Maryland DNRMaryland DNRForest ServiceForest Service
Managing Maryland’s Managing Maryland’s Forests for the FutureForests for the Future
Steven W. Koehn, Steven W. Koehn, Director / State ForesterDirector / State Forester
Gov. Comm. On Sustainable ForestryGov. Comm. On Sustainable ForestryUSFWS, AnnapolisUSFWS, Annapolis
July, 2005July, 2005
As We Approach the As We Approach the Centennial…Centennial…
• Founded in 1906Founded in 1906• Land Gifted by Land Gifted by
Garrett BrothersGarrett Brothers• Gifted Land Must be Gifted Land Must be
Scientifically Scientifically ManagedManaged
• Pinchot selected Fred Pinchot selected Fred Besley to be First MD Besley to be First MD State ForesterState Forester
• Besley Hired Forest Besley Hired Forest Wardens and Wardens and Inventoried State’s Inventoried State’s Forest ResourcesForest Resources
Existing State Policy on Forestry
““It is the policy of the It is the policy of the state to encourage state to encourage economic management economic management and scientific and scientific development of its development of its forests and woodlands forests and woodlands to maintain, conserve, to maintain, conserve, and improve the soil and improve the soil resources of the state resources of the state so that an adequate so that an adequate source of forest source of forest products is preserved products is preserved for the people.” for the people.” [Section 5-602 of the [Section 5-602 of the Natural Resources Natural Resources Article, Annotated Code Article, Annotated Code of Maryland]of Maryland]
To restore, manage, and protect Maryland’s trees, forests, and
forested ecosystems to sustain our natural resources and
connect people to the land.
Our Mission:
Maryland TodayMaryland Today
• Approximately 2.1 Million Acres of Forestland
• 40% Forested• Over 130,000 Forest
Landowners• Average Woodlot is
17 Acres
Percent Forest Land, by CountyPercent Forest Land, by County
> 70 %
< 30
51-70 %
30-50 %
Percent Forested
7178 37
3027
22 35
37
3324
28
5567
4739
48
5242
State Average = 40%
Change in Distribution of Land Change in Distribution of Land ClassClass
• Steady loss of rural forests
• Increase in other forests
• Increase in urban forests
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Tho
usan
ds o
f Ac
res
Rural Urban OtherForest
Crop Pasture OtherNonforest
197619861999
Area of Timberland Forest-type Area of Timberland Forest-type GroupGroup
• Oak/hickory largest group at 58+ percent
• Loblolly pine at 12 percent
Loblolly/Shortleaf
Elm/Ash/Red Maple
Northern Hardwoods
11.9%
Oak/Pine9.7%
Oak/Hickory58.5%
Oak/Gum/Cypress5.3%
4.6%
8.8%
Other1.3%
Area of Timberland by Forest-Type Group
Distribution of Timberland Area, Distribution of Timberland Area, by Ownershipby Ownership
• 79% of timberland in private ownership
• In 1986, 90 % was privately ownedPublic
20%
Industry1%Farmer
10%Corporate
18%
Individual51%
Number of Forest LandownersNumber of Forest Landowners
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1955 1976 1986 1998
Thou
sand
s of
LO
wne
rs
• From 1976 to 1998, a From 1976 to 1998, a 29% increase in the 29% increase in the number of ownersnumber of owners
• Increased Increased fragmentationfragmentation
• Fewer workable Fewer workable parcelsparcels
• Increased Increased parcelizationparcelization
• Fewer Fewer workable workable parcelsparcels
-30-25-20-15-10
-505
Acr
es/o
wne
r
Del
awar
e
New
Jer
sey
New
Yor
k
Nor
thC
arol
ina
Pen
nsyl
vani
a
Vir
gini
a
Mar
ylan
d
Change in acres of forest land per owner between
1978-94
The Economic Importance of the Maryland Forest Products Industry
• Maryland’s Forest Industry was over $2 billion in 1996.
• Provides nearly 14,000 jobs.
• Secondary wood manufacturing provides the most employment opportunities.
• Primary wood-manufacturing sectors have higher employment multipliers.
• Primary wood-manufacturing sectors are, on average, higher than other average multipliers of industries in the state.
Forest Service Workforce
• 92 full time equivalent 92 full time equivalent employees (includes employees (includes 11 recent transfers for 11 recent transfers for SF)SF)
• Six long term Six long term contractual contractual employeesemployees
• Three vacanciesThree vacancies• Total number of Total number of
positions: 101positions: 101
• FY02 – FY06 FY02 – FY06 • 40 FTE’s lost 40 FTE’s lost • (-31.37%)(-31.37%)
Forestry Service Workforce
127.5108.5 100.5 99 87.5
-40-50
0
50
100
150
FY 2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY 2005 FY 2006
Fiscal Year
Nu
mb
er
5 44
10
2428
4
3
13
Director /Associate DirectorsProgram Managers
Regional Foresters
Admin / Clerical
Field Foresters
Rangers
Regional Fire Mgr
Watershed Mgmt.SpecialistOther Specialist
Forest Service Workforce
Forest Product
Utilization & Marketing
DRider
12.7 129.9 9.6 9.3 8.7
02468
101214
In M
illi
ons
of
Dol
lars
FY01 FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06
Fiscal years
Budget for FY 2001-2006
FY06 Budget Cuts
• 9 Positions (5 vacant/4 filled)
• 5% Overall; 12% GF
• Total = $475,723
(salaries/operating)
Private Land Forest Stewardship
Provides technical/financial Provides technical/financial assistance to 130,000 assistance to 130,000 private forestland private forestland owners covering 76% of owners covering 76% of MD’s forest resource. MD’s forest resource.
Services include Forest Services include Forest Stewardship Plans, cost-Stewardship Plans, cost-share incentive share incentive programs, reforestation, programs, reforestation, riparian buffer riparian buffer establishment, forest establishment, forest harvest BMPs; harvest BMPs;
Seed Tree Law, Critical Seed Tree Law, Critical Area Law, and Strip Mine Area Law, and Strip Mine Site Reclamation.Site Reclamation.
State Nursery/ Seed Orchard Operations
Produces 5 million bare-root tree seedlings annually for conservation, reforestation and Bay restoration purposes.
State-of-the-art facility services over 2,000 orders annually from Forest Products Industry, local jurisdictions, conservation organizations, and private landowners.
Wildfire Operations
Responsible for the Responsible for the suppression of approx. suppression of approx. 625 wildfires annually 625 wildfires annually (avg. 3,000 acres burned). (avg. 3,000 acres burned).
Maintains only fleet of Maintains only fleet of specialized fire specialized fire suppression dozers in the suppression dozers in the state, 40 fire suppression state, 40 fire suppression patrol trucks. patrol trucks.
Includes interagency Includes interagency agreements with agreements with federal/state agencies to federal/state agencies to provide emergency provide emergency resources for resources for national/multi-state national/multi-state emergency incidents.emergency incidents.
Wildfire Prevention & Preparedness
Includes wildfire training, fire apparatus/equipment build-up, pre-suppression planning/ risk analysis, fire prevention, promotion of “Firewise” concepts;
Prescribed fire/hazard mitigation, fire weather monitoring;
Technical/financial assistance to VFDs via federal grants, training for volunteers, management of the Federal Excess Property Program.
Community Tree & Forest Protection
Protects the urban forest Protects the urban forest through the Roadside Tree through the Roadside Tree Law, the Forest Law, the Forest Conservation Act, the Conservation Act, the Reforestation Law; Reforestation Law;
Containment/mitigation Containment/mitigation strategies for potentially strategies for potentially catastrophic pests such as catastrophic pests such as Emerald Ash Borer and Emerald Ash Borer and Sudden Oak Death, and;Sudden Oak Death, and;
Ensures compatibility of Ensures compatibility of green infrastructure to green infrastructure to minimize tree related minimize tree related conflicts with electric conflicts with electric reliability.reliability.
Urban Resource EnhancementUrban Resource Enhancement
Provides Provides financial/technical financial/technical assistance through assistance through Small Community Grant Small Community Grant Program, TREE-Program, TREE-MENDOUS Maryland, MENDOUS Maryland, federal federal initiatives/grants, initiatives/grants, national community national community recognition programs recognition programs (TreeCity USA);(TreeCity USA);
Assistance/specialized Assistance/specialized training to local training to local governments, hazard governments, hazard tree ID/mitigation, and tree ID/mitigation, and regulates commercial regulates commercial tree care (Tree Experts).tree care (Tree Experts).
Public Lands ManagementPublic Lands Management
Management and dual Management and dual third-party certification third-party certification (FSC and SFI) of (FSC and SFI) of Chesapeake Forest Chesapeake Forest (soon to include all (soon to include all DNR State Forests); DNR State Forests);
Continuous Forest Continuous Forest Inventory (CFI);Inventory (CFI);
Timber sale Timber sale review/admin.;review/admin.;
Management of various Management of various recreational activities recreational activities on both Chesapeake on both Chesapeake Forest, State Forest, State Demonstration Forests Demonstration Forests (soon all State (soon all State Forests).Forests).
Forest Resource Planning & Forest Resource Planning & AnalysisAnalysis
Development of Development of integrated modeling integrated modeling and spatial analysis and spatial analysis products to assist products to assist with forest ecosystem with forest ecosystem decision making;decision making;
Geographic data Geographic data collection/analysis/tracollection/analysis/tracking for use in forest cking for use in forest management/monitorimanagement/monitoring/ ng/ certification/wildfire certification/wildfire risk applications, risk applications, technology support technology support for GIS applications;for GIS applications;
Liaison to USDA Forest Liaison to USDA Forest Service and national Service and national forestry workgroups.forestry workgroups.
Forest Products Forest Products Utilization & MarketingUtilization & Marketing
Provides technical Provides technical assistance/liaison to assistance/liaison to forest industry and forest industry and local government with local government with forestry related policy forestry related policy issues;issues;
Develops strategies to Develops strategies to achieve higher achieve higher utilization of forest utilization of forest resources;resources;
Improves environmental Improves environmental quality protection for quality protection for industry activities, industry activities, and;and;
Provides required Provides required professional education professional education for those who work in for those who work in the forestry sector.the forestry sector.
Our Boards, Commissions Our Boards, Commissions and Committeesand Committees
Forestry Boards (24)Forestry Boards (24) Forest Advisory CommissionForest Advisory Commission Gov. Commission on Sustainable Gov. Commission on Sustainable
ForestryForestry State Stewardship Coordinating State Stewardship Coordinating
CommitteeCommittee Chesapeake Forest Citizens Chesapeake Forest Citizens
Advisory CommitteeAdvisory Committee
Our Stakeholders Our Stakeholders (customers):(customers):
LandownersLandowners CommunitiesCommunities Local GovernmentLocal Government Forest Product / Tree Care Forest Product / Tree Care
IndustriesIndustries Volunteer Fire DepartmentsVolunteer Fire Departments YouthYouth SportsmenSportsmen
Co-chaired by Jim Mallow (former State Forester) and Gary Allen Co-chaired by Jim Mallow (former State Forester) and Gary Allen (former Chairman of the Governor’s Forestry Task Force), the (former Chairman of the Governor’s Forestry Task Force), the Partnership consists of the following entities:Partnership consists of the following entities:• Association of Forest Industries, Inc• Black Walnut Council• Forest Landowners Association, Inc• Forest Resources Association, Inc.• Forum for Rural Maryland• Maryland Association of Forest Conservancy District Boards• Maryland Christmas Tree Association• Maryland Eastern Shore RC&D Council, Inc.• Maryland Legislative Sportsmen’s Foundation• Maryland Forests Association, Inc• Maryland Tree Farm System• Pawlonia Society• The Conservation Fund• Society of American Foresters
Partnership for Sustainable Forestry
Opportunities, Looking to the Future…….
• Capitalize on Farm Bill.• Fragmentation/Parcelization.• Preserve Working
Landscapes.• Innovate Public Forest Mgmt.• Efficient Wildfire Response.• Implement C2K Agreement• Support Livable
Communities.• Expand Partnerships/
Volunteer Efforts.• Effectively use available
tools and programs…• Learn, monitor, innovate,
and adapt…• Link people and forests from
the headwaters to the bay.
“We must be more than careful stewards of the land; we must be constant catalysts for positive change.” - Gifford Pinchot
State Forester’s State Forester’s Expectations & Desired Expectations & Desired
OutcomesOutcomes Define long-term strategies and focus for Define long-term strategies and focus for
the use of Maryland’s forest resources. the use of Maryland’s forest resources. To promote outcome-based stewardship of To promote outcome-based stewardship of
our forest resources. our forest resources. Identify and elevate the importance of Identify and elevate the importance of
“working forests” to Maryland’s economy “working forests” to Maryland’s economy and environment in every county of the and environment in every county of the state. state.
Utilize and emphasize the need for Utilize and emphasize the need for cooperative support from other agencies, cooperative support from other agencies, local jurisdictions, private organizations, local jurisdictions, private organizations, and policy makers. and policy makers.
Serve as the fundamental framework for Serve as the fundamental framework for decisions regarding forest issues. decisions regarding forest issues.
To address the overall extent, health and To address the overall extent, health and condition of Maryland’s forest resources. condition of Maryland’s forest resources.
To use the science and art of forestry to To use the science and art of forestry to balance the ecological and economic balance the ecological and economic needs of Maryland’s citizens to realize needs of Maryland’s citizens to realize forest sustainability. forest sustainability.
Social
Ben
efitsE
conom
ic
Ben
efits
ForestForestSustainabilitySustainability
Environmental Benefits