1
Modeling and Analysis of State-of-the-art VM-based Cloud Management Platforms
Saif U. K. Malik, Samee U. Khan, Senior Member, IEEE, Surdarshan K. Srinivansan, Member, IEEE
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CLOUD COMPUTING (2013)
報告者: 計財 15 100071018 韋自鴻 計財 15 100071020 楊佑濬
2
Introduction
3
What is Cloud Computing?
4
Cloud Computing structureApplication
Social Computing, Enterprise, ISV,…
Programming languageWeb 2.0 介面 , Mashups, Workflows, …
ControlQos Neqotiation, Ddmission Control, Pricing, SLA Management, Metering…
VirtualizationVM, VM management and Deployment
User Level
User-Level Middleware
Core Middleware
System Level
5
現有的雲端運算服務Windows GoogleAmazon Yahoo ......
6
Type of Cloud Computing Industry
7
Features of cloud computing
Large scale
Virtualization
High reliability
High versatility High Scalabilitypay-as-you-go
Low Cost
8
Cloud Computing IndustryInfrastructure as a Service Delivers computer infrastructure such
as virtualization, storage, and networking that offers incremental scalability.
infrastructure stack: Full OS access Firewalls Routers Load balancing
IaaS
9
Cloud Computing IndustryExamples Flexiscale AWS: EC2 (Amazon Elastic Compute
Cloud)
IaaS
10
Cloud Computing IndustryPlatform as a Service
Provide a platform for system administrators and developers to build, test and deploy custom applications
Expensive cost management system Popular services Storage Database Scalability
IaaS
PaaS
11
Cloud Computing IndustryExamples Google App Engine AWS: S3 (Simple Storage Service) Microsoft Azure
IaaS
PaaS
12
Cloud Computing IndustrySoftware as a Service
Do not manage hardware and software
Simple operation (browser) Pay per use Instant Scalability Security Reliability
IaaS
PaaS
SaaS
13
Cloud Computing IndustryExamples Google Docs CRM Financial Planning Human Resources Word processing Salesforce.comIaaS
PaaS
SaaS
14
Comparison table ServiceProperty
AmazonEC2
GoogleApp Engine
MicrosoftAzure
YahooHadoop
架構 Iaas/Paas Paas Paas Software
服務型態 Compute/Storage
Web application
Web and non-web
Software
管理技術 OS on Xen hypervisor
Application container
OS through Fabric
controller
Map / Reduce Architecture
使用者介面 EC2 Command-line
tools
Web-based Administration
console
Windows Azure portal
Command line and web
APIs yes yes yes yes
收費 yes maybe yes no
程式語言 AMI (Amazon Machine Image)
Python .NET framework
Java,
15
Open Source IaaS the most widely used open source hypervisors in the
recent IaaS providers: (a) Xen (b) KVM three open source state-of-the-art VM-based cloud
management platforms : (a) Eucalyptus (b) Open Nebula (c) Nimbus
16
Eucalyptus The less level of customization that makes it
appropriate for a private company, where one needs a cloud for own use and wants to avoid mistakes from the users.
The best feature is compatible with Amazon EC2.
17
Open Nebula the highest level of customizability that allow users
to switch almost every component from the underlying Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) to the frontend.
Open Nebula is suitable in an experimental environment, where one wants to explore every component and crack new results from the computational perspective.
18
Nimbus Nimbus also provides a high level of customization.
However, the major portion of customization in Nimbus is available to the administrator.
Nimbus is more suitable for an environment, where one is less interested in technical details of the systems, but requires a broad level of customization, such as cooperative scientific communities.
19
Modeling and Analysis of the systems
In this study, we made an effort to diminish the level of abstraction through detailed modeling and formal analysis of the platforms being discussed.
We have used High Level Petri Nets (HLPN) and Z language for the modeling and analysis of the systems.
20
High Level Petri Nets (HLPN)
HLPN is used to: (a) simulate the systems and (b) provide mathematical representation, to analyze the behavior and structural properties of the system.
The model of the systems will help analyze: (1) the interconnection of the components and
processes . (2) the fine-grain details of the flow of information
amongst the processes. (3) how the information is processed.
21
Z3 solver First, we performed the automated verification of the
models by Checking technique using Satisfiability Modulo Theories Library (SMTLib) and Z3 solver.
Then, Z3 solver is used to check either the model satisfies the properties or not.
Second, to verify the feasibility of the models as the number of VMs scales and verify the correctness.
The results generated reveals that the models are working correctly.
22
Modeling and Analysis of VM-based Cloud Management Platforms
23
Eucalyptus Architecture
24
HLPN of Eucalyptus
25
Conclusion for Eucalyptus Supports corporate enterprise computing setting The administration space is separated from the user
space. Easy to deploy on top of the existing resource. Suitable for experimentation because of having
modular design open source in nature.
Users are only allowed to use the system through web interface
26
Open Nebula Architecture
27
HLPN of Open Nebula
28
Conclusion for Open Nebula The level of customization available of Open Nebula
is suitable for researchers who wish to combine cloud system with other technologies.
The centralized nature makes administration easier Higher level of customization makes it ideal for
research
Users need to have some technical expertise Users can make a mistake while providing config for
a VM
29
Nimbus Architecture
30
HLPN of Nimbus
31
Conclusion for Nimbus Provides different resources leases to different users
as a mean of scheduling The flexibility and customization available to
perform experiment Workspace tools can operate with Xen hypervisor
and as well as KVM.
32
Verification of Models Using SMT-Lib and Z3 Solver
33
Kripke structure and Computational Tree
34
35
36
37
38
39
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK
40
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK
In future, we will analyze, model, and verify some other cloud management platforms, such as OpenStack, oVirt, and ECP.
Moreover, we will also perform a detailed feasibility analysis of the aforesaid platforms under different SLA constraints.