Grand Resources: A Fact Sheet for Grandparent and Relative Caregivers to Help Access Supportthrough the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program......................................................................................................................
IntroductionTemporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) is often theonly financial support available for grandfamilies like yours--families in which children are being raised by extended familymembers, like grandparents, and close family friends.
TANF may provide you and your grandfamily with support inseveral ways:
•Monthly cash to help meet the needs of your grandfamilyor to meet the needs of just the children you’re raising
•short-term help to meet a need like buying a crib or pay-ing a utility bill
•a pathway to access other important supports, like theSupplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)/foodstamps and Medicaid
TANF is a federal program, so it’s available in all 50 states, theDistrict of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands andGuam. However, it varies dramatically from state to state.States have a lot of flexibility to decide who is eligible and howmuch support to provide. States can even call TANF by differ-ent names. For these reasons, this fact sheet answers ques-tions from caregivers like you in general terms that apply nomatter where you live. This fact sheet also has a chart thathas contact information so you can get information about thespecific TANF program in your state.
Questions and Answers That ApplyNo Matter Where You Live
(1) I hear there are two types of TANF grants. What are they?
The two types of TANF grants are known as "child-only" and"family" grants. They may be called different things whereyou live.
Child-only grants
Child-only grants were designed to consider only the needsand income of the child. A child’s income might include child
support payments or a public benefit like SupplementalSecurity Income (SSI). Because most children have limitedincome, most relative caregivers can receive a child-only granton behalf of the children in their care.
Child-only grants are usually smaller than family grants.Although they may not be enough to meet all the needs of thechildren you’re raising, they can be a big help. The averagegrant is about $8 per day for one child. This is the nationalaverage, so some states pay more and some pay less. Allstates, however, pay only slightly more for any additional chil-dren in the grandfamily.1 In other words, the children youraise would not each get $8 (on average) per day to meet theirneeds; only the first child would get the full amount.
Family grants
The second type of TANF grant you may be eligible for is a“family grant.” If you meet your state’s income guidelines, youcan receive a grant that addresses your needs, as well as thoseof the children you’re raising. These grants are limited underfederal law to no more than 60-months and you typically haveto meet requirements to work or look for work.
States can make exceptions to these work requirements andtime limits. Many states make these exceptions and/or allowtime extensions for caregivers who are over age 60, are neededin the home to care for an incapacitated/disabled household
FACT SHEET
Photo by Pedra R.
member or are providing care for young children. Some statesmake other exceptions that might be specific to relative care-givers like you.
(2) For either type of grant, I’ve been told that I haveto give my right to child support to the state, so thestate can try to collect money from the parents. Idon’t want to make the parents mad and have themphysically hurt my grandchild and me. What do I do?
There is a federal requirement that you give your right to childsupport to the state. However, you can ask for a “good cause”exception to this requirement. The federal government allowsstates to make these exceptions. “Good cause” usually includesyour fear that the parents will be violent towards you and thechildren. Some states spell out in writing how to get one ofthese exceptions, and some don’t, but all states can grant them.
(3) I’m not related by blood, marriage or adoption tothe child I’m raising. He’s my godchild (or my neigh-bor or the child of a family friend). Can I still get afamily or a child-only TANF grant?
The ability to get TANF if you’re not related by blood, marriageor adoption depends on where you live. The federal govern-ment allows states to define “relative” for TANF, and somedefine “relative” to include godparents and other familyfriends.
(4) If my granddaughter and I get TANF, can we alsoget Medicaid and SNAP/food stamps?
Yes. If you get TANF, you should be able to get other supportsas well. In several states, TANF application forms are “com-bined application” forms. These forms usually include TANF,SNAP/food stamps, and Medicaid. Even if the forms are notcombined, states often automatically enroll beneficiaries inSNAP/food stamps, child care assistance (if working or inschool), and Medicaid. While these programs have different eli-gibility rules, many are not applied to TANF recipients.2
You should know that if you apply for SNAP at the same time asa TANF child-only grant, you will be asked about your income,in addition to the child’s income. In most states, your incomeinformation is only used to figure out the amount of SNAP ben-efits you can get. The state will not use your income informa-tion for any other purpose.
(5) My friend told me she got some short term bene-fits through TANF to help her pay for her nephew’sschool supplies and bed. How can I get some helplike that?
The federal government allows states to use TANF funds topay for short-term benefits. Many states offer these benefits.Depending onwhere you live,they may be usedto cover many dif-ferent types ofexpenses, like autility bill or a bur-ial. These benefitsare usually one-time benefits tohelp with a specificcrisis or need, andwill not last morethan four months.To get this help,you do not have tomeet work requirements.
(6) TANF could really help us, but I’ve never askedfor help from the government and I don’t want tostart now. What should I do?
We often hear these types of comments and concerns fromgrandfamilies like yours. Caseworkers, judges, attorneys, andothers can add to your concerns by saying insensitive things --- things like “you’re only raising the children for the money,”or “family should take care of family without governmenthelp.” Try to dismiss these ignorant comments. You andothers like you have heroically stepped forward to care forchildren and keep families together. Congress said that oneof the three primary reasons TANF was created was to helpgrandfamilies like yours.
Also know that most people -- with the exception of the verywealthy -- need help to meet the many needs of children theydidn’t expect to raise. Consider the costs. It will cost about$240,000 for a middle-income couple to raise a child born in2012 for 18 years.3 This does not even include the cost of col-lege. The costs of extra food, clothes, child care, school sup-plies all add up.
Photo by Liz Larkin
Despite the costs of raising children and the fact that TANF wascreated to help relatives raising children, only 12 percent ofgrandfamilies access it.4 We want to see it help more familieslike yours. So, please get the support you deserve to meet theneeds of the children you’re raising. Think of it as helping thechildren, which is what TANF will do.
Questions to Ask Your State orLocal TANF Caseworker
We hope we’ve given you a general idea of TANF benefits.Please now look at the chart, refer to your state TANF web-site, and call your state office. The person on the phonemay be able to help you or refer you to someone in a localoffice who can.
(1) What are the state’s income and other eligibility requirementsfor TANF family and child-only grants?
(2) What kind of documents do I need in order to apply for aTANF family or child-only grant?
(3) Does the state make exceptions to the TANF family grant’swork requirements and time limits for caregivers like me? -- • Are there exceptions for caregivers who are over age 60?• Are there exceptions for caregivers who are needed in the home
to care for an incapacitated/disabled household member?• Are there exceptions for caregivers who are providing care for
young children?• Are there exceptions for relative caregivers in general?• Is there another exception that may apply to me?
(4) (If you need one), can I get an exception to the requirementto give the rights to collect child support to the state?
(5) (If you’re not related by blood, marriage or adoption), can Iaccess a TANF family or child-only grant?
(6) Can I apply for Medicaid, child care assistance, andSNAP/food stamps at the same time I apply for TANF?
(7) Does the state offer any short term or one-time benefits tohelp pay for things like a crib or the rent that I owe?
(8) Are there any other services or benefits, which are funded byTANF, that I may be able to access where I live? Are there anystate programs funded by TANF that provide services or sup-ports specifically for grandfamilies?
Other Resources That May HelpAnswer your Questionswww.grandfactsheets.org
This website contains fact sheets for each state and the Districtof Columbia with state-specific data, services, and programsfor grandfamilies. You may be able to find a local group thatcan help you access TANF and other services.
Kinship Navigators
Your state may also have people known as kinship navigatorswho can help you access TANF and other programs for youand your grandfamily. These navigators are a great resource,but they do not exist in all areas of the country. To see ifthere are navigators where you live, go to www.grandfami-lies.org/KinshipNavigator-Programs/KinshipNavigatorProgramsSummaryAnalysis.aspx.
2-1-1
Many communities have these staffed phone lines that canhelp you access services. Check www.211.org to see if 2-1-1exists in your area or look in your local phone book.
AARP Foundation Benefits QuickLINK website
Another resource that may help you see what benefits you canaccess is www.aarp.org/quicklink. This website can help linkyou with TANF, SNAP/food stamps, Medicaid, and other servic-es. You can input your and your grandfamily’s information inthe QuickLINK tool and it will tell you what help you may beeligible to receive.
http://insurekidsnow.gov/
This is a great resource to find out more about Medicaid inyour state. You can also call 1-877-KIDS-NOW (Toll Free).
www.fns.usda.gov/snap/applicant_recipients/apply.htm
This website will tell you more about SNAP/food stamps whereyou live. You can find contact information for local offices andthe state hotline, along with each State's application.
Photo by Yesenia H.
1 U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). TANF and Child Welfare Programs: IncreasedData Sharing Could Improve Access to Benefits and Services (Washington, DC: GAO, October2011). Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-2
2 Sheila Zedlewski, TANF and the Broader Safety Net. (Washington, D.C.: The Urban Institute,2012). Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412569-TANF-and-the-Broader-Safety-Net.pdf
3 U.S. Department of Agriculture. Expenditures on Children by Families, 2012. Retrievedfrom http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/CRC/crc2012.pdf
4 Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2012). Stepping Up For Kids: what government andcommunities should do to support kinship families. Retrieved fromhttp://www.aecf.org/KnowledgeCenter/Publications.aspx?pubguid={642BF3F2-9A85-4C6B-83C8-A30F5D928E4D}
Generations United is the nation-al membership organizationfocused solely on improving thelives of children, youth, and
older people through intergenerational strategies, programs, and publicpolicies. Generations United represents more than 100 national, state,and local organizations and individuals representing more than 70 mil-lion Americans. Since 1986, Generations United has served as aresource for educating policymakers and the public about the econom-ic, social, and personal imperatives of intergenerational cooperation.Generations United acts as a catalyst for stimulating collaborationbetween again, children, and youth organizations providing a forum toexplore areas of common ground while celebrating the richness ofeach generation.
Generations United gratefully acknowledges the Annie E.Casey Foundation for their support of this publication.
Thanks also go to Ana Beltran, Generations United'sSpecial Advisor, for drafting this fact sheet; Jaia PetersonLent, Generations United's Deputy Executive Director, formanaging this project; and Generations United's NationalGrandfamilies Partnership Working Group for it invalu-able feedback in the creation of this publication.
For further information, please contact:Generations United1331 H Street, NW, Suite 900Washington, DC 20005Phone: (202) 289-3979; fax: (202) 289-3952; email: [email protected] ©2013, Generations United
Reprinting permissible provided Generations United is credited and no profits are made.
Additional National Resources
www.gu.org – The Generations United website contains freefact sheets and publications concerning grandfamilies, and thelatest federal public policy activity impacting the families.
www.grandfamilies.org – The Grandfamilies State Law andPolicy Resource Center contains a database of laws and legisla-tion impacting grandfamilies both inside and outside the fostercare system for all 50 states and the District of Columbia, inaddition to analyses of these laws and legislation.
www.aoa.gov -- The National Family Caregiver SupportProgram may be able to provide you with support servicesthrough your local Area Agency on Aging if you are age 55 orolder.
Through this program, AAAs or community agencies they con-tract with can provide up to five types of supportive services.Among those services is help learning about available servicesand gaining access to those services, support groups, training,respite care, and supplemental services that may include legalhelp. Even if you are younger than 55, you should contact theAAA, because it may use other funds to help younger care-givers. For contact information for your local AAA, visitwww.n4a.org/about-n4a/?fa=aaa-title-VI or call the eldercarelocator at 1-800-677-1116 (Toll-free).
www.aecf.org – The Annie E. Casey Foundation website con-tains publications and resources concerning grandfamilies,including a May 2012 Kids Count essay, Stepping Up for Kids:what government and communities should do to supportkinship families.
www.brookdalefoundation.org -- The BrookdaleFoundation’s Relatives As Parents Program (RAPP) is a nation-al network of support groups and services for grandfamilies.They have grantees in almost all states, Puerto Rico, and theDistrict of Columbia.
www.extension.org -- An eXtension office in a land-grantuniversity near you may be able help. They also have a lot ofinformation on the Internet atwww.extension.org/category/family_caregiving_grandparen-ts_raising_grandchildren.
www.urban.org – The Urban Institute compiles both a data-
base and databooks of TANF rules. They are a bit complicatedto use, but can be helpful in looking up the rules for yourstate. The databooks and database can be found athttp://www.urban.org/welfare/databook.cfm
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NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Hea
lth an
d Hum
an Se
rvices
, htt
ps://
dwss.
nv.go
v/(8
00) 9
92-09
00
Divisio
n of W
elfare
and S
uppo
rtive
North
ern N
evad
a: (7
75) 6
84-72
00,
Servi
cesSo
uthern
Nev
ada:
(702
) 486
-1646
New
Hamp
shire
FANF
(Fina
ncial
Assis
tance
to Ne
edy F
amilie
s)De
pt. of
Hea
lth an
d Hum
an Se
rvices
http:/
/www
.dhhs.
nh.go
v/dfa
/tan
f/ind
ex.ht
m(6
03) 2
71-97
00
New
Jersey
WFNJ
(Work
First
New
Jerse
y)De
pt. of
Hum
an Se
rvices
, Divis
ion
http:/
/www
.state
.nj.us
/hum
anser
vices/
dfd/p
rogram
s/wo
rkfirst
nj/(8
00) 7
92-97
73
of Fa
mily
Deve
lopme
nt
New
Mexic
oNM
Work
sHu
man S
ervice
s Dep
t.htt
p://w
ww.hs
d.stat
e.nm.
us/isd
/tan
f.htm
l(5
05) 8
27-72
50
New
York
FA (F
amily
Assis
tance)
Of
fice o
f Tem
porar
y and
htt
p://o
tda.ny
.gov/
progra
ms/t
empo
rary-a
ssista
nce/
(800
) 342
-3009
Dis
abilit
y Assi
stance
North
Carol
inaWo
rk Fir
stDe
pt. of
Hea
lth an
d Hum
an Se
rvices
, htt
p://w
ww.nc
dhhs.
gov/
dss/w
orkfirs
t/ind
ex.ht
m(9
19) 5
27-63
00Div
ision o
f Soci
al Se
rvices
North
Dako
taTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Hum
an Se
rvices
, Econ
omic
http:/
/www
.nd.go
v/dh
s/ser
vices/
finan
cialhe
lp/tan
fjobs.
html
(800
) 755
-2716
or (7
01) 3
28-23
32.
Assis
tance
Policy
Divis
ionRe
lay TT
Y: (8
00) 3
66-68
88
Ohio
OWF (
Ohio
Works
First
)De
pt. of
Job a
nd Fa
mily
Servi
ceshtt
p://jf
s.ohio
.gov/
ofam/
index
.stm
(614
) 466
-4815
Oklah
oma
TANF
(Tem
porar
y Assi
stance
for N
eedy
Fami
lies)
Dept.
of H
uman
Servi
ceshtt
p://w
ww.ok
dhs.o
rg/pro
grams
andse
rvices
/tan
f/(8
66) 4
11-18
77 or
(405
) 521
-4391
Oreg
onTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Hum
an Se
rvices
http:/
/www
.oreg
on.go
v/DH
S/ass
istan
ce/pa
ges/
cash/
tanf.a
spxCo
ntact
local
office
: htt
p://w
ww.or
egon
.gov/
dhs/
assist
ance/
page
s/loc
aloffic
es.asp
x
Penn
sylva
niaTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Publi
c Welf
arehtt
p://w
ww.dp
w.sta
te.pa
.us/f
oradu
lts/c
ashass
istan
ce/tan
fandm
oving
toind
epen
dence
/inde
x.htm
(800
) 692
-7462
Puert
o Rico
TANF
(Prog
rama d
e Ayu
da Te
mpora
l para
Ad
minis
tracio
n de D
esarro
llo
http:/
/serv
icios.a
dsef.p
r.gov
/inde
x.aspx
(787
) 289
-7600
or 3-
1-1Fa
milia
s Nece
sitad
as)So
cioeco
nomi
co de
la Fa
milia
(ADS
EF)
Rhod
e Isla
ndRh
ode I
sland
Work
sDe
pt. of
Hum
an Se
rvices
http:/
/www
.dhs.r
i.gov
/Fam
iliesw
ithCh
ildren
/Rho
deIsla
ndWo
rks/t
abid/
195/
Defau
lt.aspx
(401
) 462
-5300
South
Carol
inaFI
(Fam
ily In
depe
nden
ce)De
pt. of
Socia
l Serv
ices
https:
//dss
.sc.go
v/con
tent/
custom
ers/f
inance
/fi.a
spx(8
00) 6
16-13
09
South
Dako
taTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Socia
l Serv
ices
http:/
/dss.
sd.go
v/tan
f/(6
05) 7
73-46
78
Stat
eN
ame
of S
tate
TA
NF
Prog
ram
Ope
ratin
g A
genc
y N
ame
Web
site
Phon
e
(651
) 431
-4000
or
TTY/T
DD se
rvice:
(800
) 627
-3529
of Eco
nomi
c Opp
ortun
ityhtt
p://w
ww.dh
s.stat
e.mn.u
s/ma
in/idc
plg?Id
cServ
ice=G
ET_D
YNAM
IC_CO
NVER
SION&
Revis
ionSe
lecti
onMe
thod=
Lates
tRelea
sed&d
DocN
ame=
id_00
4112
(800
) 383
-4278
Lincol
n only
: (40
2) 32
3-390
0Om
aha o
nly: (
402)
595-1
258
Tenn
essee
Fami
lies F
irst/T
ANF
Dept.
of H
uman
Servi
ceshtt
p://t
enne
ssee.g
ov/h
uman
serv/
adfam
/afs_
tanf.h
tml
(866
) 311
-4287
Texa
sTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)He
alth a
nd H
uman
Servi
ces Co
mmiss
ionhtt
p://w
ww.hh
sc.sta
te.tx.
us/He
lp/Fin
ancia
l/tem
porar
y-assi
stance
.shtm
l2-1
-1 or
(877
) 541
-7905
Utah
Speci
fied R
elativ
e Prog
ramDe
pt. of
Work
force
Servi
ceshtt
p://jo
bs.uta
h.gov
/cust
omere
ducat
ion/s
ervice
s/fin
ancia
lhelp/
family
/spre
lative
.html
(866
) 435
-7414
Salt L
ake A
rea: (
801)
526-0
950
Verm
ont
Reach
UpDe
pt. fo
r Chil
dren a
nd Fa
milie
s, htt
p://d
cf.ve
rmon
t.gov
/esd/
reach_
up(8
00) 4
79-61
51Ag
ency
of Hu
man S
ervice
s
Virgin
Islan
dsTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Hum
an Se
rvices
http:/
/www
.dhs.g
ov.vi
/fina
ncial_
progra
ms/T
ANF.h
tml
St. Th
omas:
(340
) 774
-0930
;St
Croix:
(34
0) 77
3-232
3; St.
John
: (34
0) 77
6-633
4
Virgin
iaTA
NF (T
empo
rary A
ssista
nce fo
r Nee
dy Fa
milie
s)De
pt. of
Socia
l Serv
ices
http:/
/www
.dss.v
irgini
a.gov
/ben
efit/
tanf/
index
.cgi
(800
) 552
-3431
or (8
04) 7
26-73
85
Washi
ngton
TANF
(Tem
porar
y Assi
stance
for N
eedy
Fami
lies)
Dept.
of So
cial a
nd H
ealth
Servi
ceshtt
p://w
ww.ds
hs.wa
.gov/
onlin
ecso/
TANF
_Sup
port_
Servi
ces.sh
tml
(877
) 501
-2233
htt
p://w
ww.ds
hs.wa
.gov/
kinshi
pcare/
West
Virgin
iaWV
WOR
KSDe
pt. of
Hea
lth an
d Hum
an Re
source
s, htt
p://w
ww.w
vdhh
r.org/
bcf/f
amily
_assi
stance
/wvw
orks.a
sp(8
00) 6
42-85
89 or
(304
) 558
-0684
Burea
u for
Child
ren &
Fami
lies
Wisco
nsin
W-2 (
Wisco
nsin W
orks)
Dept.
of Ch
ildren
and F
amilie
shtt
p://d
cf.wi
sconsi
n.gov
/w2/
Mi
lwau
kee O
nly: (
414)
227-4
633,
Rest
of Sta
te (n
ot Mi
lwau
kee)
: (8
55) 7
57-45
39
Wyom
ingPO
WER (
Perso
nal O
pport
unitie
s De
pt. of
Fami
ly Se
rvices
, htt
ps://
sites.
goog
le.com
/a/w
yo.go
v/dfs
web/
econo
mic-a
ssista
nce/p
ower
(307
) 777
-5841
With
Emplo
ymen
t Resp
onsib
ilities
)Fa
mily
Assis
tance
Divisio
n
Stat
eN
ame
of S
tate
TA
NF
Prog
ram
Ope
ratin
g A
genc
y N
ame
Web
site
Phon
e