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Oracle Clusterware 11g – Overview
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The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions.The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remain at the sole discretion of Oracle.
What is Oracle Clusterware? • Oracle Clusterware is “the cluster“ in Oracle Real Application Clusters• Introduced with Oracle Database 10g Release 1• Exclusively used by 75% of Oracle’s Real Application Clusters customers• Supported on all OS certified for Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)• Cluster infrastructure for all kind of applications and Clusterware for RAC
Server 1 Server 2 Server .. Server n Server n+1
Protected App A
Protected App B
• Oracle Clusterware is a complete cluster software solution
• Including advanced functionality:• Failure Notification (FaN)• Support for 3rd party cluster
software• HA-API for all kind of applications• Fully integrated with Oracle RAC
• Lowest costs and flexible:• No need to purchase
additional software• Easy to install & to manage• Supports 100 nodes on all
OS’ certified for Oracle RAC • Single-vendor support
Oracle Clusterware provides an integrated stack
Applications
Services Framework
Cluster Control/Recovery APIs
Automatic Storage Management
Messaging and Locking
Membership
Connectivity
Eve
nt
Ser
vice
s
Man
agem
ent
AP
Is
Hardware/OS Kernel
RAC Other Apps
• Effective with 11g: Oracle Clusterware can protect any Oracle software, or 3rd-party software that uses an Oracle database. (– at no extra costs)
• In detail:• Oracle Clusterware can be installed and used to protect any
Oracle or third-party software provided any of the following conditions are met:
1. The software being protected is from Oracle.2. The software being protected uses an Oracle Database.3. The software being protected is running on Oracle
Unbreakable Linux.4. The software being protected is running in a cluster where
at least one machine involved in the cluster is licensed using the appropriate metric for either Oracle Database Enterprise Edition or Oracle Database Standard Edition.
Oracle Clusterware licensingSee: Oracle Database Licensing information (Part Number B28287-01)
Hardware infrastructure for Oracle Clusterware Minimum hardware requirements
Node 1
Server Interconnect(with Switch)
Node 2 Node... Node n-1 Node n
Public Lan Public Lan Public Lan
SharedStorage
For Voting Disks and
Oracle Cluster Registry
• Oracle Clusterware is protecting Applications A, B & C on nodes 1, 2 & 3• It is also providing resources for the RAC database running on nodes 1 & 2
• Sample Scripts that can be used with Oracle Clusterware can be found in the CD pack or can be downloaded from http://otn.oracle.com/clusterware
Possible configuration
listener
ORA_CRS_HOME
listener
cluster database
ORA_CRS_HOME
ORACLE_HOME
ORA_CRS_HOME
listener
database
ORA_CRS_HOME
ORACLE_HOME
Protected App A Protected App B Protected App C
cluster database
ORACLE_HOME
Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4
Consolidated Pool of Storage withAutomatic Storage Management (ASM)
• Customers are turning more and more to Oracle Clusterware for the cluster layer:
• Used by 75%* of Oracle’s current Oracle Database 10g RAC customers
• But… customers sometimes use the clusterware layer to protect other applications
• The – It’s not just an Oracle Database syndrome• Oracle did not support this in the Clusterware
shipped as part of Version 10gR1 of the Database
• Therefore, Oracle Clusterware provides HA for applications:• Restart on application failure• Relocate on node failure
• Example• Use it to provide cold failover for Oracle Single Instance• Protect SAP Components
* Tracked directly by Oracle Development
Why does the HA framework exist?
• Network Location• Clients need a node independent
way of connecting to an Application
• Dependencies• Components may need to be started
in a certain order
• Configuration files• Applications typically need configuration
files stored on disk
What do applications need?
What does Oracle Clusterware provide?
• VIP resource• Provides Application VIPs
• Framework• Allows you to provide Oracle Clusterware
protection to your application
• HA API• Interface to allow you to change - at run time –
how Oracle Clusterware manages your application
• OCFS (Clusterware independent / on Windows & Linux – use 3rd-party CFS alternatively)
• Provides a location for files visible across all nodes
Oracle Clusterware Architecture since Oracle Database 10g Release 2
Cluster Synchronisation Services (CSS)Basis for Inter-process & -node-operations, Node Monitoring & Membership
Hardware / Operating System Kernel
Cluster Ready Services (CRS)HA Framework
Virtual IP addresses Instances Processes
140.84.20.05 ORA-VIP140.84.20.04 ORA-VIP
140.84.20.06 ORA-VIP
SQL Cache
Large Pool
Buffer Cache
Java Pool
SGA Pool
SQL Cache
Large Pool
Buffer Cache
Java Pool
SGA Pool
ONS
140.84.20.02 USER-VIP140.84.20.01 USER-VIP
140.84.20.03 USER-VIP
And with Oracle RAC? No further steps are required – everything is installed out of the box
• Oracle Clusterware is also the underlying cluster solution for Oracle Real Application Clusters
• Including advanced functionality:• Failure Notification (FaN)• Support for 3rd party cluster software
• Low cost and flexible:• No need to purchase
additional software• Easy to install & to manage• Single-vendor support• Available on all OS certified for RAC• All resources required for RAC are
pre-configured for immediate use
Instances working together makes the differenceIn other words: why RAC and not Failover Cluster?
SharedStorage
Node 1 Node 2
Dictionary Cache
Log buffer
LCK0 LGWR DBW0
SMON PMON
Library Cache
Global Resource Directory
LMS0
Buffer Cache
LMON LMD0 DIAG
Dictionary Cache
Log buffer
LCK0 LGWR DBW0
SMON PMON
Library Cache
Global Resource Directory
LMS0
Buffer Cache
LMON LMD0 DIAG
• RAC provides higher availability due to minimised failover times• RAC uses all nodes if available – failover clusters only 1 (per DB)
Failover cluster• Failover time
up to 30 MIN.
RAC• Scalable over
n nodes• Impact of node failure:
< 1 min.!
Filesystem
Dictionary Cache
Log buffer
LCK0 LGWR DBW0
SMON PMON
Library Cache
Global Resource Directory
LMS0
Buffer Cache
LMON LMD0 DIAG