PIPELINE PROTECTION
1
Areas typically requiring protection for onshore
pipelines include:
1. Road crossing
2. Rail crossing
For onshore pipelines, protection is usually done
through markers or concrete slabs above the pipeline
AUGUST 2014
PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
The construction of the pipeline goes through five major steps:
1. Design, specify different component and preparation for all
required drawings
2. Pipeline built up
3. Pipeline pressure test and drain off the water
4. Cleaning, flushing and preparation for start up
5. Filling with the required fluid (crude oil or gas), and start up
3AUGUST 2014
WORLDWIDE PIPELINE CODES AND STANDARDS
4
1. ASME B31.4
Liquid transportation systems for hydrocarbons liquid petroleum gas, Anhydrous, Ammonia &Alcohol
2. ASME B31.8
Gas transmission and distribution piping systems
3. IGE/TD/1
Steel pipelines for high pressure gas transmission
4. AS2885.1
Gas pipelines and liquid petroleum
AUGUST 2014
WORLDWIDE PIPELINE CODES AND STANDARDS
5. DNV Recommended practice
Offshore oil and gas pipelines
6. PD 8010
Codes of practice for pipelines
7. CSAZ 662
Oil and gas pipeline systems
8. US DOT
Pipeline safety regulations
9. API RP 1111
Offshore oil pipelines
5AUGUST 2014
PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
Steps in the construction process:
1. Clearing, grading and trenching
2. Stringing and welding pipe segments together
3. Depositing the pipeline, backfilling and testing (hydrostatic test)
4. Restoration
6AUGUST 2014
PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION
12
The arc is struck and the bug begins traveling down from a
12 o'clock position.
AUGUST 2014