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Landfill Gas to Energy
Clark WiedetzGeneral ManagerAlternative Energy678-427-0150
Program Overview
Division: Energy & Environmental SolutionsDate: December 12, 2007
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Executive Summary
• The landfill gas (lfg) project marketplace is expanding at record-level proportions.
• The Landfill Gas Methane Outreach Program (LMOP) estimates that 50 projects will become operational in the next 24 months.
• The price of fuel has increased 300% in the last 4 years, thus exceeding the cost to convert lfg into a usable form of utility
• Increased environmental regulations for landfills are being mandated
• Lfg has been designated as a renewable energy source by the Federal Government and in 24 States with Renewable Portfolio Standards, thus making lfg projects eligible for a number of incentives and tax credits.
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved.
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Landfill Gas
Landfill Gas
Is about 50% CH4 (Methane) Is about 50% CO2 Contains other trace gases & elements Is naturally created by the decomposition of garbage Has a very high greenhouse effect Has a heating content of about 1/4 that of natural gas
Methane creates roughly 20 times the greenhouse effect of CO2
… unless you burn it!
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How can we use these fuels?
Direct Use Project Gas is piped to a boiler, where it is combusted to make heat or steam.
Electric Generation Project Gas is piped to a nearby electric generator, where it is combusted to
make electricity.
Pipeline Injection Project CO content is minimized. Gas is compressed, then injected into a natural
gas pipeline.
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved.
Landfill Gas - to - Direct Use Process
EXISTING LFG FLARE
Point of
EXTG KNOCKOUT TANK Fuel Gas Delivery
Leachate
Raw Landfill EXISTING LEACHATE Conditioned Gas IN TRANSFER PIPELINE Gas OUT
TO HOLDING POND
Transport Piping
Point of Delivery (HDPE underground) (S/S above ground)
Integrated Quantity & Quality Combustion Controls Metering
NG Fuel IN Fuel Oil IN
LFG BLOWER
LFG DRYING/TREATMENT
STATION
GAS F I E L D
EXISTING LFG BLOWER
EXISTING BOILER w/ EXISTING BURNER andNEW Medium-Btu BURNER
(to supplant fossil fuel)
NEW Med-Btu
Fossil Fuel Burner
Direct Use
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Three Rivers SWA/ Kimberly-Clark
“Landfill gas to be used for diapers” from Waste News
Installed collection system and flare
Conditioned, if necessary, to remove challenging trace gases
Compression system
17 miles of pipe
Boiler retrofit to accept and combust landfill gas
$10MM project
Carbon credits help project economics
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Customer Deal Structure Example (Three Rivers SWA)
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Electric Generation Project
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Electric Generation
For an Electric Generation Project, the gas is also
Collected, compressed and conditioned, if necessary.
Used as fuel for reciprocating engines, fuel cells, microturbines
Larger projects can send renewable power to utilities (thus fulfilling RPS requirements)
Renewable energy credits (RECs) and possibly Production Tax Credits (PTCs) help project economics
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Landfill Gas Project Developers
Siemens
DTE Biomass
Fortistar
Ameresco
Energy Services Group
Waste Management
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Questions?