be more than 20%.
1. There co-product
acetic acid and
lactic acid
2. Fermentation using
fungal as yeast get
a more little
product than
bacterial yeast.
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Literature Review
Nu Year Topic Content Advantages disadvantages
1. 2012 Ethanol
Production From
Corn Stover
Pretreated By
Electrolyzed
Water And A
Two-stepPretreatment
Method
The highest glucan conversion
yields were 83% obtained at 195C
for 30 min with acidic electrolyzed
water and 83% by the two-step
process, where the second step of
the pretreatment was at 135C for
30 min.
1. By using the methods,
nutrient addition is no
need.
2. The hydrolyzates from
the two pretreatment
methods showed good
performance in S.cerevisiae fermentation
tests.
3. Electrolyzed water
pretreatment does not
in-volve chemical
additions such as acid,
lime or ammonia that
would increase costs
and must be neutralizedor recovered.
1. They could be further
broken down to
formic acid and
levulinic acid.
2. HMF and furfural
could be consumed
during yeastfermentation
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Conclusion
Corn stover can be a source of fuel energy
The biggest ethanol result comes from first
journal. Technology achieved is 191.5 g
etOH/untreated CS.
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References
1. Anak Vincent, Mickey (2010) Sequential Saccharifcation And
Fermentation Of Corn Stover For The Production Of Fuel Ethanol
Using Wood-rot Fungi, S. cerevisiae And E. coli K011. Iowa State
University.
2. English, Burton et all. Using Corn Stover for Ethanol Production.University of Tenesse.
3. Lau, Ming W and Dale, Bruce E (2008) Cellulosic Ethanol
Production from Afex-treated Corn Stover using Saccharomyces
cerevisiae 424A(LNH-ST). Michigan State University.
4. Juan, Wang X et all (2012) Ethanol Production from Corn Stover
Pretreated by Electrolyzed Water and A Two-step Pretreatment
Method. Dalian University of Technology.
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Thank You