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OMF 000004Radio Frequency Part and
Antenna ISSUE1.4
Wireless Training Department
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RF Part in BTS
Antenna
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Combiner and splitter UnitCombiner and splitter Unit
Introduction
CDU
SCU
EDU
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1.1 Introduction1.1 Introduction
RF device in BTS includes two parts:
Indoor: combiner and splitter unitFor example: CDU module SCU module and
!DU module
"utdoor: antenna #eeder T$A %Tower $ountAmpli#ier& 'umper and li()tnin( arrester
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1.1 Introduction1.1 Introduction
Function of Combiner and Splitter Usin( one antenna support multi T*+R*
si(nals decreases t)e amount o#antenna and #eeder
Complete T*+R* duplex and combine
T* si(nal
Filter ampli#ier and split t)e R* si(nal
Provide power #or TTA
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Tx,Tx-
Tx.Comb
Tx.Dup
combiner duplex
splitter
splitter
ampli#ier
#ilter
Rx,Rx-Rx/Rx0
Rx1
Rx2Rx3Rx4
56.out
56.in
RxD.outRxD
Tx+Rx.A7T
1.2 CDUCombining Distribution Unit1.2 CDUCombining Distribution Unit
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T*,
T*-
T*/
T*0
T*8Comb
1.3 SCU Simple Combining Unit1.3 SCU Simple Combining Unit
combiner
combiner
combiner
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Tx, duplex
splitterampli#ier
x,
Rx-
Tx+Rx.A7T,
splitter
ampli#ier
Rx,
Rx-
duplex Tx+Rx.A7T-x-
1.4 EDUEnhance Duplexer Unit1.4 EDUEnhance Duplexer Unit
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combine
mode
typical lossvalue of
TX(dB)
pricecomparison
(per TRX)
CDU
combine twoT* si(nal
one step /dBcombiner
091 middle
SCU
combine #our
T* si(naltwo step /dB
combiner
294 low
SCU:CDU
combine #ourT* si(nal
two step /dB
combiner
4 low
!DUno combiner
double duplex, middle
Double CDU% wit)combine&
no combinerdouble duplex
, )i()
Double CDU%wit)out combiner&
combine two
T* si(naldouble duplex
091 middle
Comparison among different ! unitComparison among different ! unit
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RF Part in BTS
Antenna
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"utdoor ! de#ice"utdoor ! de#ice
Introduction
$ntenna
%o&er %op $mplifier
feeder
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Dual polarization
antenna
TTA
Lightning arrester
BTS rac;
umper connectorD!"
D!" connector
Lightning arrester#feeder
connectorD!"
umper#TT$
%onnector (D!")
&umper
umper#TT$ connector
D!"
$ntenna
connectorD!"
2.1 Introduction2.1 Introduction
! de#ice of '%S
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2.2 $ntenna2.2 $ntenna
function
Radiate and receive radio wave convert
)i() #re
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Omni antenna
l obe
Di recti on
antenna l obe
2.2 $ntenna2.2 $ntenna
pattern
2(ain specification
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adiate pattern
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t)eor= source
l / 2 antenna
Direction antenna
dBd
dBi
dBi'dBd()*+,
2.2 $ntenna2.2 $ntenna
?ain
"ne important c)aracteristic o# antenna it e
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2.2 $ntenna2.2 $ntenna
5PB@: 5al# power bandwidt)
6obe an(els between two point t)e power o# w)ic)reduce to t)e )al# o# t)at o# t)e maximum radiate
direction9
>ertical 5PB@+5oriontal 5PB@
7ormall= we re#ers to )oriontal an(el #or example :21 de(ree de(ree ,- de(ree
F+B: #orward to bac; ratio
T)e ratio o# $ain lobe si(nal stren(t) to bac; lobe
T)is value is wit)in ,401dB9 In urban it issu((ested to use t)e antenna wit) )i() F+B ratio
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
polariation
T)e direction o# electro8vector radiated b= antenna9 Dual
polariation antenna usuall= adopts :01+801 de(ree
ort)o(onal polariation9 >ertical antenna adopt vertical
polariation9 T)e vertical polariation wave is vertical wit) t)e plane o#
(round and t)e )oriontal polariation wave is parallel wit)
t)e plane o# (round
"ne antenna )as onl= one polariation direction9 Dual
polaried antenna contains two sin(le8polaried antenna in
one entit=
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)olari*ation
-.RT!%$L /0R!$0"T$L
( 1, 2 1,
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Dual )olari*ation
-#/ (#2 1,3
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
Port isolation
T)e isolation amon( ports s)ould be more t)an /dB #or
multi port antenna suc) as dual polariation antenna dual
band dual polariation antenna9
Power capacit=
Antenna can bear t)e max9 power t)at antenna can wor;
lon( time9 Because antenna contains matc)in( balance
p)ase s)i#t and couplin( devices t)e bearin( power o#
t)ese device is limited
7ull #illed
It ma= be need null #illed tec)nolo(= applied w)en ero
dept) is less t)an main beam #or E-2dB9
5i() (ain antenna especiall= adopt null #illed antenna to
e##ectivel= improve t)e nearb= conver(e
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
Upper side lobe suppression T)is index s)ould be less t)an 8,4dB
PI$ %passive inter modulation &
PI$ s)ould be satis#= 8,1dBc
Antenna sie and wei()t
t)e antenna sie s)ould be as small as
possible and its wei()t s)ould be as li()t
as possible in case t)at t)e electrical
indices can meet t)e re
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
@ind bearin( capabilit=
t)e antenna is re
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
BTSBTS
3
distributing antenna s+stem
Power
splitterPower
splitter
Power
splitter
coupling
coupling
coupling
coupling
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
Small
antenna
coupling
Dual direction
amplifier
Dual direction amplifier
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Tx+Rx
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
Tx+Rx
,9/2
91,
,91
2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
Dual direction amplifier
Dual direction
amplifier
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signal
2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
T)e optical #iber repeater is mainl= adopted in t)e case
o# wide covera(e and lon( distance transmission
Optical transceiver
Optical transceiver
Optical transceiver
Optical transceiver
transceiver
transceiver
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
Lea4ing fiber
!t is mainly adopted for tunnel5 metro5 and 6ith high
cost of e7uipment and installing
Tx+Rx
Matching load
Matching load
Dual direction amplifier
Dual direction amplifier
Power splitter
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2.2 antenna2.2 antenna
Comparison with three kinds of distributed antenna Comparison with three kinds of distributed antenna
t=pe lea;in( #iber coaxial #iber optical
desi(n a(ilit= (ood (ood not (ood
cost )i() low )i()complexit=o#
installin()i() low low
loss o#transmission
)i() )i() low
power suppl= not needed not needed needed
reliabilit= )i() )i() low
applicabilit= metrotunnel)i() buildin(commercial
area
#ar area
covera(e
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Simplex %%$ duplex %%$ triplex %%$
2.3 %%$2.3 %%$
6ow noise ampli#ier
T* #ilter
b=passBias TeeBT8
triplex %%$
antenna
D%
R filterR filter
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2.3 %%$2.3 %%$
Turn on power o# TTA in CDU be#ore install
TTA switc) is in rear panel o# CDU
Con#i(uration alarm t)res)old o# TTA current be#ore install
TTA current switc) is in rear panel o# CDUCon#i(uration attenuation #actor o# receive si(nal on consol
attenuation #actor o# receive si(nal
HTTA (ain E#eeder loss
Simplex TTA (ain:,0dB triplex TTA (ain:,-dB
Dont use TTA i# nor necessar=
For t)e convenience o# installation
To (et better li()tenin(8proo# e##ect
,otice-
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2.3 %%$2.3 %%$
Rear panel o# J$@ CDU
TTA$ TTAD
"FF "FF
TTA$ TTAD
,
-
/TTA$ TTAD
"FF "FF
,-/
TTA$: power switc) o# main TTA switc)
TTAD: power switc) o# diversit= TTA
select current limit
TTA$ TTAD
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$AI7
, -
/
,-
/
DI>!RS!
7ote:
$AI7main TTA switc)
DI>!RS!diversit= TTA switc)
2.3 %%$2.3 %%$
Rear panel o# C"$ D!> CDU
, -
/
,-
/
, -
/
,-
/
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!"#$%&'$'&($)*$*)+,C%%D-./)012
(#3#$4'$'&($*(&$1)*$#4S5,5--%%/)012
.COM6#$%%'$'&($(*$4M'*)*./)01 2
.7DR68#$41'$'&*$))*$4'4$')%$31!D,(-/&0* 2
.7DR68#$%&'$'&($*(&$1)*$4*$#4!D,&-./)01 2 %9###'9)##'9###13#
manufacturerBend
Radi us (m):S8RLOSS dB!""m /M+;2#$%&
2.4 !EEDE2.4 !EEDE
Feeder selection
T=pe : ,+-K3+4K1+0K
Select 1+0K in case o# #eeder len(t) is more t)an 4 m
and ot)erwise select 3+4K in $5
Select 1+0K in case o# #eeder len(t) is more t)an 1 m
and ot)erwise select 3+4K in ,4$5
Feeder curvature s)ould not be so bi( outer conductor
s)ould be connected to eart)
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