Mapping Supermassive Black Hole Winds, from the Event Horizon up to Galaxy Scales
“X-ray Skies with High-Res Eyes: Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS”
Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC
6-7 August 2018
Francesco Tombesi
(Kormendy & Ho 2013)
Relations Between SMBHs and Host Galaxies?M
BH(M
¤)
σ (km/s)
(Bower et al. 2012)
No AGN feedback
With AGN feedback
log(Stellar Mass/h-1 M¤)
Gal
axy
Stel
lar M
ass
Func
tion
l SMBH radius is >109 smaller than host galaxy
l SMBH mass is <1% stellar bulge mass
l SMBH gravitational energy > binding energy galaxy bulge!
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
Ultra-Fast Outflows (“UFOs”)
(Pounds et al. 2003)
NGC 4051 v~0.1c
(Tombesi et al. 2015, Nature)
(Reeves et al. 2009)
PDS 456 v~0.25c
Rest-frame energy (keV)
Rat
io s
pect
rum
/mod
el IRAS F11119 v~0.25c
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
(Ohsuga et al. 2009)
Are Winds at SMBH- and Galaxy-Scales Related?
(Wagner et al. 2013)
SMBH Winds(< 1pc scales)
Galactic Winds (~kpc scales)
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
Galaxy-Scale Molecular Outflow
• IRAS F11119+3257, ULIRG z=0.189, QSO luminosity 1046erg/s
• Herschel spectrum OH 119µm P-Cygni line profile (Veilleux et al. 2013)
• Molecular outflow 1000 km/s, 800 M¤ yr−1 at >300 pc
• Follow-up of CO outflow with ALMA (Veilleux et al. 2017)
Velocity (km/s)
Flux
den
sity
(Jy)
(credit ESA press release)
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
Galaxy-Scale Molecular Outflow
• IRAS F11119+3257, ULIRG z=0.189, QSO luminosity 1046erg/s
• Herschel spectrum OH 119µm P-Cygni line profile (Veilleux et al. 2013)
• Molecular outflow 1000 km/s, 800 M¤ yr−1 at >300 pc
• Follow-up of CO outflow with ALMA (Veilleux et al. 2017)
Velocity (km/s)
Flux
den
sity
(Jy)
(credit ESA press release)CO emissionALMA
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
• Long 250ks Suzaku observation in May 2013
• Detection (6.5sigma) broad absorption line at rest-frame E=9.82keV
• XSTAR fit: v=0.255c, logxi=4.11, Nh=6�1024, covering fraction >0.85
• Follow-up with NuSTAR (Tombesi et al. 2017)
X-ray Ultra-Fast Outflow
Rest-frame energy (keV)
Rat
io s
pect
rum
/mod
el
(credit ESA press release)
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
• Long 250ks Suzaku observation in May 2013
• Detection (6.5sigma) broad absorption line at rest-frame E=9.82keV
• XSTAR fit: v=0.255c, logxi=4.11, Nh=6�1024, covering fraction >0.85
• Follow-up with NuSTAR (Tombesi et al. 2017)
X-ray Ultra-Fast Outflow
Rest-frame energy (keV)
Rat
io s
pect
rum
/mod
el
(credit ESA press release)
Rest-frame energy (keV)
Rat
io s
pect
rum
/mod
el
NuSTAR
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
(credit NASA/GSFC)(Credit: NASA/GSFC)
Galaxy-Scale Feedback from AGN Winds?
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
(Gaspari & Sadowski 2017)
Self-Regulation of SMBH Feeding and Feedback
ξ ∝ r−0.58 NH ∝ r−0.44
vout ∝ r−0.40
M•
out ∝ r0.16
P•
out ∝ r−0.22 E•
K ∝ r−0.60
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(ξ)
Log(v out)
Log(P out)
Log(NH)
Log(Mout)
Log(EK)
(Tom
besi
et a
l. 20
13)
UFOWA
ξ ∝ r−0.58 NH ∝ r−0.44
vout ∝ r−0.40
M•
out ∝ r0.16
P•
out ∝ r−0.22 E•
K ∝ r−0.60
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(r)
Log(ξ)
Log(v out)
Log(P out)
Log(NH)
Log(Mout)
Log(EK)
(Tom
besi
et a
l. 20
13)
UFOWA
Multi-phase/Multi-scale Wind Feedback
(NG
C 41
51, W
ang
et a
l. 20
10)
Multiwavelength campaigns with ALMA, VLT, E-ELT, GMT, …: hot/cold gas mixing, AGN wind power, wind bubbles, shocks, photoionization cones, outflow morphology, AGN/star formation comparison, …
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
Direct Imaging of Galactic Winds with AXIS
(AXIS Team)NGC 3079
F. Tombesi – Imaging the Cosmos with AXIS, Washington DC, 6-7 August 2018
Thank you for your attention!
Active Galaxy
Wind
Supermassive Black Hole
Jet