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ACHARYANAGARJUNAUNIVERSITYNAGARJUNANAGAR522510

ANDHRAPRADESH,INDIA

SchemeofInstruction,ExaminationanddetailedSyllabi

of

ELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

Inthespecializationof

COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING&SIGNALPROCESSING

2Year

M.Tech

Degree

Course

(SemesterSystem)

w.e.f.20112012


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ACHARYANAGARJUNAUNIVERSITY::NAGARJUNANAGAR

REVISEDREGULATIONSFOR

TWO YEAR M.TECH.DEGREECOURSE

(CREDITBASEDSYSTEM)

(Witheffectfromthebatchofstudentsadmittedduringtheacademicyear20112012).

1. ELIGIBILITYFORADMISSION

1.1 The candidates, both nonsponsored and sponsored, for Admission into M.Tech

programmeshallhaveoneofthefollowingqualifications.

S.No. Programme Qualifications

1Chemical

Engineering

BachelorDegree inChemicalEngineering/ChemicalTechnology /

Biotechnology or its equivalent Degree recognized by Acharya

NagarjunaUniversity.

2 CivilEngineeringBachelor Degree in Civil Engineering or its equivalent Degree

recognizedbyAcharyaNagarjunaUniversity.

3

Computer

Scienceand

Engineering

B.Tech/B.E Computer Science and Engineering/Information

Technology/M.C.A/M.Sc. Computers/M.Sc. Eletronics/M.Sc.

Mathematics or its equivalent Degree recognized by Acharya


4

Electricaland

Electronics

Engineering

Bachelor Degree in Electrical & Electronics Engineering/Electrical

Engineering/ Electrical Power Engineering/ AMIE (Electrical

Engineering) or its equivalent Degree recognized by Acharya


5

Electronicsand

Communication

Engineering

Bachelor Degree in Electronics & Communication/ Electronic &

Instrumentation Engineering/AMIE or its equivalent Degree


6Mechanical

Engineering

BachelorDegreeinMechanicalEngineeringoritsequivalentDegree


1.2 AdmissionofNonsponsoredcategorystudents:Admissionofnonsponsoredcategory

students ismade on the basis ofGATE/PGECET rank. WhenGATE/PGECET qualified

candidatesarenotavailable,admissionwillbeon thebasisofmerit in thequalifying

examination. Students with orwithout GATE/PGECET rank should have obtained a

minimumof50%marksinthequalifyingexaminationtobecomeeligibleforadmission.

Reservationof seats to the candidatesbelonging to ScheduledCastes and Scheduled

Tribes is as prescribed by the State Govt./University from time to time. If suitable

candidatesarenotavailabletofillalltheseatsreservedforS.Tcategory,theyshallbe

filledbystudentsS.C.Categoryandviceversa.

If suitable candidates arenot available for reserved seats, they shallbe filledby the

generalcategorycandidates.


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1.3 AdmissionofSponsoredCategorystudents:Sponsoredcategorystudentsshouldhaveat

least50%marks inthequalifyingexaminationtobecomeeligibleforadmissiontothe

Post Graduate Programme. Preference will be given to those candidates who are

GATE/PGECETqualified.

Thecandidatesmusthaveaminimumof twoyearsof full timeworkexperience ina

registered firm / company/ industry / educational and research institutions / any

governmentdepartmentorgovernmentautonomousorganizationsintherelevantfield

inwhichtheadmissionisbeingsought.

A letter from the employer must be furnished stating that the candidate is being

sponsoredtogetadmission. Theemployershouldalsoindicatethatthecandidatewill

notbewithdrawnmidway till thecompletionofcourse. The ruleof reservationshall

notapplytotheadmissionofsponsoredcategorystudents.

1.4

The total number of full time candidates admitted into a course with or withoutGATE/PGECETrankshouldnotexceedthesanctionedstrength.

2.0

MEADIUMOFINSTRUCTION,DURATIONANDSTRUCTURE

2.1. ThemediumofinstructionshallbeinEnglish.

2.2. The minimum and maximum period for completion of the P.G. Programme is 4

Semestersand8Semestersrespectivelyforfulltimestudents.

2.3. EachSemestershallnormallyspreadoversixteenweeks.

(a)TheProgrammemayconsistof

i. CoreCourses

ii. ElectiveCourses

iii. Seminars

iv. ProjectWork

(b) The structure of the Programme comprises of two semesters of course work

consistingof6Coresubjects+6Electivesubjectsplus(3Labs+1Seminar)or(2Labs

+2Seminar)followedbytwosemestersofProjectwork. Inthethirdsemesterthe

studentshouldgiveaprojectseminar.Attheendof fourthsemesterthestudents

shouldsubmitProjectThesis.

2.4.

Projectwork shallbe carriedoutunder the SupervisionofaFacultyMember in theconcerneddepartment.

2.5.

A candidate may, however, in certain cases, be permitted to work on his

Project/Dissertation at the place of employment, any recognized Institution/R&D

Organization/IndustrywiththeapprovaloftheHeadoftheDepartmentconcernedand

HeadoftheOrganization.Insuchcases,theProjectWorkshallbejointlysupervisedby

amemberof the facultyandaperson from theOrganizationholdingaminimumof

P.G.Degreeintheconcernedareaofspecialization.


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2.6. Five copiesof theProjectReport certifiedby the Supervisor(s) and theHeadof the

DepartmentconcernedshallbesubmittedwithinoneCalendarYearaftercompletion

ofthesecondsemester.

2.7. The student is eligible for the submission ofM.Tech. Project Report at the end of

fourthsemesterifhe/shepassedallthecourseworkinthefirst&secondsemesters.

2.8. Inaspecialcase, ifanycandidateunablesubmithis/herProjectReportattheendof

fourth semesterdue to illhealthoranyother reasonpermittedby theheadof the

institution, he/she will be allowed submit at a latter date.and the vivavoce

examinationwillbeconductedseparately.

3.0.ATTENDANCE

3.1 Thecandidateshallputupaminimumof75%attendanceineachsubject.

3.2. Condonationofshortage inattendanceupto10% inanysubjectmaybecondonedby

theUniversityon the recommendationsof thePrincipalof the concernedCollege for

reasonsofillhealthandtheapplicationissubmittedatthetimeofactualillnessandis

supported by a certificate from the authorized Medical Officer approved by the

Principal.

3.3. Ifthecandidatedoesnotsatisfytheattendancerequirement inanysubjectheorshe

shallnotbepermittedtoappearfortheUniversityexaminationinthatsubjectandhas

torepeatthatsubjectwhennextofferedorstudyanyotherspecifiedsubjectasmaybe

required. Incaseofrepetitionthenewinternalmarksbetakenintoaccount.

3.4. FailureinsecuringminimumprescribedattendanceinanysubjectofpreviousSemester

(s)isnobarforenrollmenttothenextsemester.

4.0.EVALUATION

4.1 Theperformanceof the candidate in each semester shallbe evaluated subjectwise.

The maximum marks for each subject, seminar etc, will be as prescribed in the

curriculum. TheInternalEvaluationforTheorysubjectsshallbebasedonthebestofthe

performancesinthetwomidtermexaminationsoneheldinthemiddleofthesemester

and another held immediately after the completion of the instruction. The internal

evaluationforpracticalsubjects isbasedonthedaytodayperformanceandsemester

endinternalpracticalExamination.

4.2 The marks for Seminar will be awarded by internal evaluation made by two staff

membersofthefacultyofthedepartmentconcerned.

4.3 FortakingtheUniversityexaminationinanytheoryorpracticalsubject,candidatesshall

be required toobtainaminimumof50%marks in Internalevaluation in that subject

failingwhichhe/sheshallberequiredtorepeatthecourse inthatsubjectwhennext

offeredorstudyanyotherspecifiedsubjectasmayberequired. Incaseofrepetition

thenewinternalmarkswillbetakenintoaccount.


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4.4 Acandidateshallbedeemedtohavesecuredtheminimumacademicrequirementina

subjectifheorshesecuresaminimumof50%marksininternalevaluation.

4.5

In case the candidate does not secure theminimum academic requirement in any

subject he/she has to reappear in theUniversity examination in that subject or any

equivalentsubjectprescribed

4.6 Failure to attain the minimum academic requirement in any subject of previous

semester(s)isnobarforenrollmenttothenextsemester.

4.7 Theperformanceofthestudents ineachsemestershallbeevaluatedsubjectwiseThe

distribution of marks between sessional work (based on internal assessment) and

UniversityExaminationwillbeasfollows:

NatureofthesubjectSessional

Marks

University

Exam.Marks

Theorysubjects

Practicals

Seminar

Projectwork

30

30

100

50

70

70

150(Vivavoce)

5.

AWARDOFCREDITS

Credits are awarded for each Theory/Practical/Seminar/Project Subjects. Each theory

subject is awarded 4 credits and each practical/Seminar subjects is awarded 2 credits.

ProjectseminarinIIISemester isawarded8creditsandProjectVivavoceattheendofIV

Semesterisawarded16credits.

6.

AWARDOFGRADES

A Student securing F grade in any subject there by securing 0 grade points has to

reappearandsecureatleastEgradeatthesubsequentexaminationsinthatsubject

S.No. RangeofMarks Grade Grade

Points

1 85% S 10.0

2 75%84% A 9.0

3 65%74% B 8.0

4 60%64% C 7.0

5 55%59% D 6.0

6 50%54% E 5.0

7 49% F(Fail) 0.0

8 ThegradeWrepresentswithdrawal/absent(subsequently

changedintopassorEtoSorF

gradeinthesamesemester)

W 0.0


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Wdenoteswithdrawal/absentforasubject

Afterresultsaredeclaredand Gradesheetswillbe issuedtoeachstudentwhich

willcontainthefollowingdetails:

ThelistofsubjectsinthesemesterandcorrespondingcreditsandGradeobtained

TheGradepointaverage(GPA)forthesemesterand

TheCumulativeGradePointAverage(CGPA)ofallsubjectsputtogetheruptothat

semesterfromfirstsemesteronwards

GPAiscalculatedbasedonthefallowingformula:

Sumof[No.CreditsXGradePoints]

_______________________________

SumofCredits

CGPAwillbecalculatedinasimilarmanner,consideringallthesubjectsenrolledfrom

firstsemesteronwards.

7.

AWARDOFDEGREEANDCLASS

Acandidatewhobecomeseligible for theawardof thedegree shallbeplaced in the

following three divisions based on the CGPA secured by him/her for the entire

Programme

S.No. Class CGPA

1 FirstClassWithDistinction 8.0ormore

2 FirstClass 6.5ormorebutlessthan8.0

3 SecondClass 5.0ormorebutlessthan6.5

8. WITHHOLDINGOFRESULTS

Theresultofacandidatemaybewithheldinthefollowingcases

i. Thecandidatehasnotpaidduestotheinstitution

ii. Acaseofindisciplineispendingagainstthecandidate

iii. Acaseofmalpracticeinexaminationispendingagainstthecandidate

Theissueofdegreeisliabletobewithheldinsuchcases

9.

GENERAL

9.1 TheUniversityreservestherightofalteringtheregulationsasandwhennecessary.

9.2 The regulations altered will be applicable to all the candidates on the rolls

irrespectiveofthefactthattheregulationsatthetimeofadmissionofthestudentto

theprogrammearedifferent.

9.3TheAcademicRegulationsshouldbereadasawholeforpurposeofanyInterpretation

Wheneverthereisadisputeregardinginterpretationofregulations,thedecisionofthe

ViceChancellorisfinal.


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ISemester

Sl.

No.

COURSEDETAILS Schemeof

Instruction

SchemeofExamination

Credit

sCodeNo.

SubjectName

Periodsper

week

Duration

of

University

Exam(hrs)

Maximum

Marks

Total

Mark

s

Lecture+

Tutorial

Prac

tical

Sessio

nal

Marks

Unive

rsity

Marks

1 CESP 511AdvancedDigital

Communication4 3 30 70 100 4

2 CESP 512Coding Theory And

Techniques4 3 30 70 100 4

3 CESP 513SpeechSignal

Processing4 3 30 70 100 4

4 CESP 514

ELECTIVEI:

1. Image&Video

Processing

2. WaveletSignal

Processing

3.

RadarSignal

Processing

4 3 30 70 100 4

5 CESP 515

ELECTIVEI

1. SpreadSpectrum

Communication

2.

Advancedsignal

processing

3. FibreOptic

Communication

4 3 30 70 100 4

6 CESP 516

ELECTIVEIII:

1. Artificial Neural

Networks

2. Adaptive Signal

Processing

3.

Microwave

Measurements

4 3 30 70 100 4

7 CESP551 CommunicationLab 3 3 30 70 100 2

8 CESP552 Seminar 3 100 100 2

TOTAL 24 6 310 490 800 28


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IISemester

Sl.

No

COURSEDETAILSSchemeof

Instruction

SchemeofExamination

Credit

s

CodeNo.

SubjectName Periodsper

week

MaximumMarks

Total

MarksLectu

re+

Tutor

ial

Pract

ical

Duration

of

University

Exam(hrs)

Session

al

Marks

Universi

ty

Marks

1 CESP521Real Time Signal

Processing4 3 30 70 100 4

2 CESP522Multirate Systems and

FilterBanks4 3 30 70 100 4

3 CESP523 WirelessCommunication 4 3 30 70 100 4

4 CESP524

ELECTIVEI

1. EmbeddedSystems

2. PatternRecognition

3. Random processing

&InformationTheory

4 3 30 70 100 4

5 CESP525

ELECTIVEII

1.Satellite

CommunicationSystems

2.GlobalPositioning

Systems

3.TelecommunicationSwitchingSystems

4 3 30 70 100 4

6 CESP526

ELECTIVEIII

1. FuzzyTechniques

2. Optimization

Techniques

3. Orthogonal

Frequency

Division

Multiplexing

4 3 30 70 100 4

7 CESP 561 SignalProcessingLab 3 3 30 70 100 2

8 CESP562 Seminar 3 100 1002

TOTAL 24 6 310 490 800 28


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CESP511

ADVANCEDDIGITALCOMMUNICATION

UNITI

Intersymbol interference, Duobinary signaling and modified duobinary signaling, linear

predictive coding, review of orthogonal signals, coherent BPSK& BFSK,MSK, Noncoherent

modulatortechniques,MarymodulationofPSK,FSKandQAM

UNITII

PNsequences,ANotionofspreadspectrum,DirectSequencespreadcoherentBPSK,signal

space dimensionality and processing gain, probability of error, frequency hop spread

spectrum,synchronizationofspreadspectrumsignals:Acquisitionandtracking

UNITIII

EncryptionandDecryption:Amodeloftheencryptionanddecryptionprocess.Ciphersystems,

streamencryptionandPublickeyencryptosystem.

UNITIV

Fading:Characterizationof fadingmultipathchannels,DiversityTechniques for fadingmulti

pathchannels, frequencyselective,nonselective fading,Signaltimespreading,Timevariance

ofthechannelcausedbymotion.

TextBooks:

1. SimonHaykinDigitalCommunications

2. B.Sklar,DigitalCommunications,AddisonWesley.

ReferenceBooks:

1. J.G.Proakis,DigitalCommunications,McGrawHill.

2. TaubandSchilingPrinciplesofCommunicationSystems2ndedition


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CESP512

CODINGTHEORYANDTECHNIQUES

UNITI

SourceCoding :Mathematicalmodelsof Information,ALogarithmicMeasureof Information,Average and Mutual Information and Entropy, coding for Discrete memoryless Sources,

PropertiesofCodes,IluffmanCode,RunLengthCodes,LempelZivCodes,ShanonFanocoding

UNITII

ChannelCoding:IntroductiontoLinearBlockCodes,GeneratedMatrix,SystematicLinearBlock

Codes,EncoderImplementationofLinearBlockCodes,ParityCheckMatrix,SyndromeTesting,

ErrorDetectingandCorrectingCapabilityofLinearBlockCodes,HammingCodes,Probabilityof

anUndetectedErrorforLinearCodesOveraBSC PerfectCodes

UNITIII

CycleCodes :AlgebraicStructureofCyclicCodes,BinaryCyclicCodeProperties,Encoding in

SystematicForm,SyndromeComputationandErrorDetection,DecodingofCyclicCodes,Cyclic

HammingCodes

BCHCodes:DescriptionoftheCodes,MinimumDistanceandBCHBounds,DecodingProcedure

forBCHCodes,ImplementationofGalorsFieldArithmetic,ImplementationofErrorCorrection

UNITIV

ConvolutionalCodes:EncodingofConvolutionalCodes,StructuralPropertiesofConvolutionalCodes, State Diagram, Tree Diagram, Trellis Diagram, Maximum, Likelihood Decoding of

ConvolutionalCodes,ViterbiAlgorithm,Sequentialdecodingalgorithm

TextBooks:

1. ErrorControlCodingFundamentalsandApplicationsbySHULINandDanielJ.Costello,

JR.,PrenticeHallInc

2. SimonHaykinCommunicationSystems,4thedition

3. DigitalCommunicationsFundamentalsandApplicationsbyBernardSklar,Pearson

Education

Asis,

2003

4. DigitalCommunicationsJohnG.Proakis,Mc.GrawHillPublications

5. J.Das,Sk.Mallik,PKChattergeePrinciiplesofDigitalCommunicationNAI(P)

Ltd,2000


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CESP513

SPEECHSIGNALPROCESSINGUNITI

Introduction Signal and Linear Systems, Frequency analysis, Discretetime signals andsystems,filters.

Speech production and acoustic phonetics Anotomy and psysiology of speech organs,

articulatoryphonetics,acousticphonetics.

Shorttimespeechanalysiswindowing,spectraofwindows,signalanalysisintimedomain,

short time energy,magnitude, zerocrossing rate and auto correlation function, Frequency

domainanalysisfilterbanks,formantestimationandtracking.

UNITII

Linear predictive coading (LPC) analysis Basic principles, computation of LP coefficients,

spectral estimation, window considerations, emphasizing low frequencies, polezero LPC

models.

Cepstral analysisMathematical details, applications of the capstrum,Melscale capstrum,

pitchestimationusingtimedomainandshorttimespectraltechniques.

UNITIII

SpeechenhancementNatureofinterferingsounds,speechenhancementtechniques,spectral

subtraction,enhancementbyresynthesis.

Automatic speech recognition Basic pattern recognition approaches, parametric

representationofspeech,evaluating thesimilarityof speechpatterns, spectraland temporal

variability.

UNITIV

HiddenMarkovModel (HMM) for speech recognition,Viterbi algorithm, training and testing

usingHMMs,adaptingtovariabilityinspeech,languagemodels.

Speaker recognition Recognition techniques, features that distinguish speakers, system

design,languageandaccentidentification.

Textbooks:

1. Douglas O Shaughnessy, Speech Communications, second Edition, Oxford University

Press,20002. L.RRabinerandS.W.Schafer.digitalProcessingofspeechsignals,PrenticeHall

References:

1. Owens,SignalProcessingofSpeech

2.

DellarandProakis,DigitalSignalProcessing,PHI


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CESP514/1

IMAGE&VIDEOPROCESSING

UNITI

Color imageprocessingColormodelscolortransformationssmoothingandsharpening

imagesegmentationbasedoncolorcolorimagecompression.

UNITII

Video formation,perceptionand representationcolorperceptionand specificationvideo

captureanddisplayanalogvideorasteranalogcolortelevisionsystems

Digitalvideo Fourieranalysisof video signalsand frequency responseof thehuman visual

system.

UNIT

III

Videosamplingsamplingofvideosignalsvideosamplingrateconversionvideomodeling,

Twodimensionalmotionestimation

UNITIV

Videocodingsystemswaveformbasedvideocodingcontentdependentvideocoding.

VideocompressionstandardsErrorcontrolinvideocommunication

TEXTBOOKS

1. Digital Image Processing 3rd Edition Rafael C.Gonzalez, Richard E.Woods , Pearson

Education,2009.(ForUnitIonly)

2.Video Processing andCommunication 1st edition YaoWang, J.Ostermann, Ya Zhang,

PrenticeHall,2001.(ForUnitII,IIIandIV)

REFERENCEBOOKS

1. Imageprocessing,analysis,andmachinevision,2ndEdition, SonkaM,HlavacV,BoyleR.

BrooksColepublishing,1999.

2. Multidimensional, signal, image and video processing and coding, Woods, Elsevier,

Academicpress,2006.


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CESP514/2WAVELETSIGNALPROCESSING

UNIT I

OrthogonalSignalSpaces,ApproximationsofFunctionsbyaSetofMutuallyOrthogonalFunctions,Orthogonality in Complex Functions, Trigonometric & Exponential Fourier Series, Concepts of

FourierTransforms,PropertiesandtheirSignificance,EnergyandPowerSpectralDensityFunctions.

UNITII

TimeFrequency Analysis: Window function, Short Time Fourier Transform, Properties of

ShortTimeFourierTransform,DiscreteShortTimeFourierTransform.

ContinuousWaveletTransform:ContinuousTimeWavelets,DefinitionoftheCWT,TheCWTas

aCorrelation,ConstantQFactorFiltering InterpretationandTimeFrequencyResolution,The

CWTasanOperator,InverseCWT.

UNITIII

Introduction to the Discrete Wavelet Transform and Orthogonal Wavelet Decomposition:

ApproximationofVectorsinNestedLinearVectorSubspaces,ExampleofanMRA.

MRA,OrthonormalWaveletsand theirrelationship to filterbanks:FormalDefinitionofMRA,

Construction of aGeneralOrthonormalMRA, awavelet basis for theMRA, Digital Filtering

Interpretation,InterpretingOrthonormalMRAsfordiscretetimesignals.

UNITIV

ParsevalsIdentityfortheCWT,InverseCWTisamanytooneoperation,WaveletInnerProduct

as a Projection Operation, CWT with an Orthonormal basis generating wavelet, A trous

algorithm.

Biorthogonal Wavelet basis, filtering relationship for biorthogonal filters, two dimensional

wavelets,waveletpackets.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. SignalProcessingandLinearSystems,B.P.Lathi,BerkleyCambridge

2. Wavelet Transforms Introduction to Theory and Applications, Raghuveer M. Rao,

Ajit opardikar,PearsonEducation,Asia

REFERENCES:

1. SignalsandSystems,B.P.Lathi

2. Fundaments of Wavelets Theory, Algorithms and Applications, Jaideva C.

Goswami,AndrewK.Chan,JohnWiley&Sons


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CESP514/3

RADARSIGNALPROCESSING

UNITI

Introduction Radar functions and Applications, Target Detection, Resolution and Clutter ,BasicSurveillanceRadarImplementation.

RadarEngineeringEquationParameters, lossfactors,RadarDetectionwithNoise,Jamming,

VolumeClutterandAreaClutter,DetectionProbability,falsealarmsensitivityandintroductions

toCFARTechnique,BasicsofCACFARprocessor,ResolutionCellandMeasurementAccuracy,

AmbiguitiesinRangeandDoppler.

UNITII

Signal Processing&Waveform Selection 1 : Introduction,Matched Filter Processing (with

examples),Matched Filter Receiver,Matched Filter and Correlation Function, Efficiency of

Practical Filters, Effect of Transmitted waveform, Correlation Detection, Cross correlation

Receiver.

DetectionCriteria,NeymanPearsonObserver,IdealObserver,SequentialObserver,Likelihood,

Ration,Maximum LikelihoodFunction,InverseProbabilityCriterion,UncertaintyRelation.

UNITIII

Signal Processing&Waveform Selection 1I : TransmitWaveforms, Types,Design Criteria,

radar Ambiguity Function Principles, Properties, Examples, Radar Environmental Diagram,

Optimization,DesirabilityofRangeDopplerAmbiguities.

Phase Coding Techniques : Principles, Random Binary coding, Binary periodic Sequences,AmbiguityFunctionforPRSequences,MaximalLengthBinaryCodes,PerfectwordsandCodes,

Poly Phase Codes. Decoding Techniques, Analog and Digital Schemes, Noise and Clutter

Performances.

UNITIV

Linear FM and Frequency Coding Techniques: Principles, Linear FM pulses, Generation and

Decoding, Distortion effects on LFM Signals, Discrete Frequencies, Waveform Analysis,

Capabilities,ResolutionpropertiesofFrequencyCodedPulses.

TextBooks:

1. F.E.Nathanson,RadarDesignPrinciplesSignalProcessingandtheEnvironment,

McGrawHill,FirstEdition(1969)

2. RamonNitzberg,radarSignalProcessingandAdaptiveSystems,ArtechHouse,1999

3. M.I.Skolnik,IntroductiontoRadarSystems,McGrawHill

4. M.I.Skolnik(ed.)RadarHandBook,McGrawHill,wnded,1992


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CESP515/1

SPREADSPECTRUMCOMMUNICATION

UNITI

Direct Sequence Systems, definitions and concepts, Spreading sequences and waveforms,Systems with PSK Modulation, Quaternary Systems, Pulsed Interference, Rejection of

NarrowbandInterference.

UNITII

FrequencyHoppingSystems,ConceptsandCharacteristics,Modulations,Codesforpartialband

interference,FrequencySynthesizers.

UNITIII

Code Synchronization, Acquisition of Spreading sequences, Serial Search Acquisition,

Acquisitioncorrelator,codeTracking,FrequencyHoppingPatterns.

UNITIV

Detection of Spread Spectrum Signals, Detection of Direct sequence signals, Detection of

FrequencyHoppingSignals.

TextBook:

1.PrinciplesofSpreadSpectrumCommunicationSystemsbyDon.J.Torrieri,Springer

Publishers,2005.

References:

1. IntroductiontospreadspectrumcommunicationsbyRogerL.Peterson,RodgerE.

Ziemer,DavidE.Borth,PrenticeHall,1995.

2. SpreadSpectruminCommunications,R.Skaug,J.F.Hjelmstad,PublishedbyInstitutionof

ElectricalEngineers.


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CESP515/2

ADVANCEDSIGNALPROCESSING

UNITI

POWERSPECIRALESTIMATIONEstimationofSpectrafromFiniteDuration ObservationsofaSignal,thePeriodogram,Useof

DFT in power Spectral Estimation, Bartlett, Welch and Blackman, Turkey methods,

ComparisonofperformanceofNonParametricPowerSpectrumEstimationMethods.

UNITII

PARAMETRICMETHODOFPOWERSPECTRUMESTIMATION

ParametricMethods forpower spectrumestimation,RelationshipbetweenAuto Correlation

andModelParameters,AR(AutoRegressive)ProcessandLinearprediction,YuleWalker,Burg

andUnconstrained Least SquaresMethods, SequentialEstimation,MovingAverage(MA) and

ARMAModelsMinimum VarianceMethod, Piscaranko's Harmonic DecompositionMethod,

MUSICMethod.

UNITIII

Wiener Filtering: Introduction, The FIR Wiener Filter, Filtering, Linear Prediction, Noise

Cancellation,LatticeRepresentationfortheFIRWienerFilter

UNITIV

The IIRWienerFilter,NonCausal IRWienerFilter,TheCausalWienerFiltering,CausalLinear

Prediction,WienerDeconvolution,DiscreteKalmanFilter.

TEXTBOOKS

1. ProakisJGandManolakisDGDigitalSignalProcessingPrinciples,Algorithmsand

applications,PHI(ForUnitIandII)

2.StatisticaldigitalSignalProcessing andModellingbyMonsonHayes,WileyIndia

Publications.(ForUnitIIIandUnitIV)

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1. OpenheimAV&SchaferRW,DiscreteTimeSignalProcessingPHI.

2. OrfanadisS,IntroductiontoDigital SignalProcessingPHI

3. OrfanadisSOptimumSignalProcessingPHI


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CESP516/1

ARTIFICIALNEURALNETWORKS

UNITI

Introduction:History ofNeuralNetworks, Structure and functions of biological and artificial

neuron,neuralnetworkarchitectures,Learningmethods,evaluationofneuralnetworks.

UNITII

Supervised learning I:Single layernetworks,McCullochPlusNeuron,ModelPerceptron I

carning, Delta learning Widrow Hoff learning rules, linear seperability, Adaline and

modifications.

UNITIII

Supervised learning II: Multi layer networks: Architectures, Madalines, Backpropagation

algorithm, importance of learning parameter and momentum term, radial basis functions,

polynomialnetworks.

Unsupervised learning: Winner Take all learning, out star learning, learning vector

quantizers,counterpropagationnetworks,Kohonenselforganizingnetworks,Grossberglayer,

adaptiveresonancetheory,HammingNet.

UNITIV

Assoctative memories: Hebbian learning rule, continuous and discrete, Hopfield networks,recurrentandassociativememory,Boltzmanmachines,Bidirectionalassociativememory.

Applications of neural networks : Optimization, Travelling Salesman, Problem solving

simultaneouslinearequations,ApplicationsinpatternrecognitionandImageProcessing.

TextBooks

1. J.M.ZuradaIntroductiontoArtificialNeuralSystems,JaicoPublications.

2. KishanMehrotra,ChelkuriK.Mohan,SanjavRanka,elementsofArtificialNeural

Networks,TenramInternational.

3. B.Yegnanarayana,ArtificialNeuralNetworks,PHI,NewDelhi.

4.

Waserman:NeuralComputingTheoryandPractice.


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CESP516/2

ADAPTIVESIGNALPROCESSING

UNITI

AdaptiveSystems:Definitions,Characteristics,Applications,ExampleofanAdaptiveSystem.The

Adaptive Linear Combiner: Description, Weight Vectors, Desired Responses, Performance

Function,GradientandMeanSuareError.

UNITII

ApproachestotheDevelopment ofAdaptiveFilterTheory:IntroductiontoFiltering Smoothing

and PredictionLinear Optimum Filtering ,Problem Statement . Principle of Orthogonality ,

Minimum Mcan Squared Error, Winer Hopf Equations, Error Performance , Normal

Equation.

UNIT

III

Searching the Performance Surface Methods and Ideas of Gradient Search Methods,

Gradient Searching Algorithm and its Solution, Stability and Rate of Convergence, Learning

Curves,Gradient Search byNewtonsMethod,Method of SteepestDescent, Comparison of

LearningCurves.

LMSAlgorithmsOverview,LMSAdaptationAlgorithms,StabilityandPerformanceAnalysisof

LMSAlgorithms,LMSGradientandStochasticAlgorithms,ConvergenceofLMSAlgorithms.

UNITIV

Applications Noise Cancelling, Cancelling Echoes in Long Distance Telephone Circuits,

AdaptiveBeamForming.KalmanFilteringTheory Introduction,RecursiveMeanSquareEstimation forScalarRandom

Variables,StatementofKalmanFilteringProblem,InnovationProcess. EstimationofStateusing

theInnovationProcess,Filtering,InitialConditions,SummaryofKalmanFilters,Variantsofthe

KalmanFilteringtheExtendKalmanFiltering,IdentificationasaKalmanFilteringProblem.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. BernandWidrowAdvaptiveSignalProcessing,PH/PearsonEducation,Asia.

2. SimonHaykins AdaptivefilterTheory,PH

REFERENCES:

1. SophoclesJ.Orfamidis OptimumSignalProcessingAnIntroduction,2ndEdition,

McGrawHill

2. S.ThomasAlexanderAdaptiveSignalProcessingTheoryandApplications,Springer

Verlag


21/36

21

CESP516/3

MICROWAVEMEASUREMENTS

UNITI

Measurement of wavelength and frequency, Equivalent circuit of the cavity wave meters,typicalwavemeters,resonantcavities.

Methods of FrequencyMeasurements:Directmeasurement, Interpolationmethod, Additive

frequencymethod.

UNITII

Measurement of Impedance : Constructional details of slotted section and its limitations,

standingwavedetector,Techniques in standingwavedetectormeasurements,Measurement

of low & high VSWR., Location of voltage minims, Use of Smith chart in impedance

measurements,Errorsinstandingwavedetectorimpedancemeasurements,Reflectometers.

Measurement

of

Power : Methods of power measurement, Typical barrette elements,

thermistor, bolometer bridge circuits, Extending the range of Bolometer devices, Crystal

Detector,DielectricMeasurementforSolids.

UNITIII

Measurements onMicrowave circuits and components, T and P network,Measurement of

scattering coefficients, Graphical determination of scattering coefficients, Coupling and

Directivityofdirectionalcoupler.

UNIT

IV

MeasurementofAttenuation:InsertionofPowerratiomethod,substitutionmethod,scattering

coefficientmethod,ReturnLoss.

Antenna Measurements:Measurement of radiation patterns, Antenna gainmeasurements,

AntennaimpedanceMeasurements,PolarizationMeasurements.

TEXTBOOKS

1. E.L.Ginzton,MicrowaveMeasurements,McGrawHill

2. AnnapurnaDas&SisirKDas,MicrowaveEngineering,TMH,2000

3.

P.Rizzi,MicrowaveEngineeringPassiveCircuits,PrenticeHall,1987

4. D.M.Pozar,MicrowaveEngineering,JohnWiley,1998

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1. M.L.Sisodia&GSRaghuvanshi,BasicMicrowaveTechniquesandLaboratoryManual,

WileyEastern,1987

2. DennisRoddy,MicrowaveTechnology,PHI,1986


22/36


23/36

23

CESP521

REALTIMESIGNALPROCESSING

UnitI

Introduction: Introduction to realtime concepts, Signal Processing and DSP systems,

ComparisonbetweengeneralpurposeandDSPprocessors.

Architecture: TMS320C6x Architecture, Functional Units, Fetch and Execute, Packets,

Pipelining,Registers.

Addressingmodes:Direct, IndirectAddressingLinearandCircularAddressingModes,Circular

Addressing.

UnitII

Instruction Set of the C6x Processor : TMS320C6x Instruction Set, Assembly Code Format,

TypesofInstructions, AssemblerDirectives, Timers, Interrupts, InterruptControlRegisters,

Interrupt Acknowledgment , Multichannel Buffered Serial Ports , Direct Memory Access ,

Memory Considerations, Data Allocation, Data Alignment, Pragma Directives, Memory

Models.

Data representation DSP Processors :Data Types, FloatingPoint Format,QformatNumber

Representation FixedPointDSP,FiniteWordLengthEffectsonFixedPointDSPs,Overflowand

Scaling, Division, Code Improvement ,TripDirective forLoopCount,CrossPaths, Software

Pipelining, Constraints, MemoryConstraints, CrossPathConstraints, Load/StoreConstraints,

PipeliningEffectswithMoreThanOneEPwithinanFP.

Unit

III

FiniteImpulseResponseFilters: IntroductiontothezTransform,MappingfromsPlanetoz

Plane, Difference Equations, Discrete Signals, FIR Filters,FIR Lattice Structure,FIR

ImplementationUsingFourierSeries,WindowFunctions,HammingWindow,HanningWindow,

BlackmanWindow,KaiserWindow,ComputerAidedApproximation.

InfiniteImpulseResponseFilters:IIRFilterStructures, DirectFormIStructure178,DirectForm

IIStructure,5.2.3DirectFormIITranspose,CascadeStructure,ParallelFormStructure,Lattice

Structure, BilinearTransformation,BLTDesignProcedure,ProgrammingExamplesUsingCand

ASMCode.

UnitIV

Fast Fourier Transform: Development of the FFT Algorithm with Radix2, Decimationin

Frequency FFT Algorithm with Radix2, DecimationinTime FFT Algorithm with Radix2, Bit

ReversalforUnscrambling,DevelopmentoftheFFTAlgorithmwithRadix4,InverseFastFourier

Transform.


24/36

24

Adaptive Filters: Introduction, Adaptive Structures, Adaptive Linear Combiner, Performance

Function Searching for theMinimum, Programming Examples for Noise Cancellation and

SystemIdentification

Code Optimization: Introduction to optimization, Optimization Steps, Procedure for Code

Optimization, Software Pipelining for CodeOptimization, and Execution Cycles for Different

OptimizationSchemes.

Textbooks:

1. DigitalSignalProcessingandApplicationswiththeC6713andC6416DSK

RulphChassaing,AJOHNWILEY&SONS,INC.,PUBLICATION.

Referencebooks:

1.

RealTimeDigitalSignalProcessingBasedontheTMS320C6000byNasserKehtarnavaz.

2.

DigitalSignalProcessors:Architectures,Implementations,andApplications...ByKuo,woonsengsgen,Pearsoneducation.

3. Digitalsignalprocessorsarchitecture,programmingandapplications,byB.

Venkataramani,M.Bhaskar,TMHEdition.

4. DigitalsignalprocessingimplementationsusingDSPmicroprocessorswithexamples

fromTMS320C54xxbyAvtarSingh,SriniSrinivasan,Thomson/Brooks/Cole,2004


25/36

25

CESP522

MULTIRATESYSTEMSANDFILTERBANKS

UNITI

Fundamentals ofMultirate Systems: BasicMultirateOperations, Interconnection of BuildingBlocks, The Polyphase representation, Multistage Implementations, Some Applications of

MultirateSystems,SpecialFiltersandFilterBanks.

UNITII

MaximallyDecimatedFilterBanks:Errorscreated intheQMFBank,ASimpleAliasFreeQMF

System, Power Symmetric QMF Banks, MChannel Filter Banks, Polyphase representation,

Perfect Reconstruction Systems, Alias Free Filter Banks, Tree Structured Filter Banks,

TransMultiplexers.

UNITIII

Paraunitary Perfect Reconstruction (PR) Filter Banks: Lossless TransferMatrices, Filter Bank

Properties Induced by Paraunitariness, Two channel FIR Para unitaryQMF Banks, The Two

channelParaunitaryQMFLattice,TransformCodingandtheLOT.

UNITIV

CosineModulatedFilterBanks:ThePseudoQMFBank,DesignofPseudoQMFBank,Efficient

Polyphase Structures, Deeper Properties of Cosine Matrices, Cosine Modulated Perfect

ReconstructionSystems.

TEXTBOOK:

1. Multirate Systems and FilterBanks,P.P.Vaidyanathan,PearsonEducation, Low Priced

Edition,2006.

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1. Multirate Signal Processing for Communication Systems by F.J.Harris, Pearson

Education,LowPricedEdition.

2.

DigitalSignalProcessing,AcomputerBasedApproachbySanjitKMitra,TataMcGraw

HillPublishing.


26/36

26

CESP523

WIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONUNITI

Introduction:EvaluationofMobileRadioCommunication,MobileRadioSystemsaroundtheworld,

ExamplesofWirelessCommunicationSystems:Pagingsystems,CordlessTelephoneSystems,Cellular

TelephoneSystems.

ModernWirelessCommunicationSystems: Secondgenerationcellularnetworks,thirdgeneration

networks,Wireless Local Loop (WLL) LMDS,Wireless Local AreaNetworks (WLAN), Bluetooth&

PersonalAreaNetworks.

UNITII

The Cellular Concept System Design Fundamentals: Introduction, Frequency Reuse, Channel

AssignmentStrategies,HandoffStrategies,InterferenceandSystemCapacity,TrunkingandGradeof

Service,ImprovingCoverage&CapacityinCellularSystems.

Mobile Radio Propagation: LargeScale Path Loss: Introduction, Free Space PropagationModel,

Relating Power to Electric Field, The Three Basic PropagationMechanisms, Reflection, GroundReflection, Diffraction Scattering, Practical Link Budget Design Using Path LossModels, Outdoor

PropagationModels(Longley RiceModel& DurkinsModel_ A Case Study), Indoor Propagation

Model(PartitionLosses(SameModel)&PartitionLossesbetweenFloors),SignalPenetration into

Buildings,RayTracingandSiteSpecificModeling.

UNIT III

Mobile Radio Propagation: SmallScale Fading andMultipath : SmallScaleMultipath Propagation,

ImpulseResponseModelofaMultipathChannel,SmallScaleMultipathMeasurements,Parametersof

MobileMultipathChannels,TypesofSmallScaleFading,RayleighandRiceanDistributions,Statistical

Models forMultipath Fading Channels, Theory ofMultipath Shape Factors for SmallScale Fading

WirelessChannels,ExamplesofFadingBehavior,SecondOrderStatisticsUsingShapeFactors,Applying

ShapeFactorstoWidebandChannels,RevisitingClassicalChannelModelswithShapeFactors.

UNITIV

Review of the Modulation Techniques for mobile radio, Review of the Multiple Access

techniquesforWirelessCommunication,Wirelessdatanetworking,WirelessDataServices,AMPS,

GlobalSystemforMobile(GSM).

TextBooks:

1.TSRappaport,wirelesscommunications:principlesandpractice,Pearsoneducation2nd

edition.2. JGProakis,DigitalCommunication,McGrawHill,1995.

3.GEStuber,PrinciplesofMobileCommunications,KIuweracademic1996.


27/36

27

CESP524/1

EMBEDDEDSYSTEMSUNITI

Introduction:

Introduction to Embedded System, Role of processor selection in Embedded Systems,Embedded System project management, design cycle in the development phase for an

Embedded System, using of target system or its Emulator and inCircuit emulator, use of

softwaretoolsfordevelopmentofanEmbeddedSystems.

UNITII

RTOSanditsoverview:

RealTimeOperatingSystems:TaskandTaskStates,TasksandData,MessageQueues,Timers

and Timer Functions, Events Memory Management , Interrupt Routines in an RTOS

environment,BasicDesignUsingRTOS.

UNITIII

Embeddedsystemdevelopment:

Interfacingofexternalmemory,interfacingofanaloganddigitalblocks,interfacingofdifferent

peripheraldevices LEDs, LCDs,Graphical LCD,Switches,Relay,Steppermotor,ADC,DAC,and

various sensors, introduction to assembler, compiler, cross compilers, and Integrated

DevelopmentEnvironment.

UNITIV

Networks

for

Embedded

Systems:

TheI2CBus,TheCANbus,SHARKlinkports,Ethernet,IntroductiontoBluetooth:specification,

Coreprotocol.IEEE1149.1(JTAG)Testability

TEXTBOOKS:

1. TheartofprogrammingEmbeddedsystems,JackG.Ganssle,academicpress.

2. IntelligentEmbeddedsystems,LouisL.Odette,AdisonWesly,1991.

3. J.StarustrupandW.WolfHardwaresoftwareCoDesignprinciplesandpractice.KJluwer,

AcademicPublications.

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1.

DesignwithPICmicrocontrollerbujohnB.Pitman,pearsonedition.

2. DesigningEmbeddedSystemsHardware:JohnCatsoulis,ShroffPublications,Distributors

NewDelhi.

3. MicrocentersArchitectureProgramming,Interfacingandsystemdesignby RajKamal,

Pearsonedition.

4. ProgrammingEmbeddedsystemsinCandC++,MicheelBarr,ShroffPublications,

DistributorsNewDelhi.


28/36

28

CESP524/2

PATTERNRECOGNITION

UNITI

Importance of pattern recognition, Features, Feature Vectors and Classifiers, Supervised,UnsupervisedandSemiSupervisedLearning.

ClassifiersbasedonBayesDecisionTheory:Bayesdecisiontheory,DiscriminantFunctionsand

decision surfaces, Bayesian classification for Normal Distributions, Estimation of Unknown

probabilitydensityfunctions,TheNearestNeighborRule.

UNITII

Linear Classifiers Linear Discriminant functions and Decision Hyperplanes, The perceptron

Algorithm,LeastSquaresMethod.

SupportVectorMachine:Separableclasses,Nonseparableclasses,Themulticlasscase,vSVM,

SupportVectorMachinesAgeometricViewPoint

UNIT III

NonLinearClassifiers:TheXORproblem,The two layerperceptron,Three layerperceptrons,

The Backpropagation Algorithm, The cost function choice, choice of the network size, A

simulation example,Networkswithweight sharing, generalized linear classifiers, polynomial

classifiers,RadialbasisFunctionNetworks

UNITIV

Feature Selection: Pre processing, The peaking phenomenon, Feature selection based on

statisticalhypothesistesting,ROCcurve,classseparabilitymeasures,featuresubsetselection,

Feature Generation: Basis Vectors and Images, The KL Transform, The Singular Value

Decomposition,IndependentComponentAnalysis,NonnegativeMatrixFactorization,Regional

features,Featuresforshapeandsizecharacterization.

TextBook:

1. PatternRecognition(4edition)bySergiosTheodoridis,KonstantinosKoutroumbas,

AcademicPress,2009.

ReferenceBooks:

1. PatternClassification(2edition)RichardDuda,PeterEHart,DavidGStork,JohnWiley

&Sons,2001.

2. PatternRecognitionandMachineLearning,ChristopherM.Bishop,SpringerPublications

2006.


29/36

29

CESP524/3

RANDOMPROCESSING&INFORMATIONTHEORY

UNITI

RANDOM

VARIABLES:

Definition

of

Random

Variable,

Probability

of

Distribution

Function,

Probability Density Function(PDF), Conditional and Joint Distribution and Densities, Functions of

RandomVariables,DeterminingthePDFofY=g(X),ExpectedvalueofaRandomVariable,Conditional

Expectations, Moments, Joint Moment, Properties of Uncorrelated Random Variables, Jointly

GaussianRandomVariables.

UNITII

RANDOM PROCESSES: Introduction,Mathematical definition of a Random Process, Stationary

Processes, Mean, Correlation, and Covariance Functions, Ergodic Processes, Transmission of a

RandomProcess through a LinearTimeinvariantFilter,PowerSpectralDensity,GaussianProcess,

Noise,NarrowbandNoise,RepresentationofNarrowbandNoiseintermsofInphaseandQuadrature

Components,RepresentationofaNarrowbandNoiseintermsofEnvelopeandPhaseComponents.

UNITIII

ADVANCEDTOPICSINRANDOMPROCESSES:Meansquare(m.s.)calculus,StochasticContinuity

and Derivatives, Further results on m.s. Convergence, m.s. Stochastic Integrals, m.s. Stochastic

Differential Equations, KarhunenLoeve Expansion, Representation of Band limited and Periodic

Processes,Bandlimitedprocesses,BandpassRandomProcesses.

UNITIV

APPLICATION TO STATISTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING: Estimation of random variables,

innovation sequences and Kalman filtering, wiener filters for random sequences, hidden

markovmodels.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. Probabilityandrandomprocesseshenrystarkjohnw.woods,3" pea

2.

Communication

systems

simon

haykin,

4th

ed

3. Probabilityandrandomvariablespebbels

4. Probability,randomvariablesandstocasticprocesses

papoolis


30/36

30

CESP525/1

SATELLITECOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMS

UNITI

INTRODUCTIONANDORBITALASPECTSOFSATELLITECOMMUNICATIONS:AbriefhistoryofSatelliteCommunications,TypesofOrbits,OrbitalMechanics:DevelopingtheEquation

oftheorbit,Keplers lawsofplanetarymotion, locatingthesatellite intheorbit, locating

theSatellitewithrespecttotheEarth,Orbitalelements,Lookangledetermination,Orbital

perturbations, launch and launch vehicles, Orbital effects in Communication System

performance.

UNITII

SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS: Introduction, Attitude and Orbit Control System (AOCS),

Telemetry,Tracking,CommandandMonitoring(TTC&M),PowerSystems,Communication

Subsystems,SatelliteAntennas

MULTIPLEACCESS TECHNIQUES: Introduction, FDMA, TDMA,DAMA and CDMA Satellite

SystemsEncoder,Decoder,ComparisonbetweenFDMA,TDMA&CDMA.

UNITIII

SATELLITE LINKDESIGN:Basic transmission theory,SystemNoiseTemperature andG /T

ratio,DesignofUplinkandDown linkmodels,DesignofSatellite links forspecifiedC/N

ratio.

EARTHSTATIONTECHNOLOGY:EarthStationDesign,Designoflargeantennas,Smallearth

station Antennas, Propagation Effects on Satellite: Quantifying Attenuation and

Depolarization,RainandIceEffects,PredictionofRainAttenuation.

UNITIV

SATELLITEPACKETCOMMUNICATIONS:Message transmissionbyFDMA:TheM/G/1Queue,

MessagetransmissionbyTDMA PureALOHA:Satellitepacketswitching slottedALOHAPacket

ReservationTreealgorithm.

VSAT SYSTEMS : Introduction,overviewofVSAT Systems,NetworkArchitectures,One

way Implementation, Split TwoWay (Split IP) Implementation, TwoWay

Implementation, Access Control Protocols, Delay Considerations, Basic Techniques:

MultipleAccessSelection,SignalFormats,Modulation,Coding,andInterferenceIssues.

TEXTBOOKS:

1.

TPrattandWBostiain,SatelliteCommunications,2ndEdition,JohnWiley,

2. TriT.HaDigitalSatellitecommunications,2ndEdition,McGrawHill

3. TaubandSchilling,PrinciplesofCommunicationSystems,TMH,2003.

4. SimonHaykin,CommunicationSystems,4thEdition,JohnWiley&Sons,2004.

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1.DCAgarwal,SatelliteCommunications,KhannaPublishers,2003

2.RobertMGagliardi,SatelliteCommunications.


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31

CESP525/2

GLOBALPOSITIONINGSYSTEMS

UNITI

OverviewofGPS:Basicconcept,systemarchitecture,spacesegment,usersegment,GPSaided

Geoaugmentednavigation(GAGAN)architecture.

UNITII

GPSSignals,Signalstructure,antispoofing(AS),selectiveavailability,DifferencebetweenGPS

andGALILEOsatelliteconstruction.

UNIT

III

GPScoordinateframes,Timereferences:GeodeticandGeocentriccoordinatesystems,ECEF

Coordinateworldgeodetic1984(WGS84),GPStime.

UNITIV

GPSorbitsandsatellitepositiondetermination:GPSorbitalparameters,descriptionofreceiver

independentexchangeformat(RINEX)Observationdataandnavigationmessagedata

parameters,GPSpositiondetermination.GPSErrors:

GPSerrorsourcesclockerror,ionosphericerror,troposphericerror,multipath,ionospheric

errorestimationusingdualfrequencyGPSreceiver.

TEXTBOOKS:

1.B.HoffmanWellenhof,H.LiehteneggerandJ.Collins,GPSTheoryandPractice,

SpringerWien,NewYork(2001).

REFERENCEBOOKS

:

1.JamesBaYenTsui,FundamentalsofGPSreceiversAsoftwareapproach,JohnWiley&

Sons(2001).


32/36

32

CESP525/3

TELECOMMUNICATIONSWITCHINGSYSTEMSUNITI

TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS: Evolution of Telecommunications Simple

Telephone Communication Basics of Switching System Electronic Space Division SwitchingStored Program Control Centralized SPC Distributed SPC Software Architecture Two Stage

Networks ThreeStageNetworksNStageNetworks TimeDivisionSwitchingBasicTimeDivision

Time Switching Combination Switching Three Stage Combination Switching N Stage

CombinationSwitching

UNITII

TELEPHONE NETWORKS: Subscriber Loop Systems Switching Hierarchy and Routing

Transmission Plan Signaling Techniques Inchannel Signaling Common Channel Signaling

NetworkTrafficLoadandParametersGradeOfServiceandBlockingProbability

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF DATA COMMUNICATIONS: Data Communications Codes Bar

Codes Character Synchronization Data Communications Hardware Data CommunicationsCircuitsLineControlUnitSerialInterfaces

UNITIII

DATALINK PROTOCOLS AND DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS: IntroductionData Link

Protocol FunctionsCharacter andBit OrientedData Link ProtocolsAsynchronousDataLink

ProtocolsSynchronousDataLinkProtocolsSynchronousDataLinkControlHighLevelDataLink

ControlPublicSwitchedDataNetworksAsynchronousTransferMode

DIGITAL TCARRIERS AND MULTIPLEXING:TimeDivisionMultiplexingT1DigitalCarrierNorth

AmericanDigitalHierarchyDigitalCarrierLineCodingTCarrierSystemsEuropeanDigitalCarrier

System Digital Carrier Frame Synchronization Bit VersusWord Interleaving Statistical Time

Division Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing FDM Hierarchy Composite BasebandSignalFormationofaMasterGroup

UNITIV

ISDN:WhatIsISDN? ISDNComponentsISDNChannelTypesBasicandPrimaryRateInterfaces

ISDNProtocolsISDNFeaturesServicesandApplicationsOtherISDNInitiatives

DIALUPANDHOMENETWORKING:WhatIsDialupNetworking?AnalogModemConceptsDSL

ServiceCableModemsHomeNetworkingConceptsandIssues

NETWORK CONVERGENCE: What Is Network Convergence? Networking Issues and

ConvergenceEffectsofNetworkConvergenceonBusinessConvergenceAtHome

TEXTBOOKS:

1.

TViswanathan,TelecommunicationSwitchingSystemsandNetworks,PHI,2004

2.WayneTomasi,AdvancedElectronicCommunicationsSystems,Pearson,6thEdition,2004

3.MachaelA.GalloandWilliamM.Hancock,ComputerCommunicationsandNetworking

Tecnologies,CengageLearning,1stEdition,2002

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1.JEFlood,TelecommunicationsSwitching,TrafficandNetworks,Person,1999

2.RayHorak,CommunicationSystemsandNetworks,3rdEdition,Wiley,2002


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33

UNITI

Classical and fuzzy sets: Classical sets operations, properties of classical sets,mapping of

classical sets to the functions. Fuzzy setsmembership, uncertainty, fuzzy set operations,

properties of fuzzy sets. Classical and fuzzy relations: Cartesian product, crisp relations

cardinality,operationsandpropertiesofcrisp relations,Fuzzy relationscardinalityoperations

and properties of fuzzy relations. Non interacting fuzzy sets, Tolerance and equivalence

relations.

UNITII

Membership functions: Futures of membership functions, fuzzification, membership value

assignmentsintuition, ranking ordering, angular fuzzy sets, neural nets, genetic algorithms,

inductive reasoning, Fuzzytocrisp conversions: Lambdacuts for fuzzy sets, lambdacuts for

fuzzyrelations,defuzzificationmethods.Fuzzyarithmetic,numbersandvectorsandextension

principle: fuzzymembers,approximatemethodsofextensionvertexmethod,DSWalgorithm,restrictedDSWalgorithm,fuzzyvectors.

UNITIII

Classicallogicandfuzzylogic:Classicalpredicatelogictautologies,contradictions,equivalence,

exclusiveor andexclusivenor, logicalproofs,deductive inferences.Fuzzy logic,approximate

reasoning,Fuzzytautologies,contradictions,equivalenceandlogicalproofs,otherformsofthe

implication operation, other forms of the composite operation. Fuzzy rulebased systems:

Naturallanguage,linguisticHedges,rulebasedsystemscanonicalruleforms,decompositionof

compound rules, likelihood and truth qualification, aggregation of Fuzzy rules, Graphical

techniquesinference.

UNITIV

Fuzzy decisionmaking:Fuzzysyntheticevaluation, fuzzyordering,preferenceandconsensus,

Multiobjectivedecisionmaking,FuzzyBayesianDecisionmethod,DecisionmakingunderFuzzy

states and fuzzy actions. Fuzzy classification: Classification by Equivalence Relationscrisp

relations, Fuzzy relations,Clustervalidity,CMeans clusteringHardCMeans (HCM). FuzzyC

Means (FCM), classificationMetric,Hardening the FuzzyCpartition, similarity relations from

clustering.

TEXTBOOKS:

1.TimothyJ.Ross,Fuzzylogicwithengineeringapplications,McGrawHill,1997

2.KlirandYwan,FizzysetsandFuzzylogic,PrenticeHallofIndia

3.S.Rajasekharan&Y.A.VijayalakshmiPai,NeuralNetworks,FuzzylogicandGeneticAlgorithms,PrenticeHallofIndia

REFERENCEBOOK

1.Fuzzy NeuralControl:Principles,AlgorithmsandapplicationsbyNieandLinkens, PHI.

CESP526/1

FUZZYTECHNIQUES


34/36

34

CESP526/2

OPTIMIZATIONTECHNIQUES

UNITI

Classical

Optimization

Techniques

Single

variable

optimization

Multivariable

optimization

with

no constraints Hessianmatrix Multivariable saddle point Optimisation with equality

constraints Lagrange multiplier method Multivariableoptimization with inequality

constraintsKuhnTuckerconditions.

UNITII

One dimensional unconstrained minimization.Elimination methods unrestricted search

method Fibonacci method Interpolation methods Quadratic interpolation and cubic

interpolationmethods.Unconstrainedminimization.Gradientofa functionsteepestdescent

methodNewtonsmethodPowellsmethodHookeandJeevesmethod.

UNITIII

IntegerLinearprogrammingproblemGomoryscuttingplanemethodGomorysmethodfor

allintegerprogrammingproblems,mixedintegerprogrammingproblems.Networktechniques.

Shortest path model Dijkstras algorithm Floyds algorithm minimum spanning tree

problemPRIMalgorithmMaximalflowproblemalgorithm.

UNITIV

Genetic Algorithms, Basic Concepts, Working Principle, Encoding, Fitness Function,

Reproduction.

TEXTBOOKS:

1.

OptimizationtheoryandapplicationS.S.Rao,NewAgeInternationalPLtd.

2. Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms Synthesis and Applications by

S.Rajasekaran,G.A.VijayalakshmiPai,PrenticeHallofIndiaPublishing,2007.

REFERENCEBOOKS:

1.OptimisationconceptsandapplicationsinEngineeringA.D.Belegundu,T.R.Chandrupatla,PearsonEducationAsia.


35/36

35

CESP526/3ORTHOGONALFREQUENCYDIVISIONMULTIPLEXING

UNITI

OFDMTRANSMISSIONOVERWIDEBANDCHANNELS

Evolution and Applications of OFDM Choice of OFDMModulation Performance over

AWGNchannels Clippingamplification AIDconversion Phasenoise Widebandchannel

models Effectsoftimedispersivechannels ChanneltransferfunctionestimationSystem

performanceandintersubcarriercancellation.

UNITII

TIMEANDFREQUENCYDOMAINSYNCRONIZATION

Performancewith Frequency and Timing errors Synchronization algorithms omparison of

frequency acquisition algorithms BERperformancewith frequency synchronization OFDM

synchronizationperformance.

UNITIII

ADAPTIVESINGLE ANDMULTUSEROFDM

Adaptivemodulation Adaptive OFDM speech system Preequalization Comparison of

adaptivetechniques PowerandSitallocationalgorithms MultiuserAOFDM Blockcoded

AOFDM.AdaptivemodulationschemesforOFDM.PMEPRanalysisofOFDMsystems

UNITIV

OPTICALOFDM

Basicconfiguration Spectra!Efficiency TransmissionoverSMFandMivlF M/Dsystem

WirelessoverOptical...100ps/div.OpticalcomponentsDiv.. PAPRreductiontechniques

PowerefficientOpticalOFDM Dispersioncompensation.

TEXTBOOKS

1.LajosHanzo,M.yunster,B.J.Cho!andT.Keller,OFDMandMC COMAforBroadbandMulti

userCommunications WLANsandBroadcasting,JohnWileyandsons,IEEEpress,2003.

2.RamjeePrasad,OFDMforwirelessCommunicationSystems,ArtechHousePublishers,2004.


36/36

CESP561SIGNALPROCESSINGLABS

S.No. ListofExperiments

1.

ProgramtoperformEdgedetectionusingseveraloperators.

2. ProgramtoperformImagecompressionusingJPEGstandard.

3.

Programtoimplementvariousspatialandfrequencydomainfiltersforimages.

4. Programtoimplementenhancementtechniquesforcolorimages.

5.

ProgramtoperformPointdetection&Linedetection.

6. Programtoseparatetheframesinavideoandprocessthem.

7.

ImplementationofDigitalDataScrambler.

8. ImplementationofDigitalDataDescrambler.

9.

ImplementationofConvolutionalEncoder.

10. ImplementationofViterbidecoder.

11. ImplementationofAdaptiveFilter.

12.

Programto

perform

Linear

convolution

using

DSP

Processor.

13.

ProgramtoperformCircularconvolutionusingDSPProcessor.

14.

ProgramtoperformFFToperationusingDSPProcessor.

15.

ProgramtoperformDFToperationusingDSPProcessor.

Note:Aminimumof10(ten)experimentshavetobeperformedandrecordedbythecandidate

toattaineligibilityfortheuniversitypracticalexamination.