© Ricardo plc 2017© Ricardo plc 2017
Overview of policy
instruments in the transport
sector
Dan Forster
2July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
• Effort Sharing sector GHG emissions
• Transport and GHG emissions
• EU policy
• National Policy
• Impacts of national policies
Introduction
3July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Effort Sharing Sector Emissions 1990 – 2018 (EU27 + UK), projections to 2030
Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/ghg-emission-trends-and-projections-4#tab-dashboard-01
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/ghg-emissions-by-sector-in#tab-chart_1
© Ricardo plc 2017© Ricardo plc 2017
Transport Sector
5July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/data-viewers/greenhouse-gases-viewer
Transport emissions (excluding aviation and maritime) trends by Member State
Change since 2005
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/data-viewers/greenhouse-gases-viewer
6July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Source: Source: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/ghg-emission-trends-and-projections-4#tab-dashboard-01
Emissions profile by Member State
Country Change in ESR Transport
Emissions (2005 - 2018)
ESR Target Emissions
Reduction (2005 - 2030)
EU 27 (+UK) -3% -30%
Slovakia 1% -12%
Lithuania 45% -9%
Latvia 8% -6%
Estonia 12% -13%
Denmark -1% -39%
Finland -10% -39%
Czechia 10% -14%
Sweden -21% -40%
Poland 80% -7%
7July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Emissions targets in transport
• Reduce emission by 10% by 2020
• Reduce emissions by 30% by 2030
Effort Sharing Targets
• 90% reduction in transport emissions by 2050.
EU Green Deal
8July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Green Deal
• To achieve climate neutrality, a 90% reduction in transport emissions is needed by 2050.
• Achieving sustainable transport means putting users first and providing them with more affordable,
accessible, healthier and cleaner alternatives to their current mobility habits.
• A substantial part of the 75% of inland freight carried today by road should shift onto rail and inland
waterways.
• The Commission will also give fresh political consideration as to how to achieve effective road
pricing in the EU.
• By 2025, about 1 million public recharging and refuelling stations will be needed for the 13 million
zero- and low-emission vehicles expected on European roads.
• The Commission will also review the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive and the TEN-T
Regulation to accelerate the deployment of zero- and low-emission vehicles.
• Assessment of legislative options to boost the production and supply of sustainable alternative fuels
for the different transport modes.
• Initiatives to increase and better manage the capacity of railways and inland waterways (potential
indirect impact on available alternatives to inter-urban car journeys).
• The Commission will also propose to revise by June 2021 the legislation on CO2 emission
performance standards for cars and vans, to ensure a clear pathway from 2025 onwards towards
zero-emission mobility.
© Ricardo plc 2017© Ricardo plc 2017
Transport policy: EU and
National levels
10July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
ASIF framework
A
S
I
F
GHG
Activity:
Total transport demand
Shift:
Modal share of road transport
Intensity:
Energy units per unit of activity
Fuel:
GHG emissions per unit of energy consumed
11July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
EU-Level transport policy often have a technical focus and aim to reduce GHG or
energy per km
• Performance Standards for Light-duty vehicles
• Targets for Light-duty vehicles manufactures
• CO2 emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles
• Fuel Quality Directive
• Car Labelling Directive
Key EU Transport policies
I
F
12July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
National policies aim to reduce GHG emissions in many different ways.
• Travel behaviour
• Improved spatial planning
Activity: Total transport demand
• Development of public transport and non-motorised modes
• Development of transport infrastructure
• Taxes/charges in road transport
• Improved freight inter-modality
Shift: Modal share of road transport
• Economic incentives for more efficient
• Vehicle occupation – car sharing
• Driving behaviour training
Intensity: Energy consumption per unit of activity
• Support for alternative fuel infrastructure
• Promotion of low carbon vehicles (EVs, hydrogen, etc.)
Fuel: GHG emissions per unit of energy consumed
A
S
I
F
© Ricardo plc 2017© Ricardo plc 2017
Presentations
14July 2017Unclassified - Public Domain© Ricardo plc 2017
Today’s Presentations
• Latvia’s approach to transport GHG reduction opportunities and challenges.
– Gaidis Klāvs, Senior Researcher/Head of Department, Institute of Physical Energetics,
Latvia.
• Biofuels in the transport sector in Finland.
– Aki Tilli, Chief Adviser at Finnish Transport and Communications Agency, Finland.
• Policies and measures in the road transport sector in Poland.
– Magdalena Kruza-Bautista, The National Centre for Emissions Management (KOBiZE),
Poland.
Dan Forster
Ricardo Energy & Environment
The Gemini Building
Fermi Avenue
Harwell, Didcot
OX11 0QR
United Kingdom
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]