New Directions inInterpreting theMillon Clinical
Multiaxial Inventory-III(MCMI-III)
Edited by
Robert J. Craig
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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New Directions inInterpreting theMillon Clinical
Multiaxial Inventory-III(MCMI-III)
New Directions inInterpreting theMillon Clinical
Multiaxial Inventory-III(MCMI-III)
Edited by
Robert J. Craig
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Copyright 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
MCMI-III and Millon are trademarks of DICANDRIEN, Inc. MCMI-III copyright 1977,1982, 1983, 1987, 1994 DICANDRIEN, Inc. All right reserved. Published and distributedexclusively by Pearson Assessments.
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Rorschach is a registered trademark of Verlag Hans Hube, AG, Bern, Switzerland.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
New directions in interpreting the million clinical multiaxial : inventory-III (MCMI-III) /edited by Robert J. Craig.
p. cm.Includes bibliographical references.ISBN 0-471-69190-9 (cloth)1. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. I. Craig, Robert J., 1941
RC473.M47N49 2005616.89075dc22
2004059092
Printed in the United States of America.10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
www.wiley.com
Contents
Contributors vii
Introduction ix
Part I New Directions in MCMI Interpretation
1 The MCMI-III Facet Subscales 3Seth D. Grossman and Cristian del Rio
2 Diagnosing Personality Disorder Subtypes withthe MCMI-III 32Roger D. Davis and Michael J. Patterson
3 Alternative Interpretations for the Histrionic, Narcissistic,and Compulsive Personality Disorder Scales of the MCMI-III 71Robert J. Craig
4 Combined Use of the PACL and MCMI-III to AssessNormal Range Personality Styles 94Stephen Strack
5 Issues in the Assessment of Personality Disorders andSubstance Abusers with the MCMI 129Patrick M. Flynn
6 International Uses of the MCMI: Does Interpretation Change? 144Gina Rossi and Hedwig Sloore
Part II Newer Applications with the MCMI-III
7 Using the MCMI-III for Treatment Planning and to EnhanceClinical Efficacy 165Jeffrey J. Magnavita
8 Use of the MCMI-III with Other Personality Inventories 185Robert J. Craig
v
9 Forensic Application of the MCMI-III in Light ofCurrent Controversies 201Frank J. Dyer
Part III Continuing Controversies
10 Assessing Response Bias with the MCMI Modifying Indices 227R. Michael Bagby and Margarita B. Marshall
11 Validity of the MCMI-III in the Description andDiagnosis of Psychopathology 248Andrew G. Ryder and Scott Wetzler
12 The Diagnostic Efficiency of the MCMI-III in theDetection of Axis I Disorders 272Paul Gibeau and James Choca
13 On the Decline of MCMI-Based Research 284Robert J. Craig and Ronald E. Olson
14 Using Critiques of the MCMI to Improve MCMIResearch and Interpretations 290Louis Hsu
Appendix A: Diagnoses Associated with MCMI Code Types 321
Appendix B: Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory Bibliography 357
About the Editor 403
Author Index 405
Subject Index 413
vi CONTENTS
R. Michael Bagby, PhDUniversity of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada
James Choca, PhDRoosevelt UniversityChicago, Illinois
Robert J. Craig, PhD, ABPPJesse Brown VA Medical CenterChicago, Illinois
Roger D. Davis, PhDDigonex Technologies, Inc.Miami, Florida
Cristian del Rio, PhDCarlos Albizu UniversityMiami, Florida
Frank J. Dyer, PhDPrivate PracticeMontclair, New Jersey
Patrick M. Flynn, PhDInstitute of Behavioral ResearchTexas Christian UniversityFort Worth, Texas
Paul Gibeau, PsyDArgosy UniversityChicago, Illinois
Seth D. Grossman, PsyDInstitute for Advanced Studies
in Personology andPsychopathology, FloridaInternational University
Miami, Florida
Louis Hsu, PhDFairleigh Dickinson UniversityTeaneck, New Jersey
Jeffrey J. Magnavita, PhD,ABPP, FAPA
Hartford HospitalUniversity of HartfordGlastonbury, Connecticut
Margarita B. Marshall, PhDUniversity of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada
Ronald E. Olson, PhDOakland UniversityRochester, Michigan
Michael J. Patterson, PhDDigonex TechnologyMiami, Florida
Gina Rossi, PhDVrije Universiteit BrusselsBrussels, Belgium
vii
Contributors
Andrew G. Ryder, PhDConcordia UniversityMontral, QC, Canada
Hedwig Sloore, PhDVrije Universiteit BrusselsBrussels, Belgium
Stephen Strack, PhDU.S. Department of Veterans
Affairs Ambulatory Care CenterLos Angeles, California
Scott Wetzler, PhDAlbert Einstein College of
Medicine Montefiore MedicalCenter
Bronx, New York
viii CONTRIBUTORS
Introduction
THE MILLON Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (as revised)III (MCMI-III) has become a mainstay in clinical assessment and is used in a multi-plicity of settings and for a variety of assessment and treatment planningpurposes. Research cited throughout this book documents its frequent usein clinical, counseling, medical, and forensic services in both public andprivate practice venues. Only the MMPI and the Rorschach have enjoyedsuch widespread application.
Clinicians value this test because of its clinical utility. And yet, sciencedoes not stand still. New discoveries, new conceptualizations, new re-search, and critical analysis continue to refine the way we assess and theway we frame these assessments. The same is true for personality assess-ment in general and for the MCMI-III in particular. Millon continues torefine his bioevolutionary model, on which the test is based, and his pro-totype personality disorders have evolved toward greater specificity withthe theorized personality disorder subtypes. With the introduction of thethird edition of the MCMI, researchers are determining how well this lat-est revision compares with its MCMI predecessors, as well as evaluatingthe test in light of some continuing controversies. Much of this new way ofthinking about and understanding the MCMI are presented in this book.Contemporary research issues relating to the MCMI are also discussed.
This book is divided into three main sections. Part I addresses somenew directions in interpreting the MCMI. Part II highlights some newerapplications of the MCMI-III. Finally, Part III addresses some of the con-tinuing controversies with the MCMI-III. The critical analyses on whichthese chapters are based actually appeared in relation to the MCMI-I and-II, and it remains to be seen whether or not these criticisms will remainapplicable to the MCMI-III.
The MCMI is a theory-derived instrument for measuring Millons tax-onomy of personality classification. He initially used a biopsychosocialmodel for his theoretical notions, but this was eventually superseded by abioevoluntionary model that generated, from theory, basic personalitystyles for nonclinical populations as we