Objectives• Know the type and formation of hip joint.• Differentiate the stability and mobility between the hip joint
and shoulder joint. • Identify the muscles that act at the hip joint.
• Identify the muscles of the thigh in terms of their origin,
insertion, nerve supply and actions.
• Explain the relationships of contents of the femoral triangle to
each other & to the surrounding bone and soft tissue
landmarks.
Anterior compartment(Quadriceps femoris muscle)(Extensor group)
Femoral nerveFemur
Posterior compartment(Hamstring muscles)(Flexor group)
Sciatic nerve
Medial compartment(Adductor muscles)
Obturator nerve
Deep fascia
Compartments of the thigh
MUSCLES:
1. Adductor longus
2. Adductor brevis
3. Adductor magnus (Adductor part)
4. GracilisACTION:
adduction of hip joint
N.B.: Gracilis also flexes knee jointNERVE SUPPLY:
obturator nerve
Adductor magnus(Adductor portion)
Medial Compartment of Thigh
1
2
34
Adductor magnus(Hamstring portions)
1
2
34
InsertionPosterior border of femur (Linea Aspera)
Upper part of medialsurface of tibia
(behind sartorius)
Adductor longus Adductor brevisAdductor magnus(adductor portion)
Gracilis
OriginBody of pubis Body of pubis
Inferior pubic ramus
Inferior pubic ramusIschial ramus
Adductor hiatus
Hamstring hiatus
Adductor part
Anterior Compartment of Thigh
Vastus Intermedius(deep to rectus femoris)
12
3
1
4
2
3
4
Flexor of the hip:
1. Sartorius
2. Pectineus
3. Psoas major
4. Iliacus Extensors of knee (Quadriceps
femoris):
1. Rectus femoris
2. Vastus lateralis
3. Vastus medialis
4. Vastus intermedius Nerve supply: Femoral nerve
Sartorius
Origin
Insertion
Action (TAILOR’S POSITION)Flexion, abduction & lateral rotation of hip jointFlexion of knee joint
Femoral TriangleDef: It is a deep hollow in the Upper third of front of thigh inferior to the inguinal ligament
Boundaries Base: Inguinal ligament Medial: Medial border of the adductor
longus muscle Lateral: Medial border of the sartorius
muscle Floor: (from media to lateral)
• adductor longus • Pectineus • Psoas major• Iliacus
• Roof: Skin, superficial & deep fascia.
PectineusIliopsoas
Contents of femoral triangleContents of femoral triangle
Femoral a. +its br+ .
sympatheticplexus
Femoral v. +its tribut.
Femoral n.+its br.
Femoral sheath
Lat. cut. n.of the thigh
Femoral br.of genito-
femoral n.
Deep inguinalL.N.
Femoral sheath
Fasciatransversalis
Fasciailiaca
Femoralring
Femoral canal
Lacunarlig.
Inguinallig.
Femoral septum
DEFINITION: an aponeurotic tunnel for femoral artery & veinSITE: In middle third of front of thigh deep to sartoriusEXTENT: From apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatusBOUNDARIES:
Roof (Anterior): Sartorius (medially) and vastus medialis (laterally) Floor (Posterior): Adductor longus & magnus
ADDUCTOR CANAL
(Subsartorial/Hunter’s canal) Adductor hiatus
Femoral vein
Femoral artery
Saphenous nerve
Nerve toVastus medialis
Descending genicular artery
mediallateral
Fibrous
roofVastus
medialis
Contents of adductor canal
Posterior Compartment Of The ThighHamstring muscles:1. Biceps femoris. 2. Semitendinosus.3. Semimembranosus.4. Ischial part of adductor
magnus.Action:5. Extend hip6. Flex kneeBlood supply: • profunda femoris artery.Nerve supply: • Sciatic nerve.
Semi-membranosus
Soleal line
Oblique poplitealligament
Ischieal tuberosity
Medial condyle of tibia
Action:1. Extend hip2. Flexion and medial
rotation of the knee
S G S
Semi-tendinosus
Upper medial surface of tibia
Ischieal tuberosity
Action:1. Extend hip2. Flexion and medial
rotation of the knee
Biceps femoris
Ischeal tubersoity
Styloid process of fibula
Action:1. Extend hip2. Flexion and lateral
rotation of the knee
Adductor Magnus (Hamstring Part)
• Nerve supply: • The tibial portion of the
sciatic.• Action: • Extension of the hip joint.
NERVE SUPPLY Sciatic Nerve
Origin: L4 and 5; S1, 2, 3.
Course; descends between biceps femoris, semimembranosus muscles (posteriorly) and adductor magnus anteriorly.
Termination: In the lower third of the thigh it ends by dividing into the tibial and common peroneal nerves.
Psoas Major
Tensor Fascia Latae
Rectus Femoris
Adductor Longus
Sartorius
Vastus Medialis
Iliacus
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Intermedius DEEP TO RECTUS FEMORIS
Surface anatomy of the thigh
• Surface features of the Thigh– Sartorius muscle– Quadriceps femoris
muscle– Adductor longus muscle– Hamstring muscles– Femoral triangle
Q:Muscles which produce:1. Flexion hip and knee………..2. Extension hip and flexion knee……3. Flexion hip and extension knee…..