Ph
C¥y-bpsS BZysØ ][m
s\lvdp. ]fin‰v Ph
Ae-l-_m-Zn¬ P\n
k-ambn ktΩ-fn-®n
cp∂p Phldns‚ P
\nba hnZ-Kv[-\p-amb tamØn
kzcq]v dmWn-bp-sSbpw aq∂v k¥m
\mbn 1889 ¬ ]nd
hnP-b-e£van ]fin
ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-- m-bn. Imivao
Z¬ln-bn-te°v ]dn
C≥kvs]-IvS-dm-bn-cp∂p At±
]n∂oSv Ae-lm-_m
s\lvdp-hmWv AhnsS NcnX ]kn
ÿm]n®v Hcp ]pXnb Pohn
A—s‚ hm’-eym-arXw Xs‚ s]mt∂m
Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp
bpsS BZysØ ][m-\-a-¥n-bmWv Ph-l¿em¬
lvdp. ]fin‰v Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp 1889 \hw-_¿ 14
\n-®p. kºØpw ku`m-Ky-ßfpw ka
®n-cp∂ Hcp IpSpw-_m-¥-co-£-Øn-em
cp∂p Phldns‚ P\-\w. kzmX-¥y-k-ac tk\m-\n
amb tamØn-em¬ s\lvdp-hn-s‚bpw
sSbpw aq∂v k¥m-e-ß-fn¬ aqØ ]pX
mbn 1889 ¬ ]nd-hn-sb-SpØ B _me\v ]n¬°m-eØv
e£van ]fin-‰v, IrjvW l¿Øo-knMv F∂o
bn. Imivao-cnse aqe-Ip-Spw-_sØ
te°v ]dn-®p-\-´Xv apØ-—-\mb KwKm
cp∂p At±-lw. BZyw BK-bnepw
_m-Zn-te°pw amdn-Xm-a-kn-®p. tamØn-em¬
hmWv AhnsS NcnX ]kn-≤-amb B\-µ- -h
ÿm]n®v Hcp ]pXnb Pohn-X-Øn\v ASn-ÿm-\-an
arXw Xs‚ s]mt∂m-a-\-]p-X\v ]I¿∂p
l¿em¬
_¿ 14 \v
ßfpw ka-RvP-
em-bn-
n-bpw,
s‚bpw
fn¬ aqØ ]pX-
eØv
knMv F∂o
_sØ
mb KwKm-[¿
bnepw
em¬
h\w
an- -Xv.
v ]I¿∂p-
sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ At±lw H´pw ]nip°p ImWn-®n-√.
kvt\lm-Z-c-]q¿∆-amb Hcp at\m-`m-h-amWv Ph-l-dn\v Xs‚
]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp-- m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]e-Im-cy-ß-fnepw A—≥ aI\v
amXrIm ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n¬°m-eØv s\lvdp-hn¬
I- -Øm≥ Ign™ F√m kZvKp-W-k-º-cp-sSbpw Dd-hnSw
At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXm-hp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. s\lvdp-hs‚
]mY-anI hnZym-`ymkw bqtdm-]y≥ A[ym-]-I-cpsS Iogn¬
ho´n¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 1905 ¬ D∂X hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-
\mbn s\lvdp e- -\n-te°v I∏¬ Ib-dn. e- -\n¬ FØn
tImwºn-UvPnse Sn\n‰n tImtf-Pn¬ Fw.F _ncp-Zhpw
e- -\nse C∂¿ sSºn¬ \n∂v _mcn-Ã≥ _ncp-Zhpw t\Sn.
C¥y-bn-seØn Ae-l-_mZv sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ ]mIvSokv
Bcw-`n-®p. CØm-eØv tIm¨Kkv ]m¿´n-bn¬ tNcp-Ibpw
alm-flm-Km-‘n-tbm-sSm∏w A£oWw ]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. \n -l-c-W-]-ÿm\-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-
Øp. 1923 ¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ P\-d¬ skI-´dn-bm-bn.
A©p-X-hW C¥y≥ \mjvW¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ A[y-£-
\m-bn. 1947 ¬ C¥y kzX-¥-bm-b-t∏mƒ C¥y-bpsS BZy
][m-\-a-¥n-bmbn s\lvdp Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏- p. \h-`m-cX
inev]n-bmb Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp 1964 ¬ A¥-cn-®p.