Download pdf - Pollution of Surface and Groundwater - ICPDR · 2015. 7. 8. · • The ICPDR has identified three pollution related significant water management issues, the organic, nutrient and

Voice of the Danube

Stakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015

Organic, Nutrient and Hazardous Substances Pollution of Surface and Groundwater

Highlights:

• TheICPDRhasidentifiedthreepollutionrelatedsignificantwatermanagementissues,theorganic,nutrientandhazardoussubstancespollutionofsurfacewaters.ForeachoftheseissuesdetailedpressureassessmentshavebeencarriedoutandprogramsofmeasureshavebeenelaboratedintheDRBMP–Update2015.

• Organicpollutioncandisruptthedissolvedoxygenbalanceofsurfacewaterbodies.Itstemsfromurbansewagecollectingandtreatmentsystemsandindustrialdischargershavingnoorinsufficientwastewatertreatment.Controloforganicpollutionneedstoputinplaceappropriate(atleastbiological)treatmentand/orBestAvailableTechniques.

• Nutrientpollutionmighttriggereutrophicationinlakes,reservoirsandcoastalareasandmighthampertheuseofwaterresources(e.g.fordrinkingwatersupply).Nutrientsareemittedeitherdirectlyfrompointsourcesorviaseveraldiffusepathwaysparticularlyfromarableandgrasslandandurbanareas.Managementofnutrientpollutionrequiresappropriatesewagecollection,stringentwastewatertreatment,applicationofnutrientfreeproducts(e.g.detergents)andbestenvironmentalpracticestobeimplementedinagriculture.

• Hazardoussubstancespollutionmighthaveacuteorchronictoxicityonlivingorganism.Both,thepointanddiffusesourcescancontributetothehazardouscontamination.Phasingouthazardoussubstancesfromthemarketproducts,enhancedtreatmentandindustrialtechnologies,appropriatepracticesforsafeapplicationandrunoffcontrolcanhelpcapturingthispollution.

• GroundwaterpollutionisaddressedbytheICPDRfor11transboundarygroundwaterbodiesofbasin-wideimportance.Theoverallassessmentofsignificantpressuresonthechemicalstatusidentifiedthenitratepollutionfromdiffusesourcesasthekeyfactortobeaddressed.

• Danubecountrieshavemadesignificanteffortstoreduceorganic,nutrientandhazardoussubstancespollutionofthesurfaceandgroundwaterbodiesintheDRBbyimplementingrespectivemeasures.However,furtheractionsareneededinthenextmanagementcycleintermsofboth,measuresimplementation(e.g.improvementofwastewaterinfrastructureinthenewEUMSandnon-EUMS,betterimplementationofgoodagriculturalpracticesandagri-environmentalmeasures)andreducingknowledgegapsonemissionsandtheirimpacts(e.g.moreinformationonsourcesandfateofhazardoussubstances,betterunderstandingofBlackSeaecosystemresponsestoDanubenutrientloads).

Voice of the Danube

Voice of the Danube



Organic, Nutrient and Hazardous Substances Pollution of Surface and Groundwater

Questions:

1. WhatarenewchallengesthatneedtobeaddressedintheRBMPandthatwerenotsufficientlycoveredinthepreviousplanningdocuments?

2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedandrevisedintheRBMPbecausethepressureswerenotaddressedsufficiently?

3. Whicharethenationalprioritiesofthefuturedevelopmentofwastewatersectorinthecountries?HowtheseprioritiescorrelatewithDanubeRBMPvision?

4. Howcanitbeensuredthatagriculturalmeasuresarecost-effectiveandfarmersarewillingtoimplementthem?

5. Whicharethemostimportantstepstobetakentocloseknowledgegapsrelatedtohazardoussubstancespollution?

Hydromorphological Alterations & Integration Issues (Flood risk management, Hydropower, Navigation, Agriculture)

Questions:

1. WhatarenewchallengeswhicharenotyetsufficientlycoveredinthedraftDRBMPlan–Update2015?

2. Whichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedand/orsupplementedinthedraftDRBMPlan–Update2015becausethepressureswerenotyetsufficientlyaddressed?

3. Whichspecificmeasureswouldyousuggesttofurtherenhancethecooperationandcoordinationwithrelevantsectorslikefloodriskmanagement,navigationorhydropower,forthesustainablemanagementoftheDanubebasin’swaters?

4. Doyouseeaneedtofurtherharmonizeactivities,assessmentsandmeasuresonthebasin-widelevel?

5. Doyouhavesuggestionsforaccompanyingactionsprovidingfurthersupportfortheimplementationofmeasures,likeforinstancefinancialincentives,regulatorymeasures,advisoryservices,etc.?

Voice of the Danube


Hydromorphological Alterations & Integration Issues (Flood risk management, Hydropower, Navigation, Agriculture)

Highlights:

• Themodificationandutilizationofriversduetofloodriskmanagement,hydropoweruse,navigationpurposesoragriculture,hasledtosignificanthydromorphologicalalterationsimpactingecologicalstatus.Keypressuresincludethedisruptionoflongitudinalecologicalcontinuity,alterationofrivermorphologyandhabitats,hydrologicalalterationslikeimpoundments,abstractionsandhydropeaking,orthedisconnectionofadjacentwetlandsandfloodplains.

• Duetothehighnumberofpressuresrestorationmeasuresaregraduallyimplementedandprioritized.2009-2015measuresweresuccessfullyimplementedwithregardto

- Restorationofrivercontinuityandconstructionofmorethan100fishmigrationaids,- Reconnectionandhydrologicalimprovementofmorethan50,000haofwetlandsand

floodplains,and- Restorationofecologicalflows,measuresatimpoundmentsoraddressinghydropeakingin

dozensofcases.

• Furthereffortsaretakenandmeasuresareplannedtobeimplementeduntil2021tofurtherimprovefishmigration,restorerivermorphology,reconnectwetlandsandfloodplainsortoaddresshydrologicalalterations.

• Inter-sectoralcooperationiskeytoensurethesustainabilityoffutureinfrastructureprojectsandtominimizeimpactsonwaterstatus.Cooperationmechanismsinvolve:

- TheintegrationofplanningprocessesoftheWFDandFloodsDirective;- Furtherensuringtheexchangebetweenthenavigationandenvironmentalsectorsinthe

frameoftheJointStatementprocess;- FacilitatingthepracticalapplicationoftheGuidingPrinciplesonSustainableHydropower

DevelopmentintheDanubebasinatnationallevel;- Involvementofeconomicsectorsandstakeholders(agriculture,transport,nature

protection,spatialplanning,industry)inbothplanningandimplementationofRBMPsandFRMPs.

Voice of the Danube


Objectives and measures of Flood Risk Management Plans

Highlights:

• Floodsarenaturalphenomenaandappearduetotheclimaticcircumstancesofthewholeriverbasin.ThemostimportantprincipleintheICPDRDanubeFloodRiskManagementPlan(DFRMP)isthesolidarityprinciple,whichguaranteesforthedownstreamlocatedregionsdonotsufferfrommeasuresthatwereadoptedintheupstreampartofthewatershed.

• In2004,ICPDRhasadoptedActionProgrammeonSustainableFloodProtectionintheDanubeRiverBasin,beingimplementedinthreephases:aPreliminaryAssessmentofFloodRiskAssessment(2011),DevelopmentofFloodHazardMapsandRiskMaps(2013)andFloodRiskManagementPlans(2015).

• IntegrationbetweentheWFDandFRMDofferstheopportunitytooptimizethemutualsynergiesandminimizeconflictsbetweenthesetwolegalandplanninginstruments.

• Opportunitiesincluderiverandfloodplainrestoration,newretentionanddetentioncapacities.Thesemeasuresshouldcomplementtechnicalfloodprotectionmeasures.Regulationofspatialandlanduseplanning,preventionofaccidentalpollutionhavetobeconsidered.

Voice of the Danube

Voice of the Danube



Objectives and measures of Flood Risk Management Plans

Questions:

1. WhatarechallengesthatneedtobeaddressedintheFRMPattheinternationallevelandnationallevel?

2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedintheFRMP(andintegratethemintoRBMP)?

3. AreyousatisfiedwiththeharmonizeddevelopmentoftheFRMDandWFDplanningdocuments?

4. DoyouconsidertheICPDRFRMPsatisfactory?(e.g.sufficientinternationalandnationalinformation,doyouseegapsthatshouldbecovered)

5. Doyourecommendgoodpracticesthatshouldbehighlightedinthedocument?

Support to implement both plans, Financing of the measures

Questions:

1. Whatarenewchallenges(regardingfinancing)thatneedtobeaddressedintheDanubeFloodRiskManagementPlan(DFRMP)andDanubeRiverBasinManagementPlan(DRBMPUpdate2015)andthatwerenotsufficientlycoveredinthepreviousplanningdocuments?

2. WhichmeasuresneedtobeenhancedandrevisedintheDFRMPandintheDRBMP(Update2015)becausethepressureswerenotaddressedsufficiently?

3. WhatfundingopportunitiespresentedintheDRBMPdoyouconsidertobethemostimportantones?

4. Whatsupportiveactionsatthebasin-widelevelwouldyousuggestfortheimplementationofbothplans(fortheDFRMP,alistoftransboundaryprojectsisbeingcurrentlypreparedforsupportingtheDFRMPwhichreflecttheobjectivesandprioritiessetintheDFRMP,haveatransboundarycharacterandhelptoimplementtheneedslisted–seeAnnex2)?Howshouldthesemeasuresbefinanced?

5. Doyouhaveadditionalideasforapproacheswhichareinsupportofthefinancingandimplementationofthemeasures(e.g.applicationofeconomicinstruments)?

Voice of the Danube


Support to implement both plans, Financing of the measures

• ImplementationofconcretemeasuresinbothplansarenationalresponsibilitywithasupportofvariousEuropean(structural/cohesionfunds,CAP,LIFEetc.)andinternationalfundingpossibilities.AvarietyoffundingInstrumentsareavailableforthefinancingofmeasuresforthisplanningcycle(seechapter8.5andinmoredetailAnnex15oftheDRBMPlan).

• Considerableeffortshavebeenmade/investmentsdoneinthepreviousyears,esp.inthefieldofurbanandindustrialwastewatercollectionandtreatment(seeAnnex10oftheDRBMPlan).Forexample,outoftheapprox.2187agglomerationsintheDanubebasinforwhichWWTPswillbeconstructed,upgradedorextendedasindicatedin1stDRBMPlan(atacostofapprox.7,4BillionEuros),40%ofthemeasureshavebeencompleted,whileanother48%areintheplanningorconstructionphase.Also,anumberofDanubecountriesandtherelevantsectorshavetakenmeasuresinthepreviousyearsregardingimprovementsofhydromorphology(rivercontinuity,fishmigration/fishpassesetc.)andplanfurtheronesinthefuture(seeAnnex12oftheDRBMPlan).

• Atawide-Danubebasinlevel,theDRBMPlanincludesa“JointProgrammeofMeasures”inchapter8containingmeasuresofbasin-wideimportancerelatedtothe“SignificantWaterManagementIssues”attheDanubelevel.ThegenerallistofmeasuresstipulatedinJPMshouldbeprioritizedinthenationalplans.

• TheDFRMPinchapter5(andAnnex2)presentsthestrategiclevelmeasuresreflectingtheactivitiesontheleveloftheinternationalriverbasindistrict(includingmeasureswithtransboundaryeffectandmeasuresapplicableinmorecountriesofthebasinsuchasawarenessrising,warningsystemsoriceprotectionmeasures).

Voice of the Danube


Communication and Public Participation

Highlights:

• EUWaterFrameworkDirective(Article14)confersageneralobligation“to encourage the active involvement of all interested parties in the implementation of the Directive”…PublicconsultationsfacilitatedbyICPDRandthebasin-widelevelpursuetheparticipationthrough(1)theinvolvementofobserverorganizationsand(2)specificactivitiesdedicatedtopublicparticipationandinformation(DanubeDay,DanubeBox,DanubeWatch,DanubeArtMaster,BusinessFriendsofDanube,etc.).Animportantformofstakeholderinvolvementisanonlineaccesstoallplanningdocumentsineverystageoftheirdevelopment.ICPDRorganizesapublicconsultationworkshopforallDanubecountries.

• EUFloodRiskManagementDirective(Article10)requiresapublicaccesstothepreliminaryfloodriskassessment,thefloodhazardmaps,thefloodriskmapsandthefloodriskmanagementplans.

• At ICPDR, raising awarenessandinformingwiderstakeholdergroupsgoesfarbeyondthelegalobligations.Someactionsinclude:Press-releases,publishingarticlesonICPDR’swebsite,DanubeWatch,partners’websitesandothermedia;socialmediacampaign,targetmailingtostakeholdergroups;includinglinksonICPDR’swebsitetonationalactivitiesandwebsites,includerelevantstatementsinfactsheetsandothertechnicalreports,dedicatedawarenessraisingprojectsforyouthetc.(Online-Game),sharingofvideo-content,runningwater-competitionsetc.

Voice of the DanubeStakeholder Consultation Workshop, 2-3 July 2015

Communication and Public Participation Questions:

1. Whataretheobjectivesandchallengesofpublicparticipationandcommunicationatinternationallevel?Whatarewetryingtoachieve?Isthereaneedforamechanismtoevaluatehowtheseobjectivesweremet?

2. WhatarethemostimportanttargetaudiencesforthedevelopmentofDRBMPUpdate2015and1stFRMP?Whatarethemostimportanttargetaudiencesforcommunicationandpublicinformationeffortsduringtheimplementationoftheplans(2015to2021)?

3. ThereisalotofdiversityintheDRB:ononehandahorizontaldiversityamongDRBcountries;ontheotherhandaverticaldiversitywithdifferentresponsibilitiesatlocal,national,andtransboundarylevel.Isthisaddressedinthemanagementplansinanappropriatemanner?

4. Whatcommunicationsmeasuresareplannedforthein-betweenperiod2015–2021?Whicharemissing?

5. Whoarethekey-actorsofPPandcommunicationactivitiesforbothplansonthenationalandinternationallevelandhowdotheyinteract?Whatshouldbeimprovedandhow?