Paddy Threshers
Eng. M. H. M. A. Bandara (Sri Lanka)
Dr. Nguyen Quoc Viet (Viet Nam)
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Type of Machines
• Small capacity engine driven threshers
• Medium capacity two wheel tractor
powered threshers
• High capacity combine threshers powered • High capacity combine threshers powered
by either four wheel tractor PTO or
separate engine
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Population and use
• Low capacity machines- Small scale
farmers specially in mountainous
areas
• Medium Scale machines- Specially • Medium Scale machines- Specially
farmers having less than o.25 ha.
• High capacity combine threshers-
Large scale cultivation areas having
more than 0.5 ha holding size
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Accidents from different farm
machinerywww.unapcaem.org2012 - ANTAM - (www.unapcaem.org) page 4 of 12
Mode of damages
• Environmental damage
• Grain damage
• Human damage
• Machine damage• Machine damage
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Environmental damage
• Pollution (Dust , pollution of drinking
water)
• Sound (Sometimes more than 95 dbA
continuously) continuously)
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Grain damage
• Quantitative
- Un-threshed losses (Unrecoverable)
- Separation losses (Unrecoverable)
- Shattering losses (Partly recoverable)
• Qualitative
- Cracked grains
- Milled (de-husk) grains
- Tailed grains
- Grain with pedicels
Total losses sometimes reach up to 20%
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Human damage
• Injuries (Temporary damages)
– Finger and hand damages
• Long term permanent damages
– Back pain, loss of sense of – Back pain, loss of sense of
fingers, hearing loss etc
• Loss of lives
- Many accidents caused
entangling with the unprotected
PTO shafts.
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Machine damage
• Poor manufacturing quality
• Poor material quality
• Wrong designs
Because of the unreliable
machines,unnecessary delay in harvesting
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Testing & Evaluation Procedure
• National Testing Centres are responsible
• Use former RNAM test codes with slight
modifications, adapted to local situation
• Testing and certification still is not mandatory• Testing and certification still is not mandatory
• However a draft Farm Machinery Act (Sri
Lanka) is being prepared including T & E a
mandatory requirement
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General Contents in Testing
Procedure• General Performance Test (Capacity,
Losses etc)
• Composition of the grain mixture at the
main grain outletmain grain outlet
• Safety
• Durability
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